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MATHEMATICS
Quarter 4 – Module 6
Measures of Position and Other
Statistical Methods
Mathematics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 6: Measures of Position and Other Statistical Methods
First Edition, 2020

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Mathematics
Quarter 4 – Module 6
Measures of Position and Other
Statistical Methods
 I

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
• Use appropriate measures of position and other statistical
methods in analyzing and interpreting data.
(M10SP-IV-j-1).
OBJECTIVES:
K: Recall measures of position and measures of center.
S: Use appropriate measures of position and other statistical
methods in analysing and interpreting data.
A: Appreciate the importance of measures of position and other
Statistical methods in making wise decisions.
in making wise decisions.
I

Read each question carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer in your activity notebook.

1. Terry’s quizzes in her Mathematics subject are 10,15,18,18,12,20,19 and 18. Find the
mean.
A. 13.25 B. 13.5 C. 16.05 D. 16.25
2. Rod’s score in Science for the third quarter is D8 and got the score of 20. What does it
mean?
A. 8% of his scores are less than or equal to 20.
B. 80% of his scores are less than or equal to 22.
C. 80% of his scores are less than or equal to 20.
D. 88% of his scores are less than or equal to 22.
3. The numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4 have weights of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 respectively. What is
the weighted mean?
A. 3.2 B. 3 C. 2.8 D. 2.5
4. Given a test in Statistics, the 75% percentile score is 20. What does it mean?
A. Students should answer correctly at least 20 items to pass the test.
B. Students should answer correctly at least 10 items to pass the test
C. Students should answer 75 points to pass the test
D. Students should answer 25 points to pass the test
5. A class of 30 students took Geography test, 28 students had an average score of 80%.
The remaining students were sick and took the test the following week. They had an
average score of 77%. What was the average score for the whole class?
A. 80 B. 79.80 C. 77.20 D. 77.0

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 Lesson Measures of Position and Measures of Center

’s In
What do you do when you are lost? You use tools such as compass
and GPS to figure out where you are and how to get where you are
going. Well, in statistics there are ways to figure out where a data
point or set falls. These are measures of position and measures of
center. Once we know where a data set or model is, we can figure
out what to do and interpret it.

Activity 1: Fill me UP!

Write the equivalent measure of position. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
1. 1st quartile = ____________ percentile
2. 80th percentile = ____________ decile
3. 2nd quartile = ____________ decile
4. 3rd quartile = ____________ percentile
5. 4th decile = ____________ percentile

Some measures of position are expressed in percentiles, deciles or quartiles and it is very
important to be able to compare these measures of position.

Scenario 1: Dominic and Ann took a test together. Dominic’s score belonged to the 2nd
quartile. Anne’s score belonged to the 75th percentile. Who got a bigger score in the test?
Answer: Dominic’s score belonged to the 50th percentile. Anne’s score belonged to the 3rd
quartile. Therefore, Anne got a bigger score in the test.

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Activity 2: GUESS THE WORD
Instruction: Rearrange the letters inside the circle to reveal the answer in each given
statement.

1._______- is the collection of information 3.________- refers to the most frequent score
pertaining to a study under investigation. in a data set.

2.________- is a number resulting by adding 4.________- refers to the middle point of a

all data points and dividing by the number of number set in which half the numbers are
data points and sometimes called the average. above and half are below and arranged in
ascending or descending order.

’s New

Analysis of Data takes place after a statistical treatment was done to a collected, organized
and presented set of data. A researcher may draw conclusions from results of the statistical
treatment. The “center “of a data set is also a way of describing location. Mean, median and
mode are the three measures of center or measures of central tendency.
Example1: Two contestants in a beauty contest garnered the following scores from 7 judges.
Judge Contestant 1 Contestant 2
1 97 96
2 96 99
3 98 96
4 95 90
5 96 96
6 97 95
7 90 93

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 ̅ , add the values of all the entries and divide by the number of
A. Computing the Mean 𝑿
entries.

Contestant 1: ̅ = 97+96+98+95+96+97+90 Contestant 2: ̅ 96+99+96+90+96+95+93

𝑿 7
𝑿= 7
669 665
= =
7 7

̅ = 95.57
𝑿 ̅ = 95
𝑿
This means that contestant 1 is better than contestant 2.

B. Computing the median. The median is the central value of an ordered distribution.
To find it:
1. Arrange the scores from descending or ascending order.
Contestant 1: 98 97 97 96 96 95 90 Contestant 2: 99 96 96 96 95 93 90
2. Locate the middle value.
Contestant 1: Median = 96 Contestant 2: Median = 96
Using the median, one can conclude that the contestants had the same performance
rating.

Note: For an odd number of data values in the distribution, median is the middle value while
for even number of data in the distribution,

𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑑𝑙𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠

Median = 2

C. Computing the Mode

Find the number with most occurrence or highest frequency.

Contestant 1: Contestant 2 :
Score Frequency Score Frequency
97 2 93 3
96 2
97+96
X= = 96.5
2

Using the mode, one can conclude that the contestants had the same performance.
Contestant 1 Contestant 2
Mean 95.57 95
Median 96 96
Mode 96.5 96

The most appropriate measures of center or measures of central tendency to make

conclusions in the given set of data are the mean and mode. Thus, contestant 1 performed
better than contestant 2.

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 is It

In this module, knowing the steps in computing mean, median and mode is an
important skill needed to understand the concepts of using appropriate measures of position
and other statistical methods in analyzing and interpreting data. You can use the mean if there
are no extreme values in the data set. Extreme values or outliers are data values that is much
greater or much less than the other values. This data value affects the value of the mean or
arithmetic average when extreme values are included in a set of data, the mean may become
less representative of the set of data. However, the values of the median and the mode are
not affected by extreme values in the set of data. Mean or median should be used for
quantitative data (numerical data) and mode for qualitative data (categorical data).

Example 1: Consider five block-towers with heights of 3, 2, 4, 1, and 5 blocks. Find the mean
height of these five block towers by rearranging the blocks to the same height.

We see from the picture that, "on the average", the 5 towers are 3 blocks tall. Notice
that this is exactly the same solution as when we find the mean of the heights of the towers
numerically:

3+2+4+1+5 15
= = 3
5 5

Example 2: The amounts of money spent per elementary student in two provinces are listed
below. Determine the mean of the values in each column. Which of the two provinces show
that using the mean is the best representative?

Province A Province B
Expenditures Expenditures
School per Students School per Students
( in Pesos) ( in Pesos)
A 17,800 T 8000
C 8000 D 7600
W 7400 L 7000
O 6000 B 6800

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Solution:

Province A Province B

17,800+8000+7400+6000 8000+7600+7000+6800
Mean = Mean =
4 4

39200 29400
𝑋̅ = 𝑋̅ =
4 4

𝑋̅ = 9800 𝑋̅ = 7350

In province A, 17,800 is an extreme value. In this case, the mean is not a representative of the
data.

In province B, there are no extreme values in this set. In this case, the mean is a
representative of the data.

WEIGHTED AVERAGE

A weighted average (weighted mean or scaled average) is used when we consider some
data values to be more important than other values and so we want them to contribute more to
the final "average".
Example 3: In Rex's school, Math grade for the year are calculated from assignments, tests
and a final exam. Assignments count 30%, tests 20%, and the final exam 50%. If Rex has an
assignment grade of 85, a test grade of 72, and an exam of 61, what is Rex's overall grade?

Rex's overall grade is the weighted mean

=( 0.3 × 85) +( 0.2 × 72) + (0.5 × 61)
= 25.5 + 14.4 + 30.5
= 70.4

Finding the weighted average given the table

Example 4: A group of people were surveyed for how many movies they had seen in a week.
The table below shows the results of the survey.
Total movies seen 0 1 2 3 4 5
Number of people 4 3 10 7 12 3

a. How many people took part in the survey?

Solution: (Add) 4 + 3 + 10 +7 +12 +3 = 39 people
b. What was the total number of movies seen in a week by all the survey takers?
Solution: Multiply the number of people to the total movies seen. Then, find the total.
4 (0) + 3(1) + 10 (2) + 7(3) + 12 (4) + 3(5)
0 + 3 + 20 + 21 + 48 + 15 = 107, sum of the weighted terms.
c. What was the average number of movies seen in a week per person surveyed? Round
your answer to the nearest whole number.

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Solution: Using the formula

𝑆𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠

Weighted Average = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠
107
= 39
= 2.74 ≅ 3, average number of movies seen in a week.

MEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION

The standard deviation is the measure of the variation of a set of data in terms of the
amounts by which the individual values differ from their mean. If two sets of data
have the same mean, it does not follow that the data are identical. They usually differ
in the way the data are distributed. To indicate how the data are dispersed, the
measure widely used is the standard deviation (SD).

In calculating the standard deviation of ungrouped data, the steps to follow are :
1. Find the mean . (𝑋̅)
2. Determine the deviations d from the mean (X -𝑋̅).
3. Square the deviations d 2,
4. Add all the squared deviations (∑ 𝑑 2),
5. Divide by n , and
6. Take the square root of the result obtained in 5.

Example 1:
a. What is the mean of 2 , 3, 4, 6, 9 and 12 ?
2+3+4+6+9+12 36
𝑋̅ = = = 6.
6 6

b. Copy and complete the table below.

Score (x) d (Deviation from the mean)or (X -𝑋̅). d 2(squared deviation)
2 (2 -6) = -4 ( -4 2 )= 16
3 -3 9
4 -2 4
6 0 0
9 3 9
12 6 36
∑ 𝑑2 = 74

74
Step 5: = 12.33
6

Step 6: SD = √12.33 = 3.51

c. Guide Questions:

1. How far below average is 2 ? answer : 4 units

2. Why has 6 a deviation of 0 ? answer :because 6 and the value of the

mean are equal.

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 3. Which score is 3 units above the average? answer : 9

4. What does deviation of the score tell you? It tells us how far the given
score from the mean.

Remember:

∑ 𝑑2
To find the standard deviation for ungrouped data, use the formula: SD= √ 𝑛

where s – standard deviation n = number of cases

∑ 𝑑2 - sum of squared deviation d = deviation from the mean
Observed that a large standard deviation means that the scores are spread out from the
mean while a small value of standard deviation indicates that the scores are closely
clustered from the mean.

’s More

ACTIVITY 3: Treat me a dinner!

At a bowling party, the members of the junior class decided to separate into two teams and
the team with the lower mean would have to make dinner for the other team. The table below
shows the two teams and their scores.
Team A Score Team B Score
Ted 251 Debby 102
Elly 212 Tom 211
Mandi 212 Jeff 143
Paul 180 Smith 145
Maria 189 Rene 134
Brian 160 Yolanda 105
Roy 150 Precy 99
Lucy 175 Joy 202

a. What are the mean, median and mode for Team A? for Team B?

b. Which team had to make dinner?

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ACTIVITY 4: Is it section A , B or C ?
A teacher is comparing the performance of the three sections she is handling in terms of mean
and standard deviation of students’ scores in the achievement test .
A B C
Mean 42.5 41.65 44.9
SD (standard deviation) 3.7 3.15 2.9

a. Which section performed best during the year?

b. Which scores are more different from each other ?
c. Which section do you think is easier to handle?

I Have
Learned
Directions:

Directions: Write your reflection in your notebook by completing the statements below.
I have learned that ______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
I have realized that _____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
I will apply ___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

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 I Can Do

The following scores were obtained by two students in four mathematics quizzes.
Nilo 5 6 14 15
Lisa 8 9 11 12

a. Solve for the mean scores of Nilo and Lisa.

b. Solve for the standard deviation(s) of the scores of Nilo and Lisa.
c. Interpret the results.

You will be graded based on the rubric below.

RUBRIC FOR PROBLEM SOLVING

Areas of Assessment A B C D
Comprehension/Explanation Explanation is Explanation Explanation is a No explanation
of the analysis and detailed and clear is clear little difficult to
interpretation understand

5 points 4 points 3 points 1 point

Computational Skills 100% of the steps Few errors of Several errors of Numerous
and solutions have the steps and the steps and errors of the
no mathematical solutions solutions steps and
errors solutions

5 points 4 points 3 points 1 point

Neatness and Organization The work is The work is The work is The work
presented in a neat, presented in a presented in an appears sloppy
clear and organized neat and organized and
manner that is easy organized manner but unorganized.
to understand. manner. difficult to
understand.

5 points 4 points 3 points 1 point

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Instructions: Identify what is asked or described in each item. Write the correct answer and
solution in your activity notebook.

For numbers 1-2, refer to the given situation. Marc’s midterm test score is 83 and the final
exam score is 95. Using weights of 40% for the midterm and 60% for the final exam.

1. Compute and find the weighted average of Marc’s score.

2. If the minimum average for an A is 90, will he earn an A?

3. The monthly salary for employees of a certain business firm are given below:

12 workers earn 8000 each, 10 clerks earn 9000 each, 4 supervisors earn 11,000 and
the owner manager earns 45,000. Which three measures of central tendency will be
least accurate representation of “typical earnings”?

4. Consider the numbers 5, 3, 2, 4, 5. If the numbers represented codes for colors of T-

shirts ordered from a catalog, which measure of central tendency would make sense and
appropriate to use?

5. A student scores 60 on a mathematics test that has a mean of 54 and a standard

deviation of 3, and she scores 80 on a history test with a mean score of 75 and a
standard deviation of 2. On which test did she perform better ?

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Activity 5: Who is the Winner?

A music talent competition uses a panel to judge performers. The performers are judged
according to 4 criteria (shown below). Each judge is asked to award a mark out of 10
for each criterion. If you are one of the tabulators of the competition, show your solution
and determine the winner.

Importance or Score out of 10

Criteria weighting (%) of
criteria Phoebe Charlotte Harry

Vocal quality 40 7 6 8
Musical
30 8 7 7
Accompaniment
Appearance 10 5 9 8

Choreography 20 6 8 5
Overall score
(out of 10)

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 14
Additional Activities: Assessment:
1. Phoebe - 6.9 1. 90.2
2. Charlotte - 7.0 2. YES
3. Harry - 7.1 3. Mean
Harry is the winner. 4. Mode
5. She performed better in History
class.
What I have Learned
Answers may vary.
What’s More
Activity 3:
1. Team A
Mean = 191.125 Median = 184.5
What’s In
Mode=212
Team B Activity 1
Mean = 142.625 Median = 138.5
1. 25
Mode = no mode 2. 8
2.Team B will prepare the dinner. 3. 5
4. 75
Activity 4: 5. 40
a.Section C performed best during the
year. Activity 2
b. Score of Section A are more
different from each other because of 1. DATA
2. MEAN
the larger standard deviation. 3. MODE
c. Section C is easier to handle 4. MEDIAN
because the class is more
homogeneous among the three.
What I Know
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B
References
Books:

Callanta, Melvin M., et.al. Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module. Rex Book Store Inc., 2015.

Dilao, Soledad J. et. al .Advanced Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics IV, NPSBE ., 2009

Websites

https://www.tes.com/resource-detail/download/11770564#

https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/weighted-average-problems.html

https://college.cengage.com/mathematics/brase/understandable_statistics/9780618949922_

ch03.pdf

https://www.jcu.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/115830/Basic-Statistics-3_Describing-

Data_Measures-of-Central-Tendency.pdf

https://www.mathsisfun.com/data/weighted-mean.html
https://centergrove.instructure.com/courses/1823759/pages/module-9-measures-of-position

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Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: [email protected]
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