* TM 2033

Teknologi Platform

File Management

Dr Nazatul Aini Abd Majid

[email protected]
 *
* Your friend ask you to copy installation file for Fedora
and ask you this question:
* “ What is ISO file?”
 *
* Content
* What is file?
* What are the attributes of a file?
* What are the meaning of block, cluster and other terminology?
* What are the roles of file management system?
* What are file operations?
* What are directory structure?
* What is tree-structure directory? Example: UNIX directory tree
* What is acyclic structure?
* What are file directory operations?
* What is file protection?
* What are malicious program?
* Summary
 *

*Collection of (usually related) data

 *
* Content
* What is file?
* What are the attributes of a file?
* What are the meaning of block, cluster and other terminology?
* What are the roles of file management system?
* What are file operations?
* What are directory structure?
* What is tree-structure directory? Example: UNIX directory tree
* What is acyclic structure?
* What are file directory operations?
* What is file protection?
* What are malicious program?
* Summary
 *
* Name :symbolic file-name, only
information in human-readable form
* Type :name of file includes identification
of what type of file it is
* Location :pointer to a device and to file
location on device
* Size :current file size, maximal possible
size
* Protection : controls who can read, write,
execute
* Time, Date and user identification data
for protection, security and usage
monitoring

* Information about files are kept in the

directory structure, maintained on disk
*
* Name :__________ . ___________

Name given by the user

Extension / type
*

Example:
*
Example

Example:
 *

*How about this file with 2 extensions:

progA.c.bz2
 *
* Content
* What is file?
* What are the attributes of a file?
* What are the meaning of block, cluster and other terminology?
* What are the roles of file management system?
* What are file operations?
* What are directory structure?
* What is tree-structure directory? Example: UNIX directory tree
* What is acyclic structure?
* What are file directory operations?
* What is file protection?
* What are malicious program?
* Summary
 *
* Block
* Typically between 256 and 4096 bytes
* Files usually require a one-block minimum
* Cluster
* Groups of one or more blocks
* Blocks or clusters correspond to one or more sectors on a disk’s single
track or cylinder
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* Logical view
* Contents and attributes of files viewed by the user
* Physical view
* The actual way a file is stored within the computer system
* Sequential access
* Data files whose records always have to be retrieved from the
beginning
* Random or relative access
* Data files whose records can be retrieved from anywhere in the file in
random sequence
* Contiguous
* The blocks that hold a particular file are stored together
* Noncontiguous
* The blocks that hold a particular file are scattered all over the device
 *
* Content
* What is file?
* What are the attributes of a file?
* What are the meaning of block, cluster and other terminology?
* What are the roles of file management system?
* What are file operations?
* What are directory structure?
* What is tree-structure directory? Example: UNIX directory tree
* What is acyclic structure?
* What are file directory operations?
* What is file protection?
* What are malicious program?
* Summary
 *
* Provides a logical view for the user and hides the physical
implementation
* Consistent set of commands that are translated to a form
appropriate for the device
* Consistent view of files regardless of file type, file
characteristics, or device
* Supports manipulation of data within the file
* Manages directory structures that are presented in a logical
view
* Command shell takes user file commands and program file
requests and translates them for the file manager
* Requests data transfers from I/O device drivers
* File security and protection of file integrity
 *
* Content
* What is file?
* What are the attributes of a file?
* What are the meaning of block, cluster and other terminology?
* What are the roles of file management system?
* What are file operations?
* What are directory structure?
* What is tree-structure directory? Example: UNIX directory tree
* What is acyclic structure?
* What are file directory operations?
* What is file protection?
* What are malicious program?
* Summary
 *
* File as a whole
* Copy, Move
* List, Print
* Load and execute a program
* Load file into memory
* Store file from memory
* Append data from memory to file
* Compile, assemble a file
 *
* Within a file
* Open a file
* Read a number of bytes from file
* Write a number of bytes to a file
* Move the file pointer forward or backward
* Move file pointer to beginning of a file
* Close a file
 *
* Content
* What is file?
* What are the attributes of a file?
* What are the meaning of block, cluster and other terminology?
* What are the roles of file management system?
* What are file operations?
* What are directory structure?
* What is tree-structure directory? Example: UNIX directory tree
* What is acyclic structure?
* What are file directory operations?
* What is file protection?
* What are malicious program?
* Summary
 *
* Provides a means of organization so that files can be located
easily and efficiently
* Hides the physical devices from the logical view of the files
* Why directory is needed?
Efficiency - locating a file quickly
Naming - convenient to users
Two users can have the same name for different files.
The same file can have several different names.
Grouping
Logical grouping of files by properties (e.g. all Pascal
programs, all games…)
*
For our examples, root is on
disk device C:

Pathname Examples:
Absolute: C:\FINANCE\QUICKEN\Q.EXE
Relative from the FINANCE directory: QUICKEN\Q.EXE
Search Path: PATH=C:\DOS;C:\FINANCE\QUICKEN
* Now the programs in the two directories can be run by specifying the name
of the program without the absolute or relative pathnames
Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 17-21
 *
* Unix:

Linux?: http://youtu.be/afXP0IQuHIE?t=1m20s
Path
Path
*Tree-structure that permits links between
separate branches of the tree
*Advantage
*Easy user access

Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 17-25

Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 17-26
 *
* Content
* What is file?
* What are the attributes of a file?
* What are the meaning of block, cluster and other terminology?
* What are the roles of file management system?
* What are file operations?
* What are directory structure?
* What is tree-structure directory? Example: UNIX directory tree
* What is acyclic structure?
* What are file directory operations?
* What is file protection?
* What are malicious program?
* Summary
 *
* File Directory
* Create a new (empty) file
* Move a file from one directory to another
* Rename a file
* Append one file to another
* Delete a file
* Examples of commands:
* Creating a new subdirectory is done in current directory, e.g.
mkdir <dir-name>
* Delete a file , e.g. rm file-name
* Copy a file, e.g. cp *.c bak
* . Copy all C files in current directory to subdirectory bak
 *
* Content
* What is file?
* What are the attributes of a file?
* What are the meaning of block, cluster and other terminology?
* What are the roles of file management system?
* What are file operations?
* What are directory structure?
* What is tree-structure directory? Example: UNIX directory tree
* What is acyclic structure?
* What are file directory operations?
* What is file protection?
* What are malicious program?
* Summary
 *
* File systems generally contain information that is highly valuable
to their users.
* Therefore, protecting this information against unauthorized
usage is a major concern.
* Logins and passwords
* Most systems provide three forms of protection on files
* Read protection
* Write protection
* Execution protection
* Access control list (ACL)
* List of users who may access the file for each of the forms of
protection
* Owner/Group/Everyone protection method
* UNIX, Linux
 *
*Access control list (ACL)
* List of users who may access the file for each of the forms of
protection

Figure 5-27. Use of access control lists to manage file access.

Tanenbaum & Woodhull, Operating Systems: Design and Implementation, (c) 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 0-13-142938-8
*

ls –lF list files in directory using a long format and indicate file type
10-char code for file protection
1st char d for directory, - for file, s for symbolic link
2nd to 4th char permissions for the owner
5th to 7th char permissions for the group
8th to 10th char permissions for everyone
r - read permission, w - write permission, x - execute permission

Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 17-32

 *
*Sometimes called malware.
*__________ is a well known malware. A piece of
code that can reproduce itself by attaching a copy of
itself to another program, analogous to how
biological viruses reproduce.
*___________ is to render the computer unusable as
long as the virus is running. Can also used to cause a
DDOS attack.
*___________ is a virus that spread by attaching itself
to another program and is executed when its host
program is executed, a worm is a free standing
program
Worm, Denial of Service, Virus
 *
* Content
* What is file?
* What are the attributes of a file?
* What are the meaning of block, cluster and other terminology?
* What are the roles of file management system?
* What are file operations?
* What are directory structure?
* What is tree-structure directory? Example: UNIX directory tree
* What is acyclic structure?
* What are file directory operations?
* What is file protection?
* What are malicious program?
* Summary
Dr Nazatul Aini Abd Majid
[email protected]