Caliphate of Hazrat Abu Bakr RA

Caliphate of Hazrat Abu bakr RA
Key Points:
Life before Caliphate:
 He was two years Younger than Holy Prophet ‫ﷺ‬
 His father was Usman and mother was Salma.
 He was very close friend of Holy Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
 He was first to embrace Islam among men.
 He is one of ten blessed companions, Ameer e hajj of first Hajj, only Imam during life of
Holy Prophet ‫ﷺ‬, partner of Holy Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬in migration.
 Allah Almighty has mentioned in Holy Quran.
Election as Caliph:
 Holy prophet PBUH did not nominate any successor in his life.
 After the death of Holy Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬companions of Holy Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬gathered to
select first caliph of Islam.
 Hazrat Abu Bakr  nominated the names of Hazrat Umer  and Hazrat Ubaidah Bin Al
Jarrah  but they did not accept.
 Hazrat Umar RA suggested the name of Hazrat Abu Bakr RA.
 All the companions agreed on his opinion.
 Hazrat Umer  and Hazrat Zaid  took pledged of loyalty to Hazrat Abu Bakr which
was followed by all the Muslims.
Expedition to Syria
 Muslims army was ready to attack on Syria in life of Holy Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬but they could
not due to the illness and demise of Holy prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
 First political step taken by Hazrat Abu Bakr RA.
 He sent Muslims army to Syria to complete the orders of Holy Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬.
 Hazrat Usama  was made head of Muslim army because his father Hazrat Zaid  was
martyred in Battle of Mautah by Syrian army.
 Muslim got victory in expedition to Syria.
Problems faced by Hazrat Abu Bakr RA

Refusal to pay Zakat
 After the demise of Holy Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬few tribes refused to pay zakat.
 They wanted to renew the treaty and exemption from payment of Zakat.
 Hazrat Abu Bakr  suggested with companions to face this situation.
 He became firm against them.
 He decided to take actions against them.
 In 632 AD he waged a war against them.
 Some of them submitted to Islam without fighting.
 Muslims got victory and every tribe accepted to pay Zakat.
Apostasy Movement
 Many people who were having weak faith turned back from Islam.
 The main cause of Apostasy movement was lack of true and firm faith and false
prophets.
 Some new converts turned against the Islamic state in Madinah.
 Hazrat Abu Bakr RA formed an army of 10 battalions.
 He crushed all the forces of rebellions, disorder and apostasy.
 He started campaigns against apostasy movement in Bahrain, Oman, Maharrah, Yaman,
Syria, Iraq and other areas of Arab.
 Many people turned back to their faith and were given amnesty.
False Prophets
 Many false prophets arose in life of Holy Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
 They re-kindled after demise of Holy Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
1: Aswad Ansi
 He was the first to rise in Yaman.

 Ansi means “the veiled” because he covered his face all the time due to ugly shape.
 He was killed by Muslims and his followers scattered.
2:Tulayha
 He was from the tribe of Banu Asad.

 Khalid bin walid was sent to punish him.
 His army was defeated and he escaped to Syria.
 Later on he again accepted Islam.
3:Sajjah
 She belonged to tribe of banu Tamim.

 She also declared herself as a prophetess.
 She frightened from Muslims and joined Musailma.
 She married to Muailma.
 After conquest of Iraq Hazrat Khalid bin Walid  was sent to crush her.
 She and most of the people of Banu Tamim became Muslim.
4: Musailma the Liar
 He belonged to tribe of Banu Hanifa.

 He declared his prophet hood in life of Holy Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬and proposed Holy prophet ‫ ﷺ‬to
have share in Prophet hood.
 He tried to make changes in Islamic Practices.
 Hazrat Shurabil , Hazrat Ikarma  and Hazrat Khalid bin Walid  were sent as Muslim’s
army leaders to crush him.
 In Battle of Yamama he was defeated.
 In this battle 800 Muslims, 360 companions and a large number of Huffaz were
martyred.
 He was killed by wahshi .
Campaigns in the Caliphate of Hazrat Abu Bakr 
 Hazrat Abu bakr  started campaigns in Bahrain, Oman, Maharrah and Yemen against
apostasy movement.
 He stopped all the struggles and rebellions against Islam in shape of false prophets,
apostasy movement and refusal to pay Zakat.
 After facing the internal victories in Arabia, he started fighting with the external power.
 He sent an army under Hazrat Khalid bin Walid  to face Persian army and as a result
the complete of Iraq were conquered.
 He then took action on the conspiracy of Romans and sent army to Syria and defeated
the romans.
Administration of Hazrat Abu Bakr 

 He laid down the foundation of Islamic state under the light of Holy Quran, Sunnah and
mutual consultation of the companions.
 There was a special Shura (council of advisers) to decide matters.
 He never allowed any of his officers to behave in an irregular manner.
 All the Zakat, taxes and booty were paid to Bait Ul Maal ( Public treasury ) which were
distributed immediately among the poor and needy and as salaries of the officials.
 He divided his empire into administrative provinces under Governer and Qazi.
 He divided his Army into groups under different commanders.
Hazrat Abu Bakr : A Savior of Islam

 Hazrat Abu Bakr  gave Islam a new life after the demise of Holy Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬.
 He ordered to compile Holy Quran in form of a book.
 He saved Islam from the mischievousness of false prophets.
 He crushed all the rebellions and apostasy movements.
 He spread the Islam into the entire Arabian Peninsula and out of Arabia.
 Many parts of Iraq and Syria came under the rule of Islam.
Character of Hazrat Abu Bakr 

 Hazrat Abu Bakr  is considered as Khair ul Bashar (Best person) after prophets.
 He was very diligent, wise, mild and gentle person.
 He was the most pious companion of Holy Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
 He was very God fearing and worshipper.
 It is said that he used to perform Salat similar to Holy Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
 He spent all his belongings for the sake of Allah and his Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
 He is one of the Ten Blessed Companions.
Death of Hazrat Abu Bakr 

 He passed away from this world at the age of 63 on the 22nd of Jamadi Ul Sani 13
A.H/634 AD in Madinah.
 He is buried side of the Holy prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
 He lived a noble life and selfless services.
 He wished not to use new cloth for his shroud and returned the entire amount which
was taken from Bait ul Maal.

Caliphate of Hazrat Abu Bakr RA

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Caliphate of Hazrat Abu bakr RA

Problems faced by Hazrat Abu Bakr RA

 He was the first to rise in Yaman.

 He was from the tribe of Banu Asad.

 She belonged to tribe of banu Tamim.

 He belonged to tribe of Banu Hanifa.

Administration of Hazrat Abu Bakr 

Hazrat Abu Bakr : A Savior of Islam

Character of Hazrat Abu Bakr 

Death of Hazrat Abu Bakr 

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