SCRIPT

SCRIPT: FAYE ABDELLAH
Part 1: According to Abdellah “Nursing is based on an art and science that mold the attitudes,
intellectual competencies, and technical skills of the individual nurse into the desire and ability
to help people, sick or well, cope with their health needs.”
Part 2: Abdellah viewed nursing as a comprehensive service, some of it includes: How nurses
recognize the problem of the patient. The continuity of the care an individual totally needs.
(Note: You can view the other inclusions to the ppt provided located at files.)
Part 3: Faye Glenn Abdellah was an American pioneer in nursing research. Abdellah was the
first nurse and woman to serve as the Deputy Surgeon General of the United States.
Part 4: Abdellah’s patient – centered approach to nursing theory was created to be able to
assist with nursing education and is most applicable to the education of the nurses.
Part 5: Abdellah’s typology of 21 nursing problems, assumption, concept, steps to identify the
client’s problem, 11 nursing skills, and use of 21 problems in the nursing process and
limitations.
Part 6: Abdellah created 10 steps to identify the patient’s problem:
o Learn to know the patient.

o Sort out relevant and significant data.
o Generalize about available data concerning similar nursing problems presented
by other patients.
o Identify the therapeutic plan.
o Test generalizations with the patient and make additional generalizations.
Part 7:
o Continue to observe and evaluate the patient over a period to identify any
attitudes and clues affecting his or her behavior.
o Validate the patient’s conclusions about his nursing problems.
o Explore the patient and their family’s reactions to the therapeutic plan and
involve them in the plan.
o Identify how the nurses feel about the patient’s nursing problems.
o Discuss and develop a comprehensive nursing care plan.
Part 8: Abdellah created 11 nursing skills:
o observation of health status

o skills of communication
o application of knowledge
o the teaching of patients and families
o planning and organization of work
o use of resource materials.
Part 9:
o use of personnel resources.
o problem-solving
o the direction of work of others
o therapeutic uses of the self
o nursing procedure
Part 10: The needs of patients are divided into four categories: basic to all patients, substernal
care needs, remedial care needs, and restorative care needs.
Part 11: Needs that are basic to all patients are to maintain good hygiene and physical comfort;
promote optimal activity, including exercise, rest and sleep.
Part 12: Substernal care needs facilitate the maintenance of a supply of oxygen to all body cells.
Part 13: Remedial care needs identify and accept positive and negative expressions, feelings,
and reactions.
Part 14: Restorative care needs include the acceptance of the optimum possible goals
considering limitations, both physical and emotional.
Part 15: Metaparadigm is developed to address the patient, the patient's welfare and well-
being, the patient's environment, and nursing duties. Watson’s interpretation of the nursing
metaparadigm encourages the practice of fulfilling the needs through human care.
SCRIPT: JEAN WATSON

Part 1: One of the notable women nurses who have influenced the current nursing practice that
we know today is Jean Watson. She is an American nurse theorist and nursing professor who is
widely recognized for her “Philosophy and Theory of Transpersonal Caring”.
Part 2: Her theory of caring has been used in nursing schools and healthcare facilities all over
the world to improve patient care and education.
Part 3: Watson describes caring as a moral ideal of nursing in which the aim is to protect,
improve, and preserve human dignity. Stating that the heart of nursing is caring, it is the most
important and unifying emphasis for nursing practice.
Part 4: It focuses on the interpersonal and transpersonal relationship between nurses and

others. A caring environment embraces a person for who he or she is while still anticipating
what he or she might become.
Part 5: Caring is based on the ethic of relationship and connectedness. The dedication to a
human caring-healing ethic is nursing's social, spiritual, and scientific contribution to humanity.
Part 6 – 7: Watson defined three of the four metaparadigm concepts as, PERSON - referred
human being as a valued person in and of him or herself to be cared for, respected, nurtured,
understood and assisted; HEALTH- a high level of overall physical, mental, and social
functioning; and NURSING - a science of persons and health-illness experience that are
mediated by professional, personal, scientific, and ethical care interactions.
Part 8 – 9: Then the ten devised carative factors for the fourth metaparadigm concept,
ENVIRONMENT tells us to:
1. Embrace: Altruistic Values and Practice Loving Kindness with Self and Others
2. Inspire: Faith and Hope and Honor Others
3. Trust: Self and Others by Nurturing Individual Beliefs, Personal Growth and Practices
4. Nurture: Helping, Trusting, Caring Relationships
5. Forgive: and Accept Positive and Negative Feelings – Authentically Listen to Another’s
Story
6. Deepen: Scientific Problem-Solving Methods for Caring Decision Making
7. Balance: Teaching and Learning to Address the Individual Needs, Readiness and Learning
Styles
8. Co-Create: A Healing Environment for the Physical and Spiritual Self which Respects
Human Dignity
9. Minister: To Basic Physical, Emotional and Spiritual Human Needs
10. Open: to Mystery and Allow Miracles to Enter
Part 10: With the satisfaction of human needs, Watson demonstrated the hierarchy of needs. It
begins with lower-order biophysical needs or survival needs which include the need for food
and fluid, elimination, and ventilation. Next is the lower-order psychophysical needs or
functional needs which the need for activity, inactivity, and sexuality are among them.
Part 11: The higher-order psychosocial needs or integrative needs, include the need for
achievement and affiliation. And lastly, the desire for self-actualization is a higher-order
intrapersonal-interpersonal need or growth-seeking need.
Part 12: Watson began developing her theory while she was assistant dean of the undergraduate
program at the University of Colorado, and it evolved into planning and implementing its
nursing Ph.D. program.
Part 13: Describing her theory as descriptive, Watson acknowledges the theory’s evolving
nature and welcomes input from others. Although the theory does not lend itself easily to
research conducted through traditional scientific methods, recent qualitative nursing
approaches are appropriate.
Part 14: Watson’s theory continues to provide a useful and important metaphysical orientation
for the delivery of nursing care.
Part 15: Watson’s rich and varied knowledge of philosophy, the arts, the human sciences, and
traditional science and traditions, joined with her prolific ability to communicate, has enabled
professionals in many disciplines to share and recognize her work.

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SCRIPT: FAYE ABDELLAH

o Learn to know the patient.

Part 8: Abdellah created 11 nursing skills:

o observation of health status

o the teaching of patients and families

o planning and organization of work

o use of resource materials.

o use of personnel resources.

o the direction of work of others

o therapeutic uses of the self

SCRIPT: JEAN WATSON

Part 4: It focuses on the interpersonal and transpersonal relationship between nurses and

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