GROUP 8 – BSCE 2A

CHAPTER 7 – IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM

Impulse & Impact & Momentum (Pinzon, Mil Ivan P.)

Problem:
The 40kg crate is pulled by the constant force P. The crate starts from the rest and achieves a speed of 15m/s in 6
seconds. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the ground is 𝜇𝑘 = 0.2, Determine the magnitude of P.

Solution:

𝑡
From: 𝑚𝑣0 + ∑ ∫𝑡 2 𝐹𝑦 ⅆ𝑡 = 𝑚𝑣𝑓
1

0 + 𝑁(6) + 𝑃(6) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 250 − 40(9.81)(6) = 0

𝑁 = 392.4 − 0.423𝑃

𝑡
From: 𝑚𝑣0 + ∑ ∫𝑡 2 𝐹𝑥 ⅆ𝑡 = 𝑚𝑣𝑓
1

40(0) + 𝑃 (6) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 25 − 0.2(6)𝑁 = 40(15)

𝑃 = 110.338 + 0.221𝑁

𝑷 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎. 𝟐𝟏𝟐 𝑵 ANSWER

IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM (Ramos, Mierell Louise V.)
PROBLEM:
𝑚
SUPPOSE THE 0.15 𝑘𝑔 BALL STRIKES THE RACKET WITH A VELOCITY OF 80 AT AN ANGLE OF
𝑠
30° FROM A LINE WHICH IS PERPENDICULAR TO THE FACE OF THE RACKET AND REBOUNDS WITH A
𝑚
SPEED OF 80 AT 30° ABOVE THE PERPENDICULAR LINE, AS SHOWN BELOW. THE BALL IS IN CONTACT
𝑠
WITH THE STRINGS OF THE RACKET FOR 12 𝑚𝑠𝑒𝑐. FIND THE MAGNITUDE AND DIRECTION OF THE
AVERAGE IMPULSE EXERTED ON THE BALL BY THE STRINGS OF THE RACKET.
SOLUTION
Given:
𝑚 𝑚
𝑚 = 0.15 𝑘𝑔; 𝑣𝑜 = −80 ; 𝑣 = 80 ; 𝜃 = 30°
𝑠 𝑠

Diagram: FBD:

𝑣𝑂𝑥 = −𝑣𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑠30; 𝑣𝑥 = +𝑣𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠30

a. Solving for 𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒔𝒆

𝐹 ∙ 𝑡 = 𝑚(𝑣 − 𝑣𝑜 )
𝑚 𝑚
𝐹 ∙ 𝑡 = (0.15𝑘𝑔) [(80 ) (𝑐𝑜𝑠30) − (−80 ) (𝑐𝑜𝑠30)]
𝑠 𝑠
𝑵
𝑭 ∙ 𝒕 = 𝟐𝟎. 𝟕𝟖 𝐴𝑁𝑆WER
𝒔
IMPULSE, MOMENTUM, AND IMPACT (Pineda, Nikko S.)
Problem:

OBJECT B (1000 KG) HEADING EAST AT 28 KPH BUMPS INTO OBJECT A (1100 KG) TRAVELING
SOUTH AT 42 KPH . IF THE TWO OBJECTS BECOME INTERTWINED AND MOVED TOGETHER AS A UNIT
AFTER THE COLLISION. CALCULATE THE MAGNITUDE OF THEIR COMMON VELOCITY IMMEDIATELY
AFTER THE IMPACT.

SOLUTION:

MAGNITUDE OF THEIR COMMON VELOCITY

CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM ALONG EAST-WEST DIRECTION:

𝑚𝐴𝑣𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵 = 𝑚𝐴𝑣𝑥 + 𝑚𝐵𝑣𝑥

1100(0) + 1000(28) = (1100+1000)𝑣𝑥

𝑣𝑥 = 13.333 𝑘𝑝ℎ ANSWER

CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM ALONG NORTH-SOUTH DIRECTION:

𝑚𝐴𝑣𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵 = 𝑚𝐴𝑣𝑦 + 𝑚𝐵𝑣𝑦

1100(42) + 1000(0) = (1100+1000) 𝑣𝑦

𝑣𝑦 = -22.000 𝑘𝑝ℎ ANSWER

DYNAMIC ACTION OF JETS (Rosales, Hannah Nicole J.)
Problem:
Water leaves a hose at a rate of 1.5 kg/s with a speed of 20 m/s and is aimed at the side of the car, which stops it.
What is the force exerted by the water on car?

Given:
𝑣𝑖 = 20 m/s
𝑣𝑓 = 0
𝑘𝑔
m = 1.5 x 1s = 1.5kg (assuming the time period is 1s)
𝑠

ꕔt = 1s
F=?

Solution:
F ꕔt = m ꕔv
𝑚ꕔ𝑣
F=
ꕔt
𝑜𝑚 20𝑚
1.5 𝑘𝑔 ( 𝑠 − 𝑠 )
F=
1𝑠
𝒌𝒈−𝒎
F = -30 or 30 N answer
𝒔
ELASITC IMPACT (Rosales, Hannah Nicole J.)
Problem:
The l0-lb slender rod is suspended from the pin at A. If a 2-lb ball B is thrown at the rod and strikes its center with
a velocity of 30 ft/s, determine the angular velocity of the rod just after impact. The coefficient of restitution is e = 0.4.

Given:

𝑚𝑅 : 𝟏𝟎 𝒍𝒃 𝒎𝑩 : 𝟐 𝒍𝒃

𝑣𝐵 : 𝟑𝟎 𝒇𝒕/𝒔 𝑒 : 𝟎. 𝟒

Solution:

(𝐻𝐴 )1 = (𝐻𝐴 )2

(𝑚𝐵 )(𝑣𝐵 )1 (1.5𝑓𝑡) = (𝑚𝐵 )(𝑣𝐵 )2 (1.5𝑓𝑡) + (𝑚𝑅 )(𝑣𝐺 )2 (1.5𝑓𝑡) + 𝐼𝐺 𝜔2

2 𝑙𝑏 2 𝑙𝑏
( ) (30𝑓𝑡/𝑠)(1.5𝑓𝑡) = ( ) (𝑣𝐵 )2 (1.5𝑓𝑡) +
32.2𝑓𝑡/𝑠2 32.2𝑓𝑡/𝑠2

10 𝑙𝑏 1 10𝑙𝑏
( 2 ) (𝑣𝐺 )2 (1.5𝑓𝑡) + [ ( ) (3𝑓𝑡)2 ] 𝜔2
32.2𝑓𝑡/𝑠 12 32.2𝑓𝑡/𝑠2

𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒(𝑣𝐺 )2 = 1.5 𝜔2 , then

2.795 = 0.09317 (𝑣𝐵 )2 + 0.9317 𝜔2

(𝑣𝐺 )2 − (𝑣𝐵 )2
𝑒=
(𝑣𝐵 )1 − (𝑣𝐺 )1

1.5 𝜔2 − (𝑣𝐵 )2
0.4 =
(30𝑓𝑡/𝑠) − 0

12.0 = 1.5 𝜔2 − (𝑣𝐵 )2

(𝑣𝐵 )2 = −6.52𝑓𝑡/𝑠 or 6.52𝑓𝑡/𝑠 ←

𝝎𝟐 = 𝟑. 𝟔𝟓 𝒓𝒂𝒅/ 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝑪𝑪𝑾 answer

OBLIQUE IMPACT (Pinzon, Mil Ivan P.)
Problem:
The ball strikes the smooth wall with a velocity of (𝑣𝑏)1 = 20 m/s. If the coefficient of restitution between
the ball and the wall is e = 0.75, determine the velocity of the ball just after the impact.

Solution:

𝑚
𝑣𝑥1 = 20 𝑐𝑜𝑠 300 = 17.32
𝑠
𝑚
𝑣𝑦1 = 20 𝑠𝑖𝑛 300 = 10
𝑠
𝑣 ′ −𝑣 ′
From: 𝑒 = 𝑣2 −𝑣1
1 2

𝑣𝑥2
0.75 = −
17.32
𝑚
𝑣𝑥2 = 13
𝑠
𝑣 = √(13)2 + (10)2

𝒎
𝒗 = 𝟏𝟔. 𝟒𝟎 𝒔𝒆𝒄 Answer

𝟏𝟎
𝜽 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 (𝟏𝟑) = 𝟑𝟕. 𝟓𝟕𝟎 Answer
OBLIQUE IMPACT (Pineda, Nikko S.)
Problem:
A 3 kg hard steel ball collides head on with a 1 kg hard steel ball. The balls are moving up at 2 m/s in opposite
directions before they collide. Upon colliding, the 3 kg ball stops. What is the velocity of the 1 kg object after the collision?

Given data:
m1=1kg
m2=3kg
u1=−2m/s
u2=+2m/s
v2=0
v1=?

Solution:
The final total linear momentum is equal to the initial total linear momentum.

Σ𝑝𝑥𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 = Σ𝑝𝑥𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙

𝑚1𝑣1 + 𝑚2𝑣2 = 𝑚1𝑢1 + 𝑚2𝑢2

𝑚1𝑢1+𝑚2𝑢2−𝑚2𝑣2
𝑣1 =
𝑚1

(1𝑘𝑔)(−2𝑚/𝑠)+(3𝑘𝑔)(2𝑚/𝑠)−0
=
1 𝑘𝑔

= +𝟒𝒎/𝒔 ANSWER
COEFFICIENT OF RESTITUTION (Nuñez, Ferdinand Matthew R.)
Problem:

A golf ball is dropped from a height of 20 𝑓𝑡 upon a hardened steel plate. The coefficient of restitution is 0.894.
Find the height to which the ball rebounds on the first and second bounce.

Given:

ℎ = 20 𝑓𝑡

𝑒 = 0.894

Solution:

ℎ1 ℎ2
𝑒=√ =√
ℎ ℎ1

ℎ1
0.894 = √
20

𝒉𝟏 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟗𝟖 𝒇𝒕 ANSWER

ℎ2
0.894 = √
15.98

𝒉𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟕𝟕 𝒇𝒕 ANSWER
CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM (Ramos, Mierell Louise V.)
Problem:
A BOX HAVING MASS 0.5KG IS PLACED IN FRONT OF A 35 CM COMPRESSED SPRING. WHEN THE
SPRING RELEASED, BOX HAVING MASS M1, COLLIDE BOX HAVING MASS M2 AND THEY MOVE
TOGETHER. FIND THE VELOCITY OF BOXES.

SOLUTION:

Given:
𝑁
𝑚1 = 0.5 𝑘𝑔; 𝑚2 = 1.5 𝑘𝑔; 𝑘 = 50 ; 𝑥 = 0.35 𝑚
𝑚

Diagram:

b. Solving for 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚

𝑘 ∙ 𝑥2 = m ∙ 𝑣 2

𝑁
50 (0.35)2 = 0.5kg (𝑣)2
𝑚
𝒎
𝒗 = 𝟑. 𝟓 𝐴𝑁𝑆𝑊𝐸𝑅
𝒔
ANGULAR IMPULSE AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM (Rosales, Hannah Nicole J.)
Problem:
A 15 kg disk of radius 3 meters is spinning at 18 rad/s.
A. What is the inertia of the disk?
B. Calculate the angular momentum of the disk.

Given:
M = 15kg R= 3m ω = 18 rad/s

Solution:
A) Inertia of the Disk
1
I = MR2
2
1
I = ( )(15kg )(3m)2
2

I = 67.5 kg-𝐦𝟐 answer

B) Angular Momentum
L=Iω
L = (67.5 kg-m2 )(18 rad/s)
L = 1215 kg-𝐦𝟐 /sec answer
CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM (Ramos, Mierell Louise V.)
Problem:

A BALLET DANCER HAS A MOMENT OF INERTIA OF 10 kg ⋅ 𝑚2 WHEN HER ARMS REACH HER BODY
AND 20 kg ⋅ 𝑚2 WHEN HER ARMS ARE STRETCHED. WHEN THE TWO ARMS ARE PRESSED AGAINST HIS
𝑅𝑂𝑈𝑁𝐷𝑆
BODY, THE SPEED OF THE DANCER’S ROTATION IS 22 . IF THEN THE ARMS ARE STRETCHED,
𝑆

WHAT IS THE SPEED OF THE ROTATION?

SOLUTION

Given:
𝑟𝑎ⅆ
𝐼 = 10 𝑘𝑔 ⋅ 𝑚2 ; 𝜔 = 22 ; 𝐼′ = 20 𝑘𝑔 ⋅ 𝑚2
𝑠

Diagram:

c. Solving for 𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚

d. 𝐿 = 𝐿′
e. 𝐼 ∙ 𝜔 = 𝐼 ′ ∙ 𝜔′
𝑟𝑎𝑑
f. 10𝑘𝑔 (22 ) = 20kg (𝜔′ )
𝑠

𝒓𝒂𝒅
𝝎′ = 𝟏𝟏 𝑨𝑵𝑺𝑾𝑬𝑹
𝒔
CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM (Pinzon, Mil Ivan P.)
Problem:
The mass center of the 3-lb ball has a velocity of 6 ft/s when it strikes the end of the smooth 5-lb slender
bar which is at rest. Determine the angular velocity of the bar about the z-axis just after impact if e= 0.8

Solution:

𝑣𝐵2 − 𝑣𝐺2
𝑒=
𝑣𝐺1 − 𝑣𝐵1
2𝜔 − 𝑣𝐺2
0.8 =
6−0

∑ 𝐼0 𝑤1 = 𝛴𝐼𝑤2

3 3 1 5
−2 ( ) 61 = −2 ( ) 𝑣𝐺2 − ( ) (42 )𝜔
32.2 32.2 12 32.2

𝒓𝒂𝒅
𝝎 = 𝟑. 𝟒𝟕 Answer
𝑺
𝒇𝒕
𝒗𝑮𝟐 = 𝟐. 𝟏𝟒 Answer
𝒔
CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM (Pineda, Nikko S.)
Problem:
A bullet of mass m=1.5g is moving horizontally with a speed of 500.0m/s. The bullet strikes and becomes embedded
in the edge of a solid disk of mass M=3.2kg and R=0.5m. The cylinder is free to rotate around its axis and is initially at rest.
What is the angular velocity of the disk immediately after the bullet is embedded?

The initial angular momentum of the system is

𝐿𝑖 = 𝑚𝑣𝑅
The moment of inertia of the system with the bullet embedded in the disk is
1 𝑀
𝐼 = 𝑚𝑅2 + 𝑀𝑅2 = (𝑚 + )𝑅2.
2 2
The final angular momentum of the system is

𝐿𝑓 = 𝐼𝜔𝑓
Thus, by conservation of angular momentum, L i=Lf and
𝑀
𝑚𝑣𝑅 = (𝑚 + )𝑅2𝜔𝑓
2
Solving for ωf,
𝑚𝑣𝑅 (1.5 𝑥 10−3 𝑘𝑔)(500 𝑚/𝑠)
𝜔𝑓 = 𝑀 = = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟑𝟕 𝒓𝒂𝒅/𝒔 ANSWER
(𝑚+ 2 )𝑅2 (1.5 𝑥 10 −3 𝑘𝑔 +1.6 𝑘𝑔)(0.50 𝑚)