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    Physical Science - Module 4 (Assignment)

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    Charles
    1. A molecular dipole occurs when two atoms with different electronegativities are bonded, giving the atom with higher electronegativity a partial negative charge and the other a partial positive charge. A bond dipole exists between any two bonded atoms and results from differences in how the atoms attract the shared electrons. 2. Electronegativity is the property that controls the polarity of both molecular and bond dipoles, as it determines how strongly each atom in the bond can attract the shared electrons. 3. The direction of a bond dipole shows the shift in electron density from the less electronegative atom to the more electronegative one. This indicates the partial charges along the bond.

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    Physical Science - Module 4 (Assignment)

    Uploaded by

    Charles
    52 views1 page
    1. A molecular dipole occurs when two atoms with different electronegativities are bonded, giving the atom with higher electronegativity a partial negative charge and the other a partial positive charge. A bond dipole exists between any two bonded atoms and results from differences in how the atoms attract the shared electrons. 2. Electronegativity is the property that controls the polarity of both molecular and bond dipoles, as it determines how strongly each atom in the bond can attract the shared electrons. 3. The direction of a bond dipole shows the shift in electron density from the less electronegative atom to the more electronegative one. This indicates the partial charges along the bond.

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    1. A molecular dipole occurs when two atoms with different electronegativities are bonded, giving the atom with higher electronegativity a partial negative charge and the other a partial positive charge. A bond dipole exists between any two bonded atoms and results from differences in how the atoms attract the shared electrons. 2. Electronegativity is the property that controls the polarity of both molecular and bond dipoles, as it determines how strongly each atom in the bond can attract the shared electrons. 3. The direction of a bond dipole shows the shift in electron density from the less electronegative atom to the more electronegative one. This indicates the partial charges along the bond.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    52 views1 page

    Physical Science - Module 4 (Assignment)

    Uploaded by

    Charles
    1. A molecular dipole occurs when two atoms with different electronegativities are bonded, giving the atom with higher electronegativity a partial negative charge and the other a partial positive charge. A bond dipole exists between any two bonded atoms and results from differences in how the atoms attract the shared electrons. 2. Electronegativity is the property that controls the polarity of both molecular and bond dipoles, as it determines how strongly each atom in the bond can attract the shared electrons. 3. The direction of a bond dipole shows the shift in electron density from the less electronegative atom to the more electronegative one. This indicates the partial charges along the bond.

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    LAMBINO, CHARLES JAY B.

    PHYSICAL SCIENCE │MODULE 4


    ABM 12B MARCH 10, 2021
    ASSIGNMENT:

    1. What is the difference between a bond dipole and a molecular dipole?

    Molecular dipole occurs when two atoms in a molecule have substantially different
    electronegativity: one atom attracts electrons more than another, becoming more negative, while
    the other atom becomes more positive. While on the other hand, bond dipole exists between two
    bonded atoms and occurs when one of the two atoms attracts the shared electrons more than the
    other and the partial charges assigned to bonded atoms due to differences in electron density
    caused by electronegativity, inductive effects, and other factors.

    2. Which property controls each types of polarity?

    Electronegativity is the property that controls each types of polarity because the polarity of a
    bond arises from the relative electronegativities of the elements. It is the power of an atom of an
    element to attract electrons toward it when it is part of a compound. But although a bond in a
    compound may consist of a shared pair of electrons, the atom of the more electronegative
    element will draw the shared pair toward itself and thereby acquire a partial negative charge.

    3. How does the direction of the bond dipole relate to the partial charges and electron
    densities?

    In a molecule, the direction of the bond dipole also shows the direction of the shift in electron
    density. So the more electronegativity difference the denser the atom is and the closer
    electronegativities get to one another, the closer the densities. But when some instances occur,
    the bond moments cancel because they are pointed in opposite directions. And these are shown
    as pointing along the direction of bond from the less electronegative atom toward the more
    electronegative atom.

    4. What happens to a polar compound in an electric field? Explain.

    Polar compound tend to align when placed in an electric field with the positive end of the
    molecule oriented toward the negative plate and the negative end toward the positive. We can use
    an electrically charged object to attract polar molecules, but nonpolar molecules are not attracted.
    Also, polar solvents are better at dissolving polar substances, and nonpolar solvents are better at
    dissolving nonpolar substances.

    5. In the two atom system, how does changing the electronegativity of the atoms affect the
    bond polarity?

    The greater the difference in electronegativities between the two atoms in a bond, the more
    ionic the bond is as an ionic bond is defined as the strong electrostatic force of attraction between
    two oppositely charged ions of significantly different electronegativities. And this means that the
    bond is more pure covalent (as the electrons are closer to the middle of the bond) and therefore at
    a lower energy level and more stable as the more covalent a bond is between two atoms, the
    stronger the bond is.

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