POPULATION-BASED ARRANGEMENT STRATEGY WITH A

CAPTURE ARRANGING FRAME TO THE FISHERIES SMALL CRAB:

CASE STUDY IN KONAWE WATERS SOUTH EAST SULAWESI

INTRODUCTION

Southeast Sulawesi is one of the mostpretentious raw material for the canning
industry small crab crab which is a commodity important export bags from the
fisheries sector.This commodity is produced from the peri-businessright small
scale with a fishing gear bu-single bu and gill nets. Second toolthis catch is not
environmentally friendly because captures many non-tar speciesget, only reaching
depths <10m so catch the crab starting from very small size and can't bereleased
again because it was damaged evenand experience death, the consequences can be
put great pressure on the police swimming crab. The use of prototype bu-bu chain
(long line pots) with conmouth truss struction on the top side, able overcome these
problems [1]. Pro-This totipe has more range deep, improve the quality of the
catch,and minimize non-taget species. Allhe continued through catcher settings
based on the characteristics of the populationit is also hoped that this fishing gear
is capableensure the sustainability of the rajung-population economical and
efficient. Small crab-has a very long spreadas and can live in various types of
habi-tat starting from ponds, coastal waters (in-shore) to offshore waters (off-
shore) [2]; [3]; and [4]. Small life craband sea water depth to 40 m (131ft), in
areas of sand, mud or pan-muddy tai. Swimming crab is he-carnivorous wan, the
food is fish,and invertebrate animals. The small crabis an active swimmer, but
when nottif they buried them selves in sedimentsonly the eyes, the antenna
atseabed surface and gill space openka [5]. [6] revealed in general shrimp and
crabs roaming around in time last night to find food. Organic-this me out of
persem- placesit goes and moves to the place -a place that contains a lot of food-
an. Behavior (behavior) is important from Crab is also a developmental cyclehis
life that happened in several places.In the larval phase and the spawning phase,
small crab is in the open sea (off-shore)and the juvenile phase until adulthood is
incoastal waters (in-shore) namely estuary and estuary [4]. The life cycle of the
small crab causing the spread of the small crab population dynamic in coastal
waters. Ka-This population characteristic can arrest arrangement foroptimal small
crab fishery. Come inlist population behavior and characteristics The small crab is
carried out a study ofdap small crab catches bubu rang-to find a regulatory
strategy good catch so you can enhance the environmentally friendly nature of the
toolcatch this. Besides that, an efficiency study economic efficiency of businesses
that usethe fishing gear. For our purposesso this is a trial operation string trap to
catch crabs for a year to fishermen in Soropia District Konawe Propin-Southeast
Sulawesi.

Results and Discussion

General Condition of Research Location

The study was conducted in Octoberuntil November 2012 in the Sub-District

Watersmatan Soropia Konawe District whichis one of the fishing areaspotential
crabs in Sulawesi Teng-gara (Figure 1). The method usedin this study is the expe-
rience method experimental fishing. Arrest Area-determine based on information
from nelay-an local. The whole set of bubu is installedat a depth of 15-20 m.
Experimental fi-shing is done in 4 phases of the moon (monthdark: 26-3 days of
the moon; bright start: 4-10day of the month; bright moon: 11-18 days bul-an; the
beginning of the dark 19-25 day of the month), soa total of 30 arrests. Ra-the
caught bridge is separated bysarkan sex, measured by lengthhe demanded and
weighed and he-the gonad died. Next, the wa-interview with crab fishermento
obtain data about the technical developments and economic aspects of usa-ha
based on the results of the trial usestringing for one year by nela-local yan. The
economic feasibility of the business measured using the Net Pre-parametersent
Value, Net Benefit / Cost Ratio and In-ternal Rate of Return.

Characteristics of Small and Medium Fishing Marketing

Catching crab in the watersSoropia District Konawe Regencytake advantage of
the availability of the Rajung population-which spread along the Coastal Ti-mur
Jazirah Southeast Sulawesi, specifically in fertile areas that get supply of nutrients
from the land through the flow-and periodic rivers along the pesi-the sir. The
small crab fishery business is in-develop the community as a supporting eyemain
livelihood in the fisheries category small scale / household. Peak season arrest in
September to March, the moderate season in April until May, and the season is
less on Bul-June to August. Handling operation when generally done at nightone
day trip per day (pattern oneday trip). On each trip twothe installation times
(settings) of the fishing gear. In-try to withdraw fishing gear (ha-uling) during low
tide. So onin principle the operation of fishing gear is-do it by making use of
movement and crabbing foraging activities at high tide at night.The small catch of
the catch is accommodated while in confinement that is fixed made from waring
and fed fish ru-cah This shelter lasts for two or three days with a view tocollect
catches from bebe-number of trips until the amount is sufficient toto be marketed
at once. Catch marketed to local collectors or directly to the supplier agent pa-crab
meat processing brik. To the agent factory supplier, crab boiled and di-the skin is
then sent in the form ofging processed to Rajung cannerin South Sulawesi for
export.Condition of Arrest Area Small fishing area in the watersand the coast of
Soropia District iscoastal waters that stretch andtare coastline with coral reefs
(slo-pe) and extends along the pan-tai. These waters have a depth of 5 tonot 20
meters. In several places foundlow-density seagrass bedsto moderate. The bottom
waters are dominatedfine sand and coral fragments.Mangrove vegetation cover
and sungai - periodic streams that start fig on the coast line and its open nessto the
influence of deep sea dynamicscausing these waters to become fertileand dynamic
due to waves and currentstidal. This condition is very conduciveas habitat for crab
crab. Be-The lum can be clearly mapped areaswhich has the potential to be a
spawning area.Gonadal mature female swimming crab discoveredrandomly
distributed in the catchment areaWhen. The same is true for per-spawning period,
throughout the study periodtian time patterns were not identifiedGonad's hands
are clear because of their raritythe mature gonad master caught.

Transition method of arrest

Before being introduced to the hand toolcap bubu chain, fisher catchersDo not use
a fishing geargill or often called trawlcrab. A year after being introducedthe use of
bubu string for arrestswimming crab in a fisherman, is knownthat there have been
many small crab fishermenplaces that leave use of the networkgill ring and switch
to the hand toolhood bubu chain without any soci-allalization. Generally the main
reason thatthe underlying reason is thatseal the traps of the stringnyak. After a
year of testingrasi bubu string can be identified there are indications of
technological quality improvementsarrest logies from the use of bubuchain. The
indications are asthe following: a. An increase in opinion-and fishermen, it can be
seen from their abilityimprove the quality of fishing facilities withdon't buy a boat
engine. b. Practical andlam storage on a boat and mu-already operated
(installation and safety)nine results) c. Quality catches-good bag (not deformed)
so crabthe smaller ones can be removed againbali and catch can be
accommodatedin confinement step in timelonger. d. More selective because it is
veryrarely found other biota caughthood. e. Wider operating range becausecan be
operated in lebih easily. f. Supportin the sustainability of the crab population
becausevery rarely found female crabMature gonads are caught.Characteristics of
catches bubu rang-based on the moon phaseCatching trial results for one si-moon
cluster (four moon phases) is obtainedcatch characteristics like pa-da Figure 2-4.
Figure 2 showsthat the average number of individuals is small crabmales are taller
than small crabstina in each phase of the month. This makesalso describe the sex
ratio of the jantfemale and female in the waters though notthere is a big
difference, which is 1: 0.50- 1: 0.88. [7] also found sex ratio ra-male: female = 1:
0.88 in Teluk Per-drain. Also seen that the average amount individuals per trip are
caught more highlygi in the bright moon phase and early dark compared to the
other two phases of the moon. Suspected that the high tide at the bul-the bright
and bright moonlightrangi waters spur search activityeat from the crab so it is
more aggressiveenter the trap to eat bait.Figure 3 shows the presence ofwider
sizing arches are available in the early and bright moon phases.This shows that in
the bul-an early bright larger crabmany are in arrest areas and entering bubu.
Rajap karapaks widthlate who were captured during the 90-125 mm for males and
55-155 mm for un-female to For comparison, on the beachIran's Perisa Gulf small
crab was found with-with a carapace length of 60-150 mm formales and 50 - 145
mm for females [7].In terms of carapax width [8] statesin Australia, P. Pelagicus
crabs beginreached the minimum size limit that bo-caught at 127 mm at age1 year
and abundance is very important influence by the season. Sela catchma research is
very few that coverthe pie of that size.In the dark moon phase even though the
heightthe sea water is bigger but activity foraging from relatively more small
crabslow, the number and size of the crabwho are in more capture areas small. In
the early moon phase bright mes-even though the abundance of crabs in the
arealower catch but in sizethe dividend is bigger. It is suspected that energy needs
for adult crab toto enter the moulting period as well reproduction in the bright
moon phase encouraging increased foraging activity small crab. [9] states the crab
stopsforaging for a moment before and sep-the moulting phase. Figure 4 showsBe
aware of the increasing trendand the average weight of the individual small crab
onbright initial moon phase and bright moon.This illustrates the effect of
increasingforaging activity on the second phase of the moon against body
weight.This increase in body weight is thought to be pu-It deals with the moulting
period andspawning.Throughout the study period onlynot two mature female
gonadswhich is caught is in a period of monthslight. This indicates the existence
ofthe gonad in the area of capture.[10] found the highest gonad index on theda
Portunus pelagicus in India on the moonDecember, January and March
meanwhilein october and very novembersmall. Number of mature gonad parent
sampleswhich causes very little analysisgonad maturity development based
onsarkan moon phase can not be done.This is different from when hovering-and
operate the gill net so thatindicates that the use of bubuchain capable of
eliminating caught-the female is a mature gonad. Suspected construct-the mouth
of the bubu on the top side causesmature female gonads have difficultyto climb
and go insidebubu or a decrease in aggressiveness small crab females look for
food during fairies-Gonadal mature ode. Thus the con-string truss assembly
usedhas a positive value in terms of preservationcrab population for not
catchingfemale crabs that will spawn.

b. Economic Feasibility of Business

Estimation results of average sales resultsbased on fluctuations in the level of
bubu productionFigure 4 Average body weights of a small crabcaught with string
traps based on phasesmonth.the series tested shows that the usaha this fishery has
a low incomeoperating income per year Rp. 34,128,000 oraverage net income of
Rp. 25,885,440.NPV value of Rp. 84,098,870, net valueB / C ratio is 23 and IRR
value is603. Based on the values of the last indicatorcall can be said that
businesssmall crab fish using toolscatch beneficial bubbling andeconomically
feasible

Strategy for catching the Rajung-an

Some facts that have been identified fromseals catching crab withusing string
traps (long line po-ts) for one year on rajung fishermen-in Konawe District
showsan increase in the quality of technologycatch compared to capture
technology-used before. Improve-These qualities include convenienceoperation,
independent technical efficiencyThe factor is an increase in production,Increased
environmentally-friendly properties of hand-toolsthe hood especially in
eliminating terthe capture of the female crab mature gonadsand small size, as well
as economic efficiencyeg business. Therefore the design of the bu-Bu chain can
be recommended forused instead of using networkgill ring or trawl crab.
Areacatch crab at the location of researchers-only limited to a depth of 5 topie 20
m and after that is the edge of the riververy deep rang. Centering Center catches at
depths> 15 m allowmink and represent the size of the small swimming crabut in.
According to [11] and [4] states -an that the crab that comes from thedeep water
can have a wide widthat 12-15 cm. Increased in size andindividual weights in the
initial moon phaselight and light can be utilized forincrease production without
worries -and will catch mature female gonads.Beside mature female gonads are
rarefound caught with bubu rang-if the design is tested, what if there iscaught can
also be released againto nature safely. Relinquishmentli can be recommended
menginganthat crab is caught withThis chain of string is not deformed.Temporary
shelter in a cagestep on for the benefit of marketing thatsupported by feeding
alsobecause the quality of the crab caughtvery good and not deformed so that it
canheld longer. According to [12] P. Pe-lagicus also eat fish so we can-pat by
catch or discardsfrom various fishing gear for feed-his. This is possible because
whencaught in a trawl bag he-wan is actively eating. Also explained thatwa P.
pelagicus can fill the stomachin 8 minutes and clear it againbali in 6 hours except
fish bonetakes about 24 hours. However de-thus, further assessment needs to be
done-Specific about the effect of shelterin confinement to changethe weights and
survival of the rajung-an. Because it is based on the results of the
analysischaracteristics of catch trapsduring the study can be
recommendedcatching crab crab in perair-the coast of Konawe Regency every
phasemonth by paying attention to things aslike the following:
1. Arrests carried out in-15 meters to getlarger individual size.
2. Arrest can be focused on fa-se the beginning of the moon bright and bright
togain more individual weightbig.
3. For sized catchessmall (carapace width <10 cm) or ifcaught mature female
gonad canreleased back to nature.
4. The catch can be accommodated aswhile in confinementsupported by the
provision of ik-feedan argument.

Economic Feasibility of Business

.
There are some things that need to be underlined-hi that supports the ope- income
valueconstellations per year from this fishing gear. Per-First, there is an increase
in catchesthan the fishing gear used ne-previous service and capture-operationthat
can take place. The only onethe difficulty faced by fishermen isbait available.
Second, the catchentirely marketed at companies -companies that collect the
results ofwhen to export. Third, operational costsrelatively low rational.
Marketing modeladvice in the form of partnership with per-the business of the
exporter will guarantee the stabilitybag price. Although there are differences in
numbersproduction in peak season, ordinary seasonand the dry season but the
fluctuation isuh more stable and mutually agreed on-between the fishermen and
the company. Onthis marketing model, the price is very determinedthe size and
quality of the resultsWhen. The analysis shows thatwa this business has a positive
NPVmeans the fishery business is saidadvantageous. NPV value of peri-
operativeright bubu chain of Rp. 84,098,870when compared to the average value
of investmentwhich is Rp. 4,490,000, - then the valuenow a business that has a
period of timethe 6 year old is worth 18 times the ni-other investment. The
durability of the ship isdeterminant of the economic life of this business. Penggu-
naan wood material makes the age of eco-the number is relatively shorter. Anali-
resultssis Net B / C ratio of 23 which meansthe value of the profit and cost ratio is
more than1 illustrates the business usingtungkan. The amount is possiblemade
possible by the comparison between profit heck per year with an initial
investmentbigger on this fishing gear. IRR valueof 603% is far greater than the
valuecommercial bank loan interest rates12-18%. This means that the
conditionsvery good business and if the business is availablebut built using
borrowed funds-from the bank, then business conditions can besaid to be safe for
pin-returnsera. Based on the value of all three parametersbusiness feasibility
analyzed, can beconclude that the value of the production of hand toolsthis hood
is able to guarantee the eligibility of conditionsthe people's fishing business.
Operationa business run by a business ownerits own and operational capturecan
be done by a fishermanhow generally small scale fisheriesadd value to the
feasibility of the businessThis is only because labor costs are not neededand profit
sharing system.

Conclusion

The results of this study can be concludedthings as follows: Catching

crabsswimming crab in the coastal waters of Ko- Regencynawe can use traps
withwith the mouth of the bubu design on the upper sideevery phase of the moon
with attentiona depth of more than 15 metersgreater carapace width, pri-catching
entity in the moon phasebright and bright beginnings to improvegreater individual
weight, yieldsmall catch ormature tina gonad can be removed againli to nature and
the catch can be-temporary accommodation in confinement withoutstamped with
the support of ik-feedan argument. Economically the business of catchingwhen
the crab with a string of bububeneficial and beneficialhave good economic
viabilityik.