Sultan Mehmed Al-Fateh

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A leader who is both religious and forgiving.

Sultan Mehmed al-Fateh instituted a system of education that was overseen by a number of
prominent academics of the day, including Sheikh Aq Shamsuddin and Mulla al-Kurani. This
collection of intellectuals had a significant impact on his personality and worldview, shaping him
into a religious and tolerant leader. He studied the Quran, hadith, fiqh, and contemporary
sciences such as mathematics, astronomy, history and military education. He was a pious young
man. In fact, he rarely performed prayers alone, except in the mosque.

Constantinople's conquest

Sultan Mehmed al-Fateh had examined and studied his father's efforts to seize Constantinople
from infancy. During the first two years after succeeding to the throne, he studied the city plan of
Constantinople in detail every night in order to find any points of vulnerability in the capital. His
battle was based on the most recent techniques that were acceptable to apply. His Majesty had
made plans to take Constantinople by amassing a huge and sophisticated army. His army
consisted of around 265 000 mujahids and was armed with 400 ships. He also directed the
creation of cutting-edge military equipment, such as a 1.5-kilometer-long gun capable of firing a
300-kilogram bomb.

Creating a conquering path to Europe/Balkans

Rumeli Hisari was erected on the European side of the cliffs, around eight kilometres from
Constantinople. He also signed peace treaties with Wallachia, Serbia, and Hungary in order to
isolate Constantinople in the event of an assault. He took with him a regiment of intellectuals and
motivational specialists in an attempt to take the capital of Constantinople. To the battlefield to
burn, his army's jihadist spirit notably on their approach to the city's strong fortifications.

Siege and opening of the City of Constantinople

On Wednesday, April 19, 1453, equal to 12 Rabiulakhir 857H, Constantinople was besieged and
assaulted by an army of 265 000 soldiers. Artillery rounds poured down for 48 days, but barely
damaged a portion of the city's outer fortifications. Among the battle tactics utilized was the
employment of a movable tower taller than the city of Constantinople. The Islamic army's artillery
set fire to the Byzantine ships. The Muslim army was also inspired and indoctrinated with the
spirit of jihad so that they would not become weary of the 53-day siege with no signs of success.
The Muslim troops yelled “takbir” and constructed a tunnel towards Constantinople. Finally, on
May 29, 1453, he and his army captured Constantinople. He established the veracity of the
Prophet Muhammad SAW's hadith. The name of the city was changed from Constantinople to
Istanbul. During the rule of the Ottoman Caliphate, Istanbul was made the capital. The St. Sophies
Church was eventually turned into the Aya Sophia Mosque.

Unification of territories and expansion of the empire into Europe -

The unification effort was carried out to put a stop to the Magyar onslaught. To do this, he had
to seize control of Serbia's government. However, the Christian army refused to sanction the
invasion, forcing Sultan Mehmed al-Fateh to retire for a while. However, following the dispute for
the succession among Belgrade's royal family, Sultan Mehmed al-Fateh took advantage of the
chance to seize Belgrade, and he finally succeeded. Sultan Mehmed al-Fateh also succeeded in
destroying the military coalition formed by the Albanian government to topple him. As a result of
this victory, the Ottoman Turkish government's authority in Europe grew.

The city of Istanbul is growing in population.


This step was done because the city's population was falling owing to war fatalities. He ordered
the Greeks who had fled their houses to return to the city. He also commanded that the states
under his dominion send delegates to the city to help it thrive. Because of its advantageous
location, Muslims from Asia have also flocked to the new capital to do business. The major
element driving the inflow of immigrants to this city, however, is Sultan Muhammad al-
benevolence Fateh's and compassion, who frequently fed his people without prejudice.

Construct mosques

For Muslims, St. Sophia serves as a place of prayer. The chapel is now known as the Aya Sofia
Mosque. The mosque structure was changed in accordance with Islamic architecture. The
mosque's walls and pillars are adorned with magnificent calligraphy phrases from the Quran. A
tower was constructed outside the mosque. The number of towers grew to three under the reign
of the following sultan. He also constructed one mosque, including one near the tomb of Abu
Ayyub al-Ansarri. A white dome was placed on the side of this mosque. This location later became
a center for philosophers.

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