Bullyng Definition Εργασία

BULLYING DEFINITION
Bullying is the use of force, threat, or coercion to abuse, intimidate or aggressively

dominate others. The behavior is often repeated and habitual. One essential
prerequisite is the perception, by the bully or by others, of social or physical power,
which distinguishes bullying from conflict. When most people think of bullying, they
imagine boys punching, kicking, and hitting one another. But physical bullying is just
one type of bullying that kids participate in. There are actually seven primary types of
bullying. Here is an overview of the most common types of bullying found in society.
1. Physical Bullying
Physical bullying is the most obvious form of bullying. It occurs when kids use
physical actions to overpower and control their targets. Physical bullies tend to be
bigger, stronger, and more aggressive than their victims. Examples of physical
bullying include kicking, hitting, punching, slapping, shoving, and other physical
attacks. Unlike other forms of bullying, physical bullying is the easiest to identify. As
a result, it is most likely what people think of bullying. Additionally, it has
historically received more attention from schools than other more subtle forms of
bullying.
2. Social bullying
Social bullying, sometimes referred to as covert bullying, is often harder to recognize
and can be carried out behind the bullied person's back. It is designed to harm
someone's social reputation and/or cause humiliation. Social bullying includes:
 lying and spreading rumors
 negative facial or physical gestures, menacing or contemptuous looks
 playing nasty jokes to embarrass and humiliate
 mimicking unkindly
 encouraging others to socially exclude someone
 Damaging someone's social reputation or social acceptance.
3. Verbal Bullying
Perpetrators of verbal bullying use words, statements, and name-calling to gain power
and control over a target. Typically, verbal bullies will use relentless insults to belittle,
demean, and hurt another person. They choose their targets based on the way they
look, act, or behave. It’s also common for verbal bullies to target kids with special
needs. Verbal bullying is often very difficult to identify because attacks almost always
occur when adults aren’t around. As a result, it is often one person’s word against
another person’s word. Additionally, many adults feel that things kids say don’t
impact others significantly. As a result, they usually tell the victim of bullying to
“ignore it.” But research has shown that verbal bullying and name-calling has serious
consequences and can leave deep emotional scars.
4. Relational Aggression- Emotional bullying
Relational aggression is a sneaky and insidious type of bullying that often goes
unnoticed by parents and teachers. Sometimes referred to as emotional bullying,
relational aggression is a type of social manipulation where tweens and teens try to
hurt their peers or sabotage their social standing. Relational bullies
often ostracize others from a group, spread rumors, manipulate situations, and break
confidences. The goal behind a relationally aggressive bully is to increase their own
social standing by controlling or bullying another person. In general, girls tend to use
relational aggression more than boys, especially between fifth and eighth grade. As a
result, girls who engage in relational aggression are often called mean girls or
frenemies. A teen or tween on the receiving end of relational aggression is likely to be
teased, insulted, ignored, excluded and intimidated. Although relational aggression is
common in middle school, it is not limited to tweens. In fact, some bullying
bosses and other workplace bullies also engage in relational aggression.
5. Prejudicial Bullying
Prejudicial bullying is based on prejudices tweens and teens have toward people of
different races, religions, or sexual orientation. This type of bullying can encompass
all the other types of bullying including cyberbullying, verbal bullying, relational
bullying, physical bullying, and sometimes even sexual bullying.
When prejudicial bullying occurs, kids are targeting others who are different from
them and singling them out. Oftentimes, this type of bullying is severe and can open
the door to hate crimes. Any time a child is bullied for his sexual orientation, race, or
religion, it should be reported.
6. Sexual Bullying
Sexual bullying consists of repeated, harmful, and humiliating actions that target a
person sexually. Examples include sexual name-calling, crude comments, vulgar
gestures, uninvited touching, sexual propositioning, and pornographic materials. For
instance, a bully might make a crude comment about a girl’s appearance,
attractiveness, sexual development, or sexual activity. In extreme cases, sexual
bullying opens the door to sexual assault.
Girls are often the targets of sexual bullying both by boys and by other girls. Boys
might touch them inappropriately, make crude comments about their bodies, or
proposition them. Girls, on the other hand, might call other girls names like “slut” or
“tramp," make insulting comments about their appearance or body, and engage
in slut-shaming.
Sexting also can lead to sexual bullying. For instance, a girl may send a photo of
herself to a boyfriend. When they break up, he shares that photo with the entire
school. In the end, she becomes the target of sexual bullying because people make fun
of her body, call her crude names, and make vulgar comments about her. Some boys
may even see this as an open invitation to proposition her or sexually assault her.
7. Cyber Bullying
Of all the forms of bullying, the online variety attracts the most attention these days.
Online platforms offer bullies ever more creative ways to persecute victims outside
school hours. Cyber-bullying varies from private threats to cruel public comments to
spreading sexually explicit material. Bullies might invite their target to a chat room or
group conversation created for the sole purpose of hurling abuse at him or her.
Year by year, bullying has end to be a serious social problem in many aspects of life.
Every day thousands of teens wake up afraid to go to school. Bullying is a problem
that affects not only millions of students but also thousands of workers feeling
isolated, manipulated and finally depressed inside their working environment. And
it has everyone worried, not just the kids on its receiving end. Yet because parents,
teachers, and other adults don't always see it, they may not understand how extreme
bullying can get. Still the “numbers” speak the only truth. More than one out of every
five (20.8%) students report being bullied. Students that are bullied are around 2 to 9
times more likely to consider suicide than non-victims. A study in Britain found that
at least half of suicides among young people are related to bullying and 10 to 14 year
old teen girls are most likely to commit suicide. Act before it’s too late! Because….
“You‘re either part of the solution or you‘re part of the problem “[Eldrige Cleaver –
Political Activist]

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BULLYING DEFINITION

Bullying is the use of force, threat, or coercion to abuse, intimidate or aggressively

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