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Lesson Plan (Class 12information Technology)

The document provides information about an upcoming class on database concepts for 12th standard students, including the chapter topics on database management systems, relational databases, and SQL commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE. The objectives are for students to understand database design and management, and be able to construct and implement relational databases using SQL queries. Practice exercises are assigned to help students learn skills in creating, altering, and manipulating tables using SQL.

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Ravikumar Balasubramanian
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3K views6 pages

Lesson Plan (Class 12information Technology)

The document provides information about an upcoming class on database concepts for 12th standard students, including the chapter topics on database management systems, relational databases, and SQL commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE. The objectives are for students to understand database design and management, and be able to construct and implement relational databases using SQL queries. Practice exercises are assigned to help students learn skills in creating, altering, and manipulating tables using SQL.

Uploaded by

Ravikumar Balasubramanian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ARISTO PUBLIC SCHOOL

APS Avenue, Gadilam By-Pass Road, Thirupadiripuliyur, Cuddalore

Senior Secondary School, Affiliated to CBSE, New Delhi

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2021-22

Subject: Information technology Class & Sec: XII - D

Date &Day: (17-05-21) Monday- (22-05-21) Saturday

No. of. Periods : 7

Chapter no: 1

Chapter Name: Database concepts

Topic:

Database Management System (DBMS)


Characteristics of Database Management Systems
Types of Users of DBMS
Advantages of using DBMS Approach
Limitations of using DBMS Approach
Relational Database
Learning objectives:
The student is will be able to enhance their soft skills and advance their
theoretical knowledge. Working to learn is learning to work. Work integrated learning will
allow you to gain a good grasp of basic work capabilities and a plethora of both soft and
technical skills that you wouldn't necessarily develop without working in a professional
setting.
Understand terms related to database design and management
Understand the objectives of data and information management
Understand the database development process
Understand the relational model and relational database management system
Assess data and information requirements
Construct conceptual data models
Develop logical data models
Evaluate the normality of a logical data model, and correct any anomalies
Develop physical data models for relational database management systems
Implement relational databases using a RDBMS
Retrieve data using SQL
Understand database performance issues
Understand the basics of data management and administration
Understand the basics of data warehousing
Work as a valuable member of a database design and implementation team.
Previous Knowledge Testing Strategies:
Students will be asked questions related to the topic that were thought previous
week and key points and the main syntaxes in java are questioned and due to this students are
able to recollect the topics thought .
Keywords:
In relational model,
A row is called a Tuple.
A column is called an Attribute.
A table is called as a Relation.
The data type of values in each column is called the Domain.
The number of attributes in a relation is called the Degree of a relation.
The number of rows in a relation is called the Cardinality of a relation.
Relation Schema R is denoted by R (A , A , A …, A ) where R is the relation name 1 2
3, n and A , A , A ,….A is the list of attributes. 1 2 3 n
Relation State is the set of tuples in the relation at a point in time. A relation state r of
relation schema R (A1, A2, ..., An), denoted r(R) is a set of n-tuples r = {t1,
t ,...., t }, where each n-tuple is an ordered list of values t = <v , v , ...,v >, where v 2 m
1 2 n i is in domain of A or is NULL. Here n is the degree of the relation and m is the
cardinality of i the relation.
Motivational questions:
What is the difference between SQL and MySQL?
What are the different subsets of SQL?
What do you mean by DBMS? What are its different types?
What do you mean by table and field in SQL?
What are joins in SQL?
What is the difference between CHAR and VARCHAR2 datatype in SQL?
What is the Primary key?
What are Constraints?
Important points:
1. Defining the Database: It involves specifying the data type of data that will be stored in
the database and also any constraints on that data.
2. Populating the Database: It involves storing the data on some storage medium that is
controlled by DBMS.
3. Manipulating the Database: It involves modifying the database, retrieving data or
querying the database, generating reports from the database etc.
Types of Users of DBMS
DBMS is used by many types of users depending on their requirements and interaction with the
DBMS. There are mainly four types of users:
1. End Users: Users who use the database for querying, modifying and generating reports as per
their needs. They are not concerned about the working and designing of the
database. They simply use the DBMS to get their task done.
2. Database Administrator (DBA): As the name implies, the DBA administers the
database and the DBMS. The DBA is responsible for authoring access, monitoring its
use, providing technical support, acquiring software and hardware resources.
Advantages of using DBMS Approach
1. Reduction in Redundancy: Data in a DBMS is more concise because of the central
repository of data. All the data is stored at one place. There is no repetition of the same
data. This also reduces the cost of storing data on hard disks or other memory devices.
2. Improved Consistency: The chances of data inconsistencies in a database are also
reduced as there is a single copy of data that is accessed or updated by all the users.
Data Manipulation Language

DML commands are used to modify the database. It is responsible for all form of changes in the
database.

The command of DML is not auto-committed that means it can't permanently save all the changes in
the database. They can be rollback.

Here are some commands that come under DML:

INSERT
UPDATE

DELETE

a. INSERT: The INSERT statement is a SQL query. It is used to insert data into the row of a table.
Syntax:

INSERT INTO TABLE_NAME

(col1, col2, col3,.... col N)

VALUES (value1, value2, value3, .... valueN);

Or

INSERT INTO TABLE_NAME

VALUES (value1, value2, value3, .... valueN);

For example:

INSERT INTO javatpoint (Author, Subject) VALUES ("Sonoo", "DBMS");

b. UPDATE: This command is used to update or modify the value of a column in the table.
Syntax:

UPDATE table_name SET [column_name1= value1,...column_nameN = valueN]

[WHERE CONDITION]

For example:

UPDATE students SET User_Name = 'Sonoo' WHERE Student_Id = '3'

c. DELETE: It is used to remove one or more row from a table.


Syntax:

DELETE FROM table_name [WHERE condition];

For example:

DELETE FROM javatpoint WHERE Author="Sonoo";

Definition:
A database management system is a collection of programs that enables users to create, maintain
and use a database. It enables creation of a repository of data that is defined once and then
accessed by different users as per their requirements.
SQL is a language that is used to manage data stored in a RDBMS. It comprises of a Data
Definition Language (DDL) and a Data Manipulation Language (DML) where DDL is a
language which is used to define structure and constraints of data and DML is used to
insert, modify and delete data in a database.
Testing aids/resources:
Netbeans 7.3
Mysql
NCERT IT book
Online SQL compiler
Mind map:
SQL commands
Database Environment

Activities:
Assign each students SQL queries related to the topics previously thought.
Exercises:
Create table in SQL
Alter table
Drop table
Insert command
Update command
Select Command
Delete command

Learning outcome:
The student should be able to use an integrated development environment to experiencing
the work-world; developing professional abilities; and applying canonical knowledge
in work contexts. Each outcome class requires different kinds of assessment protocols, and
raises different concerns about validity and reliability.

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