Mathematics 7

Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 13
Illustrating the Measures of
Variability (Range, Average Deviation,
Variance, Standard Deviation) of a
Statistical Data
Mathematics – Grade 7
Quarter 4 – Module 13: Illustrating the Measures of Variability (Range, Average
Deviation, Variance, Standard Deviation) of a Statistical Data
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use
these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors
do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Ma. Flor A. Pornela
Editor: Ma. Victoria L. Peñalosa
Reviewer: Ma. Cynthia P. Badana
Illustrator: Name
Layout Artist: Name
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta, EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS /ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larangan)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Mathematics 7
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 13
Illustrating the Measures of Variability
(Range, Average Deviation, Variance,
Standard Deviation) of a Statistical Data
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 7 Self–Learning Module on Illustrating the

Measures of Variability (Range, Average Deviation, Variance, Standard Deviation) of
a Statistical Data!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators both from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by
its Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the self-learning module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this self-
learning module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the self-learning module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 7 Self–Leaning Module on Illustrating the

Measures of Variability (Range, Average Deviation, Variance, Standard Deviation) of
a Statistical Data!

This self-learning module was designed to provide you with fun and
meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being
an active learner.

This self-learning module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION

1. Illustrate the measures of variability (range, average deviation, variance,

standard deviation) of a statistical data.

PRETEST

Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. Which of the following is the formula in finding the range deviation?

∑(x − 𝑥̅ )2 ∑(x − 𝑥̅ )2 ∑|𝑥−𝑥̅ |
A. H – L B. √ C. D.
𝑁 𝑁 𝑁

2. What do you call to the quotient of the sum of the squared deviations from the
mean divided by N-1?
A. range C. average deviation
B. variance D. standard deviation

3. If the range of a set of scores is 8 and the lowest score is 11, what is the highest
score?
A. 22 B. 19 C. 14 D. 10

4. What is a measure of variation that makes use of all the scores in a distribution.
A. variance C. standard deviation
B. range D. average deviation

5. What do you call to the square root of the variance?

A. variance C. standard deviation
B. range D. average deviation

RECAP
Direction: Answer the given problem below briefly.
In a singing contest, the scores awarded by eight judges were:
5.9 6.7 6.8 6.5 6.7 8.2 6.1 6.3
Using the eight scores, determine:
a. the mean
b. the median
c. the mode
 LESSON
The lesson on measures of variability will tell you how the values are scattered
or clustered about the typical value. Measures other than the mean may provide
additional information about the same data. These are the measures of dispersion or
measures of variation.

Measures of dispersion or variability refer to the spread of the values about the
mean. These are important quantities used by statisticians in evaluation. Smaller
dispersion of scores arising from the comparison often indicates more consistency
and more reliability.

The most commonly used measures of variability are the range, the average deviation
the standard deviation, and the variance.

The Range is the simplest measure of variability. It is the difference between the
largest value and the smallest value.
R=H–L

where R = Range, H = Highest value, L = Lowest value

Examples :
a. The range of the set of scores: 11, 13, 12, 15 is 15 – 11 = 4
b. The range of the set of scores: 46, 51, 51, 56 is 56 – 46 = 10
c. The range of the set of scores: 11, 101, 101, 191 is 191 – 11 = 180

There are other important terms that you need to know in measures of variability
like average deviation, variance and standard deviation. We will just describe each
terms to you and will discuss more of these on the next lesson.

The Average Deviation

Is a measure of variation that makes use of all the scores in a distribution.
This is more reliable than a range. To compute the average deviation, we use the
formula:
∑|𝑥−𝑥̅ |
A.D. =
𝑁

where: A.D. is the average deviation

x is the individual score
𝑥̅ is the mean
N is the number of scores.
|x-𝑥̅ | is the absolute value of the deviation from the mean.

The Variance
Is defined as the quotient of the sum of the squared deviations from the mean
divided by N-1 . The formula is
̅ )2
∑(x − 𝑥
∂2 =
𝑁
where: ∂2 is the variance
N is the total number of observations
x is the raw score; and
𝑥̅ is the mean of the data

The standard deviation

Is the average of how far the scores are from the mean. It is the square root of
the variance. The most reliable measure of variability. The formula is

∑(x − 𝑥̅ )2
SD = √ 𝑁

where: SD is the standard deviation

x is the individual score
𝑥̅ is the mean; and
N is the number of scores

These are various mathematical means for reaching “fair” decisions and there are
many real-world situations which utilize statistical analysis.

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Direction: Fill in the blanks to make each statement true.
1. The ______ is the difference between the largest and smallest value in the data.
2. The ______ is the square root of the variance.
3. The ______ is the sum of the squared deviations from the mean divided by N-1.
4. The ______ is more reliable than range.
5. The ______ refer to the spread of the values about the mean.

ACTIVITY 2: KEEP ON PRACTICING!

Direction: Find the range for each set of data.
1. Scores on quizzes: 10, 9, 6, 6, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9
2. Number of points per game: 16, 18, 10, 20, 15, 7, 16, 24
3. Number of VCR’s sold per week: 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 7, 6, 14, 18, 20
4. Science achievement test scores: 65, 77, 82, 85, 91, 95
5. The weights in kilogram of 10 students: 52, 55, 51, 55, 41, 45, 43, 48, 45, 49.

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Direction: Answer the following.

Who is Smarter?
The IQs of 5 members of 2 families X and Y are:
Family X: 100, 110, 123, 119, and 115
Family Y: 120, 110, 118, 120, and 110

1. Find the mean IQ of the two families.

2. Find the range of the IQ of both families.

WRAP-UP

Remember…

Measures of dispersion or variability refer to the spread of the values about the
mean.

The Range is the simplest measure of variability. It is the difference between the
largest value and the smallest value.
R=H–L
The Average Deviation
Is a measure of variation that makes use of all the scores in a distribution.
This is more reliable than a range. To compute the average deviation, we use the
formula:
∑|𝑥−𝑥̅ |
A.D. =
𝑁
The Variance
Is defined as the quotient of the sum of the squared deviations from the mean
divided by N – 1. The formula is:

∑(x − 𝑥̅ )2
∂2 =
𝑁−1
The standard deviation
Is the average of how far the scores are from the mean. It is the square root of
the variance. The most reliable measure of variability . The formula is:

∑(x − 𝑥̅ )2
SD = √
𝑁−1

VALUING
REFLECTION: (Journal Writing)

Tolerance is the ability to realize that everyone is at varying levels of character

development and that everyone is unique. Do you accept others in spite of personal
flaws? Are you prejudiced against those who are different from you like indigenous
people? Share your thoughts and insights in 3-5 sentences and write these in your
notebook.
 POSTTEST
Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. What is the most reliable measure of variability?

A. range C. average deviation
B. variance D. standard deviation

2. If the range of a set of scores is 14 and the lowest score is 7, what is the highest
score?
A. 21 B. 24 C. 14 D. 7

3. If the range of the set of scores is 14, and the highest score is 31, what is the
lowest score?
A. 25 B. 23 C. 17 D. 9

4. Which of the following is the formula in finding the average deviation?

∑(x − 𝑥̅ )2 ∑(x − 𝑥̅ )2 ∑|𝑥−𝑥̅ |
A. H – L B. √ C. D.
𝑁 𝑁 𝑁

5 . What is the simplest measure of variability?

A. variance C. standard deviation
B. range D. average deviation
 PRETEST
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. D
5. C
RECAP
a. 6.65
b.6.6
c. 6.7
ACTIVITY 1
1. Range
2. Standard deviation
3. Variance
4. Average deviation
5. Measures of variability
ACTIVITY 2
1. 3
2. 17
3. 14
4. 30
5. 14
ACTIVITY 3
1. Family X: 113.4
Family Y: 115.6
2. Family X: 23
Family Y: 10
POSTTEST
A.
1. D
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. B
KEY TO CORRECTION
 References
Oronce, Orlando, and Marilyn Mendoza. E-MATH 7. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.,
2015.

Nivera, Gladys. Grade 7 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities. Makati City:

Salesiana Books by Don Bosco Inc., 2014.

Mirabona, Isaac, and Sergio Custodio. Interactive Mathematics Grade 7. Manila:

Innovative Educational Materials Inc., 2013.

https://www.depednegor.net/uploads/8/3/5/2/8352879/math_teachers_gui
de_10.pdf. (accessed September 3, 2020).