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Alternating Current Lab Sheet

This document outlines experiments to be performed as part of a mechanical engineering lab on fundamental electrical engineering concepts involving alternating current. The experiments aim to: [1] test electrical components for proper functioning; [2] determine the phase shift between voltage and current for resistors, inductors and capacitors using an oscilloscope; and [3] examine the performance of RL and RC series circuits. Formal lab reports are required which include answering questions on experimental procedures, results, and applications of combining components in circuits.

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Alex Zul
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63 views

Alternating Current Lab Sheet

This document outlines experiments to be performed as part of a mechanical engineering lab on fundamental electrical engineering concepts involving alternating current. The experiments aim to: [1] test electrical components for proper functioning; [2] determine the phase shift between voltage and current for resistors, inductors and capacitors using an oscilloscope; and [3] examine the performance of RL and RC series circuits. Formal lab reports are required which include answering questions on experimental procedures, results, and applications of combining components in circuits.

Uploaded by

Alex Zul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA
KIG2011 (Mechanical Engineering Lab IV)
Fundamental of Electrical Engineering (Alternating Current)
Many circuits contain at least resistor, capacitor and inductor components. Very often, they’re
combined in series or parallel for different functions. One selected application is resonance
circuit. When this circuit falls at a right frequency, it is able to generate higher voltage and
current to the circuit. This type of circuit is widely beneficial in the application of transmission
and reception of signal in communication. Therefore, understanding the relationship of these
elements performance with respect to sinusoidal wave is important as initial step in exploring
complex circuit for various applications.

Equipments:

• Multi meters (for ammeter and voltmeter)


• Coil of 500 + 500 turns
• Resistors
• Capacitors
• Wires
• Power supply
• Oscilloscope

Questions:
Write a formal lab report including answering the questions as stated below.

a. How to test each component (resistor, capacitor and inductor) that they are still in good
condition?
b. With a brief description, how to calibrate oscilloscope?
c. Describe logic of the circuit that you build up.
d. Determine the phase shift between voltage and current for each resistor, inductor and
capacitor:
i. Support your answers with necessary schematic diagrams
ii. Confirm your answers with theory and calculation.
e. How do you calculate active and reactive powers of each component (resistor, capacitor
and inductor) in the circuit?
f. Explain three main functions when these components are combined in the applied circuit of
your selected applications (ie other than used as the resonance circuit).
Note: References are required if the information is cited or referred to relevant source.

Test 1 - Test 3: compulsory


Test 4 - Test 5: choose either one

TEST 1

OBJECTIVE: Determine phase shift between voltage and current of resistor, R using
oscilloscope

1. Connect the power supply unit to the mains.


2. Check that the variator knob is in the counterclockwise position.
3. Build the circuit in Figure 1

Figure 1

4. Select the supply voltage shown in the diagram.


5. Initially set the oscilloscope (channel 1 (CH1) to 5V/div and channel 2 (CH2) to
2V/div).
6. Switch on the power supply unit. Clockwise rotate the variator knob until the signal
displayed on CH1 is approximately 30 Vp-p.
7. Measure the phase shift between the supply voltage (CH2) and the current in the circuit
(which is proportional to the voltage across the resistance, R (ie CH1))
8. Open the main switch and unwire the circuit.

TEST 2

OBJECTIVE: Determine phase shift between voltage and current of inductor, L using
oscilloscope

1. Connect the power supply unit to the mains.


2. Check that the variator knob is in the counterclockwise position.
3. Build the circuit in Figure 2.

Figure 2

4. Select the supply voltage shown in the diagram.


5. Initially set the oscilloscope (channel 1 (CH1) to 5V/div and channel 2 (CH2) to
2V/div).
6. Switch on the power supply unit. Clockwise rotate the variator knob until the signal
displayed on CH1 is approximately 30 Vp-p.
7. Measure the phase shift between the supply voltage (CH1) and the current in the circuit
(which is proportional to the voltage across the resistance, R (ie CH2))
8. Open the main switch and unwire the circuit.

TEST 3
OBJECTIVE: Determine phase shift between voltage and current of capacitor, C using
oscilloscope
1. Connect the power supply unit to the mains.
2. Check that the variator knob is in the counterclockwise position.
3. Build the circuit in Figure 3.

Figure 3

4. Select the supply voltage shown in the diagram.


5. Initially set the oscilloscope (channel 1 (CH1) to 5V/div and channel 2 (CH2) to
2V/div).
6. Switch on the power supply unit. Clockwise rotate the variator knob until the signal
displayed on CH1 is approximately 30 Vp-p.
7. Measure the phase shift between the supply voltage (CH1) and the current in the circuit
(which is proportional to the voltage across the resistance, R (ie CH2)).
TEST 4
OBJECTIVE: Determine performance of RL series circuit.
1. Connect the power supply selecting ac output indicated on the diagram
2. Check that the variable transformer knob is turned fully counterclockwise.
3. Build the circuit in Figure 4.

Figure 4

4. Turn on the main switch.


5. Turn the handle of the variable transformer clockwise to maximum.
6. Check the three voltmeters whether V = V1 + V2. Why and what formula would be the
correct one?
7. Set the variable transformer to ‘0’ and disassemble the circuit.
TEST 5
OBJECTIVE: Determine performance of RC series circuit.
1. Connect the power supply selecting ac output indicated on the diagram
2. Check that the variable transformer knob is turned fully counterclockwise.
3. Build the circuit in Figure 5

Figure 5

4. Turn on the main switch.


5. Turn the handle of the variable transformer clockwise to maximum.
6. Check the three voltmeters whether V = V1 + V2 . Why and what formula would be the
correct one?
7. Set the variable transformer to ‘0’ and disassemble the circuit.

- END -

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