Unit 6 Study Notes

Unit 6 Study notes
Table of contents
Lesson 6.1: Places in the neighbourhood................................................................................................................2
Lesson 6.2: There is / There are .............................................................................................................................3
There is / There are = Hay ...............................................................................................................................3
Lesson 6.3: Cardinal and ordinal numbers ..............................................................................................................4
List of some cardinal and ordinal numbers .......................................................................................................4
Lesson 6.4: Some and any, no, a lot of, a few, a couple of ......................................................................................6
Some, any and no ...............................................................................................................................................6
A lot of, a few, a couple of ...................................................................................................................................6
Revision: a / an ....................................................................................................................................................6
Lesson 6.5: The ‘s’ in English ..................................................................................................................................7
1
Lesson 6.1: Places in the neighbourhood
Here is a list of the English name for places you find in a town or city, and the word for each place in Spanish.
English Spanish
apartment block, block of flats departamentos
art gallery galería de arte
bank banco
basketball rink cancha de basquetbol
bookstore librería
café café
cinema, movie theatre cine
corner store abarrotes
department store grandes almacenes, tienda
departamental ej. Parisina Moda
fast food places lugares para comprar comida rápida, ej.
McDonalds, Domino’s Pizza, etc.
football field, football pitch cancha de fútbol
grocery store tienda de comestibles, tienda de
abarrotes
gym, fitness centre gimnasio
hairdresser’s peluquería
hospital hospital
library biblioteca
mall, shopping mall centro comercial
museum museo
nightclub disco, club
park parque
pharmacy, chemist’s, farmacia
drugstore
restaurant restaurant
stadium estadio
store / shop tienda
supermarket supermercado
2
Lesson 6.2: There is / There are
There is / There are = Hay
‘There is’ y ‘There are’ en inglés son equivalentes a decir ‘Hay’ en español. Si hay una cosa o si es una cosa que
no podemos contar, usamos ‘There is’. Si hay más de una cosa, decimos ‘There are.’
Example:
There is a bed in the room. There are two pillows on the bed.
There is a closet. There are some clothes hanging in the closet.
There is a chest at the foot of the bed. There are some toys in the chest.
There is a chest of drawers next to the bed. There is nothing on the chest of drawers.
There aren't any chairs in the room. There isn't any money in the room.
There aren't any people in the room.
3
Lesson 6.3: Cardinal and ordinal numbers
Cardinal numbers are the numbers we use every day. We use them to count things, to say our age, to give
telephone numbers or addresses or give the year. Se usa los números cardinales todo el tiempo: para contar,
decir la edad, dar números de teléfono o direcciones, o decir el año.
Examples:
There are three apples on the tree. Hay tres manzanas en el árbol.
I am 25 (twenty-five) years old. Tengo 25 años.
My address is 12 (twelve) Smith Street. Mi dirección es 12 Smith Street.
Ordinal numbers are the numbers that we use to indicate places, rankings, etc. Se usa los números ordinales
para dar una fecha, poner cosas en secuencia, decir el piso del edificio, decir cual versión del festival u otro
evento es.
Examples:
She came first in the race. Ella ganó el primer lugar en la carrera.
I live on the second floor. Vivo en el segundo piso.
My birthday is on the fifteenth of March. My birthday is March fifteenth.(*Mi cumpleaños es el decimoquinto de
marzo. – Nota: no se dice eso en español, pero se usa esa forma en inglés.)
In English, the ordinal numbers for 1, 2 and 3 are irregular. Add ‘th’ after the number for all other numbers.
Remove the ‘y’ and add ‘ieth’ after the number for all numbers ending in ‘0’, starting with 20.
List of some cardinal and ordinal numbers

Irregular spellings: five  fifth; twelve  twelfth
Number Cardinal Ordinal Ordinal Ordinal number (Spanish)
number numbers number
1 one 1st first primero
2 two 2nd second segundo
3 three 3rd third tercero
4 four 4th fourth cuarto
5 five 5th fifth quinto
6 six 6th sixth sexto
7 seven 7th seventh septimo
8 eight 8th eighth octavo
9 nine 9th ninth noveno
10 ten 10th tenth décimo
11 eleven 11th eleventh undécimo / decimoprimero
12 twelve 12th twelfth duodécimo / decimosegundo
13 thirteen 13th thirteenth decimotercero
20 twenty 20th twentieth vigésimo
21 twenty-one 21st twenty-first vigésimo primero
33 thirty-three 33rd thirty-third trigésimo tercero
4
Number Cardinal Ordinal Ordinal Ordinal number (Spanish)
number numbers number
45 forty-five 45th forty-fifth cuadragésimo quinto
100 one 100th one hundredth centésimo
hundred
101 one 101st one hundred centésimo primero
hundred and first
and one
5
Lesson 6.4: Some and any, no, a lot of, a few, a couple of
Some, any and no

We use ‘some’ (algunos / algunas) with affirmative sentences.
Example:
There are some dogs in the park.(Hay algunos perros en el parque.)
We use ‘any’ (ningunos / ningunas) with negative sentences (i.e. we use ‘any’ in sentences with ‘not’).
Example:
There aren’t any cats in the park. (No hay ningunos gatos en el parque.)
We use ‘no’ (ningunos / ningunas) in affirmative sentences to give a negative meaning.
Example:
There are no cats in the park. (No hay ningunos gatos en el parque.)
A lot of, a few, a couple of

‘A lot of’ means ‘muchos / muchas.’
‘A few’ means ‘unos cuantos’ o ‘algunos’ (when the number is low).
‘A couple of’ means ‘dos’.
Revision: a / an
We use ‘a’ before a singular noun when the noun starts with a consonant sound. (Se usa ‘a’ enfrente de un
sustantivo, cuando el sustantivo empieza con sonido de consonante y cuando solamente hay uno.)
We use ‘an’ before a singular noun when the noun starts with a vowel sound. (Se usa ‘an’ enfrente de un
sustantivo, cuando el sustantivo empieza con sonido de vocal y cuando solamente hay uno.)
6
Lesson 6.5: The ‘s’ in English
Let’s revise the use of the ‘s’ in English.
Watch this video: https://youtu.be/xKHP8uobeRs
We have seen that the ‘s’ can be used in four different situations.
s/’s Rule Examples

Plural nouns one book – two books
1.
s one mango – two mangoes
one dictionary – two dictionaries
Third person singular ‘s’ in We buy groceries. – Mark buys groceries.
2.
s the simple present (he / she / I teach Physics. – Helen teaches Physics.
it)
You catch the ball. – The dog catches the ball.
They study Spanish. – She studies Spanish.
I don’t live here. – He doesn’t live here.
Contraction of ‘is’ He is a teacher. – He’s a teacher.
3.
’s The book is on the table. – The book’s on the table.
There is a pencil on the table. – There’s a pencil on
the table.
Possessive ’s
4.
’s The book belongs to Rosa. It is Rosa’s book. (el libro
de Rosa)
My sister’s name is Teresa. (el nombre de mi
hermana)

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Unit 6 Study notes

List of some cardinal and ordinal numbers

Some, any and no

A lot of, a few, a couple of

s/’s Rule Examples

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