Maths Frameworking Pupil Book 3.

1 Answers

Exercise 1A
1 a £1.50 b £3.50 c £8 d £21
e £12 f £22 g £24 h £6
2 a £2.25 b £1.75 c £1.05 d £2.15
e £20.80 f £43.20 g £4.80 h £42.60
3 a £30 b £52.50
4 a £60 b £130
5 a £135 b £4770
6 a £51.10 b £883.30
7 £5544
8 a £108 b £408 c £34
9 a £810 b £1560 c £130
d pupils’ own answers; for example, a loan shark as the interest rates are very high
10 Gabriel pays more (£12 × 12 = £144) than Joshua (£120).
11 yes, 0.5% × 12 = 6%
Challenge: Using a formula
A £150
B a £56 b £360 c £2800

Exercise 1B
1 a 1.04 b 1.06 c 1.09 d 1.1 e 1.12
f 1.15 g 1.2 h 1.35 i 1.17
2 a 0.98 b 0.97 c 0.95 d 0.92 e 0.9
f 0.85 g 0.8 h 0.7 i 0.75
3 a £13.20 b £21 c £31.20 d £108 e £224
4 a £16.20 b £29.10 c £47 d £135 e £320
5 a 96 cm b 1 m 15 cm (115.2 cm)
6 a 49.5 kg b 54.45 kg
7 a £530 b £561.80
8 a 2.4 mg b 2.88 mg
9 a 13 500 b 14 580
10 a 300 megalitres b 180 megalitres
11 a £10 200 b £8670
12 £124 848
13 × 1.1 × 0.9 = 0.99 so a 1% decrease overall
Challenge: Population change
A 5760
B 5760 × 1.2 = 6912
C 8294
D 2017 (11 944)

Exercise 1C
1 a 1.05 b 1.07 c 1.11 d 1.13 e 1.18
f 1.25 g 1.4 h 1.55 i 1.34
2 a 0.96 b 0.97 c 0.95 d 0.92 e 0.9
f 0.85 g 0.8 h 0.7 i 0.55
3 a £30 b £16 c £36 d £44 e £120

Maths Frameworking 3rd edition © HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2014

Pupil Book 3.1 answers
4 a £60 b £70 c £80 d £50.50 e £10.80
5 a 100% + 5% = 105% = 105 ÷ 100 = 1.05
b original height × 1.05 = new height, so original height = new height ÷ 1.05
c 120 cm
6 a 100% + 10% = 110% = 110 ÷ 100 = 1.1
b mass at 1 month old × 1.1 = mass at 2 months old, so mass at 1 month old = mass at
2 months old ÷ 1.1
c 5.5 kg d 5 kg
Challenge: Trees
A 5.0625 m
B 1m
C after 6 years

Exercise 1D
1 a 0.75 b 0.8 c 0.8 d 0.875
e 0.35 f 0.36 g 0.37 h 0.16
2 a 75% b 85% c 38% d 17%
e 70% f 90% g 15.5% h 75.5%
3 a 80% b 75% c 62.5% d 27%
e 62% f 35% g 87.5%
1
4 2 = 0.5 = 50%
1
4 = 0.25 = 25%
7
8 = 0.875 = 87.5%
3
5 = 0.6 = 60%
7
10 = 0.7 = 70%
13
20 = 0.65 = 65%
5 64%, 90%, 60%, 60%, 70%
6 a 70%, 95%, 70%, 67.5%, 80%
b onions, leeks and cauliflower, as none of these is 80% or more
20 1
7 a i 500 = 25 ii 0.04 iii 4%
b 25.6%
c The total number of pupils is 100, so the percentage is 3%.
17 85
8 Sophia is correct, as 20 = 100 = 85%.
9 40%
3
10 a 200 b i 10 ii 30%
c 16% d 54%

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Challenge: Different representations
A Check pupils’ answers.
B for example, 54% of the year are boys or the fraction of pupils in the year who are girls is
46
100
C for example, 48% of the school are girls or the fraction of pupils in the school who are
468
boys is 900

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Chapter 1: Answers to Review questions
1 a £0.60 b £2 c £7.50 d £3.80
e £7.20 f £36 g £29.40 h £41
2 a £48 b £70.67
3 a 1.03 b 1.05 c 1.08 d 1.11
e 1.14
f 1.18 g 1.22 h 1.45 i 1.33
4 a 0.96 b 0.98 c 0.93 d 0.91
e 0.88
f 0.82 g 0.75 h 0.65 i 0.67
5 a £8.32 b £31.20 c £21 d £53
e £345
6 a £19 b £38.40 c £55.20 d £225
e £264
7 a 30 kg b 36 kg
8 a 60% b 25% c 37.5% d 39%
e 84%
f 45% g 62.5%
9 a £11 200 b £8960
10 a £576 b £1176 c £98
d for example: a loan shark as the interest paid is very high
11 a £30 b £14 c £32 d £39
e £110
12 a 100% + 4% = 104% = 104 ÷ 100 = 1.04
b original height × 1.04 = new height so original height = new height ÷ 1.04
c 125 cm
13 a 200 b i 1/5 ii 20%
c 14% d 66%
14 a £50 b £30 c £40 d £60
e £20.30

Chapter 1: Answers to Progress solving – The Royal Albert Hall

1 a 1971 b 2021
2 4400
3 a 9 hours b 16 443 hours
4 £18 600 000
5 £27.2 million
6 Rounding the values gives 2 000 000 × 100 = 200 000 000, which is less than a
billion, so Helen is right.

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Exercise 2A
1 a 7x b 7a c 8t d 8y
e 6m f 3k g 4n h –4p
2 a 10m b 7y c 9t d 11p
e 13n f 9p g 6t h 7e
i 6k j 5h k 5m l 6t
3 a P = 8T b P = 8N c P = 14m
d P = 13k e P = 18w f P = 13n
4 a 5b + 3 b 7x + 6 c 6q + 3 d 7k + 7
e 2x + 5 f 6k + 3 g 2p + 1 h 3d + 2
i 2m – 2 j 2t – 3 k 3w – 7 l 4g – 5
m 7t + k n 9x + 3y o 7k + 2g p 5h + 4w
q 3t + 3p r 2n + 3t sp+q t 2n + p
5 a 8x b 12a c 10t d 6y e 24k
f 15t g 12x h 12m i 12t j 35y
10 d × 56 a 3t + 12 b 3x + 15 c 2m – 6 d 4k – 8
e 6 + 2x f 12 – 3k g 24 – 4y h 15 – 5x
7 a A = 5x + 15 b A = 3t + 6 c A = 2m − 2 d A = 20 + 4k
8 a 2m + 6 b 3k – 12 c 3a + 6 d 15 – 5p
e 6x + 8 f 10x + 15 g 8t – 4 h 20m + 35
i 6x + 3 j 12k – 8 k 10b + 6 l 14 – 28m
m 24 + 8p n 20 – 5t o 12 – 18g p 16 + 24t
q 18k – 54 r 10m + 15 s 9t – 6 t 6 – 8y
9 a A = 3x + 6 b A = 4x + 10 c A = 15m + 20
d A = 35k + 7p e A = 12t + 8 f A = 6x + 15
10 3(4x – 2) = 12x − 6 and 6(2x − 1) = 12x − 6
11 He has only multiplied the 5 by the 2x. He should also multiply it by the 3.
Challenge: Code breaker
A–G pupils’ own work
H APRIL FOOL

Exercise 2B
1 a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 b 1, 3, 5, 15 c 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18 d 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20
e 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 f 1, 2, 5, 10 g 1, 2, 4, 8 h 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30
2 a 2, 3, 4, 12 b 5, 10, 20, 35 c 2, 10, 12, 20, 4, 8, 18, 24
d 5, 35 e 3, 5, 11, 7, 21, 35 f 2, 5, 10, 20, 4, 8
3 a2 b3 c6 d6
4 a 3(x + 2) b 2(t + 3) c 4(n + 2) d 2(q + 4)
e 3(x – 3) f 4(p – 1) g 5(y – 2) h 3(t – 4)
i 2(4 + x) j 4(3 + k) k 6(2 – t) l 3(5 – k)
5 a 3(t + 3) b 2(m + 2) c 5(p + 1) d 4(m + 3)
e 6(k – 3) f 3(n – 2) g 2(x – 4) h 3(q – 5)
i 5(2 + x) j 4(4 + h) k 3 (4 – t) l 6(3 – k)
6 a4 b 2t + 1 c2 d 3 − 2y
7 a 4(x + 2) b 6(t + 2) c 4(3 − 2p) d 4(5 − 4t)
8 a 2(2t + 3) b 3(2x + 3) c 2(4t + 3) d 3(3x + 2)
e 3(3x – 1) f 5(2t + 1) g 4(2x + 1) h 3(4t + 3)
i 4(3t + 2) j 2(4x + 1) k 3(5t + 4) l 8(3x – 2)
9 a 2(8x + 5) b 7(2x – 1) c 5(3y + 5) d 5(2y – 1)
e 3(5m – 6) f 4(2t + 5) g 4(3t – 2) h 4(3 + 4k)

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
 i 2(5 – 6y) j 6(5 – m) k 5(7 + 2k) l 7(3q + 2)
10 a She hasn't used the HCF.
b It is a correct factorisation but it isn't fully factorised.

Investigation: Interesting numbers

A–D Answers will vary depending on the numbers chosen.
E 22
F a pupils’ own work
b The answer is always 22.

Exercise 2C
1 am=4 b y = 12 c k = −4 d n = 15
ek=8 f x = 11 gy=8 ht=9
2 at=3 b t = 10 cm=9 dx=0
ey=1 f p = 10 gt=6 hk=7
iq=8 jt=1 k m = 11 l g = 10
m t = 15 n n = 11 oy=2 p q = 14
3 a m = −1 b t = −2 c n = −5 dq =3
e t = −2 f k = −2 g p = −5 h t = −2
i a = −1 j t = −1 k h = −1 lp=4
m d = −4 n x = −4 o t = −2 p m = −4
4 a i 2(x + 5) = 24 ii x = 7 b i 2(x + 5) = 36 ii x = 13
c i 5x = 75 ii x = 15 d 42 cm
5 a i 5(8 + t) = 85 ii t = 9 b i 5(8 + t) = 90 ii t = 10
c i 5(8 + t) = 15 ii t = 7 d t = 12
6 a i 180(n − 2) = 180 ii n = 3 iii triangle
b i 180(n − 2) = 1080 ii n = 8 iii octagon
c i 180(n − 2) = 1260 ii n = 9 iii nonagon
d 12
Challenge: Primes from primes
A Yes, all prime numbers greater than 2 are odd so adding them together will give an even
number. No even number greater than 2 is prime.
B yes, for example 3 + 5 + 11 = 19

Exercise 2D
1 at=5 bm=4 cy=4 d p = 11 e x = 5 f q = 4
gn=8 ha=3 i h = 12 jn=6 kx=4 lq=9
2 a x = 20 b x = 27 c x = 12 d x = 25
ex=8 fx=8 g x = 21 h x = 20
3 at=7 bx=8 c m = 10 d x = 7
e k = −1 f t = 17 gx=9 h y = 28
4 at=7 bx=8 cm=7 dt=6
ek=3 f t = 45 gx=5 h y = 19
5 d is the odd one out with a solution of x = −6. All the rest have the solution x = 6.
n n
6 a 3 b 3 =7 c n = 21
n2 n2
7 a 5 b 5 = 3 c n = 13 d 28
1
8 Multiplying by 5 and dividing by 5 are the same. In both cases the solution is x = −3.
Mathematical reasoning: Making equations

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
A pupils’ own checks
B ax=9
x−5=4
2(x − 5) = 8
2( x  5)
4 =2
b pupils’ own checks
C pupils’ own equations

Exercise 2E
1 a 12 cm b 6 cm c 39 cm
2 a 540° b 720°
3 a £44 b £70
4 a £30 b £43
5 a £17 000 b £16 000 c £10 000
6 a 200 m/s b 330 m/s
7 a 10 cm² b 42 m²
8 a £270 b £210
Activity: Using a flowchart
A pupils’ own checks
B The next 8 values are 6.6875, 6.265625, 5.94921875, 5.711914063, 5.533935547,
5.40045166, 5.300338745 and 5.225254059.
C The answer is getting closer to 5 each time.
D no

Chapter 2: Answers to Review questions

1 a 8p b 9x c 11q d 11t
e 12n f 9p g 6m h 6a
i 7h j 3g k 3n l 5t
2 a P = 3t + 8 b P = 4x + 9 c P = 11m + 8
3 a 3, 5, 15 b 3, 15, 18, 9, 36 c 25, 4, 9, 36, 49
d 2, 3, 5, 7, 31 e 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 4 f 2, 5, 10, 25, 4
4 at=4 b x = 16 cm=7 d p = 13
e t = 10 fy=8 gn=6 h q = 11
5 am=6 bp=6 cx=5 dq=9
e x = 12 f x = 20 g x = 27 h x = 24
6 a 3m + 15 b 3t + 21 c 2x – 10 d 4t – 12
e 14 + 2y f 12 – 4h g 20 – 4t h 10 – 5t
7 a 2(3t + 2) b 3(3x + 4) c 4(t + 2) d 4(3x + 2)
e 3(3x – 2) f 5(3t + 1) g 2(x + 3) h 7(2t + 1)
i 6(3t + 2) j 2(5x + 3) k 4(4t + 3) l 3(2x – 3)
8 a3 b 4t + 3 c 5(2 − 3t)
9 am=1 b t = 15 cx=4 d y = 27
en=2 f k = 23 g x = −1 h t = 23
n3 n3
10 a 4 b 4 =2 cn=5 d n = 25
11 a £25 b £38.50

Chapter 2: Answers to Financial skills – Wedding day

1 £505

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
2 £764
3 £17 970
4 £3395
5 £22 634

Exercise 3A
1 a hexagon b decagon c pentagon
d octagon e nonagon f heptagon
2 a yes, pentagon b no c yes, octagon
d no e yes, heptagon
3 a no b yes c yes d yes e no
4 a convex b convex c concave d concave c convex
5 a for example b for example

c You would end up with a rectangle or a square.

6 a AB is parallel to ED and AF is parallel to CD and BC is parallel to FE.
b AB is parallel to FE and BC is parallel to GF and CD is parallel to HG and DE is
parallel to AH.
Investigation: Overlapping squares
A Polygon A is a quadrilateral, polygon B is a triangle and polygon C is a hexagon.
B Polygon A is a hexagon, polygon B is a quadrilateral and polygon C is a hexagon.
C for example: triangle, quadrilateral, pentagon, hexagon and heptagon

Exercise 3B
1 A hexagon can be split into 4 triangles.
So the sum of the interior angles of a hexagon is given by: 4 × 180° = 720°
2 A heptagon can be split into 5 triangles.
So the sum of the interior angles of a heptagon is given by: 5 × 180° = 900°
3 An octagon can be split into 6 triangles.
So the sum of the interior angles of an octagon is given by: 6 × 180° = 1080°
4
Name of Number of Number of triangles Sum of interior
polygon sides inside polygon angles
Triangle 3 1 180º
Quadrilateral 4 2 360°
Pentagon 5 3 540°
Hexagon 6 4 720°
Heptagon 7 5 900°
Octagon 8 6 1080°
Nonagon 9 7 1260°

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
 Decagon 10 8 1440°
5 The sum of the interior angles of a hexagon is 720°.
So a = 720° – 150° – 70° – 140° – 130° – 120° = 110°.
6 a 100° b 125 c 290°
7 120
Problem solving: Polygons and diagonals
A

7(7  3) 7×4 28 8(8  3) 8×5 40

B ad= 2 = 2 = 2 = 14 bd= 2 = 2 = 2 = 20
C
Number of sides Name of polygon Number of diagonals
3 triangle 0
4 quadrilateral 2
5 pentagon 5
6 hexagon 9
7 heptagon 14
8 octagon 20
9 nonagon 27
10 decagon 35

Exercise 3C
1 a 720° b 120°
2 a 1080° b 135°
3
Name of polygon Number of sides Sum of interior Size of each
angles interior angle
Triangle 3 180° 60°
Quadrilateral 4 360° 90°
Pentagon 5 540° 108°
Hexagon 6 720° 120°
Octagon 8 1080° 135°
Nonagon 9 1260° 140°
Decagon 10 1440° 144°
4 a 108° b isosceles c 36° d 36° e 36°
5 30°
6 a 10 b 10 × 180° = 1800° c 1800° ÷ 12 = 150°
Challenge: Interior angles in a regular heptagon
4
128 7 °

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Chapter 3: Answers to Review questions
1 a i hexagon ii pentagon iii decagon iv octagon
b i convex ii concave iii convex iv concave
2 c is the odd one out as it is the only regular hexagon.
3 a no b yes c yes d yes e no
4 a ii 720° iii 900° iv 1080°
b i 140° ii 100° iii 130° iv 117°
5 67.5°
6 36°, 72°, 108°, 144°, 180°

Chapter 3: Answers to Activity – Regular polygons and tessellations

1 no
2 yes
3 no
4 yes, yes, no, yes, no

Exercise 4A
1 a positive correlation b no correlation
2 a positive correlation b no correlation
3 a negative correlation
b negative correlation
6 a b
4 a

b negative correlation
c Draw a line of best fit through the points
on the graph and see what temperature 8
corresponds to 22 gulls.
5

Investigation: Comparing marks

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
pupils’ own answers, for example:
Mathematics/Science positive correlation,
Mathematics/Art positive correlation

Exercise 4B
1 a 3 km b 30 minutes
c This section of the graph is steeper.
d He has missed the return journey, which is also 8 km.
2 a6 b 12
c He could be correct, as the shortest throw is between 0 and 1 metre.
d Yes, the total number of throws is 21.
3 a No, just under half of the pie chart represents daffodils.
b You would need to measure the angles for crocuses and anemones.
4 a Andy b Duncan
c We only know percentages, not the actual number of games.
d David, as he has the lowest percentage of wins and the highest number of losses.
e for example, the number of games may vary greatly between each of the managers;
also, the levels of the matches being played could be very different
5 a Daisy Down Farm and Bannerdale b Dale farm
c Yes, even though two of the farms had decreased in size, the total number of cows
had increased by 202.
Challenge: Off their trolley
pupils’ own diagrams

Exercise 4C
1 a3 b1 c Neil and Paul
2 a Philip and Kevin b Brian and Malcolm – Brian won c Pete and David
3 a3 b 28 c 15 d7
4 a Reikie b Jana c It is easy to see how many games each person won.
d It allows you to see which games each person won. e pupils’ own tables
5 a As the pupils get older, the number having school lunch decreases.
b Between Y7 and Y8 the reduction is 23, which is the greatest change.
c For example, 68. This reduces the number again but by a smaller amount than
between Y8 and Y9.
6 a The differences (boys − girls) are: 4%, 3%, 3%, −3%, −3%, −2%.
b At age 10 a higher percentage of boys have android phones, but from age 13 a higher
percentage of girls have them.
Activity: A tall story
A

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
B Yes, as there are more boys in the two tallest categories (although it could be argued
that this is just because there are more boys than girls overall).

Exercise 4D
1 a 14 b winter c Yes, as 6 girls chose spring but only 2 boys did.
2 a Both plants had 42 tomatoes.
b The blue light had no effect on the overall number of tomatoes.
3 a Yes, both schools have the same number of pupils and the cycling sector for Conchord
Park is slightly larger than for Bradway school.
b The sector for 'Walk' is twice the size.
c For example, pupils live closer to the school or the school is not on a bus route.
4 For example, a higher proportion of children attended the brass band than the rock band.
5 The pupils found the reading test harder, as there were less high marks recorded for this
test.
6 a The highest percentage of buses are late between 9 am and 12 noon. This percentage
decreases as the day goes on.
b You would expect the majority of buses to be on time.
7 a Peppa Pig b The Beano c pupils’ own diagrams
Activity: How many?
A

B Around 2048
C UK around 62 million, falling slowly; Afghanistan around 70 million, increasing rapidly

Exercise 4E
Science plan
1 investigate
2 car
3 engine
4 not
5 books
7 petrol, bias
9 nearest

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Geography plan
1 compare
3 housing
4 incomes
5 internet
6 average
8 information
12 sample, mean
Investigation: On your bike
pupils’ own work

Chapter 4: Answers to Review questions

1 a Iain had more pupils vote yes and Duncan had more pupils vote no.
b Charts will vary but the frequencies used should be Yes 27, No 22, Don't know 11.
2 a Yes, the sector for Indian men is twice the size of the sector for Indian women.
3 5
b No, 8 of the visitors are female and 8 are male.
3 a 100
b Nearly half of the seeds produced 8–9 potatoes when grown in straw, so growing in
straw was effective.
4 a

b positive correlation
c around 100
d (20, 150) for the last match – suitable reason such as the last match of the season

Chapter 4: Answers to Challenge – Rainforest deforestation

1

2 It was decreasing every year.

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3 It was increasing every year.
4 a economic growth b economic slowdown
5 As the economy grows so does the rate of deforestation.
6 cattle ranches
7 20%
8

Exercise 5A
1 a 9.4 cm b 17.3 cm c 21.4 cm
d 6.3 m e 11.0 m f 13.5 m
2 a 18.8 cm b 22.0 cm c 45.2 cm
d 31.4 m e 40.8 m f 54.7 m
3
Coi Diameter (mm) Circumference
n
1p 20.3 64 mm
2p 25.9 81 mm
5p 18 57 mm
10p 24.5 77 mm
£1 22.5 71 mm
£2 28.4 89 mm
4 200 m
5 The square has the greatest perimeter. It is 4 × 5 = 20 cm while the circle is
6 ×  = 18.8 cm.
6 239 m
Problem solving: To calculate the perimeter of a semicircle
A 7.7 cm
B 25.7 cm

Exercise 5B
1 a 12.6 cm² b 78.5 cm² c 162.9 cm²
d 3.1 m² e 0.3 m² f 91.6 m²
2 a 19.6 cm² b 38.5 cm² c 55.4 cm²
d 28.3 m² e 95.0 m² f 113.1 m²
3 254 mm²
4 Jenny has used the circumference formula.
Area =  × r²
=  × 16
= 16  cm²
5 The areas are 28.27 cm² and 113.10 cm², so Jackson is wrong. The area of his circle is
4 times the area of Finlay’s circle.
6 346 cm²
7 31 cm²

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Problem solving: Area of a semicircle
A 14.1 cm²
B 39.3 c
Exercise 5C
1 18.8 m
2 4.5 m²
3 40 200 km
4 2 bottles
5 a 11 310 cm² b 1.13 m²
6 400 m

Chapter 5: Answers to Review questions

1 a i 31.4 cm ii 78.5 cm²
b i 37.7 cm ii 113.1 cm²
c i 25.1 m ii 50.3 m²
2 a 12.6 cm b 12.6 cm²
Only the units are different.
3 1260 m
4 The circle – it has an area of 201 cm², while the area of the rectangle is 200 cm².
5 a 9.4 cm b 530
6 15.9 cm

Chapter 5: Answers to Financial skills – Athletics stadium

1 a 6.3 m b 3.1 m² c £99
2 a 353 m² b £21 000
3 a 3200 m² b £11 500
4 a 12 m³ b £540
5 a 1.6 m³ b £80

Exercise 6A
1 a3 b2 c4 d5
2 b, they are the only pair that are enlargements of each other
3 DE = 12 cm, EF = 9 cm, DF = 12 cm
4 EF = 10 cm, FG = 16 cm, GH = 22 cm, HE = 16 cm
5 a rectangle B
b rectangle C, 4 × 5 cm = 20 cm, but 4 × 9 cm = 36 cm, not 32 cm
6 10
Challenge: Algebra with enlargements
A x = 8 cm
B x = 5 cm

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Exercise 6B
1 a b 5

c Reasoning: Reductions
A

Exercise 6C
1 a b c d

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2 a b

3 a vertices at (8, 6), (8, 2), (4, 2)

b DE = 12 cm, EF = 9 cm, DF = 12 cm
c vertices at (3, 9), (6, 9), (6, 6), (9, 6), (9, 9), (12, 9), (12, 3), (3, 3)
d vertices at (0, 8), (8, 8), (8, 12), (12, 6), (8, 0), (8, 4), (0, 4)
4 vertices at (6, 12), (12, 12), (9, 3), (3, 3)
5 a2 b (9, 1)
6 a

b 4 cm2 c 16 cm2 d 36 cm2 e 64 cm2

f the area scale factor is the square of the scale factor
Activity: Enlarged stickmen
Check pupils’ posters.

Chapter 6: Answers to Review questions

1 a2 b4
2 C is the odd one out. A, B and D are all enlargements/similar.
3 a b

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5

6 a A(2, 4), B(4, 4), C(4, 2), D(2, 2 b Check pupils’ drawings.
c Aʹ(4, 8), Bʹ(8, 8), Cʹ(8, 4), Dʹ(4, 4)
d Aʹʹ(6, 12), Bʹʹ(12, 12), Cʹʹ(12, 6), Dʹʹ(6, 6)

Chapter 6: Answers to Problem solving – Photographs

1 £191.25
2 a 13 square inches b 11 square inches c 22 square inches
3 12ʹʹ × 8ʹʹ and 6ʹʹ × 4ʹʹ, with a scale factor of 2
4 a 6ʹʹ × 4ʹʹ and 7ʹʹ × 5ʹʹ b Fast Print, £4.50
5 a
6ʹʹ × 4ʹʹ 6:4 6 ÷ 4 = 1.5 1.5 : 1

7ʹʹ × 5ʹʹ 7:5 7 ÷ 5 = 1.4 1.4 : 1

8ʹʹ × 6ʹʹ 8:6 8 ÷ 6 = 1.33 1.33 : 1

12ʹʹ × 8ʹʹ 12 : 8 12 ÷ 8 = 1.5 1.5 : 1

13ʹʹ × 8ʹʹ 13 : 8 13 ÷ 8 = 1.625 1.625 : 1

b the 13ʹʹ × 8ʹʹ print

Chapter 7 answers
Exercise 7A
9 2 6 5
1 a 12 b 10 c 9 d 10
36 24 4 4
e 40 f 28 g 32 h 32
2 2 3 2 6 2
2 a 7 b 9 c 5 d 3 e 10 = 3
4 1 6 2 6 1 6 3
f 8 = 2 g 9 = 3 h 12 = 2 i 8 = 4
4 4 2 1 4 2
3 a 7 b 9 c 5 d 3 e 10 = 5
2 1 3 1 6 1 10 2
f 8 = 4 g 9 = 3 h 12 = 2 i 15 = 3
3 3 1 4 2 1 4 5
4 a 10 b 6 + 6 = 6 = 3 c 8 + 8 = 8
2 1 3 6 1 7 6 1 7
d 4 + 4 = 4 e 8 + 8 = 8 f 10 + 10 = 10
5 2 7 2 1 3 9 4 13
g 12 + 12 = 12 h 14 + 14 = 14 i 15 + 15 = 15
9 2 7 2 1 1 4 1 3
5 a 10 − 10 = 10 b 6 − 6 = 6 c 8 − 8 = 8
2 1 1 6 1 5 8 1 7
d 4 − 4 = 4 e 8 − 8 = 8 f 10 − 10 = 10

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
 11 10 1 2 1 1 12 2 10 2
g 12 − 12 = 12 h 14 − 14 = 14 i 15 − 15 = 15 = 3
9 5 19 7
6 a 20 b 8 c 20 d 18
1 7 11 1
e 20 f 24 g 20 h 6
2
7 a 3 b 100
1
8 a 6 b 200
7 3
9 a 8 b 8
2 2 11
10 The perimeter is 3 + 8 = 12 m, so Eve is correct.
31 1 7 17
11 a 40 b 40 c 20 d 40
Challenge: Interesting fractions
3 3 3
A a 4 b 8 c 16
3
B 32
4 4 4
C a 9 b 27 c 81
1 1 4
D 81 + 243 = 243

Exercise 7B
1 a9 b 23 c 30 d7
e 11 f7 g9 h7
1
2 3 of 30 → 10
1
4 of 24 → 6
1
5 of 35 → 7
2
3 of 27 → 18
3
4 of 36 → 27
3 a4 b8 c 10 d 30
e2 f 10 g2 h 14
4 £200
5 18
1 1 3 4
6 a 12 b 10 c 16 d 15
3 3 5 21
e 16 f 10 g 12 h 40
3 5 15 3 4 12
7 4 × 8 = 32 , which is bigger than 8 × 5 = 40 .
1 1 1 1 1 1
8 Andrew is correct: 2 of 2 = 4 , while 4 of 4 = 16 .
Investigation: Multiplication of fractions
2 4 3
A a 5 b 5 c 5
12 6 4
B a 5 b 7 c 5
Maths Frameworking 3rd edition © HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2014
Pupil Book 3.1 answers
 16 20 8
C a 5 b 7 c 5
32 15 6
D a 5 b 7 c 7
1 2 6
E a 5 b 5 c 7
10
F a 1000 b 1000 c 7

Exercise 7C
3 4 3
1 a 8 b 15 c 40
3 1 3 5 1 5 3 1 3
d 5 × 4 = 20 e 6 × 2 = 12 f 10 × 4 = 40
4 1 4 4 1 4 7 1 7
g 9 × 9 = 27 h 5 × 7 = 35 i 10 × 5 = 50
15 12 18
2 a 8 b 10 c 40
3 3 9 5 5 25 3 8 24
d 5 × 2 = 10 e 6 × 2 = 12 f 10 × 5 = 50
3 5 15 5 3 15 7 9 63
g 8 × 2 = 16 h 8 × 2 = 16 i 10 × 4 = 40
2 10 3 12 5 15
3 a 5 × 1 = 1 = 10 b 4 × 1 = 1 = 12 c 3 × 1 = 1 = 15
4 24 5 40 4 12 1
d 6 × 1 = 1 = 24 e 8 × 1 = 1 = 40 f 3 × 1 = 1 = 123 ÷
5
6 42 3 15 3
g 7 × 1 = 1 = 42 h 5 × 1 = 1 = 153 ÷
5
3 15 3 21 5 20 5 40
4 a5× 2 = 2 b7× 2 = 2 c4× 3 = 3 d8× 2 = 2
3 30 4 16 8 48 8 72
e 10 × 2 = 2 f4× 3 = 3 g6× 5 = 5 h9× 5 = 5
5 35 5 20 3 24 5 45
5 a7× 3 = 3 b4× 2 = 2 c8× 2 = 2 d9× 2 = 2
5 25 8 40 9 36 8 56
e5× 2 = 2 f5× 3 = 3 g4× 5 = 5 h7× 3 = 3
15 3
6 a ii has the smallest answer of 4 (3 4 ).
20 2
b i and iii both have the largest answer of 3 (6 3 ).
7 12 lengths
9 7 9
8 no, as 25 ÷ 10 = 27 9 (or 30 × 10 cm = 27 cm)
1 3 3
9 5 ÷ 3 = 5 × 1 = 15 ≠ 5 , so James is correct.
Challenge: Algebra with fractions
A a 200 b 300 c 50
B a 300 b 800 c 12.5

Chapter 7: Answers to Review questions

4 4 2 4 1
1 a 5 b 10 = 5 c 8 = 2
4 1 4 2 3 1
d 8 = 2 e 10 = 5 f 9 = 3

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
2 a7 b 24 c 32 d 10
e 12 f5 g 12 h9
1
3 3 of 24 → 8
1
4 of 12 → 3
1
10 of 60 → 6
2
5 of 25 → 10
3
4 of 20 → 15
4 5 3 16 21
4 a 35 b 12 c 20 d 15 e 20
5 5 25 4 5 20 5 9 45 7 5 35
f 8 × 3 = 24 g 7 × 3 = 21 h 6 × 8 = 48 i 8 × 4 = 32
5 40 9 18 7 21 8 48
5 a8× 3 = 3 b2× 5 = 5 c3× 4= 4 d6× 5 = 5
4 44 7 35 8 72 12 120
e 11 × 3 = 3 f5× 3= 3 g9× 7 = 7 h 10 × 11 = 11
3 4 6 15
6 a 10 b 15 c 50 d 64
5 6 14 27
e 18 f 20 g 24 h 50
2 5 10 2 3 6
7 3 of 8 = 24 , which is bigger than 5 of 8 ( 40 ).
3
8 a 20 b 840
3
9 120 × 4 = 90 m, so she has enough wire.
1 1 1 1 1
10 David is correct as 4 × 3 = 3 × 4 = 12 .

Chapter 7: Answers to Problem solving – The 2016 Olympic Games in Rio

1 17 days
2 a nearly 5250 b almost 7875 c about 2625
1
3 4
9
4 34
5 a i 18 ii 12 iii 3
1
b 12
6 $216 million
1
7 3
8 3 300 000

Exercise 8A
1 a 7x b 10a c 9t d 9y
e 6m f 4k g 6n h –4p
2 a 10m b 9y c 12t d 14p
e 14n f 9p g 11t h 6e
i 6k j 3h k 2m l 6t
Maths Frameworking 3rd edition © HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2014
Pupil Book 3.1 answers
3 a 9x b 12a c 20t d 12y e 15k
f 12t g 21x h 10m i 24t j 24y
4 a 4t + 12 b 2x + 12 c 16m – 8 d 10k – 15
e 9 + 6x f 20 – 12k g 14 – 6y h 15 – 3x
5 a xy + 2x b 3am + 2m c 2kp + 4k d 6mn + 3n
e 5t + 4qt f 3g + 4gh g 7h + 5gh h 3k + 2dk
i 4ab – 3a j 5c – 4cd k 2f – 3fm l 5b – 4ab
m 5ad + 3d n 7ef + 3e o 3xy + 2y p 2pq + 5p
q 3q – 4pq r 6t – 3st s 8w – 5kw t 3n – 2mn
6 a A = xy + 5y b A = 2mx + 3m c A = 6d + 3ad
d A = 2ak + 3k e A = 3n + 5ny f A = 5pq + 6q
7 a 4x² b 5a² c 6t² d 4y² e 2k²
f 5t² g 8x² h 3m² i 4t² j 5y²
8 a x² + 2x b 3m² + 2m c 4k² + k d 4n² + 3n
e 6t + 2t² f g + 4g² g 3h + 5h² h 2d + 3d²
i 5a² – 2a j 3c – 4c² k 5t – 3t² l 7b – 4b²
m 8d² + 7ad n 5e² + 3e o 2xy + 3y² p 5p + 4p²
q 7q² – 5q r 2t² – 5t s 3w² – 4w t 8n² – 5n
9 a A = 4m² + 3m b A = 6t + 3t² c A = 3k² + k
d A = 4x + 3x² e A = 2g² + 7g f A = 3n + 2n²
10 3x² and 5x are not like terms, so cannot be added together
Challenge: Mixed letters
A 9
B x−1

Exercise 8B
1 a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 b 1, 5, 7, 35 c 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 20, 40
d 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28 e 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36 f 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
g 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28 h 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50
2 a 1, 2, x, 2x b 1, 3, m, 3m c 1, 2, 4, t, 2t, 4t d 1, 5, y, 5y
e 1, 3, x, 3x, x², 3x2 f 1, 2, m, 2m, m², 2m2 g 1, 5, t, 5t, t², 5t2 h 1, 3, k, 3k
3 at bq cx da
et fq gx ha
4 a m(x + 2) b m(t + 3) c p(n + 2)
d x(x – 3) e p(p – 1) f y(y – 2)
g k(4 + x) h k(3 + k) i x(2 – t)
5 a t(3 + m) b x(2 + y) c p(5 + q)
d k(6 – k) e n(n – 5) f x(x – 8)
g x(5 + x) h h(1 + h) i t(2 – 3t)
6 ax bp ct+5 d4−y
7 a x² + 5x = x(x + 5) b 6m + mt = m(6 + t) c 3y² + 2y = y(3y + 2)
8 a t(4t + 5) b x(6x + 1) c 2(3t + 2)
d x(3x – m) e t(5t + k) f 3(3x + 2)
g t(5 + 8t) h x(3x – 2) i 5(2t + 3)
9 For example, find the highest common factor, which is p, and write this outside the
brackets. Then divide 12p² and 5p by p to get the terms in the brackets.
So 12p² + 5p = p(12p + 5).
Investigation: An age-old problem
Andrew’s grandpa was 27 when Andrew’s dad was born.

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Exercise 8C
1 a 10m b 12y c 8t d 16p
e 12n f 13p g 8t h 4e
i0 j –h k –2m l 6t
2 a 10t + 8g b 9x + 5y c 6m + 4k d 6x + 8y
e 3m + 3p f 4n + 9t g 9k + 2g h 3d + 6b
i 3q + 2p j 8g + 2k k 8x – 6y l 2e – 4d
3 a 4y + 12 b 6a + 8 c 10p + 15 d 6m + 9
e 4t + 3qt f 2g + 5gh g 3h + 7gh h 4k + 3dk
i 3a² – 3a j 4c – c² k 2f – 3f ² l 5b – 4b²
m 15a + 10 n 5ef + e o y² + 4y p 2p² + 3p
4 a 9x + 14 b 20k + 33 c 16t + 23 d 18q + 11
e 26h + 8 f 34 + 9f g 18 + y h 27t – 36
5 a 4x + 9 b 2k + 18 c 12t + 9 d 2q + 5
e 4h + 46 f w + 37 g 11x – 9 h 6t – 21
6 a 6x² + 8x b 5p² + 5p c 7k² + 7k d 5d² + 8d
e 8n² + n f 8f ² + f g 3p² – 9p h 9y² – 5y
7 a 4x² + 4x b 3p² + 3p c 2k² + k d 3f ²+ 9f
e 4n² + 7n f 3f ²+ 9f g 3p² + 4p h 2y² + 4y
8 yes, 3(x + 5) + x(x + 5) = 3x + 15 + x² + 5x = x² + 8x + 15
Challenge: All legs and heads
There are 22 more cows (36) than chickens (14).

Chapter 8: Answers to Review questions

1 a 8p b 13x c 12q d 9t
e 10n f 10p g 6m h 4a
ih j –2g kn l –3t
2 a 8x + 3 b 12t − 1 c 10t + 13
3 a 2m + 8 b 4t + 20 c 3x – 21 d 5t – 10
e 3m + my f 3t – th g 5x – 2tx h 2k –3kt
4 a A = 3t + 12 b A = tx − 3t c A = m² + 4m d A = t² + 3t
5 a 2(3t + 5) b 3(x + 2) c t(5 – 2m)
d x(6 – y) e t(4 – 5p) f x(3 + m)
g t(5 + 3) h x(2x + 7) i t(4t – m)
6 at bx+4 cm−p
7 a t(t − 8) = t² − 8t
The correct factorisation is t(8 − t).
b The common factor is p, not m.
The correct factorisation is p(3m + 2p).
c This one is correct.
8 a 11x + 23 b 14k + 21 c 18t + 16 d 13q + 21
e 2h + 13 f –w + 18 g 6x – 2 h 2t + 8
9 a 8x² + 8x b 9p² + 5p c 7k² + 7k d 5d² + 8d
e 3n² + 2n f 3f ²+ 7f g p² + p h 2y² + 3y
10 Find the common factor, which is t, and write this outside the brackets. Then work out
what you need to multiply this by to get 5t² − 2t. So t(5t − 2).

Chapter 8: Answers to Challenge – California Gold

1 a 128 years b 167 years
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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
2 a 30 grams b 15x grams c 21 405 grams (21.4 kg)
3 a £56 b £28y c £599 340
4 a £1 200 000 b £600 000w c £856 200 000
5 Mrs T is correct, as the total value could be £0.856 billion.
6 The coins are worth more as they are. Each coin is worth more than the total value as
gold.

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Chapter 9 answers
Exercise 9A
1 a 199.2 b 199.2 c 19.92 d 0.1992
2 a 80 b 80 c8 d 0.8
3 a 13 b 20.4 c 19.64 d 30.6
e 220.5 f 179.2 g 87.6 h 76.4
4 a5 b7 c 30 d6
e7 f 80 g 10 h 40
5 a 20 b 14 c 60 d 30
e 28 f 240 g 40 h 200
6 a 0.18 b 0.25 c 0.63 d 0.36
e 0.72 f 0.42 g 0.4 h 0.16
i 0.49 j 0.27 k 0.32 l 0.06
7 a 492 b i 0.492 ii 0.492
8 a 1.26 m² b 2.53 m²
9 £20.60
10 £187.50
Investigation: Mystical multiplication
A a1 b 0.49 c 0.09 d 0.4 e 0.4
B They are the same.
C pupils’ own work
D In each case d and e give the same answer. When x + y = 1, then x² − y² = x – y.

Exercise 9B
1 a 570 b 6900 c 78 000
d 714 000 e 80 200 f 3150
2 a 74.8 b 3.29 c 0.473
d 0.058 e 0.85 f 1.7
3 a 143 b 3620 c 57 300
d 32 140 e 1285 f 391.7
4 a 0.634 b 0.473 c 0.0663
d 0.0027 e 0.0376 f 7.193
5 a 115 b 0.637 c 42 300
d 0.003 65 e 107 f 0.914
g 41 h 0.038 i 7400
6 a 0.1 b 0.01 c 0.001
d 0.000 01 e 0.000 001
7 a 10–2 b 10−3 c 10−1 d 10−4 e 10−7
8 a 960 b 18 c 20 460 d 1297
9 a 8160 b 710 c 824 600 d 29 660
10 a 0.77 b 0.063 c 51.46 d 23.58
11 a 0.186 b 0.0184 c 2.185 d 0.346
12
Population Land mass per person (km2)
Singapore Five million 14.2 × 10–5 = 0.000 142
Hong Seven million 15.7 × 10–5 = 0.000 157
Kong
Belgium Eleven million 27.3 × 10–4 = 0.00 273
Japan 127 million 29.9 × 10–4 = 0.00 299

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Activity: Prefixes
A Use suitable prefixes to write each quantity in a simpler form.
a 3 megawatts b 5 kilometres c 3 gigabytes
d 7 centigrams e 4 millimetres f 5.5 microlitres
B approximately 30 centimetres

Exercise 9C
1 a 1.3 b 24.2 c 9.0 d 31.1
e 1.9 f 5.1 g 2.0 h 4.3
2 a 3.26 b 35.19 c 7.04 d 42.14
e 2.89 f 6.15 g 3.97 h 7.26
3 a i 1.3 ii 1.28 b i 46.2 ii 46.17
c i 6.8 ii 6.84 d i 17.1 ii 17.14
e i 4.0 ii 4.00 f i 7.1 ii 7.07
g i 2.8 ii 2.75 h i 2.2 ii 2.15
4 a 4 + 8 = 12 b 8 + 2 = 10 c7–2=5 d7–3=4
e 6 × 8 = 48 f 9 × 9 = 81 g8÷2=4 h9÷3=3
5 a 30 + 70 = 100 b 70 + 30 = 100 c 80 – 30 = 50 d 60 – 20 = 40
e 70 × 70 = 4900 f 80 × 80 = 6400 g 60 ÷ 30 = 2 h 80 ÷ 20 = 4
6 a 300 + 100 = 400 b 800 + 40 = 840 c 800 – 100 = 700
d 500 – 80 = 420 e 200 × 100 = 20 000 f 300 × 40 = 12 000
g 200 ÷ 40 = 5 h 400 ÷ 20 = 5
7 Note that each answer must be accompanied by a sensible reason.
a ii, 60 mph b ii, 23° c i, 50 kg d ii, 4 minutes
e i, 12.8 seconds f ii, 2 km
Activity: Rounding
8.3 × 3.9 = 32.37, as 8 × 4 = 32
11.4 ÷ 1.5 = 7.6, as 12 ÷ 2 = 6
9.3 × 6.1 = 56.73, as 9 × 6 = 54
84 ÷ 3.2 = 26.25, as 90 ÷ 3 = 30

Exercise 9D
1 a 0.2 b 0.3 c 0.6 d 0.7
e 0.3 f 0.6 g 0.6 h 0.8
2 a 0.18 b 0.09 c 0.04 d 0.05
e 0.04 f 0.09 g 0.09 h 0.07
3 a 1.21 b 0.65 c 1.61 d 0.95
e 0.87 f 0.89 g 0.61 h 0.32
4 a 9.01 b 7.59 c 5.76 d 5.46
e 3.06 f 11.02 g 2.36 h 1.28
5 a 8.05 b 1.46 c 3.3 d 1.88
e 8.65 f 4.825 g 5.24 h 2.65
6 1.08 cm
7 £0.47
8 2.08 km/h
9 0.46 m
10 £1.35
Investigation: Spot the link
A a 6.85 b 685 c 6.85 d 0.685
B a 46 b 4.6 c 0.46 d 46

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Exercise 9E
1 any two odd numbers with a sum of 48, for example: 1 and 47 or 23 and 25
2 42
3 4
4 a5 b5 c 7 or 23
d any two numbers with a difference of 15, for example: 3 and 18 or −1 and 14
5 6 × 45p = £2.70, so the multipack is the cheaper way to buy them.
6 53 years old
7 the mass of the odd-numbered counters → 5 × 6
the total mass of the counters → 10 × 6
the mass of the counters that are not green → (5 + 2) × 6
8 60
9 £1
10 Rebecca is 12 years old and Oliver is 24.
11 1.5p
Investigation: Magic square
A

B the four centre squares

If you split the 4 by 4 square into four 2 by 2 squares along its axes of symmetry, then
each of the 2 by 2 squares adds up to the magic number.
the middle 2 squares of the top row plus the middle 2 squares of the bottom row
the middle 2 squares of the left hand column plus the middle two squares of the right
hand column

Chapter 9: Answers to Review questions

1 a 680 b 7400 c 92 000 d 71 300
e 85.9 f 1.18 g 0.584 h 3.9
2 any two odd numbers that add up to 56, for example: 1 and 45 or 23 and 33
3 a 2.4 b 23.2 c 8.2 d 38.4 e 4.0
4 a 3.37 b 35.08 c 7.15 d 42.03 e 1.00
5 a 1.6 m b 1.35 m c 160 cm
6 The six-pack is a better value at 21.7p per tin. The four-pack costs 22.5p per tin.
7 Brushup is cheaper (£25) than Kleengo (£29).
8 a 18.5 b 25.8 c 23.28 d 36.2
e9 f 30 g 70 h 80
−1 −2
9 a 10 –3
b 10 c 10 d 10−5 e 10−6
10 a 0.28 b 0.64 c 0.45 d 0.21 e 0.99

Maths Frameworking 3rd edition © HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2014

Pupil Book 3.1 answers
11
Populatio Land mass per person (km2)
n
Vatican City 826 53.3 × 10–5 = 0.000 533
Gibraltar 31 000 21.9 × 10–5 = 0.000 219
Monaco 33 000 59 × 10–6 = 0.000 059
Bermuda 65 000 8.2 × 10–4 = 0.000 82
12 Answers may vary from those given provided each answer is accompanied by a valid
reason.
a ii 90 km/h b ii 75° c ii 1.2 kg d ii 30 minutes

Chapter 9: Answers to Mathematical reasoning – Paper
1 2500
2 10 cm
3
A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
118 840 594 420 297 210
8
840 594 420 297 210 149
4 16
5 a £10.80 b £14 c £14.40
6 £33.60

Chapter 10 answers
Exercise 10A
1 (2 × 4 × 3) + (2 × 4 × 2) + (2 × 3 × 2) = 24 + 16 + 12 = 52 cm2
2 There are 6 square faces and each one has an area of 4 × 4 = 16 cm2.
So the surface area of the cube is 6 × 16 = 96 cm2.
3 a 72 cm2 b 92 cm2 c 192 cm2 d 46 cm2
2
4 94 cm
5 a 6 cm2 b 24 cm2 c 150 cm2 d 216 cm2
2
6 13.5 m
7 700 cm2
8 39 m2
Investigation: An open box problem
A 2 × 2 = 4 cm2, 4 × 4 = 16 cm2, 192 – 16 = 176 cm2
B
Size of squares cut Area of the four squares Surface area of box
out (cm2) (cm2)
1 cm by 1 cm 4 cm2 188 cm2
2
2 cm by 2 cm 16 cm 176 cm2
3 cm by 3 cm 36 cm2 156 cm2
2
4 cm by 4 cm 64 cm 128 cm2
2
5 cm by 5 cm 100 cm 92 cm2

Exercise 10B
1 6 × 5 × 4 = 120 cm3
2 5 × 5 × 5 = 125 cm3
3 a 168 cm3 b 360 cm3 c 3 m3
3
4 a 64 cm b 216 cm3 c 1728 cm3

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
5 a 16 l b 30 l c 120 l
3
6 48 m
7 a 3 cm b 8 cm c8m
8 10 cm
Investigation: Painted cubes
A a0 b0 c0 d8
B a1 b6 c 12 d8
C a8 b 24 c 24 d8
D
Size of Number No faces One face Two faces Three faces
yellow cube of cubes painted red painted red painted red painted red
2 by 2 by 2 8 0 0 0 8
3 by 3 by 3 27 1 6 12 8
4 by 4 by 4 64 8 24 24 8

Exercise 10B
674 168
1 2 = 2 = 84 cm3
16  12  9 1728
2 2 = 2 = 864 cm3
3 a 90 cm3 b 100 cm3 c 288 cm3
4 800 cm3
5 a 0.3 m3 b 0.72 tonnes
6 6 cm
Problem solving: Surface area of triangular prisms
A 36 cm2
B 360 cm2

Chapter 10: Answers to Review questions

b 6 × 4 × 3 = 72 cm3
2 a i 174 cm2 ii 135 cm3
b i 3 m3 ii 210 m3
2
c i 48 cm ii 20 cm3
3 1.5 litres
10  9  8 720
4 2 = 2 = 360 cm3
3
5 1.8 m
6 a 5 cm b A = 112 cm2 and B = 94 cm2, so cuboid A
1
Chapter 10: Answers to Investigation – A cube investigation

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
2
3D shape 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 2 2 2 2 2
Surface area 18 cm 18 cm 18 cm 18 cm 18 cm 18 cm 16 cm2
3 Shape 7 has the least surface area and the rest have the same surface area. More
surfaces are in contact with each other in shape 7.
4 22 cm2 and 20 cm2

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Exercise 11A
1 a
x 0 1 2 3
y=x+1 1 2 3 4
y=x+ 2 3 4 5
d They all pass through the origin and
2
y=x+3 3 4 5 6 they get steeper as the value in front of x
y=x+4 4 5 6 7 increases.
b–c e 4 a
x 0 1 2 3
y=x+4 4 5 6 7
y = 2x + 4 6 8 10
4
y = 3x + 4 4 7 1 13
0
y = 4x + 4 8 1 16
4 2
d parallel and cut the y-axis at the b–c f
value added to x
2 a
x 0 1 2 3
y = 2x + 1 1 3 5 7
y = 2x + 2 2 4 6 8
y = 2x + 3 5 7 9
3
y = 2x + 4 6 8 10
4
b–c e

d They all cut the y-axis at (0, 4) and they

get steeper as the value in front of x
increases.
e how steep it is – the gradient
d parallel and cut the y-axis at the Investigation: The graph of x + y = c
value added to 2x A–B
3 a
x 0 1 2 3
y=x 0 1 2 3
y= 0 2 4 6
2x
y= 0 3 6 9
3x
y= 0 4 8 12
4x
b–c e
C (0, 5), (1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 1), (5, 0)
D

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Exercise 11B
1 a 4 a

b i 50p ii £1.25 iii £2.50

ci6 ii 14 iii 22
2 a

b i 66p ii £1.76 iii £2.64

ci4 ii 5 iii 11
5 a

b i £8.10 ii £16.20 iii £21.60

c i 12 ii 8 or 9 iii 17 b i €24 ii €60 iii €156
3 a c i £33 ii £67 iii £133
Challenge: Strolling sisters

A 10:40 am
B 6.6 km
b i 4 cm ii 6 cm iii 20 cm
c i 100 g ii 250 g iii 700 g

Exercise 11C
1 a Check pupils’ graphs. b 1.25 c 0.7 and −2.7
d y = −1 e 0.4 and −2.4
2 a Check pupils’ graphs. b −1.25 c 0.8 and −3.8
d y = −2.25 e 0.3 and −3.3
3 a Check pupils’ graphs. b 3.75 c 1.6 and −0.6

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
 d y = −0.25 e 2.8 and −1.8
4 a Check pupils’ graphs. b −0.75 c 2.7 and −0.7
d y = −1 e 3.6 and −1.6
5 a Check pupils’ graphs. b −1.25 c 3.6 and −0.6
d y = −2.25 e 3.8 and −0.8
Investigation: You can’t solve them all
A

B a 1.6 and −2.6 b 0.6 and −1.6

C The graph does not cut the x-axis.
D pupils’ own work

Exercise 11D
1 a d about £1600 or £8600

3 a

b 13.5 m
c 1.5 seconds b approx. £2350
d 3.5 seconds c about 7 m
2 a d about 2.2 m and 13 m
4 a

b around £19 000

c around £5200 b 20

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
 c9
d between 8 and 32
Investigation: Cooling pies
A by drawing a graph of the data in the
table and joining them with a smooth
curve; then draw a line from the time
up to the curve, then across to the
temperature axis
a 30 °C b 23 °C c 19 °C
1
B between 2 2 minutes and 4 minutes
after being taken out of the oven
Chapter 11: Answers to Review questions

1 a
x 0 1 2 3 2 a y = 29 b y = −11
y = 3x + 1 1 4 7 10 c y = x2 and y = x2 – 4 because 5² and
y = 3x + 2 2 5 8 11 (−5)² are both equal to 25.
y = 3x + 3 3 6 9 12
y = 3x + 4 4 7 10 13 3 a A = lb = 8 × 2 = 16 cm²
b–c b for example, rectangles of 1 cm × 9
cm, 3 cm × 7 cm, 4 cm × 6 cm
c The rectangles above have areas of 9
cm², 21 cm², 24 cm².
d pupils’ own values, for example:
Longest side (cm) 8 9 7 6
Area (cm2) 16 9 21 24
e

d They are parallel and cut the y-axis at

the value added to the 3x.

f 25 cm² g 5 cm

4 a Check pupils’ graphs.

b −1.75 c 4.4 and −0.4
d y = −4 e 4.2 and −0.2

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
 6 a
5 a

b about 8 seconds
b i 93p ii £2.10 iii £4.67 c about 78 m
ci4 ii 6 iii 19 7 6.2 cm

Chapter 11: Answers to Problem solving – Squirrels

1 a 2 a around 185–190 mm
b positive correlation
ci

b June and July

c January/February and May
d preparing for winter hibernation
e for example: ii around 260 mm
• grey squirrels are heavier all year iii This is outside the range of the data
round supplied.
• red squirrels start to increase in mass
earlier in the year
• grey squirrels increase their mass by a
bigger proportion than red squirrels

Exercise 12A

1 a d = 120 × 2 = 240 km
b d = 120 × 4 = 480 km
1
c d = 120 × 5 2 = 660 km
2 a 80 km b 105 km c 30 km d 32 km
3 36 km
4 1920 km
5 20 km

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
6
Speed Time Time as a Distance
decimal travelled
a 40 km/h 1 1.5 hours 60 km
12
hours
b 60 km/h 1 2.25 hours 135 km
24
hours
c 100 km/h 3 0.75 hours 75 km
4
hour
d 80 km/h 2 hours 2.25 hours 180 km
15 minutes
e 10 km/h 30 minutes 0.5 hours 5 km
f 4 km/h 3 hours 45 3.75 hours 15 km
minutes
7 a speed = 40 km/h b speed = 60
km/h
time = 30 minutes time = 1 hour 30
d=s×t d=s×t
= 40 × 0.5 = 60 × 1.5
= 20 km = 90 km

8 a
Time (h) 0 1 2 3 4
Distance 0 20 40 60 80
(km)

9 a 20 km/h
b The motorcyclist has stopped.
c 25 km/h
Challenge: Changing kilometres into miles
A a 15 miles b 50 miles
1 1
c 62 2 miles d 112 2 miles
B 60 miles

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Exercise 12B
1 a s = 300 ÷ 4 = 75 km/h b s = 300 ÷ 5 = 60 km/h c s = 300 ÷ 6 = 50 km/h
2 a 4 km/h b 10 km/h c 30 km/h d 50 km/h
3 800 km/h
4 40 km/h
5 1080 million km/h
6 6 km/h
7 a 40 km/h b 20 km/h c The speed is halved.
Challenge: Road signs in France
A 19 mph
B 31 mph, 56 mph
C 81 mph, 69 mph

Exercise 12C
1
1 a t = 40 ÷ 10 = 4 hours b t = 40 ÷ 20 = 2 hours c t = 40 ÷ 16 = 2 2 hours
1
2 a 5 hours b 4 hours c 3 hours d 3 2 hours
1
3 a 3 hours b 4 2 hours
1
4 a 3 hours b 2 2 hours
5 12:30 pm
6 a

Time (h) 0 1 2 3
b Distance (km) 0 12 24 36

7
Challenge: The distance, speed and time triangle
A 2 hours
B 100 km/h
C 360 km
1
D 4 2 hours
E 100 km/h
F 135 km

Maths Frameworking 3rd edition © HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2014

Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Chapter 12: Answers to Review questions
1
1 a d = 80 × 2 = 160 km b d = 80 × 3 = 240 km c d = 80 × 4 2 = 360 km
2 a s = 400 ÷ 5 = 80 km/h b s = 400 ÷ 8 = 50 km/h c s = 400 ÷ 4 = 100 km/h
1
3 a t = 36 ÷ 6 = 6 hours b t = 36 ÷ 3 = 12 hours c t = 36 ÷ 4 2 = 8 hours
4 310 km
5 a
Time (h) 0 1 2 3 4 5
Distance (km) 0 5 10 15 20 25
b

1
c 12 2 km
6 20 km/h
7 1220 km/h

Chapter 12: Answers to Financial skills – Shopping at the market

1 Gina
£6.00
2 a For George: 800 g costs £6.00, so 100 g costs 8 = 75 p
£4.00
b For Natasha: 500 g costs £4.00, so 100 g costs 5 = 80 p
c George pays 75 p for 100 g and Natasha pays 80 p for 100 g, so George gets a better
deal.
1 1 £12.00
3 a For Mrs Seager: 1 2 kg costs £12.00, so 2 kg costs 3 = £4.00
1 £14.00
b For Mr Mir: 2 kg costs £14.00, so 2 kg costs 4 = 3.50
1 1
c Mrs Seager pays £4.00 for kg and Mr Mir pays £3.50 for
2 2 kg, so Mr Mir gets a
better deal.
4 a For Nathan: 1 kg costs 90 p
b For Lily: 1 kg costs 80 p
c So Lily gets a better deal.
5 a £1.30 and £1.20 b the second one
6 the large tin, as 3 × 59 p = £1.77

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Exercise 13A
1 a b

DE 8 EF 7.4 DF 6.6
c AB = 4 = 2, BC = 3.7 = 2, AC = 3.3 = 2
d All the answers are equal to or very close to 2.
2 a b

DE 6 EF 4.5 DF 6.8
c AB = 4 = 1.5, BC = 3 = 1.5, AC = 4.5 = 1.5
d All the answers are equal to, or very close to 1.5.
3 a, b

DE 7.5 EF 7 DF 4.8
c AB = 1.4 = 1.4, BC = 5 = 1.4, AC = 3.4 = 1.4
d All the answers are equal to or very close to 1.4.
4 a–c pupils’ own answers
d All answers in part c should be the same or very close to each other.
Investigation: Angles and ratios
Pupils’ own answers – they should find that they get the same value for all 6 triangles in
each of the last 2 columns.

Exercise 13B
EF DF GH GI
1 a DE
AB = BC = AC
HI
b JK = KL = JL
QR RS QS XY YZ XZ
c MN = NP = MP d TV = VW = TW
2 a FE = 7.5 cm, AC = 2.4 cm b KL = 3.2 cm, GH = 6.25 cm
c QS = 6 cm, PN = 6.25 cm d YZ = 25 cm, TW = 8.4 cm
3 18 m
4 40 m
5 120 m
Investigation: Nested triangles
A ∠A = ∠B, ∠E = ∠D and both triangles share ∠C, so the triangles are similar.
Maths Frameworking 3rd edition © HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2014
Pupil Book 3.1 answers
B AB = 12.5 − 5 = 7.5 cm

Exercise 13C
1 284 cm
2 328 m
3 82 m
4 A ship sails on a direction of N75°E for 150 km.
a

b 145 km
5 4m
6 a 150 km b 260 km
Investigation: Skewed triangles
A ∠A = ∠E, ∠B = ∠D and ∠C is the same for both triangles, so they are similar.
B AE = 14.45 cm, BD = 19.43 cm

Chapter 13: Answers to Review questions

EF DF GH GI
1 a DE
AB = BC = AC
HI
b JK = JL = KL
MN MP NP XZ YZ XY
c QR = QS = RS d TW = VW = TV
2 a DE = 8 cm, BC = 7.5 cm b JK = 5.6 cm, HI = 6.25 cm
c QR = 7.33 cm, NP = 7.5 cm d XY = 22.4 cm, TW = 2.81 cm
3 73.3 m
4 869 m
5 a He could sketch an accurate similar triangle and use the measurements from this to
work it out.
b 14.6 m
6 a 73° b 73.6 m

Chapter 13: Answers to Investigation – Barnes Wallis and the bouncing bomb
1

2 50°
3 56°
4 63°
5 a Check pupils’ drawings. b 4 cm c 400 m
6 17 cm

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
Chapter 14: Answers to Practice
1 a half b less than a third c more than a quarter
2 a 567 b 161
3 a 5.19 m b 22.65 km
7
4 12
5 £55.50
6 134.4
7 a i about 25% ii about 45%
b i about 30% ii about 60%
8 82 kg
9 £106.60.
3 6
10 60%, 0.6, 5 , 10
14 7 3
11 a 15 b 18 c 4 20
12 £34

Exercise 14B
1 a 471 b 379 c 264 d 22
2 a i 50 ii 48
b +12
3 a 440 b 860 c8 d 401 e 297
f 311
4 a i £3.95 ii £6.05
b no, 15 p short
5 a 9 + 6 = 20 – 5
b 15 – 3 = 4 × 3
c 5 × 2 = 15 – 5 or 5 – 2 = 15 ÷ 3
d 8 ÷ 4 = 4 – 2 or 8 ÷ 4 = 4 ÷ 2
6 £31.36
7 a −6 and 5 or −4 + 3 or −2 + 1 b −11 c −8 – 5 = −13
8 a 508.4 b 2.5 c 12.5 d 10.4
9 17 bins (with £7 left over)
10 £18
11 a 15 b £56 175 c £80.25
12 a 52 mph b 4 hours 30 minutes

Exercise 14C
1 a £70 b 4 hours
2 ax=2 bx=4 c x = 16
3 a 6x b £5y c £xy
4 a (10, 9) b The first number has to be even.
5 ax+4 by–2
abc
6 a b = 2a, 3 = 35, a = 30, b + c = 75 b 60 kg and 15 kg
7 n 4 a
n n2 4
n
4 4 16
Maths Frameworking 3rd
n edition © HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2014
Pupil Book 3.1 answers
 b n2 + 8n + 16
8 a 4x – 20 b 11x + 3 c 5x + 2 d 17x + 16 e 5x + 22
9 a i 21 ii 10 iii 50
biz=3 ii z = 22 iii z = –1
10 6x + 3 = 12, x = 1.5

Exercise 14D
1 a cross added at (4, 5) b (3, 5), (4, 5), (5, 5) and (6, 5)
c The y-coordinate is always 5.
2 a (3, 3) b (1, 1)
3 a A(2, 1) and B(0, 3) b (5, 4)
4

5 a l3 b l4 c l2 d l1
6 a 10 minutes b 3.5 miles
7 a b c

8 yes, 2 × 20 – 10 = 30
9 a ii and iv
b

Exercise 14E
1 ai2 ii 2
bi6 ii 6
ci0 ii 2
2 a i rectangle ii kite iii parallelogram
bi4 ii 2 iii 2
3 a 21 cm2 b 7.5 cm2 c same area as the rectangle, 21

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Pupil Book 3.1 answers
4 a a – acute, b – obtuse, c – acute, d – right-angled, e – reflex and f – obtuse
b smaller because CD is parallel to AB and CB is not parallel to AF
5 a
Number of lines of symmetry
0 1 2 3 4
Order of rotational symmetry 1 A
2 F B, C, D
3 G
4 E

b rectangle or rhombus
6 a Check pupils’ diagrams. b 82°
7 a = 54°, b = 82°, c = 152°
8 a 80 b No, it is just over 60 mph.
c 50 km is approximately 31 miles, so 150 km is approximately 93 miles.
9 a 288 cm2 b4 c 16 : 1

Exercise 14F
1 a 13 b4 c 18
2 a7 b 11 c2
1
3 a 2
b (H, 1), (H, 2), (H, 3), (H, 4), (H, 5), (H, 6), (T, 1), (T, 2), (T, 3), (T, 4), (T, 5), (T, 6)
1
c 6
4 a2 b3 c4 d6
5 aQ bR c P and R, angles are the same
6 a

b i 25% ii 15%
c i 54 ii 36
d 30% of 180 = 54 and 20% of 280 = 56
3 3
7 a 16 b 8
c i
Score on first die
1 2 3 4
1 1 2 3 4
Score on second die

2 2 4 6 8
3 3 6 9 12
4 4 8 12 16

ii 1
8 two numbers in the ratio 2 : 1, for example: 20 red and
10 blue
9 0.3

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Teacher Pack 3.1
Chapter 14: Answers to Revision
Exercise 14G
1 a 25 b 10 c 12 d 12 e 12
f 37
2 a 30 b3 c9 d 12 e4
f 12
3 a8 b 49 c 11 d3 e3
f 32 g 13 h 23 i4 j 50
k 48 l 20
4 a 4 × (3 + 7) = 40 b 10 ÷ (2 + 3) = 2 c 18 ÷ (3 + 3) = 3
d (5 – 2) × 4 = 12 e (20 – 5) × 2 = 30 f 5 × (12 – 8) = 20
g (10 – 22) × 2 = 12 h 10 – (22 × 2) = 2 i (20 – 42) × 5 = 20
5 a 30 b 22 c 21 d 12 e7
f 81

Exercise 14H
1
Transaction Amount paid in Amount paid Balance
out
£64.37
Standing £53.20 £11.17
order
Cheque £32.00 £43.17
Direct debit £65.50 –£22.33
Cash £20.00 –£2.33
Wages £124.80 £122.47
Loan £169.38 –£46.91
2 a 20 °C b 82 °C c 128 °C d 72 °C
e 108 °C f 62 °C g 56 °C h 46 °C
3 a8 b –5 c –13 d8 e7
f –5 g –6 h –2 i 12 j –2
k –9 l –1 m –10 n 17 o 12
p –16
4 a

5 a –2 b4 c –3 d –2 e –9
f3 g –15 h4 i7

Exercise 14I
1 a 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 b 9, 18, 27, 36, 45 c 12, 24, 36, 48, 60
d 25, 50, 75, 100, 125
2 a 3, 15, 18, 24, 36, 39, 45, 48, 69, 90, 120 b 15, 45, 90, 120
c 8, 24, 36, 48, 64, 120 d 24, 36, 48, 120
3 a 48 b 48 c 45 d 45
4 a 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 b prime numbers

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Teacher Pack 3.1
5 a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48 b 1, 2, 4, 13, 26, 52
c 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, 60 d 1, 3, 5, 15, 25, 75
e 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100 f 1, 2, 5, 10, 13, 26, 65, 130
6 The numbers left are: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59. They
are prime numbers.

Exercise 14J
1 a 49 b 81 c 121 d 169 e 225
f 361 g 576 h 625 i 1024 j 2809
2 a6 b8 c 10 d 12 e 14
f 6.32 g 8.94 h 10.95 i 22.36 j 28.28
3 a 1024 b 1728 c 28 561 d 9261
4 a 141.421 36 b 447.2136 c 1414.2136
5 ai1 ii 1 iii –1 iv –1
b −1, as the power is an odd number

Exercise 14K
1 £4359.33
2 £11.22
3 12.9 cm
4 0.590 kilograms
5 £252.08
6 £9000.61
7 7.5 cm
8 £484.83

Exercise 14L
1 a £106.80 b £72.84 c £1908 d £1023.30
2 £37.35
3 £20.23
4 730.8 cm
5 £2312.20
6 £125.80
7 £69.75
8 £246.60

Exercise 14M
1 810 words
2 36
3 a 43 buses b 33 000
4 a 814 b £5.60
5 a 58 b4
6 990 grams
7 a £255 b 250 c £50.21

Exercise 14N
1 a i 12 cm ii 9 cm2
b i 18 cm ii 20 cm2
c i 44 mm ii 120 mm2
d i 34 m ii 60 m2

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Teacher Pack 3.1
2 a 4 cm2 b 20 cm2 c 300 mm2 d 14 m2
3 a 66 cm2 b 96 cm2 c 12 m2 d 80 m2
4 a i 62 cm2 ii 30 cm3
b i 150 cm2 ii 125 cm3
c i 28 cm2 ii 8 cm3
5 20 cm2

Exercise 14O
1 a2 b2 c6 d4 e5
2 a2 b1 c1 d4
3 a2 b2 c5 d4 e2
4 a4 b3 c4 d2
5 a1
b

Exercise 14P
1 ai1 ii 4 iii 8
bi5 ii 6 iii 6
c i £4.50 ii £3.25 iii £3.40
d i 18 ii 20 iii 21
2 a
Boys Girls
Tally Frequency Tally Frequency
12 ≤ T < 14 || 2 || 2
14 ≤ T < 16 |||| 4 | 1
16 ≤ T < 18 ||| 3 || 2
18 ≤ T < 20 0 |||| 4
20 ≤ T < 22 | 1 | 1
b 14 ≤ T < 16
c 18 ≤ T < 20
3 as you get older, the longer it takes to finish, or good positive correlation
4 a

b There may be a different number of pupils in the two classes.

Exercise 14Q
1 1 1 2
1 a 10 b 2 c 5 d 5
1 1 1
2 a 4: HH, HT, TH, TT b 4 c 4 d 2
3 1
3 a 25 b 5

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Teacher Pack 3.1
 c Not fair: you would expect the spinner to land on each number about 10 times.

Answers to GCSE-type questions

1 a 27 and 73 b 15 and 55 c 27 and 72 d 42
2 a £3.07 b5
3 3 × 1.6 = 4.8 km, so, yes, as 4.7 km ˂ 3 miles.
4 19 656
5 a 17 and 81
b i 69 ii 81
6 a multiple b square root c cube d factor e square
7 a 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18 b any multiple of 10 c 15
2
d 5
8 a 16 °C b 4 °C
9 a 14, 77, 104, 140, 147 b –8, –4, –2, 0, 2
1 5
c 0.09, 0.091, 0.9, 0.901, 0.91 d , 0.55, 60%, 8
2
10 no, 6² = 6 × 6 = 36
11 a
Theme Park Blackpoo Total
l
Boy 25 18 43
s
Girls 17 30 47
47 8
Total 42 48 90
b i 90 ii 15
12 175° + 115° + 95° = 385°; the total should be 360°.
13 a 33 b an odd number
14 a £6.00 b They work out to be the same total price.
15 a 9 feet b 4.8 m
c 5 m is just less than 16 feet, so Helen has the higher record.
16 19
17 Check pupils’ constructions.
18 a5 b 300 cm2
19 a i 135 ii 60
b 160°
c 105

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Teacher Pack 3.1