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Introduction To Statistics Fall 2020: Teacher Name: Dr. Saqib Ur Rehman

This document provides an introduction to a statistics course taught by Dr. Saqib Ur Rehman. The course will cover descriptive statistics, probability distributions, and statistical inference using Minitab software. Students will learn to design surveys, analyze and graphically present univariate and bivariate data, calculate descriptive statistics, understand probability distributions like the normal distribution, and operate SPSS to analyze descriptive measures. The goal is to prepare students for further coursework in statistical inference and research methods.

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Ahsan Kamran
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49 views

Introduction To Statistics Fall 2020: Teacher Name: Dr. Saqib Ur Rehman

This document provides an introduction to a statistics course taught by Dr. Saqib Ur Rehman. The course will cover descriptive statistics, probability distributions, and statistical inference using Minitab software. Students will learn to design surveys, analyze and graphically present univariate and bivariate data, calculate descriptive statistics, understand probability distributions like the normal distribution, and operate SPSS to analyze descriptive measures. The goal is to prepare students for further coursework in statistical inference and research methods.

Uploaded by

Ahsan Kamran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS

Fall 2020
Teacher Name: Dr. Saqib Ur Rehman
[email protected]

Text book Introductory STATISTICS, 9TH EDITION


ISBN-13: 978-0-321-69122-4
ISBN-10: 0-321-69122-9
Neil A. Weiss
Addison-Wesley

Reference Book Introduction to STATISTICS 3rd Edition Walpole


Software: Minitab version 15 or above

Course Objectives
This is intended as an introductory course for data analysis, presentation, and probability. The aim is
to acquaint students with the basic methods of data handling, which are required for different kinds
of analysis as well as for the requisite knowledge of Advances Statistics and Business Research
Methods, in their academic terms. This course is the prerequisite of statistical inference therefore the
main objective is to prepare the students for Statistical Inference

Learning Outcomes
At the end of this course, you will be able to:
(i) Designing questionnaires and gathering the data using surveys
(ii) Screening the data using the graphical presentation for univariate and bivariate
(iii) Completely describe a data using appropriate descriptive statistics,
(iv) Calculate and interpret descriptive statistics and understand the 1limitations of each measure,
(v) Understand discrete probability distributions and normal distribution
(vi) Operate SPSS for descriptive measures and understand the outputs

Introduction
Definition of statistics, Types of statistics (descriptive and inferential statistics), data, sample, census,
sampling techniques, types of data, frequency distribution (univariate and bivariate), measure of
central tendency, measure of dispersion, skewness, kurtosis, introduction to set and probability
theory, events and laws of probability, independence, conditional probability, Bayes’ theorem, time
series analysis and linear regression and correlation, Practice of these topics using statistical software
package Minitab and Excel.
Topic wise details
(1) Nature of Statistics

What is statistics? Difference between descriptive and inferential statistics, significance and
applications of statistics, introduction to key terms, population, sample, sampling, census, sampling
methods, parameter and statistic

(2) Data and its classification

Data and its types, qualitative and quantitative data, discrete and continuous data, organization of
data, frequency distribution, class boundaries, cumulative, relative and percentage relative frequency
distributions, histogram, frequency curve, frequency polygon, ogives, stem and leaf graph, box
graph. Two way and three way classification. Diagrammatic presentation. Conducting a live survey
using any computer based tool.

(3) Measure of central tendency

Arithmetic mean and its properties, properties of ideal average, combined and weighted arithmetic
mean. median and mode. Empirical relation between mean, median, and mode. Quartiles, deciles,
and percentiles. Using SPSS for descriptive measures

(4) Measure of dispersion

Concept of dispersion, range, mean absolute deviation, variance & standard deviation, and quartile
deviation. Relative measure of dispersion, coefficient of variation. Using SPSS for descriptive
measures

(5) Skewness and Kurtosis

Skewness, Kurtosis symmetrical distribution and other shapes

(6) Descriptive methods in correlation and regression

Simple correlation, scatter plot, properties of correlation, coefficient of determination, probable error.
Concept of regression models, slope and intercept, simple linear regression of Y on X and X on Y.
Multiple correlation and regression. Multiple regression. Assumptions of multiple regression. Using
SPSS for correlation and regression.

(7) Probability theory

Set theory, combinatorial analysis, fundamental law of product, permutation, distinguishable


permutation, circular permutation, combination, sample space, events and its types, simple events,
composite events, sure events, mutually and non mutually exclusive events, independent and
dependent events, collective exhaustive events, definition of probability, additive law of probability,
conditional probability, bayes theorem.
(8) Random variables and probability distribution

Random variable, probability distribution, mean and variance of probability distribution, concept of
mathematical expectation. Discrete and continuous probability distribution. Concept of pdf and cdf
Bernoulli trials, binomial experiment, binomial probability distribution, Poisson distribution its mean
and variance, normal probability distribution, standard normal distribution, properties of normal
probability distribution, computation of area using normal probability table. Using SPSS for
computing these probabilities.

(9) Time series

Introduction to time series, graph of time series, various components of time series, Trend, Seasonal,
cyclical, and random variation, different methods of finding trend and seasonal variations. De-
personalization of data

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