Inception Report

Government of Nepal
Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport

Department of Roads
Bridge Branch
Babar Mahal, Kathmandu
INCEPTION REPORT
FEASIBILITY STUDY, DETAIL ENGINEERING

SURVEY, SOIL INVESTIGATION,
HYDROLOGICAL STUDYAND DETAILED DESIGN
OF BRIDGES:
CONTRACT NO:
Bagh Dwar Khola Bridge along Chulachuli Marg Road,

Ward No 1&2.
Submitted by
ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD.

Lalitpur Nepal
Tel: 01-0000000
Email
Government of Nepal
Department of Roads
Bridge Branch
Babarmahal, Kathmandu
FEASIBILITY STUDY, DETAIL ENGINEERING SURVEY, SOIL INVESTIGATION,

HYDROLOGICAL STUDY AND DETAILED DESIGN OF BRIDGES; CONTRACT NO:
Bagh Dwar Khola Bridge Chulachuli Marg Road, Ward No 1&2. Illam
INCEPTION REPORT
September, 2020
This document is the Inception report prepared for the project “Feasibility Study, Detailed Engineering
Survey, Soil Investigation, Hydrological Analysis And Detailed Design Work Of Rural Road Bridges ;
CONTRACT NO: undertaken by the DoR, Bridge Branch, Babar Mahal, Kathmandu. This document has
been prepared by …………… Consultancy (P) Ltd. for DoR, Bridge Branch. The opinions, findings and
conclusions expressed herein are those of the Consultant and do not necessarily reflect those of DoR, Bridge
Branch.
Data Sources and Credits
Datasets, drawings and other miscellaneous data are produced /developed by………………
Consultancy (P) Ltd. for the project during 2020. These data are owned by DoR, Bridge Branch.
Authorization from the owner is required for the usage and/or publication of the data in part or whole.

Lalitpur Nepal
Tel: 01-0000000
Email
PROJECT INFORMATION
Name of the Project Feasibility Study, Detailed Engineering Survey, Soil Investigation,
Hydrological Analysis And Detailed Design Work Of Rural Road
Bridges ; CONTRACT NO:
Project Executing Government of Nepal

Agency Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport
Department of Roads
Bridge Branch
Implementing Agency Government of Nepal
Department of Roads
Bridge Branch
Name of the Consultancy (P) Ltd.
Consultant
Project
Commencement Date
Date of Project
Completion
SUBMISSION INFORMATION
Name of the Report INCEPTION REPORT.
Nos. of Volumes 1 (One)
Version No 1 (One)
Key Words
Submission Type Hard Copy
Copies Produced For Client : 1 (One) For Consultant : 1 (One)
Prepared By
Checked By
Reviewed By
Official Stamp

Lalitpur Nepal
Tel: 01-0000000
Email
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
……………. Consultancy (P) Ltd. would like to extend special gratitude to the officials of DoR, Bridge
Branch, for providing us the opportunity to work for the project FEASIBILITY STUDY, DETAILED
ENGINEERING SURVEY, SOIL INVESTIGATION, HYDROLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND DETAILED
DESIGN WORK OF RURAL ROAD BRIDGEs; CONTRACT NO: …………..

Lalitpur Nepal
Tel: 01-0000000
Email
INCEPTION REPORT FOR
Feasibility Study, Detailed Engineering Survey, Soil Investigation,
Hydrological Analysis And Detailed Design Work Of Rural Road Bridges
PROJECT LOCATION
PROJECT
DISTRIC
TS
Figure 1: Project location Districts in Nepal –Illam

PROJECT LOCATION ILLAM

Figure 2: Project location Districts in Nepal – ILLAM
CONTENTS
PROJECT INFORMATION.................................................................................................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..................................................................................................................................................iii
Figure 1: Project location Districts in Nepal –Illam.............................................................................................iv

Figure 2: Project location Districts in Nepal – ILLAM.........................................................................................v
List of Tables & Figures.....................................................................................................................................ix
Figure 1: Project location Districts in Nepal –Illam iii......................................................................................ix
Figure 2: Project location Districts in Nepal – ILLAM iv..................................................................................ix
Table 1: List of Bridge and its access road 9.....................................................................................................ix
Table 4.1: 24 Hour Maximum Rainfall: 12.........................................................................................................ix
Table 4.2: Return Period 14..............................................................................................................................ix
Table 4.3: Discharge of Different Return Periods 14........................................................................................ix
Table 4.4: Regression coefficients for regional analysis of flood peaks 15........................................................ix
Table 4.5: Flood Analysis 15..............................................................................................................................ix
Table 4.8: Iteration for Discharge 17................................................................................................................ix
Table 4.9: Input for Discharge Calculation 17....................................................................................................x
Table 4.10: Discharge Calculation 17.................................................................................................................x
Table 4.11 Summary of Flood Discharge 18.......................................................................................................x
Table 4.1: 24 Hour Maximum Rainfall: 23..........................................................................................................x
Table 4.2: Return Period 25................................................................................................................................x
Table 4.3: Discharge of Different Return Periods 25.........................................................................................x
Table 4.4: Regression coefficients for regional analysis of flood peaks 26.........................................................x
Table 4.5: Flood Analysis 26...............................................................................................................................x
Table 4.8: Iteration for Discharge 28..................................................................................................................x
Table 4.4: Regression coefficients for regional analysis of flood peaks 40.........................................................x
Table 4.5: Flood Analysis 40...............................................................................................................................x

Table 4.8: Iteration for Discharge 42..................................................................................................................x
Table 4.3: Discharge of Different Return Periods 52........................................................................................xi
Table 4.4: Regression coefficients for regional analysis of flood peaks 53........................................................xi
Table 4.5: Flood Analysis 53..............................................................................................................................xi
Table 4.8: Iteration for Discharge 55................................................................................................................xi
Table 4.9: Input for Discharge Calculation 55...................................................................................................xi
Table 4.10: Discharge Calculation 55................................................................................................................xi
Table 4.11 Summary of Flood Discharge 56.....................................................................................................xi
Table 4.1: 24 Hour Maximum Rainfall: 68.........................................................................................................xi
Table 4.2: Return Period 70..............................................................................................................................xi
Table 4.8: Iteration for Discharge 73................................................................................................................xi
Table 4.9: Input for Discharge Calculation 73...................................................................................................xi
Table 4.10: Discharge Calculation 73................................................................................................................xi
Table 4.11 Summary of Flood Discharge 74.....................................................................................................xi
Table 4.1: 24 Hour Maximum Rainfall: 79.........................................................................................................xi
Table 4.2: Return Period 81..............................................................................................................................xi
Table 4.8: Iteration for Discharge 84...............................................................................................................xii
Table 4.9: Input for Discharge Calculation 84..................................................................................................xii
Table 4.10: Discharge Calculation 84...............................................................................................................xii
Table 4.11 Summary of Flood Discharge 85....................................................................................................xii
Table 2: Laboratory Tests 91...........................................................................................................................xii

Table 2: Depth of Soil Exploration 92..............................................................................................................xii
Table 4 Submission of Reports 100..................................................................................................................xii
Figure15: Project Organizational Chart 103....................................................................................................xii
Figure 16: Overall outline of Methodology 105...............................................................................................xii
Figure 17: Project Cycle of Bridge Project 106................................................................................................xii
Table 5: Responsibility Matrix 108...................................................................................................................xii
Table 6: Team Composition and Detailed Task Assignment 109....................................................................xii
SECTION – 1.....................................................................................................................................................................13
UNDERSTANDING OF TOR...........................................................................................................................................13
1.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................13
1.2 SITE VISIT..........................................................................................................................................................13
WECS/DHM STUDY METHOD.............................................................................................................................17
Table 4.2: Return Period......................................................................................................................................17
Table 4.3: Discharge of Different Return Periods................................................................................................18
MODIFIED DICKENS.............................................................................................................................................18
Table 4.11 Summary of Flood Discharge............................................................................................................21
SECTION – 2.....................................................................................................................................................................25
METHODOLOGY OF WORK..........................................................................................................................................25
2.1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TASK, ACTIVITY AND OUTPUTS............................................................25

2.1.1 GENERAL........................................................................................................................................................25
2.1.2 DESK STUDY- DATA COLLECTION AND PLANNING...........................................................................25
2.1.3 FIELD REPORT...............................................................................................................................................25
2.1.4 PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF BRIDGE/TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY STUDY..........................................26
2.1.5 DRAFT FINAL REPORT................................................................................................................................26
2.1.6 PRESENTATION OF THE DESIGN..............................................................................................................26
2.1.7 FINAL REPORT...............................................................................................................................................27
2.1.8 GEOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGIC STUDY..................................................................................27
2.1.9 TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY........................................................................................................................27
2.1.10 SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION...............................................................................................................28
Table 2: Laboratory Tests....................................................................................................................................28
Table 2: Depth of Soil Exploration......................................................................................................................29
2.1.11 HYDROLOGICAL STUDY........................................................................................................................30
2.1.12 SEISMOLOGICAL STUDY........................................................................................................................32
2.1.13 CONSIDERATION ON ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION.......................................................................32
2.1.14 DETAILED DESIGN...................................................................................................................................33
C. SUBSTRUCTURE DESIGN...............................................................................................................................37
D. SUPERSTRUCTURE DESIGN..........................................................................................................................38
E. Design of River Training Works..........................................................................................................................39
2.1.15 DRAWINGS.................................................................................................................................................40
2.1.16 QUANTITY AND COST ESTIMATE........................................................................................................40
2.1.17 CHECKLIST................................................................................................................................................40
2.1.18 SUBMISSION OF REPORTS.....................................................................................................................40
Table 4 Submission of Reports............................................................................................................................40
2.2 ORGANIZATION OF FIELD / OFFICE WORKS.............................................................................................41
2.3 PROJECT ORGANIZATION CHART...............................................................................................................42
Figure15: Project Organizational Chart...............................................................................................................42
2.4 OVERALL OUTLINE OF METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................43
Figure 16: Overall outline of Methodology.........................................................................................................43
2.5 PROJECT CYCLE OF BRIDGE PROJECT.......................................................................................................44
Figure 17: Project Cycle of Bridge Project..........................................................................................................44
2.6 TEAM COMPOSITION AND TASK ASSIGNMENT......................................................................................45
Table 5: Responsibility Matrix.............................................................................................................................45
Table 6: Team Composition and Detailed Task Assignment...............................................................................46
2.7 TIME SCHEDULE FOR PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL...............................................................................47
2.8 ACTIVITY (WORK) SCHEDULE.....................................................................................................................48
List of Tables & Figures

Figure 1: Project location Districts in Nepal –Illam............................................................................iv
Figure 2: Project location Districts in Nepal – ILLAM........................................................................v
Table 4.2: Return Period.....................................................................................................................15
Table 4.3: Discharge of Different Return Periods..............................................................................16
Table 4.11 Summary of Flood Discharge...........................................................................................19
Table 2: Laboratory Tests...................................................................................................................26
Table 2: Depth of Soil Exploration....................................................................................................27
Table 4 Submission of Reports...........................................................................................................38
Figure15: Project Organizational Chart..............................................................................................40
Figure 16: Overall outline of Methodology........................................................................................41
Figure 17: Project Cycle of Bridge Project........................................................................................42
Table 5: Responsibility Matrix...........................................................................................................43
Table 6: Team Composition and Detailed Task Assignment.............................................................44

SECTION – 1
UNDERSTANDING OF TOR
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Department of Roads, Bridge Branch has awarded the contract of Consulting Services for Feasibility Study,
Detailed Engineering Survey, Soil Investigation, Hydrological Analysis And Detailed Design Work Of Rural
Road Bridges (Contract No. ) to ………………………… Consultancy (P) Ltd. The proposed
task, as per ToR includes Feasibility Study, Detailed Engineering Survey, Soil Investigation, Hydrological
Analysis And Detailed Design Work Of Rural Road Bridges. For this, the consultant’s main responsibility
will be to utilize its professional manpower to ensure that the bridge to be constructed will be economical
and innovative technology, suitable for the implementation through centre of population approach, by the
utilization of novel based technology. List of the brides that are studied by our Preliminary Survey Team are;
SN NAME OF BRIDGE NAME OF ROAD Easting Northing DISTRICT
Bagh Dwar Khola Chulachuli Marg Road, Ward 26°41'7.81"
1. 87°45'44.41"E
Bridge N Illam
No 1&2.
1.2 SITE VISIT
As soon as we had an with DoR, Bridge Branch for the execution of Feasibility Study, Detail Engineering
Survey, Soil Investigation, Hydrological Analysis and Detailed Design Work of Rural Road Bridges, we
started the desk study work. We referenced the topo maps, geological maps and Google maps in order to
ascertain the proper location of the proposed bridges in the map and gather the required information for the
desk study.
The teams of professional personnel have visited the bridge sites consisting of the following manpower.
 Team Leader (Bridge/Structural Engineer)

 Hydrologist
 Geo-tech Engineer
 Civil Engineer
The general bridge site condition, location detail, cross section, soil type and proposed bridge type is given
in the following pages;
Engineering Consultancy (P) Ltd 10

Salient Features of CONTRACT NO: Bridge Sites
1.2.1 Bagh Dwar Khola Bridge
Particulars Required information / number / range / value(s)

Feasibility Study, Detailed Engineering Survey, Soil
Investigation, Hydrological Analysis And Detailed Design Work
Name of the project Of Rural Road Bridges
Bagh Dwar Khola Bridge along Chulachuli Marg Road, Ward No
1&2.
Location
Development Region Eastern
Zone / District Illam
Village Left Bank Chulachuli
Geographical Location of Bridge
Easting 87°45'44.41"E
Northing 26°41'7.81"N
Road
Name of the Road Chulachuli Marg Road
Origin & Destination of the Road Chulachuli Marg
Width of Road 10 m
Classification of Road District Road
Type of Road/Terrain Earthen /Terai
Condition of Road Poor
Information on Hydrology
Name of the River Bagh Dwar Khola
Type of River Perennial
Nature of Flow Smooth
River width at Bridge Axis 59 m (Bank to Bank)
Catchment Area 4.1 Km2
Design Discharge 60.11 m3/sec
Linear Waterway 37.21 m
Bed Material Clay, Sand mixed Soil
Bank Protection Required

1.2.2 CATCHMENTS CHARACTERISTICS
The Bagh Dwar is a rainfed khola. The catchment area of the khola at proposed bridge site is found to be
4.1 Km2 according to basin area delineation in topographic map. Elevation of the river varies from 507
masl to 134 masl along the length of the khola and length is about 3.91 Km. The catchment area is covered
with more than 56% of Forest, agriculture land and other lands. The catchment area is almost fern shaped.

Catchment Area = 4.1 Km2

1.2.3 HYDRAULIC DATA ANALYSIS
WECS/DHM STUDY METHOD
Hydrological studies on the rivers of Nepal have been carried out by the Water and Energy commission
secretariat and published a report “Methodologies for Estimating Hydraulic Characteristics of un-gauged
locations in Nepal “in which methods are described to calculate the flood discharge of the rivers for
different return periods. The flood flows are calculated according to the formula described in the report
within the different altitudes. The maximum flood flows are calculated in any river of catchments area A
below 3000m of elevation formula as given below. Though the altitude of the catchments varies below
5000m, the equation below 5000 elevation catchments is used for low flow or long-term flow calculation.
The following equation is used here for maximum daily flood peak in safer side.
Q2 = 1.8767(A+1) 0.8783
Q100 = 14.63(A+1) 0.7342
Where, subscript 2 and 100 stand for the return periods in number of years.
The flood flows for any return period R is governed by
QR = exp (InQ2+ S)
Where,  = ln(Q100/Q2)/2.326 is the standard deviation of the natural logarithms of annual floods
S = standardized normal variable for a particular return period R.
Table 4.2: Return Period
Return Period 2 5 10 20 50 100 200
S 0 0.842 1.202 1.645 2.054 2.326 2.576
Catchments Area = A = 4.1 Km2
Two year flood Q2 = 2.29 (A)^0.86 7.706 m3/s

Hundred year flood Q100 = 20.7(A)^0.72 57.171 m3/s
Standard Deviation of Natural Log s = ln (Q100/Q2)/2.326 0.862
Peak Flood for return period (T) QR = exp(lnQ2+s*snv)

Table 4.3: Discharge of Different Return Periods
Return Period(T) Standardized normal Variate, snv Peak flood (m3/s)

2 0 7.71
5 0.842 15.92
10 1.282 23.26
20 1.645 31.79
50 2.054 45.23
100 2.326 57.17
200 2.576 70.91
500 2.878 91.99
1000 3.09 110.42
5000 3.54 162.72
10000 3.719 189.85
PMF = 2* 10000 Years
flood 379.70
MODIFIED DICKENS
Total Basin Area (A) 4.1 km2

Perpetual Snow Area (a) 0 km2
SNOW AREA = Catchment area >5000 m elevation
p = (a+6)/(A+a)*100 146.34
T, Years CT QT, m3/s

2 4.17 12.01
5 5.02 14.45
10 5.66 16.29
20 6.30 18.14
50 7.14 20.58
100 7.78 22.42
200 8.42 24.27
500 9.27 26.71
1000 9.91 28.55
5000 11.40 32.84
10000 12.04 34.68
PMF = 2*10000 69.36
YEARS FLOOD
Estimation of Hydrological Parameters (MHSP Method)
Project Location Chulachuli

Catchment Area for: Bridge axis
Region Eastern
Catchment Area 4.10 m2
Area below 5000 m 4.10 m2
Area Below 3000 m 4.10 m2
from Mean monsoon precipitation
Mean Monsoon Precipitation (MMP) 1800 mm graph
Monsoon Wetness Index (MWI) 2000 from Monsoon index map
Return flow
Period K b (m3/s) Remarks
5 7.401 0.786 22.441
20 13.085 0.754 37.888 Constants
50 17.606 0.738 49.876 depend on
100 21.518 0.728 60.113 Regions
1000 39.904 0.697 106.674 Specified
10000 69.781 0.670 179.471
PMF = 2* 10000
years 358.942
Fuller's Formula (Formula derived for catchment of USA)

Cf = 1.500 (Fuller's Constant 0.8 - 1.88)
Catchment area A, km2 4.100 km^2
Qt = CfA0.8(1+0.8logT)
Return Period, year Flood , m3/s

For Return period 2 years 2 5.75
For Return period20years 20 9.47

For PMF = 2 * 10000 years 38.96
Tahal (2002) formula
Qm = 5.42 *A^0.7572
Qt/Qm = 0.3838 ln(T) +0.6882
Catchment area A 4.1 sq km

Qm 15.77608 m3/s
Return period years Qt, m3/s

2 15.05
5 20.60
10 24.80
20 29.00
50 34.54
100 38.74
200 42.94
500 48.49
1000 52.68
5000 62.43
10000 66.62
PMF 133.25
RYVE's formula
Q = C A^n
Catchment area A 4.1 sq km
Constant depending on nature of catchments and
location C 14
for Ryve's
constant n 2/3 formula
Max. flood discharge Q 35.86 m3/s
1.2.4 DESIGN DISCHARGE

Traffic flow of the bridge is high and this flow density will be more in future after the construction of the
bridge, considering the importance of bridge, the flood for return period of 100 years is recommended for
design discharge. The maximum discharge using above methods for return period of 100 years are
summarized below in Table.
Table 4.11 Summary of Flood Discharge

S.N. Method 100 Yrs. Return Qflood (m3/s)
1 WECS/DHM 57.17
2 MHSP 60.11
3 Fuller's 12.06
4 Modified Dickens 22.42
5 Tahal 2002 38.74
6 Ryve’s formula 35.86
The Wecs/ DHM and MHSP method for flood flow for 100 years return flow is considered for design with
flow are nearly value. Since MHSP method is derived for hydropower project. Hence considering very
worse hydrological environment the discharge calculated by MHSP method is considered as High Flood
Level and is adopted in design of discharge of 60.11 m3/s.
1.2.5 LINEAR WATER WAY OF THE FLOOD
According to Kellerhals, mean channel width is given by

B =3.26Q0.5 for Gravel Bed channels
Where, B = mean channel length required for given discharge
Q = design discharge m3/sec
B = 3.26*60.110.5 = 25.27 m
According to Lacey’s formula, mean channel width is given by
B =4.8 Q0.5 for alluvium channels
Where, B = mean channel length required for given discharge
Q = design discharge m3/sec
B = 4.8*60.110.5 = 37.21 m

Linear waterway at site according to the condition at bridge axis is 59 m. considering the design discharge,
available linear waterway, available height, bed level, road level, the site geology, minimum bridge length
to can be provided with single span of 50 m. However the span of the bridge is also governed by the river
training cost involved with bridge, the 2x25 m span is adopted in design.

Satellite View Showing Project Location

Left Bank of Bagdwar River Right Bank of Bagdwar River
Up Stream Down Stream
Site Selection with Client River Diversion Start

Existing Road Existing Road
Benchmark-1 Benchmark-2
Up Stream View from Diversion Start River @ Diverted Area

SECTION – 2
METHODOLOGY OF WORK
2.1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TASK, ACTIVITY AND OUTPUTS
2.1.1 GENERAL
A bridge requires a careful attention during its survey and design stages. Some of the important factors to
be considered during the design are:
 The bridge must be safe for vehicle maneuvering with design speed and also must be functional
requirement.
 The bridge and its approach must be designed with due safety consideration of possible damaging
actions of the river current.
 The bridge must be cost effective from construction as well as maintenance viewpoint.
 The bridge should not be the cause for major environmental degradation; it should rather enhance the
environment.
 The bridge should possess aesthetically pleasing view blending with the environment.
The consultant will carry out the following tasks to best deliver the project objectives within the specified
time and to comply with desirable professional standards. The tasks under engineering activities will
generally follow the sequence given below:
2.1.2 DESK STUDY- DATA COLLECTION AND PLANNING
A team consisting of the team leader, bridge design engineer, geologist/geotechnical engineer and
hydrologist will carry out the desk study. The study will include the demarcation of the catchments of the
proposed bridge sites including collection and review of geological, geo-morphological, hydrological,
seismological, climatic, traffic data and other information relevant to the bridge design. A detail
topographic map of scale 1:25,000 and aerial photographs of the bridge sites will be studied and possible
suitable locations of the sites will be marked on the map. The possible sources of local construction
materials will also be studied. During this time, planning and programming for the field surveys and
investigation works will be done.
2.1.3 FIELD REPORT
A team of experts consisting of the Bridge Engineer and Geotechnical Engineer will make the initial visit to
the bridge site to finalize the alignment of the bridge and locations of the bore holes. After the field visit the
drilling team will be mobilized at site. After the drilling is complete, a Field Report as specified in the TOR
will be prepared. The Field Report will contain among others:
 A site plan showing alignment of the bridge foundation.
 Location of the bore holes logs with description of samples taken at every change of strata.
 Preliminary field report will be submitted to Municipality office in two copies and should be discussed
with Municipality. This should contain Index map as well as location map of the bridge with respect to
complete road network of the district.
2.1.4 PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF BRIDGE/TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY STUDY
After selecting the bridge site with study of alternative crossing points, a Preliminary Design shall be
prepared based on the prepared topo maps and as per the general condition of the bridge site. This study
shall mainly focus on the design concepts related to the proposed structure. The outcome of this study will
be a Preliminary Design and Technical Feasibility Report and will contain:
 Preliminary design concepts and short descriptions relating to the proposed structure and its major
components, e.g. superstructure, pier, foundations river training/ bank protection structures, approach
road etc.
 It will include location of proposed foundations and arrangement of the bridge components along with
comparison between the possible alternative types.
 The report will be submitted in two copies and the content will be discussed with Municipality office
before proceeding to the detail design of the bridge.
2.1.5 DRAFT FINAL REPORT
The Draft Final report will be in all respect to be complete, containing all the required components
of the design and be presented in clear and easy to refer formats as per the general design guidance
attached. The complete set of the report will consist of:
 Volume I – Main Report
 Volume II – Drawings
 Volume III – Design Calculations
 Volume IV – BOQ and Special Provisions to Standard Specifications, if any
 Appendices
2.1.6 PRESENTATION OF THE DESIGN
The Consultants will present the design report in specified format and defend it to the Municipality
audience prior to the submission of the final report. The Consultant will review the issues raised during the
presentation while finalizing the report and make necessary amendments/corrections if needed. The date
and venue of the presentation will be determined by mutual agreement between the Bridge Unit and the
Consultants. The cost of such presentation will be borne by the Consultants.

2.1.7 FINAL REPORT
Apart from the presentation, the Municipality will verify the content of the report against the Terms of
Reference and the checklist. The Municipality may also discuss upon the technical content of the report and
may suggest some changes if thought necessary. While preparing the Final Report the consultants will
consider the comments/suggestions and make corrections or amendments if required. It does not, however,
relieve the consultants of their responsibility over the technical content of the design. The final report shall
be submitted in stipulated number of copies as indicated in the checklist.
Apart from the bound report the consultants will submit soft copies (electronic copies) of the final report in
CD-ROMs as specified in the checklist.
2.1.8 GEOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGIC STUDY
Geological / geo-morphological studies of the site include field reconnaissance and topographic mapping of
the bridge site area.
In this study the following points related to the river, its catchment area and all the considered bridge sites
should be studied in detail.
 Topography
 Nature and structure of the surface soil
 Nature and structure of local as well as regional geology
 Other information as needed.
2.1.9 TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY
The topographical survey of the area should cover a minimum distance of 500 m upstream, 200 m.
downstream and 200 m from the river banks on either sides of the river at the proposed bridge site.
However, at least, the Topographic map should show the following components in the topo-map.
 Contours at 1(one) m. intervals in hilly area and at 0.25 m in plain area.
 Flood lines on either sides of the river in the entire area surveyed.
 Lines with spot levels along which the bed slope of the river is taken
 Both banks of the river
 Lines along which cross section of the river is taken
 Govt. and/or public establishments
 Traverse lines, benchmarks reference lines and/or points with respect to which the present topo-map is
prepared.
 The angle and direction of skew, if the bridge is proposed to be aligned skew.
 The Names of the nearest identifiable villages/towns etc. in either ends of the bridge.

 Other information relevant to design, construction and/or maintenance of the bridge.
2.1.10 SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION
After the selection of the proposed bridge site with alternatives and preparation of topographic maps, the
Consultant will discuss the collected hydrological data and the following points with concerned In-charge
of the Chulachuli Rural Municipality, Illam for final decision of the bridge site:
 Design discharge
 Scour depth, Maximum Scour depth
 Linear waterway needed to be provided
 Anticipated soil condition for foundation
 The most feasible proposed bridge site
 River- training & approach roads.
 Type of proposed foundation, substructure and superstructure.
The discussion will be done on the basis of the topographic maps, preliminary findings of the parameters
above, location of the bridge with respect to the complete road network of the district. After discussion and
finalizing of the bridge site/axis the consultant shall carry out subsurface exploration, which will include the
followings:
 Test pits and auguring

Test pits and auger-holes in the riverbed to a depth as mentioned in the BOQ for determining the mean
particle size of riverbed materials in each layer.
 Bore-holes, field tests and laboratory tests

The properties of the underlying soil are determined by field and laboratory tests of the soil samples
obtained from the bore holes drilled to a depth as mentioned in the next section and/or the Bill of
Quantities. As far as possible, the locations of the boreholes shall be under each abutment and piers.
Generally the following tests are conducted for determination of soil properties:
Table 2: Laboratory Tests
SN Type of test Frequency
1 Undisturbed Soil Sampling at least 2 at each borehole
2 Standard Penetration Test as required but the interval not less than 1.5 m
3 Grain size analysis at least 2 at each borehole
4 Hydrometer analysis at least 2 at each borehole

SN Type of test Frequency
5 Moisture content at least 2 at each borehole
6 Bulk and dry density at least 2 at each borehole
7 Unconfined compression test at least 2 at each borehole
8 Consolidation test at least 2 at each borehole
9 Direct shear test at least 2 at each borehole
Other types of tests and frequency of tests shall also be conducted if it is required by the field condition.
 Depth of soil exploration

The depth of soil exploration from ground level shall be as follows, as per ToR:
Table 2: Depth of Soil Exploration
SN Type of soil Governing depth
1 Silty, sandy, clayey soil 3 times the design scour depth, or 1.5 times the
least dimension of the foundation footing, or
20 m(if required), whichever is maximum
2 Granular soil (gravels, boulders 2 times the design scour depth,
or 1.5 times the least dimension of the
foundation footing, or 16 m,
whichever is maximum
3 Rocks (soft or hard) Not exceeding 8 m
The above mentioned depths are indicative. As per TOR, the Consultant will decide the actual required
depth of soil investigation according to the field condition and design parameters. But in any case the
Consultant will be paid only up to the depth mentioned in the Bill of Quantities. If rock is found at the
beginning or at mid-depth then the drilling works shall not exceed the depth as mentioned in the table
above. In such case the payment shall be made only for the actual depth.
For example, if rock is found at a depth of 12 m. and if the maximum required depth is 16 m, then drilling
shall continue only for further 4 m., and the payment will be done for 16 m. If rock is exposed on the
surface then drilling will be done up to a depth of 8 m., and the payment will be done for 8 m. But if the
thickness of rock at the surface is 6 m then the drilling will continue further to the required maximum depth.
 Other information

Availability of construction materials like, sand gravel boulders, timber, etc. with their engineering
properties, quantities and lead up to the bridge site. Quarry site of materials with their available quantities
should be shown on a sketch plan with reference to Bridge site.
 Analysis of Data, Conclusion and Recommendation of Design Parameters.

Based upon the above mentioned studies and investigations the consultants will make the best use of their
technical knowhow and professional skill to arrive at and recommend the most cost effective design
parameters. The consultant will discuss in detail at least three different options and shall recommend the
most appropriate option.
2.1.11 HYDROLOGICAL STUDY
All available hydrological and meteorological data and information will be collected from the Department
of Hydrology and Meteorology for the flood discharge determination. Detail hydrological study of the river
and bridge site will be carried out to determine the linear waterway, maximum flood discharge for different
return periods and scour depths for selection of type of foundation and abutment protection works.
For determination of all design data the consultant shall carry out a detailed hydrometrical survey and
hydrological study of the river and bridge site, which shall include the following:
 Catchment area of the river up to bridge site
 Length of the river from origin up to bridge site
 Possibility of change of catchment
 Nature, size and quantities of debris carried by the river
 Intensity, duration and distribution of rain in the catchment
 Vegetation, cultivation etc. of the catchment.
 Existence of reservoir's, Lakes etc. in the catchment.
 Existing bridge or other hydraulic structures across the river in the vicinity of the proposed bridge site
with their details as much as possible.
 General slope of the river from the critical point (origin) of the river up to bridge site and general
slope of the catchment in both sides of the river.
 Cross sections covering 200m beyond flood lines of the river at proposed bridge site, at about 500m.
u/s and about 200m d/s. wherein HFL, LWL, LBL, area of the cross section, wetted perimeter and
geological profile with silt factor of each strata (at proposed bridge site only) shall be indicated.
(Horizontal and vertical scale of the cross section shall be the same.)
 Bed slope of the river which must start from 100m up of the U/S cross section and end at 100 m. down
of the d/s. cross section.

 Maximum discharge calculated by established formulas with different return periods and the peak
discharge observed over a period of 100 years.
 Velocity and depth of flow at the time of survey.
 Shifting of the river in the past at proposed bridge site and in its vicinity.
 Other information required for river control, design, construction and maintenance of the bridge.
Following method and procedures will be adopted during hydrological study for the bridge design.
a. DETERMINATION OF CATCHMENT AREA

The shape, size and flow direction of the river from origin up to bridge site will be determined from
catchment area plan. All other surface characteristics such as soil types; forestation and cultivable areas
etc. will be identified.
b. DETERMINATION OF BED SLOPE

High flood level will be shown in the cross-sections surveyed along topographical survey work. A
longitudinal section of the river bed extending to about 100 m up of the upstream cross-section and 100
m down of the downstream cross-sections will be prepared. High flood level about the riverbed will be
shown in the river cross-section survey during the topographical survey. A cross-section of the stream
at the site of the proposed bridge covering 100 m beyond flood lines of the river and other cross-
sections at suitable intervals covering about 500 m upstream and 200 m downstream from the proposed
bridge will be prepared. The computation of the high flood levels will be carried out using appropriate
computer software such as HECRAS.
c. DISCHARGE CALCULATION
All necessary data available in the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, such as; rainfall data,
maximum rainfall in 24 hours in the catchment area of the river, average annual rainfall characteristics
etc will be collected. On the basis of collected hydrological and meteorological data and result obtained
during field investigation, following methods will be used to determine design flood discharge.
1. Flood frequency method (if flood discharge is available)

2. DHM/WECS study method
3. Regional flood frequency relationship
4. Empirical formula (Dicken’s formula)
5. Rational method
6. Slope area method
Results obtained from above method will be analyzed carefully and most reliable flood discharge will be
adopted for bridge design. The flood discharge of 100 year return period will be adopted as design flood
discharge for further calculation.
During field visit all information and data will be verified and velocity measurement of flow will be carried
out by surface floating method.
d. SCOUR DEPTH
The assessment of scour depth will be carried-out for the design of bridge foundations and river training
works. The maximum scour depth will be determined theoretically based on maximum flood discharge and
actual bed material in the river. The value of silt factor will be calculated based on the bed material obtained
from site investigation results.
e. WATER-WAY OPENING
A trial linear waterway opening will be calculated using Lacy's relationship. The necessary waterway will
be provided considering the canalization of flow through the bridge section.
f. AFFLUX
The rise of the water level on the upstream side of the bridge caused by obstruction due to abutments, piers
or protection structures will be calculated using Molesworth Formula. Considering the afflux required
clearance under the bridge will be recommended. Environmental impact in the upstream due to the afflux
will be studied.
2.1.12 SEISMOLOGICAL STUDY
The consultants will collect and refer to the available data regarding the seismic records of the area. Seismic
Forces: According to the Indian Standard Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, IRC: 6
will be followed.
2.1.13 CONSIDERATION ON ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
For protection of environment the following points will be considered during survey and design. The
consultant will predict damages to the Environment and attempt to mitigate or minimize the damages by
choosing appropriate site, cross-section, type of structures etc. and suggest appropriate measures in the
design for protection of surrounding Environment. The RTISWP environmental policies, Environmental
Protection Act and Environmental Protections Rules will be followed.
2.1.14 DETAILED DESIGN
DETAILED DESIGN AND QUANTITY /COST ESTIMATES

Based on the collected information and results and the discussion with client, consultant shall design the
bridge following the standard codes of practice, norms and guidelines. For this, the relevant codes of IRC

for the design of bridge and Nepal bridge standards-2067 shall be followed. The list of all reference
literature and materials shall be provided on the report.
Based on the design and drawing, detailed quality estimate of the bridge shall be prepared with its
accessories. For this, information on sources of materials shall be collected with lead distances to prepare
schedule of rate and cost estimates based on the standard norms and prevailing district rates.
USE OF STANDARD DESIGN(S)

Reference to standard bridge design of DoR shall also be made depending upon the site condition and other
factors. However, while doing so, design of other parts of the bridge shall also be adjusted to incorporate
the parameters of the standard design.
BRIDGE PARAMETERS
The parameters for the design of the proposed bridges would be referred as per the ToR and prevailing
practice of DoR. The following considerations will be made while performing the bridge design work.
DESIGN LOADS
In order to compute maximum stresses in any girder or member of a bridge the following loads will be
considered:
i) Dead Load: This is the self-weight of the structure and any permanent loads fixed thereon.
ii) Live Load: The proposed bridge will be designed for IRC Class A loading.
iii) Impact effect: For RCC road bridges for class-A loading the impact fraction shall be determined as
described in IRC code.
iv) Wind Load: All structures will be designed for lateral wind loads which is assumed to act horizontally
and in such a direction that the resultant stresses in the member finder consideration are maximum.
v) Longitudinal Forces: The proposed bridge will be designed for all longitudinal forces which include:
 Tractive force
 Braking force
 Frictional resistance of expansion bearings
vi) Seismic Loads: The proposed bridge will be designed for seismic load in order to provide resistance
against an earthquake as per IS Code.
vii) Temperature Stresses: The stresses resulting from the variation of temperature of any portion of the
structure, which is not free to expand or contract, will also be considered.
The design of the substructures like abutments, pies will depend upon the topography of the site and the type of
the bridge selected. However, the following general statement can be made:

PIERS
The dimensions of a pier depend on distance between girders, size of bearings, distance required to provide
for the expansion of girders etc. The shape of pier will be selected so as to provide smooth flow of water to
prevent eddy current and scour. Tile bottom dimensions of piers are determined from the considerations that
no tensile stresses are produced in the section due to all forces acting on it.
DESIGN LOADS FOR PIER

The following loads will be considered while designing bridge piers:
 Dead load of the superstructure
 Dead load of the pier less hydrostatic uplift
 Pressure due to water current
 Live load on the superstructure
 Lateral forces acting normally to the axis of the bridge
 Longitudinal forces acting parallel to the axis of the bridge
 Seismic forces
ABUTMENTS
The length of abutments at the top normally will be equal to the formation width. Abutments will be
provided with weep holes to reduce hydrostatic pressure at the back of wall. Abutments Design will be
made for the worst conditions of all loads; no tension will be permitted under the foundation.
Design Loads for Abutments
 Self-weight of abutments
 Dead load from the superstructure
 Live load on the superstructure
 Longitudinal forces
 Earth pressure
 Thrust caused by live load
WING WALLS
Wing walls are provided to retain the side slopes of embankments and to guide water through the openings.
As there is possibility of unequal settlement of abutment and wing wall, there should be a small gap
between the abutment and wing wall right from bottom of the foundation to the bottom of the parapets.
BEARINGS

The type of bearings such as bearing, rubber sheath etc will depend upon the amount of movement of the
bridge ends at the bearings due to temperature changes and load transmitted by the individual girders. The
consultant will select suitable bearings for tile proposed bridge based upon the above condition.
FOUNDATION DESIGN
Shallow and deep foundations are treated separately with the presumption that general requirement of
foundations in soil are complied with per IS 1904-1986 and decision has been taken to design a particular
type of foundation.
A. SHALLOW FOUNDATION
When load-transfer is through shear resistance of the bearing strata and depth is up to 3.0 m, the foundation
is shallow foundation as per IS: 1060. In practice, depth up to 6.0 m may be considered as shallow
foundation.
Step I - If resultant of the load deviates from centre by more than 1/6 of least base dimension, only RC
footing will be provided. Otherwise plain concrete or masonry footing may be designed. On
sloping sites, the foundation will have horizontal bearing stepped and lapped at changes of levels
for the distance equal to thickness or twice the height of step.
Step II - The dimension of foundation in plan should be adequate enough so as to support various load
combinations as recommended in IRC:6-1986 - Loads and stresses within permissible
settlement. Steps in masonry foundation should be in multiple of thickness of masonry units like
bricks, stone. Un-reinforced foundation shall have angular spread of lad from substructure as per
IS 1980-1985.
Steps III -If suitable soil strata are at a greater depth, foundation can be rested at a higher level for economy
and the space between base and the deeper soil strata can be improved with concrete or granular
material. Extent of such fill be spread up to 2 vertical an d1 horizontal slope.
Step IV - Soil up to the level of anticipated maximum scour – level should not be considered when water
current forces are taken into account. Permissible stresses shall be increased as recommended by
IRC: 6 for various load combinations.
Step V- Loads for forces on the footing shall be calculated keeping in view provisions made in IRC: 6
such as dead load, live load, impact, wind load, water current, longitudinal etc. Additional forces
due to 1 (one) percent rotation at base should also be considered.
Step VI Structural analysis to find out moment, shear force, torsional moment at critical section stresses
is computed considering tem co-planner forces.
Step VII Recommendations made in IRC: 21 – section III Cement Concrete and IRD: 40-Brick, Block
and Stone Masonry shall be followed. Provisions made in IS: 8009 (Part I), IS: 9456, IS: 2950

(Part I), IS: 1080 – 985 covering different types of shallow foundation and IRC: 78-1983-
Section VII – foundations and substructure shall also be followed.
Step VIII Factor of safety against overturning, sliding and deep – seated failure without seismic condition
shall be 2, 1.5 and 1.25 respectively; with seismic condition the factors shall be as stated in IRC:
78.
B. Deep Foundations
Well foundation and Pile foundation are the two types of deep foundations normally adopted for design.
a. WELL FOUNDATIONS
Step I Loads and forces coming on the well cap and other components under different load –
combinations shall be found out.
Step II Dimensions of well cap, staining, curb etc. will be selected in view of nature of soil, and depth
of well as per IRC: 78.
Step III Well cap shall be designed using formula of circular slap under various loading or the Graphical
method of well cap in bridges published in the journal Indian Highways December 1981.
Step IV Staining thickness, material of construction and provision of reinforcement if RC staining is
selected will be made as per IRC: 78. Strength checking of proposed staining shall be made
using the Graphical method for checking staining stresses in wells published in March 1984
issue of Indian Highway or Graphical design of Wells in clayey or mixed strata published in
June 1983 issue of Indian Highways.
Step V Well curb shall be designed using method proposed in the Paper No. 238 published by IRC.
Step VI Cutting edge, top plug, bottom plug, filling shall be provided as recommended in IRC: 78.
Step VII Stability of well foundation will be checked as per IRC: 45-1972.
b. PILE FOUNDATION
Normally bored, cast in situ or driven pre-cast piles are used in practice.
Step I Type of piles shall be selected depending on type of soil – strata, availability of construction
equipment, loads to be resisted, surcharge on piles, presence of water table and other
considerations made in IRC: 78. Spacing of piles, maximum rate and tolerances shall be as per
IS 2911 (Part – 1) – 1979.
Step II Only reinforced concrete pile cap will be provided. Attachment of pipe head to cap, tolerance,
surface reinforcement will be as per IRC: 78.
Step III Load carrying capacity of a pipe or a group piles shall be calculated on the basis of formulae
given in section 711.8.2.1 of IRC: 78 of IRC: 78 keeping in view of factors started therein such
as lower point of fixity, negative skin friction, apportionment of quantity of vertical and
horizontal loads etc. with factor of safety 2.5.
Step IV Initial and Routine tests shall be carried out per IS 2911 if deemed essential to estimate expected
and actual load carrying capacity of piles.
Site V Embedment of piles, design considerations, stresses during installations, structural strength of
piles such as axial load and lateral load carrying capacity, provisions regarding driven precast
concrete piles, longitudinal and transverse reinforcement – requirement etc. shall be complied
with as per IRC: 78 and IRC: 21.
Step VI Design Manual 7.2 published by Department of Navy, Alexandria on foundations and earth –
structures, Design of Pile Foundations, a paper published in IE (India), 1993 and aforesaid codes
shall be used for detailed design.
C. SUBSTRUCTURE DESIGN
Step I Height of substructure above foundation and loads and forces to be transmitted will give idea
about type of material and structure suitable for the substructure such as masonry, PCC or RCC
or composite construction.
Step II Dimensions of the substructure shall be selected based on continuous or isolated support for
superstructure system and allowable stresses in the selected substructure. Min. Top width of
masonry will be as per IRC: 40.
Step III Considering the forces as coplanar, masonry substructure shall be checked against allowable
tensile, compressive and shear stresses. The substructure may be designed as pedestal, short or
long columns as per RIOC: 21 as different kinds of retaining walls (especially abutment).
Step IV Cap shall be reinforced concrete and provision of reinforcement and thickness thereof shall be
made as per IRC: 78 and checking stresses as per IRC:21 when full bearing is provided. If a
hammerhead or A – type or column type substructure is supporting the cap, structural design
will be considering it a beam.
Step V General requirements specified in section 712 of IRC: 78 such as protecting piers and abutments
by steel lining, provision of minimum surface reinforcement in plain concrete, offset
requirement, factors for impact of live load, provision of cut and tail water ends, minimum
thickness of hollow concrete piers, provision of dirt wall, pervious backfill, weep holes behind
abutment wing and return wall will be complied with.
D. SUPERSTRUCTURE DESIGN
Step I Based on economic evaluation and limitations posed by site conditions and soil parameters, span
– length and type of superstructure will be decided. Various loads and forces will be calculated
as per IRC:6 for different load combinations.
Step II If span is up to 10.0 m and RCC slab is selected, maximum moment and shear forces at critical
sections and at other sections mainly at ¼ span shall be calculated using methods specified in
IRC:21. Distribution coefficient method is considered reasonable. Using concrete grade M20 or
M25 and available reinforcing bar or Fe415 or Fe500 grades, working stress method will be used
for design. Check calculations will be made using Limit State Method of design.
Step III If span is between 10 to 30 m, RC-T beam will be considered for design. For a single lane
bridge, two no. main means and cross girder (minimum three nos.) will be chosen. Distribution
coefficient method shall be used to estimate maximum factor to be used in average forces to
arrive at maximum live load forces. The slab and the girders shall be designed as per IRC:21.
Step IV If span is between 30.0 m to 50.0 m, pre-stressed girders with cast-in-situ cross girder and may be
chosen. But pre-stressed bridges will be avoided because local contractors are not yet
experienced in construction of such bridges. Structural analysis will be the same but design of
pre-stressed girders will be made as per standard books on pre-stressed concrete. However,
provisions made in published standard drawings of pre-stressed concrete reinforcement and
concrete bridge made by Department of Roads, Nepal and IRC will be analyzed for
incorporation in the design.
Step V If a steel bridge is considered suitable due to site – conditions where provision of piers is either
costly or impractical, steel bridge will be designed as per IRC: 24 – 1987.
Step VI Steel beam with concrete slab bridge may be economical between 25m to 40m span. Structural
analyses are the same but design will be made as per IRC codes.
Step VII If span is between 6m to 13m, RC spine beam type bridges may be economical. Analysis and
design will be similar to RCC slab with little modification.
Step VIII For spans between 15 m to 40 m; reinforced concrete box type deck may be suitable. Analysis
and design will be made as per Technical Report No. 52. by Maisel B.I. etc., cement and
concrete association, United Kingdom.
Step IX Remaining component of superstructure such as bearing, expansion joint, drainage spout,
wearing coat will be designed and provided as per standard provisions.
E. Design of River Training Works

Step I Careful study of topographic map, hydrological and geological investigation will give
information regarding erosion of banks, overtopping of flood water, type of sediment in flood
water, meandering nature of river, minimum water level during dry season etc. to decide on type
and extent of guide bank and protection works.

Step II Site data such as road survey plan, contoured site plan, cross section of river, hydrological data,
geotechnical data, environmental/ecological data, extent of land available, borrow – pit, actual
photographs, design discharge, scour depth, afflux etc. shall be collected/analyzed.
Step III Provision of guide bund shall comprise assessment of alignment of approach embankment, type
of guide bank (such as divergent type, convergent type, parallel type) length of guide bank,
curved head and tail, sweep angle, top width, side slope, slope protection, size and weight of
stone, thickness of pitching, toe-protection, launching apron etc.
Step IV Provision of spurs shall require assessment of selection of type and materials of construction in
view of identified functions to be performed. Spurs may be permeable/impermeable type,
submersible/non-submersible, attracting/ deflecting/ repelling type on T-headed depending on
function to be served.
Step V Depending on possibility of bank failure, especially approach road and abutment, bank
protection – work is required. Design of revetment, trimming slopes and planting or application
of bio-engineering techniques will be done. Design of approach road – protection will depend on
magnitude of velocity of flow. Little revetment or application of bioengineering works will serve
the purpose flow velocity is up to 10 m/sec. If velocity is more than 1 m/sec coupled with
significant intensity of discharge, angle of crossing, scour pattern etc. spur will be designed and
place as per polar diagram coupled with thick revetment along approach embankment.
Collection of data and design of river training works, will in general, conform to IRC: 89:1985 :
Guidelines for design and construction or river training works and control works for road
bridges.
2.1.15 DRAWINGS
Detailed construction drawings of structural elements like girders; slab, piers, abutments foundations etc
will be prepared in approved scales. These drawings will contain detail arrangements of reinforcements
including bar bending schedules, specifications and quantity of construction materials to be used. All other
drawings will be submitted in details specified, required for the unhindered implementation of the bridge
will be prepared.
2.1.16 QUANTITY AND COST ESTIMATE
The consultant will compute the quantities of all items of works to be carried out. Rate analysis of
individual items will be prepared on the basis of current labor and materials costs in the project districts,
with prior consultation with DOR. Cost estimate of the whole work will be based on the computed
quantities and the rates.

2.1.17 CHECKLIST
Check lists will be prepared by the consultant for the steps to be followed during different stage of work
like Field Study, Topographic Surveys, Geological Studies, and Preparation of Final Reports etc. Consultant
will frequently verify whether it complies with the checklist during field work, design phase and before
submission of reports
2.1.18 SUBMISSION OF REPORTS
The consultants will prepare reports containing all the required components of the design and will be
submitted with all details TOR:
Table 4 Submission of Reports
S. No. Type of Report No. of Copies
Draft Final
1 Field Report 2
2 Preliminary Design Report 3 copies with presentation
3 Main Report 2 5
4 Drawings 2 5
5 Design Calculation 2 3
6 BoQ and Specification 2 5
7 Electronic Copy 2 copies in hard plastic case

2.2 ORGANIZATION OF FIELD / OFFICE WORKS
In order to fulfill the task timely and efficient manner, the proposed consultant services demand a careful co-
ordination, planning and management of the all activities, adherence to strict organization principle, deployment
of adequate resources on time and will thought monitoring mechanism to control the activities of the personnel
and quality of work. The consultant has developed the organization structure and work plan by considering all
these factors to meet the requirements of the TOR, which includes performance standard.
The success of the project will depend in large on the composition of the team assembled to undertake the work
and the qualification and ability of the individuals assigned to the project. The personnel must represent a
combination of skills, including a high degree of technical expertise in a number of disciplines and successful
professional experience in standard setting, with cross-cultural skills enabling them to work in collaboration with
project officials, other agencies and professionals related to the proposed road project.
The Consultant proposes the Project Team with experts who are technically qualified in all aspects of road,
bridge, geology, socio-economy and environment as well as operation, maintenance, construction, design,
financial and supervisory management. The members of the proposed project team have the educational
qualification and experience required for the service described in the Terms of Reference.
The project team will be under the overall guidance of the Team Leader. Most of the personnel proposed and
drawn are from the full time pool / part time of the Firm.
The proposed team has been formed and organized in such a way so as to enable the Consultant to provide the
optimum combination of resource and experience to assure the successful completion of the project.

2.3 PROJECT ORGANIZATION CHART
Consultant Client
Unique Engineering Consultancy (P) Ltd DoR, Bridge Branch
Assignment
Feasibility Study, Detailed Engineering design, Soil Investigation, Hydrological Study and Detailed design work of Rural Road
Bridge Design Engineer Geologist/Geo-tech Engineer Hydrologist
Support Staffs
Civil Engineer/Surveyor :
Senior Surveyor :
Cad Operator :
Computer Operator:

Figure15: Project Organizational Chart
2.4 OVERALL OUTLINE OF METHODOLOGY
Start
Desk Study:
 Collecting all data, maps and Standard Norms, Preparation of Work Plan and Orientation of
Team.
Technical Feasibility Study:

 Reviewing the available data, collecting, reviewing and analysis of field data to be used in the
study and conducting analysis to decide upon the technical feasibility of the bridge sites (s)
 A cost comparison of different types of bridge shall be made before proceeding for soil
Investigation of the bridge site.
Technical Detailed Field Survey:
 Geological and geomorphologic study.

 Bridge site selection by various methods as described in detail methodology
 (P)
Engineering Consultancy Topographical
Ltd survey 41
 Bore- holes, field test and laboratory test.
Detailed Design:
 Based on the collected information and results of the discussions, preliminary design, final
bridge design shall be made.
Engineering Drawing
 Based on the detailed design results, engineering drawing shall be prepared.
Quantity Calculation and Cost estimate:
 Based on the result of detailed design and drawings, quantity calculation and cost estimate
shall be prepared
Text Report Preparation:
 Based on the final result obtained from field study, detailed design and drawings, text report
shall be prepared.
Figure 16: Overall outline of Methodology

2.5 PROJECT CYCLE OF BRIDGE PROJECT
End Start
Technical
Feasibility Study
Report Preparation
Geological, Geomorphologic Study
Detailed Design
Field Survey
Geotechnical Investigation
Hydrological and Hydraulic Study
Figure 17: Project Cycle of Bridge Project

2.6 TEAM COMPOSITION AND TASK ASSIGNMENT
For a multidisciplinary assignment it is important to define responsibilities of each of the expert's right from the
beginning so that services can be delivered with minimum of overlaps and conflicts. It is also important that all
aspects of the assignment are fully covered. The responsibility matrix is presented in Table 5, which is self-
explanatory. The primary (tagged with symbol () and supporting (tagged with symbol () roles of the experts
are identified and marked. Similarly, task assignments to each of the experts are presented in Table 1b in bullet
form, which are also indicated in their respective CVs.
Table 5: Responsibility Matrix
(Bridge/ Structural
Senior Surveyor
Civil Engineer/
Team Leader
Geotechnical
Hydrologist
Engineer)
Engineer
Activities
Review and study of norms followed, design

criteria and bridge design of the existing    
Rural/ Highway bridges.
Develop planning and implementation
modality focusing on the center of population    
approach.
Desk Study    
Technical Feasibility Study    
Geological and Geomorphologic Study    
Bridge Site Selection    
Topographical Survey    
Hydrological Study    
Hydraulic Study    
Seismological Study    
Subsurface Exploration    
Bore-holes, fields and laboratory tests    
Detailed design and quantity/ Cost estimate   
Checklist Preparation   
Presentation of the works   
Submission of Reports   
Table 6: Team Composition and Detailed Task Assignment

Professional Staffs
Name Position Task
Team Leader Desk Study, review and study of norms followed, design

(Bridge Design criteria and map study
Engineer) Preliminary Technical Feasibility Study, GPS study 
Geological and Geomorphologic Study 
Bridge Site Selection, axis fixing, span measurement 
Hydrological Study 
Consideration on Environment Protection 
Analysis of field data, records, preliminary design 
Recommend for appropriate bridge site, design to be made

and submission of reports,
Geotechnical Desk study, study of geological maps of the area 
Engineer Geological, Geomorphologic and Seismological Study 
Bridge Site Selection 
Recommend for depth of soil exploration for detail study 
Hydrologist Desk study, study of hydrological data and records 
Bridge Site Selection, identification of catchment area 
Hydrological Study of the proposed bridge site 
Analysis of hydraulic data and records to forecast the peak

flow at the bridge site location
Submission of Reports 
Civil Engineer/ Review and study of norms followed, design criteria and

Surveyor bridge design of the existing Rural/ Highway bridges.
Desk Study 
Technical Feasibility Study 
Bridge Site Selection 
Topographical Survey 
Detailed design and quantity/ Cost estimate 
Presentation of the works 
Submission of Reports 

2.7 ACTIVITY (WORK) SCHEDULE
The project is planned to commence in 2020 and will complete these work within 9 weeks. The work schedule
is prepared in line with the TOR and to meet the required milestones of activities during implementation of the
project. Our preliminary activity (Work) schedule is shown in Figure below. The work schedule shows realistic
estimates of time frame of various activities and timing of major events. It is a self-explanatory that the work
activities should be performed concurrently, taking into account of nature of the works and duration allocated
for the project.
The consultant will submit field report, preliminary report, draft report and final report as per ToR. If required,
specific report will also be submitted in the special condition and situation as demanded or in the condition that
the consultant should feel it is necessary to submit the specific report without any demand. Project completion
report will be submitted after four month of the completion of the project.
If not indicated otherwise in the contract documents the consultant will complete the assigned works as per the
following schedule:
(i) Inception Report within 3 (Two) weeks started from the date of signing of the Agreement.
(ii) Draft Report within 1(one) month started from the date of the submission of the field report.
(iii) Final Report within 2(Two) weeks after receiving comments and suggestion from the concerned
Rural Municipality on the draft report.

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Government of Nepal

Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport

FEASIBILITY STUDY, DETAIL ENGINEERING

Bagh Dwar Khola Bridge along Chulachuli Marg Road,

ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD.

FEASIBILITY STUDY, DETAIL ENGINEERING SURVEY, SOIL INVESTIGATION,

Data Sources and Credits

ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD.

Project Executing Government of Nepal

ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD.

ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD.

Figure 1: Project location Districts in Nepal –Illam

PROJECT LOCATION ILLAM

Figure 1: Project location Districts in Nepal –Illam.............................................................................................iv

Table 4.6: Discharge of Different Return Periods 41.........................................................................................x

Table 2: Laboratory Tests 91...........................................................................................................................xii

2.1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TASK, ACTIVITY AND OUTPUTS............................................................25

List of Tables & Figures

Table 6: Team Composition and Detailed Task Assignment.............................................................44

1.2 SITE VISIT

 Team Leader (Bridge/Structural Engineer)

Engineering Consultancy (P) Ltd 10

Salient Features of CONTRACT NO: Bridge Sites

1.2.1 Bagh Dwar Khola Bridge

Particulars Required information / number / range / value(s)

Engineering Consultancy (P) Ltd 11

1.2.2 CATCHMENTS CHARACTERISTICS

Engineering Consultancy (P) Ltd 12

Catchment Area = 4.1 Km2

Engineering Consultancy (P) Ltd 13

1.2.3 HYDRAULIC DATA ANALYSIS

WECS/DHM STUDY METHOD

Q100 = 14.63(A+1) 0.7342

The flood flows for any return period R is governed by

QR = exp (InQ2+ S)

S = standardized normal variable for a particular return period R.

Table 4.2: Return Period

Return Period 2 5 10 20 50 100 200

S 0 0.842 1.202 1.645 2.054 2.326 2.576

Catchments Area = A = 4.1 Km2

Two year flood Q2 = 2.29 (A)^0.86 7.706 m3/s

Engineering Consultancy (P) Ltd 14

Table 4.3: Discharge of Different Return Periods

Return Period(T) Standardized normal Variate, snv Peak flood (m3/s)

Total Basin Area (A) 4.1 km2

T, Years CT QT, m3/s

Estimation of Hydrological Parameters (MHSP Method)

Project Location Chulachuli

Fuller's Formula (Formula derived for catchment of USA)

Return Period, year Flood , m3/s

For Return period 500 years 500 14.65

Tahal (2002) formula

Catchment area A 4.1 sq km

Return period years Qt, m3/s

1.2.4 DESIGN DISCHARGE

Engineering Consultancy (P) Ltd 17

Table 4.11 Summary of Flood Discharge

1.2.5 LINEAR WATER WAY OF THE FLOOD

According to Kellerhals, mean channel width is given by