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APPENDIX A
Rate of Pump Deceleration
The decay rate of driver speed is governed by the inertia of the system consisting of the pump, coupling,
gearbox (if required) & driver, which are counteracted by the torque transferred to the fluid. Also neglecting
the mechanical losses, we have,

æ dN ö
T = -(2p )J ç ÷ [N-m] (1)
è dt ø
éJ M ù
Where, J = System Inertia (pump + gearbox + driver) [kg-m2] = J = J P + ê 2ú
ë (Gear Ratio ) û
N = Speed of pump Rotor [rpm] or [min-1]
The rate of speed decay as well as the system inertia determines the torque decay of the pump. Therefore
the power transferred to the liquid is,

P = (2pNT ) N × m (2)
min
Substituting Eq. (1) in Eq. (2), the power transferred during shutdown is,

é æ dN öù
P = 2pN ´ ê- (2p )J ç ÷ú (3)
ë è dt øû
Applying fan power law as an approximation in which ‘k’ is relatively unvarying for a given curve,

P µ N 3 Þ P = kN 3 ; k =
60 P
N(× m × min 2
Þ P )
=
kN 3
(4)
N3 60
Substituting Eq. (4) in Eq. (3), we have

kN 3 é æ dN öù
= 2pN ´ ê- (2p )J ç ÷ú (5)
60 ë è dt øû

dN kN 2 æ N ö dN kN 2 æ kg × m ö
Rearranging, = ç
ç ÷
÷ Þ = ç ÷÷ (6)
- (2p ) J ´ 60 è kg × m ø - (2p ) J ´ 60 çè kg × m × sec
2 2 2
dt dt ø
Integrating Eq. (C.6), and also multiplying by (602) to convert sec2 (rev/s) to min2 (rev/min)
N = N (t ) t =t
dN k ´ 60
ò
N = N0 N 2
=
- (2p ) J
2 ò dt
t0
(7)

N (t ) N (t )
é N - 2+1 ù k ´ 60 é1ù 60k (t - t 0 )
ê ú = ´ (t - t 0 ) Þ ê ú = (8)
ë - 2 + 1û N 0 - (2p ) J (2p )2 J
2
ë N û N0

1 1 60k (t - t 0 ) 1 1 60k (t - t 0 ) 1
- = Þ = + Þ N (t ) = (9)
N (t ) N 0 (2p ) J
2
N (t ) N 0 (2p ) J
2
1 60k (t - t 0 )
+
N0 (2p )2 J
Where, N0 is the speed of the pump before shutdown. The second denominator term exists with the units
N.m.min/kg.m2 & this is converted to min-1 which gives,
1
N (t ) = (10)
1 216000k (t - t 0 )
+
N0 (2p )2 J
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The pump characteristics have been defined starting from the pump power and pump speed. The pump
momentum of inertia has been estimated by using the following formula (Ref. Hysys manual).
0.9556
æ P ö
J p = 0.03768 × ç 3 ÷ (11)
èN ø
1.48
æPö
J m = 0.0043 × ç ÷ (12)
èNø
Where,
P = Shaft power [kW]
N = Pump rotation speed [rpm/1000]
I = Inertia [kg.m2]

Since no gear box is available, the gear ratio is 1.0. Therefore, the total momentum of inertia (kg.m2) for a
pump will be
J = J p + Jm (13)

For the current calculations, the following data is taken from the pump data sheet for P-2710JA/J.
1. Operating Speed = 1460 rpm
2. Power =

æ kg ö æ kJ ö
P = mç ÷ ´ H çç ÷÷ [kW ] (14)
è sec ø è kg ø
H æ H [metres] ö 1
P = m´ = Q´ r ´ç ÷ (15)
102.04 è 102.04 ø h pump

440 æ 170 ö 1
P= ´ 870 ´ ç ÷´ » 250kW (16)
3600 è 102.04 ø 0.7
Note: the value of 102.04 is to convert head from ‘metres’ to ‘kJ/kg’ in Eq. (14) & the pump efficiency is
assumed to be 70%. The total inertia therefore is,
0.9556 1.48
æ P ö æPö
J = 0.03768 × ç 3 ÷ + 0.0043 × ç ÷ (17)
èN ø èNø
0.9556
æ ö æ ö
1.48
ç ÷ ç ÷
ç 250 ÷ ç 250 ÷
J = 0.03768 × ç 3 ÷
+ 0.0043 × (18)
ç æ 1460 ö ÷
ç æç 1460 ö÷ ÷ çç ÷÷
ç 1000 ÷ è è 1000 ø ø
èè ø ø

J = 11.2 kg.m 2 (19)

The pump power curve power constant is taken to be

k=
60 P 60 ´ 250 ´ 1000
3
= 3
= 0.00482 N × m × min 2( )
N 1460

Using these values in Eq. (10) & starting from t0 = 30 sec, the pump shutdown curve is as follows,
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Figure 7. Pump Coast down Curve

From the curve, it is seen that the pump comes to a halt in 6 seconds.