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Maize Stem Borer Chilo Partellus (Pyralidae Lepidoptera) : Host Plants: Maize, Sarkanda, Jawar Identification Adult

The document discusses several maize and sorghum pest insects including: 1) Maize Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and weakens maize stems, forming dead hearts. 2) Sorghum Shoot Fly Atherigona soccata whose larvae feed on sorghum shoots, also forming dead hearts. 3) Sorghum Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and damages sorghum and maize stems. 4) Gram Cutworm Agrotis flammatra which cuts down and damages young gram plants. 5) Gram Pod Borer Helicoverpa armigera which feeds on and damages gram pods

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Akbar Zaman
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676 views10 pages

Maize Stem Borer Chilo Partellus (Pyralidae Lepidoptera) : Host Plants: Maize, Sarkanda, Jawar Identification Adult

The document discusses several maize and sorghum pest insects including: 1) Maize Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and weakens maize stems, forming dead hearts. 2) Sorghum Shoot Fly Atherigona soccata whose larvae feed on sorghum shoots, also forming dead hearts. 3) Sorghum Stem Borer Chilo partellus which bores into and damages sorghum and maize stems. 4) Gram Cutworm Agrotis flammatra which cuts down and damages young gram plants. 5) Gram Pod Borer Helicoverpa armigera which feeds on and damages gram pods

Uploaded by

Akbar Zaman
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Maize Stem Borer Chilo partellus (Pyralidae; Lepidoptera)

Host plants: maize, sarkanda, jawar

Identification
Adult:
Adults are yellowish grey moths about 25 mm
across the wing when spread.
Eggs:
Flat, oval and yellowish. They are in clusters form
up to 20 eggs.
Larvae:
Larvae are dirty white with brown head having
many dark spots on the body.
Pupa:
yellowish brown in color.

ETL: 5%
Damage:
▪ Caterpillars eating inside the stem.
▪ Weakening of plant.
▪ Dead heart is formed.
Management
Cultural control:
▪ Destroying the stubbles, weeds and other host.
▪ Removal of dead hearts and crop residues.
▪ Clipping of lower leaves of maize (up to 4th)
Biological control:
Release Trichogramma chilonis 1 lac/ ha.
Chemical control:
Carbofuran(3%G) 8kg /acre
*Kwick(3%G) 5kg /acre
Fipronil(0.3%G) 8kg /acre
Phorate(5G) 5kg /acre
Note: Kwick= Phorate+Carbofuran
Sorghum Shoot Fly Atherigona soccata (Muscidae; Diptera)
Host plants: Sorghum, maize, Rice, millet etc.

Identification
Adult:
• Looks like a small house fly.
• Head and thorax of the female are pale grey.
• Abdomen is yellowish with paired brown patches.
• Male is more blackish.
Eggs:
White and elongate in shape
Larvae:
8 -10 mm long and has a white or yellowish colour.
3 instars
Pupa:
reddish brown in color and & about 0.5 mm in length.

ETL: 10% dead heart


Damage
▪ Grub feed on the growing point of the shoot of the
seedling. The result is a typical "dead heart".
▪ Also tillers may be attacked in severe infestation.
▪ Total loss in yield is as high as 60%
▪ Damaged leaf becomes thin and papery, wrapping
around the other leaves.

Management
Cultural control:
▪ Early sowing = Low incidence of attack
▪ Remove dead hearts
▪ Tall verities with yellow glossy stem
▪ Rotations with non-host crops
Biological control:
Green lace wing Crysoperla carnea
Chemical control:
*Polytrin-C(440EC) 150ml /acre
Lufenuron(50EC) 100ml /acre
Tebufenozide(200SC) 100ml /acre
Note: Polytrin-C= Profenofos+Cypermethrin
Sorghum Stem Borer Chilo partellus (Pyralidae; Lepidoptera)
Host plants: Jowar and maize, sugarcane

Identification
Adult:
▪ Moths have a wingspan of 20-30 mm
▪ Forewings pale brown, hind wings almost white in
colour
▪ Males are smaller and darker than females.
Eggs:
Scale-like, about 1.5 mm across, creamy-white and laid
in overlapping batches.
Larvae:
Body up to 25 mm long, creamy-white to yellowish-
brown with a prominent reddish-brown head
Pupa:
Light yellow-brown to dark red-brown
Damage
▪ Larvae initially feed on tender leaf whorls
▪ Later bore and feed into the stems causing “dead
hearts”
▪ Series of small holes in lines (pin holes) in
younger leaves
▪ and/or patches of transparent leaf epidermis
(window panes) in older leaves.
Management
Cultural control:
▪ Collection and destruction of stubbles
▪ Increase the seed rate to compensate the loss.
▪ Follow proper crop rotation (with non host crop).
▪ Use of light traps.
Biological control:
Egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis
Chemical control:
Carbofuran(3%G) 7kg /acre
Phorate(10G) 8kg /acre
Gram Cutworm Agrotis flammatra (Noctuidae; Lepidoptera)
Host plants: Gram, potato, cucurbit, wheat seedlings

Identification
Adult:
Heavy bodied, greyish brown or wheat
colour body.
Wavy lines on hind wings.
Eggs:
yellowish white
Larva:
Dark grey in colour
Pupa:
Dark grey

ETL: 10% at initial stage


Damage
▪ Caterpillar come out from their breeding site at
night and become active.
▪ Cutting down the young plant of gram.
▪ Damage just above or slightly below the surface
of soil.
Management
Cultural control:
▪ Hand hoeing.
▪ Clean cultivation.
▪ Use of light trap to kill moths, hand picking of
larvae.
Biological control:
Trichogramma chilonis is used as parasitoid.
Chemical control:
*Polytrin-C(440EC) 500ml /acre
Lambda-Cyhalothrin(2.5EC) 250ml /acre
Chlorpyrifos(20EC) 1000ml /acre
Note: Polytrin-C= Profenofos+Cypermethrin
Gram Pod Borer Helicoverpa armigera (Noctuidae; Lepidoptera)
Host plants: Gram, cabbage cotton and many others
Identification
Adult:
Yellowish brown to orange brown, black kidney
Shape mark on underside of fore Wings
Egg:
White, dome Shape , 1000-1500 Eggs/female
Larvae:
Freshly emerged yellowish white, coloration varies
with diet ranges from bluish green to brownish red.
Whitish or dark grey longitudinal strips along the
sides.
PUPA:
pupate in soil, dark brown.
Active period: March-Nov
ETL: 5 eggs/larvae per 25 plants
Damage
▪ Skeletonization of leaves – feeding chlorophyll only
leaving veins by young larvae, Defoliation
▪ Feeds flower and green pods & Foliage.
▪ In green pods – make circular holes and feed the grains
and make empty.
Management
Cultural control:
▪ Timely sowing
▪ Use of tolerant varieties
▪ Clean cultivation.
▪ Use of light trap to kill moths, hand picking of larvae.
Biological control:
Ichneumonid wasps (Biological control)
Chemical control:
Polytrin-C(440EC) 500ml /acre
Chlorantraniliprole(20%SC) 40ml /acre
Novaluran(10%EC) 300ml /acre

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