5/30/2021 Formatting Guidelines - Citation Styles & Tools - Library Guides at University of Washington Libraries

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Citation Basics Citation Styles & Tools: Formatting Guidelines

(https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/citations/citation-
Quick help on citing sources and tools for storing and organizing sources.
basics)

MLA Style In-Text Citations Formatting Guidelines

(https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/citations/mla-
style) In-text citation in APA Style uses an author-
for References Page
date system. Place the author's name and APA style provides writers with a system for
APA Style year of publication in parentheses, referencing sources through parenthetical
(https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/citations/apa-
separated by a comma (#1). If the name of citations, but also speci es guidelines for
style) the author appears in the text, cite only the formatting papers. Below nd basic
year in parentheses (#2). If both author and guidelines for formatting your paper and
Chicago Notes &
Bibliography Style

nb)
year appear in the text, don't include a
parenthetical citation (#3).
(https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/citations/chicago-
#1: In the beginning stages... (Jenkins, 2003)
References List. For more in-depth
information on formatting, check out the
OWL APA Formatting and Style Guide
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
(https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resourc
Chicago Author-Date #2: Jenkins (2003) described the beginning
Style stages... You essay should be double-spaced with 1"
(https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/citations/chicago- margins. APA recommends using one of the
#3: In his seminal 2003 study, Jenkins following fonts and sizes: 12-point Times
ad)
described ... New Roman, 11-point Calibri, 11-point Arial,
Other Citation Styles 10-point Lucida Sans Unicode, or 11-point
Sources with multiple authors:
(https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/citations/citation- Georgia
2 authors: cite both names every time; e.g.,
styles)
(Smith & Jones, 2014) References Title: Type the word
Quick Citation 3+ authors: cite only the 1st author plus et. "References" in the top center of a new page.
Generators al. subsequently; e.g., (Smith et al., 2013) Don't bold, underline, or use quotation
(https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/citations/quick- marks for the label. Double-space citations
cite) and insert commas, colons, semicolons, and
Direct quotations:
In general, for a direct quote (rather than a periods that separate parts of the citation. 
Citation Management
Software paraphrase), provide a page number in the Indentation: First line of each citation
citation in addition to the author and date.
(https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/citations/citation- is ush with the left margin; indent all
tools) Example: subsequent lines of the citation.
But in the words of the inimitable Winnie: Order: Alphabetize citations by rst
Citations in UW
“Rivers know this: there is no hurry. We shall author's last name. Alphabetize
Libraries Search
get there some day” (Milne, 1926, p. 79). sources without authors by title.
(https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/citations/primo-
Authors: Invert all authors names;
citations) **For more examples, please see the APA give surnames & initials for up to and
Manual or the OWL APA Guide including the 1st 20 authors. If there
(https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/). are more than 21 authors, list the rst
20, then insert three ellipsis points and
end with the last author's name. 
Capitalization: Capitalize only the rst
d f th titl d btitl f b k
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5/30/2021 Formatting Guidelines - Citation Styles & Tools - Library Guides at University of Washington Libraries
word of the title and subtitle of books,
DOIs (Digital Object articles and websites. However,
Identi ers) capitalize all proper names/words and
all words in the title of a journal,
UW Healthlinks Guide to the DOI magazine, newspaper. Example: The
(http://guides.lib.uw.edu/hsl/doi) Seattle Times.
Includes a de nition of what the DOI is DOI & URLs: If available, include a DOI
and tips on where to nd it. or a URL at the end of the citation. THe
A DOI is a unique, permanent locator for signi er of DOI: is not needed within
online materials.They are usually found at the citation.
the top of an article or with the other citation Date: Follows the author's name, or
information -- look for the letters "doi" the title if there is no author. Use full
followed by an alphanumeric sequence date when citing magazines,
beginning with 10. Many older articles may newspapers, newsletters and
not have a DOI. conference/symposium papers and
proceedings. Use only the year when
Free DOI Lookup citing journal articles and books. If
(http://www.crossref.org/guestquery/) possible, include the date a web site
Use citation information to determine if was created or updated.
an article has a DOI. Italics: Titles of books and journals are
Resolve a DOI (http://dx.doi.org/) italicized. Journal volume numbers are
also italicized but issue numbers are
DOI and URL FLowchart
not.
(http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2009/09/a-
Page numbers: Use p. or pp. before
doi-and-url- owchart.html)
page numbers for magazines and
From the o cial APA blog.
newspapers that don't have volume
numbers. They are also used for pages

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for encyclopedia articles and chapters
in edited books. Page number
abbreviations aren't used when citing
journal articles with volume numbers.
Publication information: Name of
publisher.
Web sites: If the web site has a
personal author it is cited similar to
books etc including author, title, date
etc. and retrieval date since content
may change. When discussing an
entire web site it is listed in the body
of the page with name of web site or
group and URL. Web site addresses
are not included in the reference list.
Retrieved from: Use when there is no
DOI for a journal or magazine article
and you retrieved the article
electronically, e.g., Retrieved from
http://www.newsweek.com. It isn't
necessary to include a "retrieved from"
statement with name of database
from which an online article was
retrieved. Exception: Add database
name used when citing materials with
limited circulation.
 

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5/30/2021 Formatting Guidelines - Citation Styles & Tools - Library Guides at University of Washington Libraries
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