Bangladesh University Of Engineering And Technology

ASSIGNMENT NO : 2

Course No : NAME 352

Course Name : Ship Structure Sessional

Submitted To :
Dr. Gautum Kumar Saha (Professor)
Dr. MD Shahidul Islam (Professor)
MD. Moinul Islam (Lecturer)

Submitted By : .
MD. Shihabur Rahman .
Department : NAME (L3 – T1)
ID : 1712032 .
Date : 22-03-2021 .
Executive Summary:
In this report we are going to have to solve 2 given problems of Truss Torque Arm and
Analysis Chamfer structure problem with the software Abaqus Using finite Element
method.

Our approach to solve the problem is, we have to first create the model of the problem in
abaqus software. Then we have to define the material to be used as trussfor those element
and give the properties as given in the problem . Then we have to set the boundary
condition and give the load on the node element given. The we have to create mesh and
define the element type and finally we have to create the job and submit and then the result
can be shown. In the result we would clearly be able to see the deformation and stresses
formed. We can then get the desired result.

Introduction:
We could think of the problem structures as a small part of a structure and we have to
know if the truss elementsgiven structure are able to take the load conditions in real life.
Using the abaqus software we can simulate a real life scenario and be able to see the
stresses develops on the structure. A torque arm is an arm to take the torque of the rear
axle of an automotive vehicle or in other use cases that is connected at the rear with the
differential case either rigidly or by a joint is given in our 1st problem, and a chamfer
structure in 2nd.truss structure is made with truss elements and nodes. And studying of the
isthese are important. Because these kind of structures are widely seen in bridges , large
civil structures, Crane arms and many more structurestorque arms are widely used in
automotive and we see chamfer in many structures, studying of these are important.. And
we need to be able to know if the design is going to be strong enough to hold the torque or
loads it is going to face.

Also from this analysis we will be able to know that which element is going to fail and we
can think of using element of better performance.if they could sustain the loads introduced.
Here’s what the problem looks like
Goals and Objectives:
Primary goal of the plane stress experiment is to find the longitudinal deformation,
longitudinal stress, transverse stress and von Mises stressnodal displacements, elemental
stresses and reaction forces for for problem 1 and the location and magnitude of principal
stress and maximum sheering stress for problem 2.displacement of node 1 and stresses in
each element.
Solving the problems we would be able to simulate the real life condition and scenario.
Then looking at the result and the color code represented in result section we would be able
to determine ifd the truss elementplane stress structure would we used would be strong
enough. Also, we will be able to see which element take what amount of load, and also
which element would take no load at all. If there is such element which takes no load we
can then also not use then element or use element of lower strength to reduce cost.and for
certain concentrated or distributed load how the structure would deform or behave and
track the displacement of the nodes or smaller elements.

Goals and ObjectivesAnticipated Results:

From the problem we can see that for the torque arm problem the left bolt hole is fixed and
on the right hole bolt concentrated force is applied. In the x axis a force of 2800 N is
applied and on the Y axis a force of 5000 N is applied. For this condition the torque arm
should deform at the first bolt hole as this point is fixed and giving only reaction force, load
side would move to right and up.In problem 1 5 nodes in total. 3 nodes there we see that
they are fixed nodes. This means these three nodes are not going to move no matter what
force is applied on them. One of the node has 20kn of load on it acting upwards at 30
degree angle with the vertical line. This would give 2 positive component in both X and Y
axis. So can expect the node to move to right and up a little.

In the second problem however we have 4 nodes in total and 3 of them are fixed and not
going to move and other node takes a load of 18kN acting downward. So we can expect the
node to move downwards a bit and all the elements should be in tension.which is chamfer
problem, this has one side fixed on the right side and the bottom side has a roller which can
move back and forth in x direction but cannot move in Y direction. And on the left side if
faces distributed tension load. So we can expect this structure to stretch in that direction of
load significantly

Mathematical Idealization:
Mathematical Representation:
Problem 1:
 To create the structure we have to draw several circles and other lines tangent to
them

Problem 2:
Here we have 5 nodes, Co-ordinates are (0,0), (20, 0), (20,9), (11,9) and (0,4.5).

Geometrical Representation:
Problem 1:
Now we can draw lines tangent to those circles as needed and trim extra unnecessary parts
we can create the structure. Here’s how it looks

Problem 2:
Placing the point at right co-ordinate and then connecting them with lines we can create
the shape of the problem here’s what we have.

Boundary Conditions:

For the torque arm problem or the 1st problem the left bolt hole is totally fixed meaning
this part of the structure cannot move or rotate in any direction.

For the second problem the left side of the body is totally fixed which means this cannot
move in X or Y direction, and the bottom side has roller which can move in X direction
only.

Material Model:

For both the problems to start working with the structure the software has to know what is
the structure is made of. So we have add some properties of the material used so Abaqus
knows what it is working with. For the first problem Young’s modulus E = 200 Gpa and
the poisons ratio is 0.3 and thickness of 0.01 m is given.
For the second problem E = 30e6 psi. poison’s ratio 0.3 and has thickness of 1 inch.

Solution Procedure and key Result:

Problem 1:
--First we created parts which had property of 2D deformable. Then with the help of circle
tool I drew circle to give outer left, right and inside shape of full and half circle. With the
lines command the tangent lines were created trimming off the unnecessary parts I finished
primary modeling.

--Then we created material for use as element and set their own material properties.

--then to give the structure its property we assigned the material we created earlier with
assign section tool.

-- Then from mesh tab in mesh controls we selected Quad dominated, Free technique, gave
medial axis algorithm. And from mesh type I unchecked reduced integration, and set the
family type plane stress.

--Then from parts in seed tab I used the approximate global size 0.01, didn’t use any lower
number as this might generate more than 1000 nodes.

--After that created instance of mesh and assembled the instance.

--Then I created linear perturbation step and from interaction I created 2 reference point
at left and right bolt hole.
--Then gave MPC constraints for left reference point we created earlier and coupling for
right reference point.
--then from steps I created one and gave BC for left RP making the x and Y axis movement
and rotation zero.
-- Then gave load of horizontal and vertical at right RP
--Last now I can create job and submit and monitor and see the result.
Model of problem 1:
S11:

S22:
S12:

Displacement comparison problem 1:

Problem 2:
--First we created parts which had property of 2D deformable., the primary creation of the
model was easier, with the point and lines command I put the points and joined them.

--Then we created material for use as element and set their own material properties.

--then to give the structure its property we assigned the material we created earlier with
assign section tool.

--Under assembly we set the parts to be independent.

--Then we in steps we created a step and set the boundary condition from BC. For the
bottom line as it had a roller it only could move in x direction so I set U2=0. And for the
right side element as it is fixed U1 and U2 both are zero. And also gave the pressure value
to the left side.

--Then from Mesh tab I element type quad, structure in mesh control and in element type I
set family type plane stress and unchecked reduced integration.

--Then in seed instance I set the global size 0.4 and didn’t set any lower value as this gives
more than 1000 nodes which is not allowed in student version. Then created instance of the
mesh.
--Finally I created job, submitted and got the result.
Model of problem 2:

Principal Stress - S11:

S22:

S12:
Displacement comparison problem 2:

Key Result:
Now that we have got the result for Abaqus we can now compare them with what we
previously anticipated.

In problem 1 we anticipated that as the left bolted hole was absolutely fixed this would not
move at all and will be deformed t this point. And where the load was given that part would
be stretched out right and up

In problem 2 right side was fixed and bottom side had a roller which would let horizontal
movement. As loads were given to the left side and to the left direction this has stretched
out left matching out anticipation

So, we can say that the simulation seems to work fine.

Conclusion:
In this truss analysis experiment, using finite element method, we had been able to simulate
real world scenario. And anticipated the whole experiment went alright. Result data show
that this works as expected.
Though this structure was fairly on the simple side but we also can work with complex
structures, And we should be extra careful on those analysis.

This experiment has a big significance as these structure is used in so many places. And
being able to extract the result before any construction of this kind helps to prevent real
world hazards. Also helps to reduce any construction cost. So we can conclude that this
whole experiment was a success and it is a success for those who are working in this
construction and with this construction and also a success for people who are going to
interact with those constriction.