4) Types of Lin. Egn. - Based On No. of Variables. 5) Methods To Solve Linear Equations

Summary
1) Three Main Types of Equations.

2) Characteristics of Linear Equations.
3) Standard Form of linear Equations.
4) Types of Lin. Egn. - Based on No. of Variables.
5) Methods to Solve Linear Equations.
6) 3 Possibilities Related to Graphical Method.

7) Systems of Lin. Eqn. - Consistent & Inconsistent
8) Relation Between Constants & Roots of Eqn.
9) Concept of Dependant Equations.
Note : Practice 60 Que. Given in PDF for Perfection

1) Three Main Types of Equations
(— There are 3 Main Types of equations

1) Linear Equations ( Max. Power = 1 )
E.g., 3x + 4y = 8 (1 Root, Need 2 Eqn. to Solve )
2) Quadratic Equations ( Max. Power = 2 )
E.g., 5x*
+ 7x-6 = 0(2 Roots x=-2o0r3/5 )
3) Polynomial Equations ( Max. Power > 2 )
E.g., 5x* + 7x? - 6x? + 8x - 7 = 0 (4 Roots)
Tscae : As Much Highest Power - As Many ae /
Types of | Represents | Max. | No. of Graph
Equations | onGraph | Power | Solution P
1)| Linear Line 1 1 —_—
2) | Quadratic Curve 2 2
3) |Polynomial| Multicurve | >2 >2 q k

2) Characteristics of Linear Equation
/— 1) Linear Equations Has Max. Power = 1 >

Hence It has 1 Root or One Solution
2) Linear Equation When Plotted on a Graph

Represents a Straight Line. E.g., 2x - y = 4
Take Values of “x” on our Own & Find “y”
IfX=-1,y=-6; Ifx=1, y=-2
Plot Points A (- 1,-6) B(1,-2 ) onaGraph

\ Connect Them > We will Get a “Line” J)
3) Standard Form of pair of Linear Equations
(— a, X + biy = Cy
\
a>X + boy = Cy
a, , by, Cy g a2, D2, C2

are Constant Terms
: Note:
a, and b, together cannot be “O” But,
\_ Either of Them i.e., Either a, or b, can be oy
3) Standard Form of pair of Linear Equations
a; X + biy = Cy
a2x + byy = Cz
Example
Identify a,, b,, Cc, & a5, D2, C, in Below Equations
1) 3x + 4y =8 ; 7x - 3y
= -2
2) 2x - 9y = 0; 15x +3 =0
3) 3x -4y- 11 =0; 2x- 9y=15
4) Types of Lin. Eqn.’s - Based on No. of Variables
1 Variable - x 2 Variable - x,y
|
x+3=9 2x+3y=5
x=9-3 5x-y=4
x=6 (x,y)=(1,1)
3 Variable- x,y,z
x+y+z=11
2x+y-z=9
5x + 2y-3z=15
A
Note : As many variable that many Eq" are required to solve.

5) Methods to Solve Linear Equations
(— There are 4 Methods to >»)

Solve Linear Equations
1) Substitution Method
2) Cross Multiplication or
Cramer's Method
3) Elimination Method
\ 4) Graphical Method /
Elimination Method is Most Popular and Widely Used

6) 3 Possibilities related to Graphical Method
(~ )
Linear Equation Represents a Line
Hence
Two Linear Equations Represent 2 Lines
Now, If we Draw 2 Lines in a Plane

There are 3 Possibilities
1) Both Lines Intersect at 1 Point.
2) Both Lines are Coinciding or Overlapping
i.e., One line on Another.
3) Both Lines are Parallel to Each Other.

NY /
7) Systems of Linear Equations
Consistent System
If we Solve a Pair of Linear Eq. and if we get minimum
one Solution it is called Consistent System.
i.e., Intersect & Coinciding or Overlap Case
Inconsistent System
If we Solve a Pair of Linear Eq. and if we Do Not Get
Any Solution it is called Inconsistent System.
i.e., Parallel Case

8) Relation Betn. Constants & Roots of Lin. Eqn.
Intersect - Unique Solution - Consistent

ay b,
Condition > — # —
: Example:
Equation -1:2x+3y=5
Equation - 2:5x-y=4
Point “P” is Called Soln.
or Point of Intersection
Coincide - Infinite Solution - Consistent
Condition > —— = —— = —_—
: Example:
Equation -1:2x+3y=5
Equation - 2 : 4x + 6y = 10
P, Q, R, 8, T Many Common
Points & All are Solutions

Parallel - No Solution - Inconsistent
ay b Cy
Condition > —— = —1 ¥ __~
ay b, C2
: Example:
Equation -1:2x+3y=5
Equation - 2 : 4x + 6y =9
There is No Common Point
Hence No Solution Exists

Summary of Important Conditions
Intersect - Unique Solution - Consistent

ay b,
Condition > — # —
ay b,
Coincide - Infinite Solution - Consistent
Condition > —— = —+ = __
a, b, 7)
9) Concept of Dependant Equations
ForaGiven Eqn. a,X+b,;y=cC, The New Eqn.

Which we Get by Multiplying “k’” is Called
Dependant Equation E.g., kKa,x+kKb,y=Kc,

Nn A
( ~
Example
2x+3y=5.... (1) ; 4x+6y=10...... (2)
Where “k = 2” is Multiplied with Eqn. 1 to Get Eqn. 2
Hence, Both are Called Dependant Equations.
Important Note
Dependant Eq.’s Always have Infinite Solutions
\ A

4) Types of Lin. Egn. - Based On No. of Variables. 5) Methods To Solve Linear Equations

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Summary

1) Three Main Types of Equations.

5) Methods to Solve Linear Equations.

6) 3 Possibilities Related to Graphical Method.

Note : Practice 60 Que. Given in PDF for Perfection

(— There are 3 Main Types of equations

1)| Linear Line 1 1 —_—

3) |Polynomial| Multicurve | >2 >2 q k

/— 1) Linear Equations Has Max. Power = 1 >

2) Linear Equation When Plotted on a Graph

Plot Points A (- 1,-6) B(1,-2 ) onaGraph

a, , by, Cy g a2, D2, C2

Note : As many variable that many Eq" are required to solve.

(— There are 4 Methods to >»)

Elimination Method is Most Popular and Widely Used

Two Linear Equations Represent 2 Lines

Now, If we Draw 2 Lines in a Plane

3) Both Lines are Parallel to Each Other.

i.e., Intersect & Coinciding or Overlap Case

i.e., Parallel Case

Intersect - Unique Solution - Consistent

Coincide - Infinite Solution - Consistent

Condition > —— = —— = —_—

Points & All are Solutions

Parallel - No Solution - Inconsistent

Hence No Solution Exists

Intersect - Unique Solution - Consistent

ForaGiven Eqn. a,X+b,;y=cC, The New Eqn.

Dependant Equation E.g., kKa,x+kKb,y=Kc,

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