12

10 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

TVL-ICT-CSS
Quarter 4 – Module 5-6:
MAINTAINING AND REPAIRING COMPUTER
SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS (MRCN)
(Rectify/correct defects in computer systems and networks)
TVL ICT: Computer Systems Servicing – Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – MODULE 5-6: RECTIFY/ CORRECT DEFECTS IN COMPUTER
SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS
First Edition, 2020

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represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Rudy A. Tagud Jr.
Editors: Reynald M. Manzano
Reviewers: Louelyn M. Lajot, Reynald M. Manzano
Typesetter:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
Fay C. Luarez, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D. Maricel S. Rasid
Adolf P. Aguilar Elmar L. Cabrera
Nilita R. Ragay, Ed.D.
Antonio B. Baguio Jr. Ed.D.

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: [email protected]
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TLE-ICT-CSS
Quarter 4 – Module 5-6:
MAINTAINING AND REPAIRING
COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND
NETWORKS (MRCN)
(Rectify/correct defects in computer systems
and networks)
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master Maintaining and Repairing Computer Systems and Networks. The scope of
this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module contains lesson in rectify/correct defects in computer systems and

networks.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Install correct components or parts without damage to the surrounding
environment or services.
2. Replace defective components or parts without damage to the surrounding
environment or services.
3. Use appropriate PPE in line with standard procedures.

What I Know

Let us determine how much you already know about maintaining and
repairing computer systems and networks. Take this short test to find out.
I. Direction: Identify the word/s that best describe/s the following statements. Write
the answers on your answer sheet/notebook.

_________1. It is an equipment used to adjust instrument accuracy, often associated

with a specific application like temperature, pressure, and weight.

_________2. It is a laboratory instrument commonly used to display and analyze

the waveform of electronic signals.

_________3. They are interfaces for linking devices by using cables.

_________4. It is an important topic for anyone who owns a PC.

_________5. It is also a kind of metric to discuss how well parts of the network
connect to one another.

Note: If you get 100% correct in this pre- assessment, skip the lesson but if not
and you only get 50% to 99% correct, then proceed with the lesson.

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 Lesson RECTIFY/CORRECT DEFECTS IN
COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND
1 NETWORKS

What’s In

The previous lesson discussed about diagnosing faults of computer systems

and networks. Can you still remember them? If so, please take time to mentally recall
some of the previous topics by answering the following questions: (Direction: Add the
two pictures to form the word)

1.

2.

3.

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 What’s New

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write in
your notebook.
1. What is the name of the card that controls read, write head and motor
in the hard disk?
a. Network Card b. Disk Controller Card
c. Both a and b d. None of the above
2. Acronym of HDD?
a. Hard Disk Drive b. Hard Drive Disk
c. Both a and b d. None of the above
3. Which of the following retains the information it’s storing when the
power to the system is turned off?
a. CPU b. ROM
c. DRAM d. DIMM
4. How many bytes a sector of hard disk holds?
a. 512 Bytes b. 1024 Bytes
c. Both a and b d. None of the above
5. Multi-destination routing
a. is same as broadcasting routing
b. contains the list of all destinations
c. data is not sent by packets
d. none of the mentioned

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 What is It

RECTIFY/CORRECT DEFECTS IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND

NETWORKS
Preventive maintenance can be described as maintenance of equipment or
systems before fault occurs. It can be divided into two subgroups: Planned
Maintenance and Conditioned-Based Maintenance.
Planned Maintenance (PM) is any variety of scheduled maintenance to an object or
item of equipment. Specifically, PM is a scheduled service visit carried out by a
competent and suitable agent, to ensure that an item of equipment is operating
correctly to avoid any unscheduled breakdown and downtime of an equipment.

Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) is a maintenance strategy that uses the

actual condition of the asset to decide what maintenance needs to be done. CBM
dictates that maintenance should only be performed when certain indicators show
decreasing performance or upcoming failure. Checking a machine for these
indicators may include non-invasive measurements, visual inspection, performance
data and scheduled tests. Condition data can be gathered at certain intervals, or
continuously.

The purpose of systematic inspection, detection and correction of existing /

future problems is very important to maintain equipment / facilities in satisfactory
condition before it may cause major problem. Maintenance, including tests,
measurements, adjustments, and parts replacement, performed specifically to
prevent faults from occurring.

Maintenance is divided into two (2) general type. Preventive maintenance is

given for maintaining equipment and facilities in satisfactory operating condition to
extend the life of the equipment. Corrective maintenance is task performed to
identify, isolate, and rectify a fault so that the failed equipment or system can be
restored to an operational condition within the tolerances or limits.

Maintenance Procedures

In preparing maintenance procedure, you also must consider designing a

systematic plan for both for hardware and software. This saves time, money and
frustration and ensures safe conditions to prevent injury to people and damage to
computer equipment.

Planning Maintenance Procedures for Computer System and Networking:

A. Design a systematic maintenance plan for hardware.

1. Design a monitoring, evaluating, and updating plan.
2. Place your computer in a well-ventilated area.
3. Schedule the use of computer for its longer life.
4. Move the computer only when it is turned off and unplugged.
5. Treat your computer properly.

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B. Design a systematic maintenance plan for your software.
1. Backup your files.
2. Install or secure passwords.
3. Delete temporary files.
4. Update anti-virus and spyware.

Design a systematic monitoring, evaluating, and updating plan for hardware.

Computers have significantly changed the working environment, simplifying, and
speeding up many tasks across many work areas. However, with these advances are
some potential problems and maintenance issues. These guidelines describe how
computer technicians, students and computer users can work together to achieve a
productive workplace environment. The guidelines reflect current knowledge and
best practice for the use of computers so you can achieve maximum efficiency and
safety in your workplace.

Place your computer in a well-ventilated area.

❖ This will allow proper circulation of air inside the computer unit.

Schedule the use of computer for its longer life.

❖ This will help lessen the attacks of viruses and increases the life span
of your computer.

Move the computer only when it is turned off and unplugged.

❖ To avoid damage to the computer unit always turn off and unplug it
when transferring the computer to another location.

Treat your computer properly.

❖ This means taking care of your computer. PCs and laptops should be
properly turned off.

Do systematic maintenance plan for your computer software.

Back-up your files

❖ Protecting your files means creating backups, storing your file backups
on your hard drive or any removable storage device regularly.

Install or secure passwords.

❖ Installing passwords makes your files more secure.

Delete temporary files.

❖ Deleting the temporary files on your computer will enhance its speed
and will create more disk space for your files.

Update anti-virus and spy ware.

❖ Regularly update your anti-virus for your computer protection against
viruses.

Preventing Computer Systems Failure

Computers, in general, are stable, and you can usually rely on them to not fail
you. However. If you develop some basic habits, you can postpone serious computer
problems, if not avoiding them entirely.

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1. Computer issues. Know that your computer is going to fail. You need to treat your
computer as if it were a doomed failure. Always assume that failure is imminent.
A fatal error results in data loss, damage to your computer and/or its ability to
function, hardware failure, or other serious issues.

2. Dust issues. Preventing failure means making sure your computer is physically
clean in its operations. Make sure that there is not too much dust inside,
especially on the fans. Dust can reduce performance and cause overheating.
3. RAM issues. Know your computer's specifications and its limits. RAM runs even
the PC is running idly. It consumes RAM storages capacity making you difficult to
open a program if RAM storage had been consumed.

4. Malware issues. Make sure that your anti-virus software is updated to be able to
scan unnecessary files that enter your PC. Do not install programs that you’re not
familiar with or if do not fully trust.

5. Hardware issues. When something is not working properly, either diagnose the
problem yourself and fix it, to prevent further damage or contact a professional
and have them look at it for you. Take advantage of warranties on parts if they
fail.
6. Warning issues. If the same error message shows up every time you log in, be sure
to investigate it. Although unlikely, these errors could be important.

7. Usage issues. Give your computer a break. Believe it or not, your computer likes
rest, too. Leaving it on all the time wears out hardware and puts unnecessary wear
and tear on the hardware. Giving your computer a break also saves you money
(electrical bills).

8. Warranty issues. Always take advantage of warranties. Get a warranty to protect

your hardware, so it can be replaced in case of failure.

9. Backup issues. Back-up everything. Run regular backup of your important files
to other disks, computers, or an online backup service.

10. Error message issues. If your PC fails to function, diagnose the problem. Write
down the necessary info such as error messages or things don’t work properly. If
you know how to fix it, do it, to avoid further damage but if not then seek for
professional help.

In recent years, software defects have become the dominant cause of customer
outage, and improvements in software reliability and quality have not kept pace with
those of hardware. Yet, software defects are not well enough understood to provide a
clear methodology for avoiding or recovering from them.

Debugging is the group of activities that software developers perform to fix a

bug, so being a good debugger is a very important part of being a good developer.
Three reasons to consider debugging one of your main skills:

• We spend a lot of time debugging.

• There are always errors in your code
• Debugging is sometimes the only way to check that some code is
working fine.

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 There are thousands of problems that your PC could have, from an endless list of
possible error messages to various hardware failures. Most of those problems might
have several possible causes as well. Most of these potential issues are rare. The
problems most computer users see are common errors and failures seen by many,
many others.

There are some of the most common PC problems:

• Computer will not turn on

• Blue screen of death (BSOD)
• “404” / “page not found” error
• “Hal.dll is missing” error

Computers and computer components can fail at any time and for any reason.
If the defect can ultimately be traced back to the design, programming, or
manufacturing process, you might be entitled to recover compensation through a
class-action lawsuit. Many people think that hardware and software are one in the
same. In fact, hardware and software are very different. Hardware refers to the
physical components of the computing unit — tower, monitor, printer, keyboard,
mouse, and the physical pieces of equipment that comprise these components —
while software refers to the coding or built-in instructions that allow the hardware
to run properly.

What’s More

Direction: Make an inventory list to inspect and test the computer systems and
networks.

ITEM DESCRIPTION REMARKS

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

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 What I Have Learned

I have learned that ____________________________________________

I have realized that ___________________________________________
I will apply ___________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Direction: Identify the defective parts of computer systems and networks. Give your
possible solution to the problems.

DEFECT ITEM DESCRIPTION SOLUTION

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Assessment

I. Identification. Identify the term/s for each given description in the items
below. Write the answer on your answer sheet.

___________________1. It is a laboratory instrument commonly used to display and

analyze the waveform of electronic signals.

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___________________2. They are interfaces for linking devices by using cables.

___________________3. It is an important topic for anyone who owns a PC.

___________________4. It is an equipment used to adjust instrument accuracy,
often associated with a specific application like
temperature, pressure, and weight.
___________________5. It is also a kind of metric to discuss how well parts of
the network connect to one another.

II. Multiple Choice: Select the letter of the correct answer and write in your
notebook.

1. Which of the following retains the information it’s storing when the
power to the system is turned off?
a. CPU b. ROM
c. DRAM d. DIMM
2. How many bytes a sector of hard disk holds?
a. 512 Bytes b. 1024 Bytes
c. Both a and b d. None of the above
3. Multi-destination routing
a. is same as broadcasting routing
b. contains the list of all destinations
c. data is not sent by packets
d. none of the mentioned
4. What is the name of the card that controls read, write head and motor
in the hard disk?
a. Network Card b. Disk Controller Card
c. Both a and b d. None of the above
5. Acronym of HDD?
a. Hard Disk Drive b. Hard Drive Disk
c. Both a and b d. None of the above

Additional Activities

For the preparation of the next activity read or watch a video about how to
inspect and test the computer systems and networks.

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Assessment
1. Oscilloscope
2. Connectors
3. PC maintenance
4. Calibrator
5. Network connectivity
II.
1. b
2. a
3. c
4. b
5. a
Whats New What I Know What’s More
1. Calibrator Answer may vary
1. b 2. Oscilloscope
3. Connectors
2. a 4. PC maintenance
5. Network connectivity
3.b What’s In
4. a 1. Power Supply
5. a 2. Motherboard
3. Hard Disk
Answer Key
References

3G E- Learning. (Accessed 12 November 2020)

https://www.3ge-learning.com/

Manzano, Reynald. 2016. Competency based learning material. Metro

Dumaguete College.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117