Human Computer Interaction: Final Term Assignment - 01

Human Computer Interaction
Final Term Assignment - 01

Name: Al – Hasib
ID: 17-34015-1
Sec: C
Dept: Computer Engineering (CoE)
Course Teacher: Dr. Tabin Hasan
Topic: Five Design Issues With Microsoft Excel

Affordance
• What is Affordance ?
• An affordance is a relationship between the properties of an object and the capabilities

of the agent that determine just how the object could possibly be used. When affordance
are taken advantage of, the user knows what to do just by looking: no picture, label, or
instruction needed.
• In my opinion affordance is, Not being able to understand the function of a particular
component or an option properly.
Figure: 01
Figure: 02
Design Issues
In figure 01, it is seen that an option has been shown with an arrow in the upper corner of the right
side of excel. It is not clear what the function of this option is.
In figure 2, when the mouse is placed on that option, it is seen that there is written "ribbon display
options". But then there is no understanding of what that thing actually works for, how to work with it.
So until we click on that option, we will not understand how to work with it, what is its actual function.
Visibility
What is Visibility ?
Visibility is the fundamentals that the more visible a component is, the more likely users will realize
them and the way to use them. Equally important is that the opposite: when something is out of sight,
it's difficult to understand about and use. As simple as this principle is, designers still struggle with
adopting it.
An object's function should be visible so that people can see what it is currently doing and see what
buttons or controls are available. Visibility can also be made available through the use of sound or
through touch with for example different textures, shapes or vibrations. The important thing here is
that the visibility is recogniseable rather than having to rely on recall.
Design Issues
Figure: 01
In the standard view, the indications (affordances) that the user can perform functions on data are limited to an
“fx” symbol off to the side of the info entry bar, and a menu sub-heading, “Formulas,” placed fifth among the
menu items, after such items as formatting. An experienced user are going to be conversant in the existence of
knowledge functions, as they're extremely useful and powerful, but they're largely invisible on the program’s
main interface.
Even when users approach these limited affordances, they are confronted with an array of
seemingly endless functions, vaguely categorized and listed alphabetically, with little indication
what any of them actually do. The combined lack of visibility of the functions themselves, and
absence of affordances to suggest what the user can or cannot do, leave the user with little
choice but to search through a list of dozens of functions, hoping to find one that will be useful, or
else to simply assume that a desired function is unavailable.
Mapping
Mapping is a technical term meaning the relationship between two things, the controls of an
object and what that results in the real world.
Figure: 01
Figure: 02
Design Issues
Nowadays no data scientist or data engineer works alone anymore. We are all part of bigger or
smaller labs and we all need to communicate around the applications we build. Team debugging,
feature discussions, best practices, documentation are all necessary tasks in the daily work. Excel
is really not made for collaboration in big teams.
In the figure 1 & 2 , We can see that , The options are not right, scattered one by one. If all these
were grouped together, with a specific name, it would be convenient to find a time to work. It is
often seen that if you want to add a picture, at first you have to click on the insert option, then you
have to add a picture by clicking on the picture option. Again, even if you want to write the equation,
not all the equations are ready to ones hand in time. As a result, it is very difficult to work.
Gulf of Execution
Gulf of execution is the degree of ease with which a user can understand the current state of a
system. It is the difference between the intentions of the users and what the system allows them to
do.
For example, a person can look at a light switch and easily tell what the current state of the system is
(i.e., whether the light is on or off) and how to operate the switch. This means that the gulf of
execution is small. Norman states that, in order to design the best interfaces, the gulf must be kept as
small as possible.
Design Issues
Figure: 01
Figure: 02
Figures 1 and 2 show that looking at these options, it is easy to tell what they are doing. For
example: info, here everything is known about ms excel. New, a new file can be created from
here. save as, this means you need to save the file. Again, looking at the insert option, it is
understood that something can be inserted.
Gulf of Evaluation
Gulf of evaluation is the degree of ease with which a user can perceive and interpret whether or
not the action they performed was successful. This gulf is small when the system provides
information about its state in a form that is easy to receive, interpret, and matches the way the
person thinks of the system.
An example of a large gulf of evaluation is when an application has a spinning wheel to show a
“loading” state after the user performs an action. The wheel alone is not enough for the user to
interpret the progress that the system is making in response to their action. The gulf can be
shortened by having a loading bar instead.

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Human Computer Interaction

Final Term Assignment - 01

Course Teacher: Dr. Tabin Hasan

Topic: Five Design Issues With Microsoft Excel

• An affordance is a relationship between the properties of an object and the capabilities

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