This paper proposes enhancements to the Caesar cipher algorithm for cryptography. It compares the enhanced Caesar cipher algorithm to AES and DES algorithms in terms of encryption and decryption times for files of different sizes (5 KB, 10 KB, 20 KB). The experiment found that as file size increased, encryption and decryption times also increased for all algorithms. However, the enhanced Caesar cipher performed encryption and decryption faster than AES and DES for the file sizes tested. The paper aims to improve security of the Caesar cipher by adding additional operations to the key generation process.
This paper proposes enhancements to the Caesar cipher algorithm for cryptography. It compares the enhanced Caesar cipher algorithm to AES and DES algorithms in terms of encryption and decryption times for files of different sizes (5 KB, 10 KB, 20 KB). The experiment found that as file size increased, encryption and decryption times also increased for all algorithms. However, the enhanced Caesar cipher performed encryption and decryption faster than AES and DES for the file sizes tested. The paper aims to improve security of the Caesar cipher by adding additional operations to the key generation process.
This paper proposes enhancements to the Caesar cipher algorithm for cryptography. It compares the enhanced Caesar cipher algorithm to AES and DES algorithms in terms of encryption and decryption times for files of different sizes (5 KB, 10 KB, 20 KB). The experiment found that as file size increased, encryption and decryption times also increased for all algorithms. However, the enhanced Caesar cipher performed encryption and decryption faster than AES and DES for the file sizes tested. The paper aims to improve security of the Caesar cipher by adding additional operations to the key generation process.
This paper proposes enhancements to the Caesar cipher algorithm for cryptography. It compares the enhanced Caesar cipher algorithm to AES and DES algorithms in terms of encryption and decryption times for files of different sizes (5 KB, 10 KB, 20 KB). The experiment found that as file size increased, encryption and decryption times also increased for all algorithms. However, the enhanced Caesar cipher performed encryption and decryption faster than AES and DES for the file sizes tested. The paper aims to improve security of the Caesar cipher by adding additional operations to the key generation process.
A review of Innovative Enhancement of the Caesar Cipher Algorithm for Cryptography
By: Bizuayehu Tadege, ID: bdu1300729
Faculty of Computing, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, Email:bizuayehutadege4@gmail.com
ABSTRACT Cryptography is one mechanism used to secure our information flowing in unsecure channels around the world. In this science there are several algorithms used to secure our information like Caesar, AES, and DES etc. by using those algorithms we can secure the information from illegal parties. In this paper the researchers tried to enhance the security of Caesar cipher by adding some additional operation on the key to secure the shared key for communicating parties. The major problem of Caesar cipher is easily cracked and to enhance those treat adding some feature is the goal of researcher in this paper. For this paper, they conduct an experiment on three of the algorithms that are proposed (enhanced Caesar cipher), AES and DES using three different file, the file size of each of the file is different and the experiment bounded within time for encryption and decryption. Finally, as the number of file size increase the encryption and decryption time also increase. As a result, the enhanced Caesar cipher performs an encryption and decryption for those different files in short time.
1. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, we are live in an interconnected world, and in this world there are several communications performed between users to share information around the world without physically coming together. The information share between parties are performed with the advancement of technologies, and within those communication conducted there are hackers, intruders, and other illegal users tried to intercept sensitive information from communicating parties. Here communicating parties does not get desired information from sender of the information, because a certain modification or deletion of information is applied on original data in transition. This modification of data in transition creates a conflict between parties that are communicating with falsified information. To tackle such a problem, researchers tried to design new paradigm that used for secure communication between communicating parties. The designed paradigm is call it cryptography. What is cryptography? It is the art and science of protecting information from undesirable individuals by converting it into a form non-recognizable by its attackers while stored and transmitted. Data cryptography mainly is the scrambling( mix up) of the content of data, such as text, image, audio, video and so forth to make the data unreadable, invisible or unintelligible during transmission or storage called Encryption(Alanazi et al., 2010). The primary goal of cryptography is keeping data secure from unauthorized attackers. The reverse of data encryption is data Decryption. In encryption and decryption process cryptography is categorized in two i.e. symmetric key cryptography and asymmetric cryptography. In symmetric key cryptography there is only one key between the communication parties for encryption and decryption in asymmetric cryptography there are two keys between communicating parties that are public and private key for encryption they use receivers public key and to decrypt they use their own private key. In this paper I tried to present enhancement of Caesar cipher in to DES, 3-DES and AES, why enhancement for Caesar cipher is that in symmetric key cryptography there is only one key for encryption and decryption as discuss before between communicating parties and it is vulnerable to attacks by making different analysis techniques like brute force and statistical analysis. As we know Caesar cipher is one of the oldest encryption algorithm used in encryption and decryption and it is one of the fastest algorithm than others by replacing each of the characters with in predetermined character and this algorithm is vulnerable to attacks. Because of predetermined shift number substitutes each of the characters. As presented on the paper shift number is 2, then to encrypt letter “A” then by proceeding forward “A” replace with “C” and this is the case for easily broken by attackers by analyzing the character sequence from encrypted data. The major aim for cryptography is to make a data make secure for every time. To secure and not cracked by attackers, nowadays researchers tried to advance this Caesar cipher to other encryption/decryption algorithm like DES, 3-DES and AES. DES algorithm is one of the most widely used symmetric key encryption algorithm in the world by making block cipher by taking a 64 bit plaintext block and convert them in to cipher text using 48 bit keys(Patil et al., 2016). The other advanced algorithm for DES is 3-DES it is similar with DES, but the encryption process is triplicate means that three times perform an action on a plain text to encrypt the text and introducing triple DES is to tackle the problem of DES form attacks. This algorithm uses three key for encryption of a text(Patil et al., 2016). The final advanced encryption algorithm used in this paper is AES, it is a symmetric encryption algorithm that used public key for encryption and private key for encryption and it is more secure than other algorithms. The key exchange (generation) between parties performed as Diffie-Helman exchanging by performing some operation on common shared key like Diffie-Helman works for enhanced Caesar cipher. When we see the key generation of two parties A and B with a common key that they know is 13, then A and B takes 12, 14 as private key respectively and A sends 13X12=156 to B and B send 13X14=182 to A again the result also multiplied and share it, then use the result as key to encrypt the text as follows. A: 182X12=2184 B: 156X14=2184 As shown in the calculation both A and B use 2184 to encrypt the text with module 26 to get the first shit key to encrypt the first letter from given text, next divide the shared key with first shift key and add the quotient on the shared key after that perform module of 26 to encrypt next letter from given text. In a text there is a space replace with result of second module result value letter and the result of module operation is zero add one on the key. This is the overall processes followed to encrypt the text and key generation for enhancement of Caesar cipher for encryption. 2. Objective The objectives of this paper is enhancing Caesar cipher by Appling different operation on key generation and compare it with other encryption/decryption algorithm with time for performing encryption and decryption within given different text data to enhance security feature.
3. METHODOLOGY A. Tools and techniques In this paper researchers take different algorithm to identify the security level and processing time for encryption and decryption for different algorithms. The selected algorithms for this paper are propose (enhanced Caesar cipher), AES and DES. By taking those three algorithms they conduct an experiment for encryption and decryption with the threshold of time and file size for each algorithm.
B. Dataset preparation For this experiment the researcher takes three text file with each of the file have 5, 10, 20 kb file size respectively and perform an encryption and encryption on each of the file using enhanced Caesar cipher, DES and AES to identify the secure algorithm for data communication between parties and the experiments are bounded in time for encryption and decryption of text file using different file size. Fig1: Flow chart of the given algorithm 4. CRITIQUES A. Weakness The major weakness of this paper is, it does not have enough dataset for experimentation and the workflow of each of the algorithm is not visible in this paper. The paper does not show the clear way of expression for which algorithm the key generation is performed, is for DES,AES, or Caesar cipher and in addition to that the experimentation threshold variable is limited not consider other variables like storage. In short, the paper presents the theoretical part of each of the algorithms without proper consideration of each of the algorithm tasks like how they works but they perform experimentation on each of the algorithm. The paper does not present how the experimental result comes from each of the algorithm.
B. Strong side The paper presents, in taking about encryption and decryption for particular data the time of execution and as file size of the plaintext increases the time taken for encryption and it also enhanced decryption for each of the algorithm. I clearly explained the result of the experiment in conclusion part and the paper show within example in each step how the normal Caesar cipher works and also how the enhanced Caesar cipher works. The paper also conduct an experimentation on different algorithms to identify the weakness or better performance of the proposed algorithm for a unique file in different file size in time bound. 5. REFERENCES
Alanazi, H. O., Zaidan, B. B., Zaidan, A. A., Jalab, H. A., Shabbir, M., & Al-Nabhani, Y. (2010). New Comparative Study Between DES, 3DES and AES within Nine Factors. 2(3), 152–157. http://arxiv.org/abs/1003.4085 Patil, P., Narayankar, P., Narayan, D. G., & Meena, S. M. (2016). A Comprehensive Evaluation of Cryptographic Algorithms: DES, 3DES, AES, RSA and Blowfish. Procedia Computer Science, 78(December 2015), 617–624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.02.108
