Chapter 6 - Work and Energy: Application of Work-Energy Method: Constant Forces (Problem

GROUP 8 – BSCE 2A
CHAPTER 6 – WORK AND ENERGY
APPLICATION OF WORK-ENERGY METHOD: CONSTANT FORCES (Pinzon, Mil Ivan D.)

Problem:
If the motor exerts a constant force of 300N on the cable, determine the speed of 20 kg crate when it
travels s = 10m up the plane, starting from rest. The coefficient of friction between the crate and the plane is µ =
0.3
Given:
T= 300N
µ = 0.3
w = 20kg = 196.20N
Solution:
∑ 𝐹𝑣 = 0
𝑁 − 196.20𝑁 𝑐𝑜𝑠 300 = 0
𝑁 = 169.91𝑁
𝐹 = 169.91(0.3)
𝐹 = 50.973𝑁
From :
1
300𝑁(10𝑚 ) − 50.973(10𝑚 ) − 196.2(10𝑚 ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛(300 ) = (20𝑘𝑔)(𝑣𝑓2 − 0)
2
𝒎
𝒗𝒇 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟐𝟖𝟓 𝐀𝐍𝐒𝐖𝐄𝐑
𝑺
APPLICATION OF WORK-ENERGY METHOD: CONSTANT FORCES (Pineda, Nikko S.)
Problem:
A constant 500-N acts on a wagon during only the first 3 m of its motion starting from rest. If the
coefficient of friction is 0.15 , find the velocity of the wagon after it has moved a total distance of 5 m.
Solution:
Fv = 0
N1 = 400-500sin30 = 150 N
F = N
F1 = 150 (0.15)
F1 = 22.5 N
N2 = 400 N
F = N
F2 = 400 (0.15)
F2 = 60 N
Work-Energy Equation:
1𝑊
(+)𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘−(−)𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘=2 𝑔 (𝑣22−𝑣12)
1 400
500cos30(3)-22.5(3)-60(2)= 2 (9.81)(𝑣22 − 0)
v2 = 7.384 m/s ANSWER

APPLICATION OF WORK-ENERGY METHOD: CONSTANT FORCES (Rosales, Hannah Nicole J.)
Problem:
A constant force P=850 N acts on the body shown during only the first 8 m of its motion starting from
rest. If μ= 0.20, find the velocity of the body after it has moved a total distance of 12 m.\
Solution:
4
𝑁1 = 2000N – 850( ) = 1398.96 N
4√2
𝐹1 = 0.20(1398.96) = 279.72N
𝑁2 = 2000N
𝐹2 = 0.20(2000) = 400N
1W
∑(+)work − ∑(−)work =
2 g
(V2 2 – V1 2 )
4 1 2000
850( )(8) – 279.72(8) - 400N(4) = ( ) (V2 2 − 0)
4√2 2 9.81
𝐕𝟐 𝟐 = 3.09 m/s ANSWER

WORK AND ENERGY: RESULTANT WORK – VARIABLE FORCES (Ramos, Mierell Louise V.)
Problem:
An 18 lb box slides down slope (kinetic coefficient of friction, 𝜇𝐾 = 0.3) and compresses a spring. How
far is the spring compress before the box is pushed back up the slope?
Solution:
ILLUSTRATION:
FBD:
Solving for N and f Solving for s
𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑁 = 10.3244 𝑙𝑏; 𝑓 = 3.097 𝑙𝑏
𝑁= 18cos55° 𝑇1 + (𝑈𝑓 − 𝑈𝑖 ) = 𝑇2
𝑁 = 10.3244 𝑙𝑏 1
0 + (𝑚𝑔ℎ − 𝑓𝑑) = 𝑘𝑠 2
2
𝑓 = 𝜇𝑁
1
𝑓 = (0.3)(10.3244) 8(8 + 𝑠)𝑠𝑖𝑛55° − 3.097(8 + 𝑠) = (100)𝑠 2
2
𝑓 = 3.097 𝑙𝑏 52.426 + 6.553𝑠 − 24.776 − 3.097𝑠 = 50𝑠2
50𝑠2 − 6.456𝑠 − 27.65 = 0
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎
6.456 ± √6.4562 − 4(50)(−27.65)
𝑠=
2(50)
𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟏 𝒇𝒕 𝐀𝐍𝐒𝐖𝐄𝐑
POWER: EFFICIENCY (Nuñez, Ferdinan Matthew)
Problem:
Water enters a hydraulic reaction turbine with a velocity of 12 𝑓𝑡 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑒𝑐 & leaves it 3 𝑓𝑡 lower with a
velocity of 4 𝑓𝑡 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑒𝑐. If 100,000 𝑙𝑏 of water flow through the turbine each second. Compute the horsepower
output. Assume the turbine is 80% efficient.
Given:
𝑓𝑡
𝑣1 = 12
𝑠
𝑓𝑡
𝑣2 = 4
𝑠
𝑒 = 80 %
𝑙𝑏
𝑤 = 100000
𝑠
ℎ = 3 𝑓𝑡
Solution:
𝑣1 2 𝑣2 2
= −ℎ+𝐻
2𝑔 2𝑔
122 42
=
2(32.2) 2(32.2)
− 3+𝐻
H = 4.99 ft
P = 𝑤𝐻 = 100000(4.99) = 499000
𝑙𝑏−𝑓𝑡 1 ℎ𝑝
499000 𝑠𝑒𝑐
x 𝑙𝑏 −𝑓𝑡 = 907.27 hp
550
𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡
𝑒= 𝑥 100%
𝑃𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡
0.8 =
907.27
𝑷𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒑𝒖𝒕 = 𝟕𝟐𝟓. 𝟖𝟐 𝒉𝒑 ANSWER

POWER: EFFICIENCY (Ramos, Mierell Louise V.)
Problem :
What is the effiency of a rope and pulley system if a painter uses 1.93𝑘𝐽 of mechanical energy to pull the
rope and lift a 20𝑘𝑔 paint barrel at constant speed to a height of 7.5m above the ground?
ILLUSTRATION:
SOLUTION
Solving for Pout Solving for Efficiency
𝐸𝑔 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝐸𝑓𝑓 = × 100
𝑃𝑖𝑛
𝑁
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 20 𝑘𝑔 (9.8 ) (7.5𝑚) 1.47 𝑘𝐽
𝑘𝑔 𝐸𝑓𝑓 = × 100
1.93 𝑘𝐽
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 1.470 × 103 𝐽
𝑬𝒇𝒇 = 𝟕𝟔% 𝑨𝑵𝑺𝑾𝑬𝑹
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 1.47 𝑘𝐽
WORK-ENERGY APPLIED TO CURVILINEAR TRANSLATION ( Rosales, Hannah Nicole J.)
Problem:
A car starting from the rest at A is to attempt the frictionless loop-the-loop shown. The car weighs 750N
and carries a 750-N man.
A. Determine the height h in order for the car to just clear the gap.
B. What will be the normal pressure of the track against the car at B?
C. What is the maximum force exerted by the man against his seat during the entire trip?
Solution:
A) Height in order for the car to just clear the gap
𝑉 2 = 𝑉𝑜2 + 2𝑔𝐻
𝑉 2 = 0 + 2𝑔(ℎ − 1.5)
𝑉 2 = 2𝑔 (ℎ − 1.5)
𝑉 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛45
𝑅= 𝑔
𝑉 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛45
21.5 =
9.81
𝑉 2 = 298.3
298.3 = 2(9.81)(ℎ − 1.5)
𝒉 = 𝟏𝟔. 𝟕𝟎𝒎 answer
B) Normal pressure of the track against the car at B
𝑽𝟐𝑩 = 𝑉𝑜2 + 2𝑔(ℎ − 12)
𝑽𝟐𝑩 = 9.4𝑔
Σ𝐹𝑣 = 0
𝑊 𝑉𝐵2
𝑊 + 𝑁𝐵 =
𝑔𝑟
𝑊 𝑉𝐵2
𝑁𝐵 = − 𝑊
𝑔𝑟
1500 (9.4𝑔)
𝑁𝐵 = − 1500
𝑔 (6)
𝑵𝑩 = 𝟖𝟓𝟎 ANSWER
C) Maximum force exerted by the man against

his seat during the entire trip
𝑽𝟐𝑪 = 𝑉𝑜2 + 2𝑔ℎ
𝑽𝟐𝑪 = 0 + 2𝑔(16.70)
𝑽𝟐𝑪 = 33.4𝑔
Σ𝐹𝑣 = 0
𝑊 𝑉𝐶2
𝑅=𝑊+
𝑔𝑟
750 (33.4𝑔)
𝑅 = 750 +
𝑔 (6)
𝑹 = 𝟒𝟗𝟐𝟓𝑵 ANSWER

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GROUP 8 – BSCE 2A

CHAPTER 6 – WORK AND ENERGY

APPLICATION OF WORK-ENERGY METHOD: CONSTANT FORCES (Pinzon, Mil Ivan D.)

𝑁 − 196.20𝑁 𝑐𝑜𝑠 300 = 0

v2 = 7.384 m/s ANSWER

𝐕𝟐 𝟐 = 3.09 m/s ANSWER

Solving for N and f Solving for s

𝛴𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑁 = 10.3244 𝑙𝑏; 𝑓 = 3.097 𝑙𝑏

𝑷𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒑𝒖𝒕 = 𝟕𝟐𝟓. 𝟖𝟐 𝒉𝒑 ANSWER

Solving for Pout Solving for Efficiency

C) Maximum force exerted by the man against

𝑽𝟐𝑪 = 𝑉𝑜2 + 2𝑔ℎ

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