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Linguistics and Its Sub Fields

Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It has two main subfields: micro-linguistics and macro-linguistics. Micro-linguistics analyzes language structures abstractly without meaning, covering phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. Macro-linguistics is concerned with how languages develop and are used, incorporating psychology, sociology, neurology, and other disciplines. It includes psycho-linguistics, socio-linguistics, anthropological linguistics, computational linguistics, applied linguistics, neuro-linguistics, and discourse linguistics.

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466 views2 pages

Linguistics and Its Sub Fields

Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It has two main subfields: micro-linguistics and macro-linguistics. Micro-linguistics analyzes language structures abstractly without meaning, covering phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. Macro-linguistics is concerned with how languages develop and are used, incorporating psychology, sociology, neurology, and other disciplines. It includes psycho-linguistics, socio-linguistics, anthropological linguistics, computational linguistics, applied linguistics, neuro-linguistics, and discourse linguistics.

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GHULAM FATIMA
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Linguistics and its sub fields

Linguistics
Linguistics is defined as the scientific study of human language and its focus is the systematic
investigation of the properties of particular languages as well as the characteristics of language in
general. It encompasses not only the study of sound, grammar and meaning, but also the history
of language families, how languages are acquired by children and adults, and how language use
is processed in the mind and how it is connected to race and gender. 

Fields of Linguistics

Linguistics is the scientific analysis of language. Language is concerned with human life,
behavior, society, and so forth. Hence, we have had a number of sub-fields of linguistics called
branches of linguistics. Let us have crucial ideas of the major departments of linguistics as noted
below.

Micro-linguistics:--

Micro-linguistics is a sector of in linguistics that interest itself with the analysis of language
systems in the abstract, without concern to the meaning or notional quantity of linguistic
expressions.

Microlinguistics covers the crucial elements of a language. This is also cited as theoretical
linguistics. Theoretical linguistics coats the study of the structural aspects of language under the
broad level of grammar. Grammar is divided into few structures.

Additional name is levels of linguistics.

•Phonetics:--classification of speech sounds.

•Phonology:--Phonemes and how soundclassificationed and used in natural languages.


•Morphology:--Word formation and particularly form, shape, or structure.

•Syntax:--Sentence structure and the configuration of words and phrases to build well-formed
sentences in a language.

•Semantics:--Textual meaning and the meaning of a word, phrase, or text.


•Pragmatics:--Contextual meaning and used in dialogue, text organization, presupposition, and
implicature.

Macro-linguistics:--

Macro-linguistics concerned with the way languages are developed, stocked in the brain, and
used for various purposes; interdependence of language and culture; physiological and
psychological mechanisms affected in language behavior. Actually, macro-linguistics is not only
a field concerned with language but also disciplines such as psychology, sociology, neurology,
computational, and applied are also deflected with language.

Below branches of macro-linguistics:--

•Psycho-linguistics--mind and connections between linguistic behavior and psychological


procedures, encompassing the method of language acquisition.

•Socio-linguistics:--society and relation to social aspects, including distinctions of provincial,


class, and occupational dialect, gender distinctions, and bilingualism.

•Anthropological-linguistics:--Human history.

•Computational-linguistics:--Computer and language inspection that gives rise to the use of


electronic digital computers.

•Applied-linguistics: ---Education such as language teaching, translation, and speech therapy.

•Neuro-linguistics:--Brain and functioning of the brain.

•Discourse-linguistics:--how a sentence is spoken and written.

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