Additive Manufacturing Additive Manufacturing Technology Additive Manufacturing
Additive Manufacturing Additive Manufacturing Technology Additive Manufacturing
TECHNOLOGY
This course bridges gap between idea and production. Rapid prototyping is a group of
methods used to rapidly manufacture a scale model of a physical part or assembly
using three-dimensional computer aided design (CAD), Computed Tomography (CT)
and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data. Construction of the part or assembly is
usually done using 3D printing technology. Rapid prototyping techniques are often
referred to solid free; computer automated manufacturing, form fabrication. This
course covers the knowledge of rapid prototyping systems.
II. PREREQUISITE(S):
Manufacturing process, Engineering Materials
Bloom’s
Taxonomy
S.No Course Outcomes(CO) Level
At the end of the course, students should be able to:
Describe various CAD issues for 3D printing and rapid prototyping and related
CO1 operations for STL model manipulation.
L1, L2, L3
Formulate and solve typical problems on reverse engineering for surface
CO2 reconstruction from physical prototype models through digitizing and spline-
based surface fitting. L1, L2, L3
Formulate and solve typical problems on reverse engineering for surface
CO3 reconstruction from digitized mesh models through topological modelling and
subdivision surface fitting. L1, L2, L3
Explain and summarize the principles and key characteristics of additive
CO4 manufacturing technologies and commonly used 3D printing and additive
manufacturing systems. L1, L2, L3
Explain and summarize typical rapid tooling processes for quick batch production
CO5 of plastic and metal parts.
L1, L2, L3
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 11
V. HOW PROGRAM OUTCOMES ARE ASSESSED:
Proficiency
Program Outcomes(PO) Level assessed by
3 Seminar
Engineering Knowledge: Capability to apply knowledge of
PO1 Mathematics, Science Engineering in the field of Mechanical
Engineering
3 Seminar
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 12
Project Management and Finance: An ability to provide leadership in N --
managing complex engineering project at multi-disciplinary
PO11 environment and to become a professional engineer.
UNIT - I
Introduction: Prototyping fundamentals, Historical development, Fundamentals of Rapid
Prototyping, Advantages, and Limitations of Rapid Prototyping, Commonly used Terms,
Classification of RP process, Rapid Prototyping Process Chain: Fundamental Automated
Processes, Process Chain.
UNIT - II
Liquid-based Rapid Prototyping Systems: Stereo lithography Apparatus (SLA): Models
and specifications, Process, working principle, photopolymers, photo polymerization,
Layering technology, laser and laser scanning, Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages,
Case studies. Solid ground curing (SGC): Models and specifications, Process, working
principle, Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages, Case studies Solid-based Rapid
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 13
Prototyping Systems: Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM): Models and specifications,
Process, working principle, Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages, Case studies.
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM): Models and specifications, Process, working principle,
Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages, Case studies.
UNIT - III
Powder Based Rapid Prototyping Systems: Selective laser sintering (SLS): Models and
specifications, Process, working principle, Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages,
Case studies. Three dimensional Printing (3DP): Models and specifications, Process, working
principle, Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages, Case studies. Rapid Tooling:
Introduction to Rapid Tooling (RT), Conventional Tooling Vs RT, Need for RT. Rapid
Tooling Classification; Indirect Rapid Tooling Methods: Spray Metal Deposition, RTV
Epoxy Tools, Ceramic tools, Investment Casting, Spin Casting, Die casting, Sand Casting,
3D Keltool process. Direct Rapid Tooling : Direct AIM, LOM Tools, DTM Rapid Tool
Process, EOS Direct Tool Process and Direct Metal Tooling using 3DP
UNIT - IV
Rapid Prototyping Data Formats: STL Format, STL File Problems, Consequence of Building
Valid and Invalid Tessellated Models, STL file Repairs: Generic Solution, Other Translators,
Newly Proposed Formats. Rapid Prototyping Software’s: Features of various RP software’s
like Magics, Mimics, Solid View, View Expert, 3 D View, Velocity 2, Rhino, STL View 3
Data Expert and 3 D doctor.
UNIT - V
RP Applications : Application - Material Relationship, Application in Design, Application in
Engineering, Analysis and Planning, Aerospace Industry, Automotive Industry, Jewelry
Industry, Coin Industry, GIS application, Arts and Architecture. RP Medical and
Bioengineering Applications: Planning and simulation of complex surgery, Customized
Implants & Prosthesis, Design and Production of Medical Devices, Forensic Science and
Anthropology, Visualization of Biomolecules.
TEXT BOOKS:
Rapid prototyping; Principles and Applications /Chua C.K., Leong K.F. and
LIM C.S/World Scientific Publications
Rapid Manufacturing /D.T. Pham and S.S. Dimov/Springer
REFERENCE BOOKS:
Terry Wohlers, Wholers Report 2000, Wohlers Associates
Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing /PaulF.Jacobs/ASME
MECH II Yr – II Sem. 14
VIII. LESSON PLAN- COURSE SCHEDULE (WEEK-WISE):
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 15
Solid-based Rapid Understand the different Chalk & Talk
12
Prototyping Systems models and specifications
Laminated Object Chalk & Talk
Manufacturing (LOM):
Models and
specifications, Process, Understand and apply the
13 working principle, Laminated Object
Applications, Manufacturing
Advantages and
Disadvantages, Case
studies.
Fused Deposition Chalk & Talk
Modeling (FDM):
Models and
specifications, Process,
Understand and apply the
14 working principle,
Fused Deposition Modeling
Applications,
Advantages and
Disadvantages, Case
studies.
Unit-III
Powder Based Rapid Chalk & Talk
Understand and apply the
Prototyping Systems:
15 Powder Based Rapid
Selective laser sintering
Prototyping Systems
(SLS)
Models and Chalk & Talk
specifications, Process,
working principle,
Implementation of latest
16 Applications,
trends in RP Rapid
Advantages and
prototyping;
Disadvantages, Case
Principles and
studies.
Applications
Three dimensional Chalk & Talk
/Chua C.K.,
Printing (3DP): Models
Leong K.F.
and specifications,
and LIM
Process, working Apply the concepts of Three
17 C.S/World
principle, Applications, Dimensional Printing
Scientific
Advantages and
Publications
Disadvantages, Case
studies
Rapid Tooling: Identify and understand of Chalk & Talk
18 Introduction to Rapid need of Rapid prototyping
Tooling (RT) tooling
Identify and understand of Chalk & Talk
19 Conventional Tooling need of Rapid prototyping
Vs RT, Need for RT tooling
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 16
Rapid Tooling Identify and understand of Chalk & Talk
20 Classification; Indirect need of Rapid prototyping
Rapid Tooling Methods tooling
Identify and understand of Chalk & Talk
21 need of Rapid prototyping
Spray Metal Deposition tooling
Identify and understand of Chalk & Talk
22 RTV Epoxy Tools, need of Rapid prototyping
Ceramic tools tooling
Investment Casting, Chalk & Talk
Understand and the Rapid
23 Spin Casting, Die
Tooling
casting, Sand Casting
Understand and the Rapid Chalk & Talk
24
3D Keltool process Tooling
Understand and the Rapid Chalk & Talk
25
Direct Rapid Tooling Tooling
Direct AIM, LOM Chalk & Talk
Tools, DTM Rapid
Tool Process, EOS Understand and the Rapid
26
Direct Tool Process Tooling
and Direct Metal
Tooling using 3DP
Unit-IV
Rapid Prototyping Data Chalk & Talk Rapid
Understand and the Rapid
27 Formats: STL Format, prototyping;
Tooling
STL File Problems Principles and
Consequence of Chalk & Talk Applications
Building Valid and Understand and the Rapid /Chua C.K.,
28
Invalid Tessellated Tooling Leong K.F.
Models and LIM
STL file Repairs: Chalk & Talk C.S/World
Understand and the STL
29 Generic Solution, Other Scientific
File Repairs
Translators Publications
Newly Proposed Understand and the STL Chalk & Talk
30
Formats File Repairs
Rapid Prototyping Understand and the STL Chalk & Talk Rapid
31
Software’s File Repairs prototyping;
Features of various RP Chalk & Talk Principles and
software’s like Magics, Applications
Mimics, Solid View, /Chua C.K.,
View Expert, 3 D Understand and the STL Leong K.F.
32
View, Velocity 2, File Repairs and LIM
Rhino, STL View 3 C.S/World
Data Expert and 3 D Scientific
doctor. Publications
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 17
Unit-V
RP Applications : Chalk & Talk
Application - Material
Identify and understand
Relationship,
33 applications of Rapid
Application in Design,
prototyping technologies
Application in
Engineering
Identify and understand Chalk & Talk
34 applications of Rapid
Analysis and Planning prototyping technologies
Aerospace Industry, Chalk & Talk
Rapid
Automotive Industry, Identify and understand
prototyping;
35 Jewelry Industry, Coin applications of Rapid
Principles and
Industry, GIS prototyping technologies
Applications
application
/Chua C.K.,
Arts and Architecture. Chalk & Talk
Identify and understand Leong K.F.
RP Medical and
36 applications of Rapid and LIM
Bioengineering
prototyping technologies C.S/World
Applications
Scientific
Planning and Chalk & Talk
Identify and understand Publications
simulation of complex
37 applications of Rapid
surgery, Customized
prototyping technologies
Implants & Prosthesis
Identify and understand Chalk & Talk
38 Design and Production applications of Rapid
of Medical Devices prototyping technologies
Forensic Science and Chalk & Talk
Identify and understand
Anthropology,
39 applications of Rapid
Visualization of
prototyping technologies
Biomolecules.
IX. MAPPING COURSE OUTCOMES LEADING TO THE ACHIEVEMENT
OFPROGRAM OUTCOMES AND PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 18
X. QUESTION BANK JNTUH
Bloom’s
Q.No Questions Taxonomy Course Outcome
Level
Unit I
1 Why rapid prototyping is important in industries. Understand 2
How rapid prototyping systems are classified. Give the
2 example for each classification. Understand 2
3 Explain the key aspects of rapid prototype technologies. Understand 2
What meant by rapid prototype. What are the roles of 2
4 prototype in development process. Understand
Explain in detail the common information work flow 2
indicating the main stage of rapid prototyping system work
5 flow. Understand
6 Describe the steps involved in rapid process chain. Understand 2
7 Briefly classify the rapid prototyping systems Understand 2
8 List out the advantages of rapid prototyping process Understand 2
“Establish a statement that rapid prototyping is limited to 2
9 some application” Justify your statement. Understand
10 Explain the limitations of rapid prototyping. Understand 2
Establish a statement how rapid prototyping is used in 2
11 automation. Understand
Explain rapid prototyping. Classification of rapid 2
12 prototyping system. Understand
Unit II
Define the fundamental principle of stereo lithography
1 process. Understand 2
2 Explain alternating direction implicit method. Understand 2
3 Define fused deposition modeling. Knowledge 2
Compare solid based rapid prototyping and liquid based
4 rapid prototyping. Knowledge 2
Differentiate between stereo lithography and solid ground
5 curing. Knowledge 2
6 Define laminated object manufacturing and specification. Knowledge 2
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 19
8 Explain merits of fused deposition modeling. Knowledge 2
9 List out the application of fused deposition modeling. Understand 2
Explain laminated object manufacturing and its
10 applications. Understand 2
Unit III
1 Explain the selective laser sintering.Process. Understand 3
2 Explain the three dimensional printing. Understand 3
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Selective 3
3 laser sintering. Understand
4 Write the applications of 3DP. Understand 3
5 Explain the powder based rapid prototyping. Knowledge 3
6 What is rapid tool and list out its advantages? Knowledge 3
7 Differentiate soft tooling and hard tooling. Understand 3
8 What is investment casting? Understand 3
9 Explain vaccum casting. Understand 3
What are the applications of FDM models. Give an 3
10 example. Knowledge
What is the need of rapid prototyping while conventional 3
11 tooling are existing. Knowledge
Unit IV
1 Discuss on STL files and define slicing relevant to CAD. Knowledge 4
Explain the features of various rapid prototyping 4
2 softwares. Knowledge
Explain the consequences of building valid and invalid 4
3 tessellated models. Knowledge
4 Explain the concept occurring errors in SH files. Knowledge 4
5 Explain the concept of file exchange errors Understand 4
6 Explain the data format in rapid prototyping. Understand 4
7 Explain the softwares in rapid prototyping. Understand 4
Unit V
Explain with a suitable example the application of rapid
1 prototyping in aerospace industry. Knowledge 5
Which rapid prototyping processes are best suited for 5
2 production of ceramic part. why. Knowledge
How does aerospace technology make use of rapid tooling 5
3 application. Knowledge
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 20
Summarize the applications of rapid prototyping in various 5
4 industries. Understand
Summarize the applications of rapid protyping in 5
5 automotive sector. Understand
List out the applications of rapid prototyping in aerospace 5
6 industry. Understand
Generalize the statement “material relationship effects the 5
7 rapid prototyping”. Understand
Explain the application of analysis and planning in rapid 5
8 prototyping. Understand
How the rapid prototyping is useful in the arts and 5
9 architecture. Understand
Write the applications of customized implants and 5
10 prosthesis. Understand
Unit II
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 21
2
4 Explain with the help of simple line diagram explain the construction
details of extrusion head in FDM process. Understand
2
5
Describe Fused deposition modeling process with a neat sketch. Understand
Unit III
Unit IV
1 Explain the STL format. Discuss the Generic and dedicated solution
with example. Apply 4
4
2 Explain the procedure of modeling, STL file creation and layering
steps before printing 3D model in RP machine for the following types
of models (i) Economical model. (ii) Precision model Apply
Differentiate soft tooling and hard tooling and also Compare direct 4
3
tooling and indirect tooling. Apply
4
4 Explain the futures of RP software and summarize about solid view,
view expert, 3D view and STL view in detail. Apply
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 22
Write short on following. 4
(i) Influence of building orientation.
5 (ii) File exchange errors. Apply
(iii) Errors in STLfiles.
(iv) Part building errors.
4
6 Explain the procedure of modeling, STL file creation and layering
steps before printing 3D model in RP machine for the following types
of models (i) Economical model. (ii) Precision Model Apply
Differentiate soft tooling and hard tooling and Compare direct tooling 4
7
and indirect tooling. Apply
8 Explain Arc spray metal tooling with a neat sketch Apply 4
Explain the futures of RP software and summarize about solid view, 4
9 view expert, 3D view and STL view in detail. Apply
Unit V
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 23
Categorize how the material relationship will contribute in rapid 5
8 prototype technique specify the applications in forensic science and
anthropology Apply
5
9 Discuss with a cases study how design and production of medical
devices are done by the rapid prototyping. Knowledge
5
10 Explain how forensic science and anthropology uses rapid
prototyping technique. Understand
UNIT I
1. Additive mfg uses much less material than other subtractive mfg processes.
True False
2. You can send a file through a usb cable, thumb drive, or cloud server to the machine.
True False
3. File type most commonly exported from CAD software?
SLDRT JPG STL X3G
4.Which should be considered when orienting the part on the build plate in the slicing
software?
Holes should always be printed horizontally
The footprint of the part should be as small as possible.
You should minimize the number of overhangs.
All of the above
5.Solidworks Design Guidance function produces much more organic and unique geometry
than other modelled by the user.
True False
6.Prototype contains three aspects of interests
i)Implementation,ii)_____________,iii)_____________
7.Four aspects of RP, they are Input,_______,__________,__________ and applications.
8.All RP systems can be easily categorized into i)_________,ii)_________, and_________.
9.Three fundamental fabrications are i)_______,ii)_________ and iii)_________.
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 24
10.After 3D geometric modelling, a user can make a part through NC programming or
through RP ?
True False
11.STL files are problematic ?
True False
UNIT II
1.Which of the following is typically the most expensive type of 3D printer.
SLA SLM FDM None of the above
2.FDM stands for Fused Deposition Modelling.
True False
3.SLA stands for Stereolighting Amplification.
True False
4.FDM printers can print multiple materials at one time.
True False
5.Which type of printer uses an enclose build area?
SLA SLS MDS FDM
6.New Material in a FDM printer should have material pushed through the nozzle.
True False
7.You can pause a 3d print to check for material.
True False
8.SLA printers automatically heat the resin.
True False
9.FDM material must be oriented, strand loaded, and checked for kinks.
True False
10.FDM build plates are prepared by..
Putting hair spray on it.
Putting a layer of painters tape on it.
Putting a glue stick layer on it.
All the above
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 25
UNIT III
1.3D printing technology is expanding and is now able to print metal parts.
True False
2.Which type of 3D printer uses a pool of resin to create the solid part?
FDM SLA SNL none of the above
3.What material is not used in 3D printing?
Nylon ABS PLA PVC
4.All cad software titles can export 3D printable part files.
True False
5.All 3D parts will stick together using superglue to hold them.
True False
6.Scaling a part can help it account for shrinkage and make the correct final dimensions.
True False
7..All cad software titles can export 3D printable part files.
True False
8.All 3D parts will stick together using superglue to hold them.
True False
9..Food items can be printed using a 3D printer
True False
UNIT IV
1.All 3D parts will stick together using superglue to hold them.
True False
2.Scaling a part can help it account for shrinkage and make the correct final dimensions.
True False
3.If a part includes a 1 mm rod feature, it should be slightly undersized to fit inside a 1 mm
hole.
True False
4.A printed part should be allowed to cure before testing if it fits.
True False
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 26
5.Water soluble material allows you to use alcohol to remove support material.
True False
6.SLA printers use isopropyl alcohol baths to clean parts.
Ture False
7.All support material can be removed by hand.
True False
8.If a part includes a 1 mm rod feature, it should be slightly undersized to fit inside a 1 mm
hole.
True False
UNIT V
1.Some 3D printer models have fixtures that mount and hold the build platform.
True False
2.Blue painters tape is the most difficult to remove from printed parts
True False
3.Sharp edges should point away from you when prying parts.
True False
4.Solidworks Design Guidance function produces much more organic and unique geometry
than other modelled by the user.
True False
5.Typical applications of RP in industries are_________,_________, Jewellery,________
and________
6.____________ are necessary for product manufacturing in aerospace, automobile, and
biomedical.
7.Classification of rapid tooling are___________, and __________.
8.DLMS stands for ________________.
9.Stereolithography is used to produce _____________.
10.____________ and _____________ are some of the components used in biomedical
industry.
11.RP systems can be applied to traditional systems like __________ and __________.
12.Some general steps involved in the art to part process are _________,__________, and
_________.
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 27
13.Automobile industry uses RP techniques to produce some components like
___________,____________, and _____________.
MECH IV Yr – I Sem. 28