MARCOS, REGIE MAMAUAG BSED4A Review Course 2, CTE, NVSU-Bayombong

Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

College of Teacher Education

Review Course 2 (Review on Professional Education Courses)

1st Semester, 2020-2021

Professional Education Examination 4

EDUCATIONAL LEARNING THEORIES

Instructor: Mrs. Jane D. Navalta

1. The view of motivation that emphasizes the way individuals come to perceive and interpret causes of their
successes and failures refers to:
A. attribution B. social learning C. cognition D. schema
2. This theory equates learning with changes in observable behavior.
A. behaviorism B. cognitivism C. schema D. reinforcement
3. The theory which refers to the recurrence of behavior which have pleasant results and the avoidance of those with
unpleasant ones.
A. attribution B. humanism C. cognition D. behaviorism
4. Behavioral learning emphasizes change in _____ as the main evidence of the learning process.
A. activities B. behavior C. reflection D. attitude
5. The school of thought that attempts to explain why we behave as we do refers to the _____ learning theory.
A. behavioral B. valuing C. cooperative D. constructivist
6. The learner should be biologically prepared applies to the law of ___.
A. readiness B. exercises C. effect D. practice
7. Which of the following statements does not support the concept of individual differences?
A. Use varied activities for a difficult lesson
B. Consider the uniqueness of each student
C. Involve all students regardless of what the activity is
D. Help should be extended to both the gifted and retarded learners/students
8. Mr. Buribor would like to increase the abilities of his students to solve more complex problems. What must Mr.
Buribor do?
A. Correct all wrong answers at all times
B. Increase practice with simple problems
C. Reduce stimulation so as to increase attention to the task
D. Problems match appropriately to student’s level of thinking
9. Instruction when accommodating individual differences is best attained by
A. addressing the multiple intelligences C. accommodating heterogeneous students
B. giving group works D. group students homogeneously
10. Learners can be global or analytic. Analytic learners see the details first in order to understand a concept. What
teaching method best suits these types of learners?
A. collaborative method C. deductive method
B. experiential method D. inductive method
11. Blossom, a 3 year old girl, applies make-up on her face, gets her mom’s bag, wears her shoes and starts walking
around the receiving room as seen as her mom left for work. What theory explains such?
A. contextual learning B. cognitive theory C. social learning D. constructivist theory
12. Which of the following learning theories in Thorndike, which states that an organism learns by doing and forgets by
not doing. In other words, it refers to the law of use and law of disuse?
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A. law of effect C. law of readiness
B. law of set and attitude D. law of exercise
13. Which of the following learning theories explained on Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), where in the gap
between the actual and potential development should be mediated?
A. social cognitive C. cognitive construction
B. social constructivism D. cognitive behavior modification
14. Mr. Biado patiently teaches his son, John, on how to ride a bike. After a month of holding on, Mr. Biado gradually
detached himself to the bike then John could now ride his bike on his own. What has been practiced in the
situation?
A. learning B. scaffolding C. knowing D. understanding
15. Who among the proponents of theories of learning was known for his “Bobo Doll” experiment wherein children
imitated what they have witnessed regarding the treatment given to Bob doll?
A. Albert Bandura B. Julian Rotter C. Ivan Pavlov D. Burrhus Skinner
16. The theory which refers to the school of thought that attempts to explain what goes on in the brain when we are
learning and focused on information processing and learning.
A. affective B. psychomotor C. cognitive D. social
17. It suggests that intelligence includes different kinds of skills.
A. observational learning B. cognitivism C. motivation D. multiple intelligence
18. The inductive model which emphasizes the learner’s active involvement and the construction of their own
understanding of specific topics is based on the ____ view of the learning.
A. cognitive B. constructivist C. behaviorist D. academic
19. Constructivist teaching is anchored on the principle that ____.
A. learning is an active process. C. learning is always contextualized.
B. learning is a research for meaning D. all of the above
20. Which of the following refers to the theory of constructivism?
a. Learning occurs through constructive process.
b. Learning is active, engaging and interesting.
c. Learning is a search for meaning.
d. All of the above.
21. Macario is an average young man who seems to be experimenting with different roles. At home, he is obedient and
quiet but with his friends he is relaxed and easily suggests trying out new things. According to Erikson, what stage
of development is Macario experiencing?
A. intimacy vs. isolation C. identity vs. confusion
B. identity vs. isolation D. intimacy vs. role confusion
22. Sheila was relating her experience of a party she attended last night to her best friend Jenny. Sheila said that she
was asked to sing a song at the party. Before she could tell Jenny the title of the song, Diane said, you sang “Tell
Me”, which was the correct song. This form of extra sensory perception is called_____.
A. Psychokinesis B. Clairvoyance C. Precognition D. Telepathy
23. A child aged one year old realizes that things continue to exist even when it is no longer present to the senses.
According to Piaget, the child has achieved ______.
A. object movement C. concrete performance
B. object permanence D. concrete movement
24. The cognitive perspective of psychology is concerned with
A. forms of behavior B. unconsciousness C. mental processes D. experiences
25. To make that which is unconscious, conscious is the main focus of
A. The humanistic approach C. The behavioral approach
B. The social learning theory D. The psychoanalytic approach
26. Who of the following psychologists proposed that human behavior is motivated according to a hierarchy that
ascends from the basic biological needs to the more complex psychological motivations that become important only
after the basic needs have been satisfied?
A. Maslow B. Freud C. Piaget D. Kohlberg

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27. Shayne is a highly creative person who has deep concern for the welfare of humanity. She has also attained other
characteristics which place her on the highest level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. This level is called ______.
A. self-determination B. self-actualization C. self-acceptance D. self-achievement
28. An infant experiences the need to eat, drink, eliminate wastes, and other basic needs that seek immediate
gratification. Freud terms this personality as the ______.
A. ego B. super ego C. id D. libido
29. Freud believed that these two drives were the most important instinctual determinants of personality throughout life.
A. punishment and sexual drives C. punishment and aggressive drives
B. sexual and assertive drives D. sexual and aggressive drives
30. The internalized representation of values and morals of society as taught to the child by the parents and other
authoritative figures is part of the personality called
A. ego B. super ego C. id D. libido
31. This part of human personality develops as a young child learns to consider the demands of reality.
A. ego B super ego C. id D. libido
32. Behavior is the result of a continuous interaction between personal and environmental variables. Which approach to
personality best describes the above statement?
A. humanistic approach C. social learning approach
B. psychoanalytic approach D. cognitive approach
33. Which of the following best describes behaviorism?
A. stimulus-response C. conscious-unconscious
B. action-reaction D. nature-nurture
34. A little girl who experienced fear when a dog bites her, initially responds with fear to all dogs. This is a form ____
behavior.
A. fear B. discriminate C. acceptable D. generalized
35. To control hypertension, John was trained to take note of his thoughts, actions and other aspects of his biological
state during moments when he experienced normal blood pressure. Then, he was told to repeat those moments to
maintain a normal blood pressure. This procedure is called
A. shaping B. biofeedback C. reinforcement D. control
36. Researches conducted show that the teacher’s expectancies of students often become self-fulfilling prophecies.
This phenomenon is called______.
A. Halo effect B. Hawthorne effect C. Ripple effect D. Pygmalion effect
37. The cognitive process refers to the realization that even if things change in physical appearance, certain attributes
are constant. This is ______
A. reservation B. construction C. integration D. conservation
38. The level of mental maturity needed for a pupil to maximize learning opportunities can be determined
A. upon reaching the age of seven C. at a level that varies from task to task
B. approximately at age five D. by administering readiness test
39. Stage where children consider parents and teachers as authorities and models.
A. period of morality by constraint C. mental age
B. post-conventional morality D. metacognition
40. The process by which certain potentials are inherited from the parents for his development.
A. life B. birth C. heredity D. character
41. The theory states that there are 8 basic developmental stages that the individual has to pass through his life.
A. Learning theory C. Psychosocial theory
B. Psychoanalytic theory D. Cognitive Development Theory
42. Transition age from childhood to adulthood where rapid physical changes and sex maturity occur resulting in
changes in ways of feeling, thinking and acting.
A. puberty B. adolescence C. early childhood D. latency period
43. Modifying an existing scheme after an individual’s interaction with the environment, resulting in the creation of new
scheme.
A. accommodation B. assimilation C. interaction D. modification
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44. Theory stating that a person’s behavior can be motivated by urges towards self-satisfaction.
A. Psychoanalytic Theory C. Psychosocial Theory
B. B. Association Theory D. Morality Theory
45. The ability of a child to conceptualize the retention and preservation of the same quantity under various changes.
A. recognition B. conservation C. reversibility D. assimilation
46. Which of the following principles of constructivist teaching will lead to authentic learning and deeper understanding?
A. Pupils individually and collectively construct knowledge
B. Learning is always contextualized
C. Real in-depth learning thoroughly constructing knowledge
D. All of the above
47. An approach to learning which emphasizes that individuals actively construct knowledge and understanding.
A. reflective B. humanist C. constructivist D. behaviorist
48. The constructivist theory views learners as active participants in their own learning and not passive recipients of
_____.
A. Rewards B. Information C. constructivist D. behaviorist
49. It is based on the premise that students actively construct knowledge rather than receive it from the teacher.
A. constructivism B. behaviorism C. cognitivism D. social learning
50. The essence of the constructivist approach to learning is the idea that learners individually discover and build their
own____
A. knowledge B. profits C. attitude D. materials
51. It explains the gap between school development and potential development wherein the former refers to what
children can do on their own while the latter refers to what children can do with help.
A. Scaffolding C. Assimilation
B. Zone of proximal Development (ZPD) D. Accommodation
52. Janine, a sophomore high school student was well-known for her abilities to showcase her talents during the
sophomore night. She has the most number of acquaintances because of her initiative to start a conversation with
her co-students. Janine is gifted with
A. Multi-award B. Multi-million C. Multi-sensory D. Multi-intelligence
53. It is an instructional process in which the teacher adjusts the amount and type of support offered to the child to suit
the child’s abilities, with drawing the support as the child becomes more skilled.
A. Scaffolding C. Assimilation
B. Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) D. Accommodation
54. A child dislikes ice cream because once, while eating such he fell from a chair and was terribly hurt. This is a case
of:
A. discrimination B. phobia C. association D. generalization
55. What kind of reinforcement will be used to increase desirable behavior among the pupils?
A. negative reinforcement B. positive reinforcement C. punishment D. no reinforcement
56. The use of pleasant and unpleasant consequences to change voluntary behavior.
A. Operant conditioning B. Behaviorism C. Classical conditioning D. Conditioning
57. Teacher Badette has a policy of exempting students from the final exam if they maintain perfect attendance for
period covered. His student’s attendance increased dramatically.
A. Operant conditioning C. Classical conditioning
B. Positive reinforcement D. Negative reinforcement
58. Bryan receives frequent injections of drugs for his allergies, which are administered in a small examination room at
a clinic. The drug itself causes him increased heart rate but after several trips to the clinic, simply being in a small
room causes him an increased heart rate.
A. Operant conditioning C. Classical conditioning
B. Positive reinforcement D. Negative reinforcement
59. Agnes realized that her classmates gain more points because they go beyond the criteria in making their projects.
This is a case of learning through
A. modelling B. vicarious experience C. reproduction D. positive reinforcement

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60. The perspective of teaching and learning in which a learner construct meanings from experience and interaction
with others is ______.
A. social learning B. motivation C. constructivism D. cognitivism
61. This theory of learning explains how people learn from their experiences and subsequent reflections about their
experiences.
A. reflective B. reinforcement C. experiential D. cognitivism
62. The theory which states that intelligence is more than a single ability and instead consists of nine different types of
abilities is the theory of ______.
A. social learning B. behaviorism C. experiential learning D. multiple intelligence
63. This theory allows one to assess the talents and skills of the whole individual rather than just his/her verbal or
mathematical skills.
A. schema B. social learning C. multiple intelligence D. conflict
64. People do not have one general intelligence but are characterized by a range of intelligences as expounded by a
theory of ____.
A. Multiple intelligence B. Social learning C. Meaningful reception D. Development
65. This is a view of knowledge construction which states that the information people store in memory consists of
networks organized and interconnected idea and procedure.
A. Reinforcement theory C. Meaningful reception theory
B. Social learning theory D. Schema theory
66. Each subset of knowledge is stored in a _____. An outline of organized network of knowledge about a single
concept or subject.
A. guide B. schema C. curricular guide D. master’s list
67. Most people find they are unable to remember events during their early childhood. According to Freud, this
phenomenon is called ______.
A. childhood amnesia B. oral stage C. anal stage D. phallic stage
68. A person who does not have the ability to conform to the cultural expectations of his society is considered _____.
A. normal B. abnormal C. neurotic D. psychosis
69. Jing Jing repressed the painful events surrounding the tragic death of her family which left her as the sole survivor.
According to Freud, this is a ______.
A. counter-transference C. defense mechanism
B. transference D. anxiety reaction
70. A mother, who deeply resents her child but expresses it by being an extremely overprotective mother, is coping with
her anxiety by ____.
A. repression B. regression C. reaction formation D. denial
71. When a person reacts with intense anxiety to a situation that other view was only mildly stressful, then we assume
that the source to danger is associated more with ___.
A. Internal feelings than with the external stresses. C. Inner senses feeling than rational thinking.
B. External stresses than with internal feelings. D. External stresses than other viewpoint.
72. Which of the following acts as a depressant?
A. coffee B. alcohol C. cigarettes D. marijuana
73. Hysterical complaints could be cured by
A. moral therapy B. hypnosis C. self-hypnosis D. analysis
74. The type of anxiety resulting from a situation in which an individual is threatened by outside forces is _____.
A. reality anxiety B. moral anxiety C. preconscious anxiety D. neurotic anxiety
75. Anxiety is dealt with through
A. the id B. defense mechanism C. super ego D. ego
76. Which response is the characteristic of repression?
A. Internal threats are transformed into external threats.
B. The object of emotion is falsified.
C. The source of distress is not acknowledged
D. Unacceptable impulses are pushed into the UCS and are thus forgotten.

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77. A repression of anxiety-arousing feeling that leads to the profession of the exact opposite of those feelings is a
characteristic of _____.
A. intellectualization B. sublimation C. reaction formation D. regression
78. Any change in the behavior of an individual.
A. learning B. response C. change D. development
79. The reinforcement of a person’s responses by presentation or removal of rewards and punishments.
A. operant conditioning C. feedback principle
B. transfer of learning D. discipline
80. This stimulation of action best explains the behavior of an individual to take what he perceives to be the shortest
route to his goals.
A. recognition B. development C. assimilation D. motivation
81. Philosophy of education’s main function
A. aid the learners to build his own personal philosophy
B. definition of goals and setting of directions from which education is to strive
C. education carries on a lifetime cycle
D. provision of academic background is prerequisite to learning
82. According to Froebel, kindergarten is also known as
A. children have fund and enjoyment C. the learning center for life
B. garden for children to play and learn D. where new beginnings begin
83. The following are consequences due to sleep deprivation except
A. sleep walking C. a desire to sleep
B. drowsiness D. a tendency to fall asleep easily
84. The autonomic nervous system is particularly important in
A. physical reactions B. emotional reactions C. Thinking functions D. nervous functions
85. A human infant’s attachment to the mother provides the security necessary for the child to explore his or her
environment and it forms the basis for ____ in later years.
A. attachment B. interpersonal relationship C. reinforcement D. dependence
86. The most sensitive sensory organ of an infant is
A. taste B. vision C. hearing D. smell
87. It accelerates maturation of muscles and nervous system.
A. isolation C. nutrition
B. maternal affection D. environmental stimulation
88. Children’s ability to make judgment about moral issues is related to their ____.
A. physical development C. moral development
B. cognitive development D. psychosocial development
89. It refers to the period of transition from childhood to adulthood also called storm and stress.
A. adolescence B. latency C. identity D. puberty
90. For many people, the most productive years according to Erikson are____.
A. middle adulthood C. late adulthood
B. early adulthood D. adolescence
91. The following statements are assumptions of the behaviorist approach to conditioning except
A. Learning is better understood in terms of external causes than internal ones
B. Simple associations are the building blocks of all learning
C. Learning is constrained by the genetically determined ‘behavioral blueprint’
D. The law of association is the same for all species and situations.
92. Operant conditioning increases the likelihood of a response by following the behavior with a___.
A. response B. punishment C. deprivation D. reinforcer
93. The ability to perceive how objects are related in order to mentally perceive what is seen, thus creating concrete
visual images from memory.
A. visual-spatial intelligence C. qualitative intelligence
B. mathematical-logical D. spatial intelligence

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94. He is responsible for the theory which recognizes the importance of developing multiple intelligence.
A. Jean Piaget B. Howard Gardner C. Frederick Froebel D. Sigmund Freud
95. An emerging thrust in determining one’s personality, whether pleasant or unwholesome to one’s virtues , i.e. values,
relationships, adjustments to varying situations, behavior and motivations.
A. emotional quotient C. adjusted personality
B. intelligence quotient D. multiple intelligence
96. it is the measurement of personality which is the result by dividing the mental age by the chronological age.
A. emotional quotient C. adjusted personality
B. intelligence quotient D. anticipated behavior
97. Type of intelligence which enables a person to understand the other person’s feelings, behavior and motivation.
A. emotional quotient C. social intelligence
B. spatial intelligence D. quantitative-qualitative
98. One’s ability to do abstract reasoning and manipulate symbols is to what type of intelligence?
A. visual B. diametric C. spatial D. mathematical-logic
99. Students learn best when their energy levels are at peak. This indicates
A. perceptual B. psychological C. environmental D. physiological
100. An accurate perception of the visual word or creation of mental images is a characteristic of what intelligence?
A. linguistic B. visual-spatial C. mathematical D. discussion

Acknowledgement is given to Dr. Jonathan P. Pasion for the Review Materials.

Faculty members teaching the subject will provide the answer key.
(Formatting and editing were done by the current faculty in-charge).

JANE D. NAVALTA
Professor In-Charge

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