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Application of GIS and BIM Integration Technology in Construction

Management
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ACCESE 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 526 (2020) 012161 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/526/1/012161

Application of GIS and BIM Integration Technology in

Construction Management

ZhongHua Han123, ZhenKai Wang4, Chao Gao4, MingXiao Wang123, ShengTing

Li45
1
Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
2
National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologiesand Applications
for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou, 730070, China
3
Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring,
Lanzhou, 730070, China
4
St-ias Joint Innovation Center in Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University,
Shenzhen, 518000, China
5
Ministry of Transport, Research Institute of Highway, Beijing, 100088, China
*Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. With the development of smart city, the concept of smart development is integrated
into the construction management, so as to promote the smart development of construction and
improve the efficiency of construction management. This paper discusses the application
prospect of GIS-BIM integration technology in construction schedule management, site
material management and safety management of construction personnel. At the same time, it
looks into the application trend of gis-bim integration technology and global wide area network,
Internet of things, virtual reality and other emerging technologies in the integration of building
construction management, so as to promote the intelligent and visual management development
of gis-bim integration technology in building construction management.

1. Introduction
With the rise of the concept of smart city, the construction and management of modern cities have
gradually become the focus of social attention[1]. The planning, investigation, design, construction and
operation stages of a building project are all highly dynamic processes. The fusion and integration of
various technologies will be the inevitable path[1]. Building Information Modeling（BIM ） and
geographic information System (GIS) integration technology in construction management is a new
and rapid development trend. GIS focuses on low-density spatial geographic information data of a
larger range, while BIM focuses on high-density spatial component data of the building environment
itself of a smaller range. The integration of GIS and BIM can provide more detailed and
comprehensive data information of integrated human environmental activity space. Therefore, gis-bim
integration technology is very suitable for managing the needs of the various stages of the building life
cycle in most cities, which is more conducive to people's application in engineering practice.
Promoting the application of GIS-BIM integration technology in building engineering will bring about
further breakthroughs in the exchange of effective information between people and processes.

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ACCESE 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 526 (2020) 012161 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/526/1/012161

2. GIS and BIM integration technology summary

2.1. development status of GIS and BIM integration technology

BIM is to visualize the real information of a building by using a digital 3D model based on relevant
information data of a building project[2]. The application of BIM technology in the management of
construction projects has very important value and is an inevitable trend of the development of the
construction industry[3]. GIS technology is an advanced mapping technology commonly used in the
construction industry at present. With the support of computer software and hardware systems, this
technology has completed the management of all environmental information with spatial attributes in
construction projects[4].With the development of GIS, complex spatial analysis and 3d spatial query
can be carried out. As a decision support system, GIS can help users to explain and solve practical
problems in various fields. GIS systems can be integrated with the database operations and statistical
analysis of other different systems for visual display in maps. One of the key steps in the
implementation of the smart city project is to create a 3d digital city model. These 3d models are
crucial to the realization of smart city projects, and the integration of GIS and BIM technology is the
key technology to realize the 3d digital city model, so the GIS-BIM technology will be conducive to
the research and development of dynamic smart city.
Large amount of data, incompatible format, non-unified coordinate system, and lack of standard
specification are the major defects between BIM and GIS system., although GIS - BIM technology
development has a lot of difficulties, the domestic and foreign researchers tried various ways to
overcome the GIS and every weakness of BIM technology, can be widely used in stability and
feasibility of technology and research. Nagel[5] et al. proposed a method to transition from KML
graphic model to BIM through CityGML. Amirebrahimi[6] et al. proposed to integrate BIM into GIS
using data model. Liu Xin et al[7]. studied the integration solution of BIM and GIS, and determined
the data model of BIM and GIS integration. Guo Ruiyang[8] BIM model is studied and the fusion of 3
dgis technology research and its implementation, and through the SUPERMAP secondary
development platform of BIM model and the integration of GIS, the main interface of the system in
the platform, working space management, asset grouping query and dynamic update, indoor and
outdoor three-dimensional coordinates querying, spatial distance measurement and area measurement,
object style Settings, indoor roaming, spatial analysis, the best path analysis and multiple functions
such as indoor navigation demo. Zhang wensheng [9] et al. studied the integration technology between
BIM and 3DGIS and its application in railway bridge construction. The whole process of the
integration technology of BIM and 3DGIS is described in detail, and the technology is applied to the
practical application of railway bridge construction. Cheng fangyuan [10] et al. studied the research and
application of integrated GIS/BIM digital management of highway tunnels, and realized the technical
integration of gs-bim and its application in tunnel engineering through the infrastructure Smart Service
System (iS3) proposed by tongji university. At the same time, with the development of technology,
software that can directly read mainstream BIM formats has also been launched in 2019.
To sum up, gis-bim integration technology has been able to perform complex spatial analysis
functions. Construction projects become more complex and site Spaces become more compact as the
construction process requires more construction activities to be arranged at the same time. In this case,
space management becomes more and more important during construction. Traditional construction
methods can no longer meet the needs of complex construction management. Introduction of BIM and
GIS technology to realize the visualization of construction management, through the establishment of
visual model, based on the BIM building information model for the construction flow of information,
cost, material and building component attributes analysis, and using GIS in building external
environment information integration and management advantages, to ensure reasonable spatial layout,
the buildings which implements the course of construction, the real-time and visualization of
regulation[11].

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ACCESE 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 526 (2020) 012161 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/526/1/012161

2.2. functions of gis-bim integration technology

As shown in figure 1, both GIS technology and BIM technology have their respective functions and
characteristics, and they also have their own advantages and disadvantages. The main reason for the
integration of GIS and BIM is that the two technologies can provide complementary information and
become a more powerful tool, which can bring more convenient and perfect methods to engineering
practice.
Macro + micro
Go digital to smart
GIS BIM
Query, analysis, Design planning, analysis, breakthrough
location, operation drawing, prefabrication,
and maintenance, data construction, operation,
management demolition Two dimensions, three
dimensions to space

Outdoor + indoor
Figure1development of building application technology

2.3. development of construction technology

As shown in FIG. 2, the application technology of architectural engineering projects develops from 2D
CAD to 3D BIM and further towards spatial GIS and BIM technology. Traditional software such as
AutoCAD is generally based on two-dimensional graphic design. In order to realize the full digital
requirements, architectural applications are no longer as simple as using CAD software to complete
architectural projects or engineering projects. The 3d parametric design of BIM adopts professional 3d
design tools, real-time 3d visualization, and more advanced collaborative design of models. According
to the models, construction details and progress diagrams are automatically created to support analysis
and simulation design tools. With the development of smart city, the design of BIM based on single
buildings will gradually be further developed and improved, and the gis-bim three-dimensional space
technology in line with the development of smart city will gradually become an important technology
for people to study and develop.
CAD is mainly based on two- BIM is a three-dimensional Gis-bim is the embodiment of three-
dimensional plane, which describes modeling information, which can dimensional spatial information,
the architectural model through visually reflect the detailed which integrates the complete
section, plane and elevation. In information of a building, and building information, multi-spatial
addition, some parts need to be there is information synergy and scale data and information
described in detail by large sample sharing among different majors.It together.Visual analysis and solution
drawings. Moreover, the connection is from the planning of of problems in construction
between different professional construction projects, design, engineering.It can provide macro
drawings is prone to errors, and the construction, operation of the information and micro information,
drawing and modification process is entire life cycle to achieve full more real simulation and reflect real
complicated. digital management data information.

developmen
developmen
t
t
CAD BIM GIS‐BIM

Figure 2 development of building application technology

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ACCESE 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 526 (2020) 012161 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/526/1/012161

3. Application of GIS and BIM technology in construction management

In the construction stage, there are many participants, large amount of information, complex
management and other characteristics. GIS and BIM integration technology is applied in construction
engineering in different aspects, affecting the construction process. The construction site is the main
area for construction activities.

3.1. construction schedule management

Construction schedule directly affects the speed, cost and quality of construction. The construction
schedule is determined by the key circuit to determine the duration of the whole project and the start
and end time of the activity. The construction schedule is influenced by time, space, technology,
management, resources and other factors. Construction schedule can plan and schedule construction
activities to help the engineer complete the project on time and within budget.
GIS and BIM technology can be used for the overall management of people, materials and
machines of multiple single buildings in the construction process. As shown in figure 3 GIS and BIM
technology can be combined with information construction information and space environment to
simulate the multiple construction progress at the same time, also can monitor the material in order do
not match with the construction progress, the scene of the large material handling and mechanical
equipment put conflict in real time contrast, monitoring, to ensure the accuracy of construction
progress control. The application of GIS and BIM in construction management can monitor and
regulate construction progress in real time, coordinate various links and personnel work, reasonably
allocate resources, evaluate and predict construction progress, so as to reduce labor losses,
unreasonable methods, repetitive work and inter-departmental conflicts, material waste and increase
the utilization rate of machinery and equipment.
According to the Import various
Multiple individual Construction plans can be requirement of site materials in the
building information arranged simultaneously construction schedule, the construction process
is controlled by gis- between different personnel, material and and dynamically
bim individual buildings machine are allocated and manage the
regulated construction progress

The actual project progress

is compared with the
Ensure accurate and The construction process Realize the dynamic
expected project progress,
synchronized control of ahead of the unfinished statistics of the actual
and the deviation
construction schedule work progress simulation completed works
correction is monitored in
real time

FIG. 3gs-bim technology management in construction schedule

3.2. construction schedule management

Site material management mainly includes the storage, use, handling, disposal, waste removal and
other activities on site after delivery of goods. Site material management is an integrated process. The
implementation of a comprehensive material management plan helps achieve more predictable project
results, reduce costs, improve productivity and quality, and provide a safer work environment.
Through the GIS and BIM integration technology, the site material stacking position, stacking
quantity and handling route can be uniformly optimized and arranged through data analysis.
Meanwhile, the materials can be uniformly allocated according to the needs of different single
buildings to ensure that the construction process is not affected by the shortage of materials. The gis-
bim integration technology can also analyze the climatic and environmental problems at the
construction site to ensure the safe storage of materials. As shown in figure 4, GIS and BIM
technology can carry out comprehensive planning management of site materials, saving costs from
management fees, hoisting costs, production costs, equipment costs and other aspects. The application

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ACCESE 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 526 (2020) 012161 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/526/1/012161

of gis-bim technology in material management helps achieve more predictable project outcomes,
reduce costs, improve productivity and quality, and provide a safer work environment.
management
lift charge
cost

save save
other expenses save production cost
GIS and BIM technical
site material management
save
save
equipment
Secondary save investment
handling charge save save
The material
Back to charge
waste
Figure 4GIS-BIM technical site material management objectives

3.3. construction schedule management

Through the GIS and BIM integration technology, the construction site personnel can be accurately
positioned. In the process of construction, people can give warning in advance through the "four
mouth" and "five adjacent" dangerous areas, so as to predict and control the dangerous behaviors of
construction personnel in advance. GIS and BIM technology can reasonably arrange and control the
construction environment on the site, and it can timely find the danger and propose the treatment plan
through data analysis of the environmental problems on the site. The GIS-BIM technology adopts the
information-based dynamic supervision means to realize the scientific supervision of construction
safety, effectively eliminate the safety hazards, so as to improve the safety of construction projects.

4. The combination of GIS and BIM technology and other information technology is applied in
construction management

4.1. GIS-BIM and World Wide Web(WEB)

In the traditional construction mode, the transfer of management information between construction
teams is slow and inefficient. The GIS and BIM +WEB technology can integrate all the data
information of the construction process, coordinate the management of the information of the
construction process and realize the data sharing, so as to realize real-time data visualization. Through
GIS and BIM+WEB technology, the construction process can be operated cooperatively, so as to
achieve the common goal of the development, utilization and sharing of the construction process
information. Bim-gis +WEB technology can also analyze and simulate the feasibility scheme in the
construction, and take the best choice before the construction. At the same time, it can effectively
manage the infrastructure and facilities in the building in terms of follow-up maintenance, service and
delivery, greatly reducing the waste of resources, thus carrying out quality control and thus improving
the quality of life of residents.

4.2. GIS and BIM technology and The Internet of Things (IOT)
The Internet of things is a network of interconnected things. It is used for the collection, analysis and
management of multi-source information, automated monitoring and early warning. GIS and
BIM+IOT technology can carry out real-time monitoring, positioning and data analysis of the
construction site, such as equipment monitoring, material testing, climate and environment monitoring,
noise monitoring, dust monitoring and personnel distribution. GIS and BIM+IOT technology can
sense and predict construction personnel to give early warning before or when the situation occurs,
thus preventing situations that may lead to safety accidents and waste of time. Gis-bim +IOT

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ACCESE 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 526 (2020) 012161 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/526/1/012161

technology can provide rapid and accurate feedback and analysis of construction site data, thus
significantly improving efficiency, productivity and worker safety.

4.3. GIS and BIM technology and Virtual Reality (VR)

With the rapid development and maturity of VR technology, the application scope of VR technology
has become more and more extensive, and it has been applied in construction engineering and related
fields. GIS and BIM+VR technology supports visual simulation of building construction, such as
visualization of site construction progress, visualization of construction drawings, visualization of
optimal construction route, visualization of construction personnel, visualization of on-site material
demand, etc. It can monitor and analyze the construction process, such as construction progress
monitoring, safety hazard monitoring, project quality testing. GIS and BIM+VR technology enables
users to be completely immersed in 1:1 simulated reality scenarios, and enables them to assess the
constructibility of construction projects and identify time and space conflicts in construction, thus
saving material costs and reasonably arranging the number of workers needed for the projects. TheGIS
and BIM +VR technology can clearly display the construction process, browse and analyze each part
of the model, and accurately obtain the amount of materials needed for each part, so as to intuitively
simulate the construction work and avoid material waste at the site.

5. conclusion and suggestion

5.1. conclusion
The construction management of a building needs to consider a variety of factors, which needs to be
analyzed and visualized from both macro and micro perspectives. This problem can be solved by the
combination of BIM and GIS.GIS and BIM technology has significant benefits for management
methods and coordination mechanisms such as construction quality management, schedule
management and time reduction, cost reduction and control, health, safety and environmental
performance improvement, information management and coordination among various departments.
According to the research in this paper, the application of gis-bim integration technology in
construction management has the following new breakthroughs and developments : (1) through the
application of gis-bim technology in construction management, the informatization, automation and
wisdom development of construction management can be improved. (2) it breaks through the
limitation of single building management of BIM technology and integrates multiple building
construction management into a whole system. (3) integrate geographic information data into
construction management, so as to realize fine management of construction management. (4) the
application of gis-bim technology in construction management can save construction cost, improve
project safety, build collaborative management and realize rapid data sharing.

5.2. suggestion
The development of GIS and BIM integration technology in construction management is the trend of
future development of construction management, but GIS and BIM integration technology is still
facing challenges in its extensive application in construction. The following Suggestions are proposed
for some problems:
(1) The standards and specifications of GIS and BIM integration technology are not unified, and
the standardized construction cannot be realized. In view of this problem, the country should
vigorously promote the application of gis-bim integration technology in construction management,
summarize a lot of practical experience and introduce a series of policies to formulate relevant norms,
so as to realize the standardized and intelligent development of GIS and BIM technology in
construction management.
(2) There are few researche on the application of GIS and BIM in construction management in
China, and there are no relevant majors set up in domestic universities to cultivate professional talents.
In view of this problem, the country should issue corresponding policies to support and develop the

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ACCESE 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 526 (2020) 012161 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/526/1/012161

application and development of GIS and BIM in construction management. Construction enterprises
should set up relevant positions for recruitment according to the development trend in the future to
increase the demand for talents. Colleges and universities should also vigorously train professional
talents according to the needs of social development.
(3) To promote the application of GIS and BIM integration technology in construction management,
it is also necessary to speed up the compatibility of professional software formats, and vigorously
develop the construction management platform construction and promotion.

Acknowledgments
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. I
gratefully acknowledge the help of my supervisor, MingXiao Wang, who has offered me valuable
suggestions in the academic studies. In the preparation of the thesis， he has spent much time reading
through each draft and provided me with inspiring advice. Without his patient instruction, insightful
criticism and expert guidance, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.
I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the professors in St-ias Joint Innovation Center in
Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University from whose devoted teaching and enlightening
lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis.
I should finally like to express my gratitude to my beloved parents who have always been helping
me out of difficulties and supporting without a word of complaint.

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