Quick Revision 6: The Story of Gold

QUICK REVISION 6
1. MULTIPLE CHOICE
For questions 1- 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each
gap
The Story of Gold
The story of gold is an adventure involving kings, queens, pirates, explorers,

conquerors, and the native peoples they conquered. Throughout history, gold has woven
a magic spell over those it touched. Gold is beautiful and rare; a soft shiny metal that
can be moulded into many (1) ... . It has been used for money, jewellery, and to decorate
special buildings such (2) ... palaces and places of worship. (3) ... the precious metal
was discovered, prospectors rushed to mine it, starting new cities and countries as they
went. Gold and the people who love it have helped shape the world we live (4) ... today.
Gold is one of many elements, or substances that cannot be changed by normal
chemical means, that are found in the Earth's crust. Gold has a warm, sunny colour and
(5) ... it does not react (6) ... air, water, and most chemicals, its shine never fades. In its
natural (7) ... , gold is soft and easily shaped. When heated to 1,062 Celsius it melts and
can be poured into moulds to form coins, gold bars, and other objects. Stories have been
told, movies (8) ... and legends born about the discovery of the world's great gold
deposits. It is a saga of dreams, greed, ambition and exploration.
1. A) formats B) outlines C) shapes D) lines

2. A) as B) like C) many D) to
3. A) Whoever B) However C) Forever D) Wherever
4. A) at B) in C) for D) on
5. A) yet B) despite C) because D) so
6. A) with B) in C) of D) at
7. A) estate B) stage C) state D) position
8. A) done B) made C) composed D) built
2. Open Cloze
For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which fits each gap. Use only
one word in each gap.
Gutenberg
Before Gutenberg (1394 – 1468), all books had to be copied by hand. The so-called
‘manuscripts’ of medieval times were laboriously hand-written, usually by monks (1) ...
devoted years (2) ... the work. Earlier attempts had been made to produce printing
‘blocks’. The designs on playing cards (3) ... example were carved from wooden blocks
which were inked and then printed onto cards. There are even examples of whole pages
in books being hand carved and printed. Gutenberg however came up with the idea of
printing using, not whole page blocks, but letter blocks. (4) ... he was a goldsmith (5) ...
trade, he knew how to mould metal into whatever shape was needed. He made
thousands of tiny blocks of ‘type’, (6) ... with a letter raised on it, which could be lined
up and clamped into position in a ‘forme’ (page block). The type could be linked, paper
laid on top, and the whole thing compressed by turning a handle. When released, the
paper had the page printed on it. Years of work went into this invention. Gutenberg
(7) ... to make the letters, develop an ink which would cling to metal (most didn’t), build
the forme, and above (8) ... find the money to do all this while not working as a
goldsmith.
3. WORD FORMATION
1. Most young ……………………….. have difficulty concentrating in class. LEARN

2. It’s time to do some ………………………. before the test. REVISE
3. Martin has been cheating on Rebecca for a long time. What a ……………….!
4. It was the most …………………………… day in my life. DISCOVER
5. He career is really ………………………….. . I think one day she will be STRESS
someone important. PROMISE
6. This hair clipper is totally ………………………. . I need to recharge the battery
every 15 minutes when I try to shave my head. USE
7. My holidays were …………………………….. . I really enjoyed myself.
8. My grandparents’ visit was quite ……………………….. . They never come to WONDER
us on weekdays. EXPECT
9. My grandfather died peacefully after a long ………………………. .
10. Where have you been? I guess I deserve some …………………………. . ILL
11. Mary is such a …………………….. girl. EXPLAIN
12. My younger brother is a compulsive ……………….. . CHEER
13. That’s ………………………………. .You’re late again and you haven’t even LIE
apologised. BELIEVE
14. Smoking is a serious …………………………. and some people don’t know how
to quit. ADDICT
4. Key Word Transformations
For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word
given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
1) It wasn't Mark that you met in the shop.
HAVE
It _____________________________________ Mark that you met in the shop.
2) She was just going to have her breakfast when the phone rang.
ABOUT
She was just_________________________________________breakfast when
the phone rang.
3) Steve didn't manage to complete his work.
FAILED
Steve__________________________________________________his work.
4) How long has she been studying English?
BEGIN
When_____________________________________________________studying
English?
5) George wrote his last novel five years ago.
WAS
It ______________________________________________________George
wrote his last novel.
6) Nobody took any notice of his bad behaviour.
ATTENTION
Nobody _________________________________________________his bad
behaviour.
QUICK REVISION 6 SOLUTIONS
GAP 1 (SHAPES) ... metal that can be moulded into many shapes. It has been used for money,
jewellery, and ... ↑_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _↑
MOULD something into a SHAPE => COLLOCATION
SHAPE => (NOUN) the form of the outer edges or surfaces of something.
Other Fixed Phrases and Idioms:
OUT OF SHAPE => in a bad state of health or physical fitness.
IN SHAPE => in a good state of health or physical fitness.
TAKE SHAPE => to develop and become more complete or organized.
GAP 2 (AS) ... jewellery, and to decorate special buildings such as palaces and places of
worship... ↑_ _↑
SUCH AS => FIXED PHRASE
GAP 3 (WHEREVER) ... places of worship. Wherever the precious metal was discovered,
prospectors rushed to ... ↑_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _↑
WHEREVER => CONJUNCTION
WHEREVER => in any place, no matter where.
WHEREVER + VERB
Common Errors:
Where ever she is, she will be thinking of you. X
Wherever she is, she will be thinking of you. V WHEREVER is written as one word!
GAP 4 (IN) ... helped shape the world we live in today. Gold is one of many elements, or
substances that cannot ... ↑__↑
LIVE + IN => VERB + PREPOSITION
LIVE IN => if you live in a place, you have your home there.
Common Errors:
This is the world we live on. X
This is the world we live in. V
GAP 5 (BECAUSE) ... a warm, sunny colour and because it does not react with air, water, and
most ... ↑_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _↑
BECAUSE => CONJUNCTION
BECAUSE => (CONJUNCTION), used when you are giving the reason for something.
BECAUSE + SUBJECT + VERB
Common Errors:
She couldn't go because her illness. X
She couldn't go because she was ill.V
GAP 6 (WITH) ... sunny colour and because it does not react with air, water, and most
chemicals, its shine never fades ... ↑_ _ _↑
REACT + WITH => VERB + PREPOSITION
REACT WITH => If a chemical substance reacts, it changes when it is mixed with another
chemical substance.
Common Errors:
Hydrogen reacts on oxygen to form water. X
Hydrogen reacts with oxygen to form water.V
GAP 7 (STATE) ... chemicals, its shine never fades. In its natural state , gold is soft and easily
shaped. When heated ... ↑_ _ _↑
NATURAL + STATE => COLLOCATION
NATURAL STATE => a wild primitive state untouched by civilization.
Other Collocations:
NATURAL DEATH, NATURAL DISASTER, NATURAL RESOURCES.
NATURAL HABITAT, NATURAL COLOUR, THE NATURAL WORLD.
GAP 8 (MADE) ... other objects. Stories have been told, movies made and legends born about
the ... ↑_ _ _↑
MAKE + MOVIE => COLLOCATION
MAKE A MOVIE => produce a film.
Common Errors:
They don't do movies like that any more. X
They don't make movies like that any more.V
2. OPEN CLOZE
GAP 1 (WHO/THAT) ... hand-written, usually by monks who/that devoted years to the work.
Earlier attempts ...
GAP 2 (TO) ... hand-written, usually by monks who devoted years to are now extinct, or no
longer around ... ↑_ _ _ _ _ _↑
DEVOTE + TO => VERB + PREPOSITION
GAP 3 (FOR) ... The designs on playing cards for example were carved from wooden blocks
which were ... ↑_ _ _↑
FOR + EXAMPLE => FIXED PHRASE
GAP 4 (BECAUSE) ... blocks, but letter blocks. Because he was a goldsmith by trade, he knew
how ... ↑_ _ _ _ _↑
BECAUSE + SUBJECT + VERB
GAP 5 (BY) ... he was a goldsmith by trade, he knew how to mould metal into whatever shape
was needed. ... ↑_ _↑
BY + TRADE => FIXED PHRASE
GAP 6 (EACH) ... thousands of tiny blocks of 'type', each with a letter raised on it, which could
be lined up and ... ↑_ _ _ _
EACH => DETERMINER
GAP 7 (HAD) ... into this invention. Gutenberg had to make the letters, develop an ink which
would cling ... ↑_ _↑
HAD + TO => MODAL VERB
GAP 8 (ALL) ... build the forme, and above all find the money to do all this while not working ...
↑_ _ _↑
ABOVE + ALL => IDIOM
REWRITE
ANSWERS 1: COULDN'T HAVE BEEN | COULD NOT HAVE BEEN | CAN'T HAVE BEEN
NSWERS 2: ABOUT TO HAVE HER

ANSWERS 3: FAILED TO COMPLETE
ANSWERS 4: DID SHE BEGIN
ANSWERS 5: FIVE YEARS AGO WHEN | FIVE YEARS AGO THAT
ANSWERS 6: PAID ANY ATTENTION TO/PAID ATTENTION TO
IDIOM
WORD FORMATION
1. Most young learners have difficulty concentrating in class.

2. It’s time to do some revision. before the test.
3. Martin has been cheating on Rebecca for a long time. What a discovery!
4. It was the most stressful day in my life.
5. He career is really promising . I think one day she will be someone important.
6. This hair clipper is totally useless . I need to recharge the battery every 15 minutes when I
try to shave my head.
7. My holidays were wonderful . I really enjoyed myself.
8. My grandparents’ visit was quite unexpected. They never come to us on weekdays.
9. My grandfather died peacefully after a long illness .
10. Where have you been? I guess I deserve some explanation .
11. Mary is such a cheerful girl.
12. My younger brother is a compulsive liar .
13. That’s unbelievable .You’re late again and you haven’t even apologised.
14. Smoking is a serious addiction and some people don’t know how to quit.

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QUICK REVISION 6

The Story of Gold

The story of gold is an adventure involving kings, queens, pirates, explorers,

1. A) formats B) outlines C) shapes D) lines

1. Most young ……………………….. have difficulty concentrating in class. LEARN

4. Key Word Transformations

NSWERS 2: ABOUT TO HAVE HER

ANSWERS 4: DID SHE BEGIN

ANSWERS 5: FIVE YEARS AGO WHEN | FIVE YEARS AGO THAT

ANSWERS 6: PAID ANY ATTENTION TO/PAID ATTENTION TO

1. Most young learners have difficulty concentrating in class.

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