SHS

Philippine Politics and

Governance
Quarter 1: Week 6 - Module 6

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Philippine Politics and Governance
Grade 12 Quarter 1: Week 6 - Module 6
First Edition, 2020

Copyright © 2020
La Union Schools Division
Region I

All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without
written permission from the copyright owners.

Development Team of the Module

Author: Mario V. Mariano Jr, T-III

Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team

Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., P II

Management Team:

Atty. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.

Schools Division Superintendent

Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D.

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

German E. Flora, Ph.D., CID Chief

Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D., EPS in Charge of LRMS

Mario B. Paneda, Ed.D., EPS in Charge of Araling Panlipunan

Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II

Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II

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Philippine Politics and
Governance
Quarter 1: Week 6 - Module 6

iii
 Target

World Trade Organization, United Nation, World Health Organization and

World Bank are just among the international organizations that binds almost all
States in the world. Have you heard of them? What do you think are their functions?
How important is their role in our society? How does it affect one State? Well,
international organizations were organized because of the interdependence of States
nowadays. Like also human, no man is an island. The growing interdependence of the
world’s economy and cross-border trades brought us both advantages and
disadvantages; the pros and cons of globalization.

In your previous learning material, you have learned the difference of nation
and state; government and administration which usually interchangeably used by
some. You look into the elements of states and how each state acquires territory and
how it was created. It was discussed also in your previous topic that belongingness
and oneness to have homogenous community are the requirements to become a
nation. Combining the concept of nation and State, comes the term nation-state where
a state is inhabited by people who identify themselves as nation on account of
commonalities.

Now, for you to better understand the concept of how States interact with other
states that leads to global cultural, political and economic integration, we are going to
tackle globalization. You may wonder what could be the importance of states as a
political entity and as an actor in the global order, given the increasing
interconnectedness of the world at present. You will learn in this module the
relationship of states with globalization; how other states affect other states.

For you to have a better grasp on the ideas and concepts in this learning
material, you have to perform and answer the activities given.

After studying this module, you are expected to:

 analyze the relationship among nations and states in the context of

globalization

SUBTASK

 define and explain the different forms of globalization;

 discuss how globalization influences nation-states;
 develop a master piece that shows how globalization affects nation-
states.

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 Jumpstart

Are you now set to perform the activity, answer the questions, and read the
texts? If so, then you may now answer the questions included herein. Use another
sheet of paper for your answer.

ACTIVITY 1: WHAT DO I THINK? The following are some quotes from different high
ranking officials around the word. Read and analyze them then answer the questions
below.

Globalization is a fact, because of Where globalization means, as it often

technology, because of an integrated does, that the rich and powerful now
global supply chain, because of changes have new means to further enrich and
in transportation. And we’re not going to empower themselves at the cost of the
build a wall around that. weaker, we have a responsibility to
protest in the name of universal
- Barack Obama freedom.
(Speech at the “Together We Thrive: Tucson America’
Memorial, delivered January 12, 2011, McKale - Nelson Mandela
Memorial Center, University of Arizona, Tucson)
(“Biography/Personal Quotes” from www.
Imdb.com)

Globalization has made us more The role of globalization is to

vulnerable. It creates a world without homogenized cultures, and to turn them
borders, and makes us painfully aware into commodified markets, and
of the limitations of our present therefore, to make them easier for global
instruments, and of politics, to meet its corporations to control. Global
challenges. corporations are even now trying to
commodify all remaining aspects of
- Anna Lindh national cultures, not to mention
(Anna Lindh. (n.d.). AZQuotes.com. Retrieved September indigenous cultures.
29, 2020, from AZQuotes.com Web site:
https://www.azquotes.com/quote/771445)
- Jerry Mander
(excerpt from: The Perils of Globalization: An
Interview with Jerry Mander
By Scott London)

Process Questions: (all your answers shall be based from the quotations above)
1. From the quotations above, what are the 2 sides of globalization? Cite the
phrase that makes you think that way.

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 2. Based form the quotation above, what do you think globalization is? What
makes it a fact?

3. What are the effects of globalization? What can it do to rich states (developed
countries)? How about to poor State (developing countries)?

4. What aspects in our life where globalization affects?

5. How can States counteract the negative effects of globalization?

From your point of view, make an accrostic of the word GLOBALIZATION. The words should
be related to it as you deduced from the quoatation above.
G From that words, on your own word
define globalization. (It is not important if you
L
define it correctly; the point is atleast you have
O
an idea what globalization is.)
B

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ACTIVITY 2: SITUATION ANALYSIS. Identify what was affected in the following
situations. Analyze the problem critically. Determine if it is a positive effect or a
negative effect. Write your answer in the box provided for.

AFFECTED POSITIVE/
SITUATION
PART NEGATIVE
1. Hannah wants to eat Korean food rather than
Filipino dishes because she is a fan of Pink
Girls. That prompt Korean restaurant bloomed
in the Philippines.
2. Girls nowadays adopt the westernized point of
view of being a woman. They are liberalized.
3. Jun’s perspective of same-sex marriage was
changed due to the widespread acceptance of it.
4. Farmer’s rice price drops to 11 pesos per kilo as
a result of export coming from other countries.
5. Banana Plantation in Mindanao earns 200%
from last year’s profit due to exports made by
European countries.
6. BPO industries give at least 2M jobs to
Filipinos.
7. Other parts of automobile being assembled in
the US come from Japan.
8. European legislature urged the Philippine
government to drop charges against De Lima or
else they will cut subsidies coming from their
country.
9. Nurses from the Philippines are now in demand
abroad.
10.United Nation – Commission on Human Rights
urged the Philippines to respect human life.

Guide Questions:

1. From your activity, what are the forms of globalization?

2. Do globalization gives us more harm than good? Explain your answer.

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 RUBRIC FOR SCORING in Activity 1 & 2

POINTS REQUIREMENTS
Provides an insightful and detailed/opinion that includes or extends
5
ideas for the text
Provides some explanation/opinion that includes ideas from the text
4
for support.
Uses text incorrectly or with limited success and includes an
3
inconsistent or confusing explanation.
Demonstrate minimal understanding of the task and provide an
2
unclear reference or no use of the text for support.
1 Response is completely irrelevant or off-topic.

Discover
CONCEPT OF GLOBALIZATION

What is a globalization?

Heywood (2013) defined globalization as the process through which societies

have become so intertwined or interconnected that events and decisions in one part
of the world have significant effects on the lives of people in the other part of the
world. It implies opening of local and nationalistic perspective to a broader outlook of
interconnected and interdependent world. This globalization integrates States by
interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture.

Globalization in the Philippines

Here in the Philippines, the domestic and political policies change because of
events happening in international arena. For example, the shift of TESDA training to
BPO related skills to cater the demand of outsourcing companies. Also, the shift of 10
years curriculum in Basic education Curriculum to K to 12 program is an outset of
global requirement. Many countries prefer those having 12 years basic education
program than 10 years program which prompt the Philippine government to shift
and follow other States program. For individual aspect, many high school graduates
enroll themselves to health courses program such as nursing because of its demand
abroad. What other instances you may think where globalization affects the
Philippines?

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Features of Globalization

Do globalization needs to happen? Globalization conjoined with the fast

improvement of technologies. The improvement of communication, transportation
and trade strategies fast track the process of interconnectedness of countries.

How and why does this happen? What are the characteristics of globalization
as a phenomenon? Heywood (2013) enumerates its features. These are:

1. Declining relevance of geographical distance;

The use of internet connectivity virtually shortens the distance

between and among the people of different states. Even millions of
kilometers apart because of ICT development the geographical distance
between states was virtually shifted.

2. Lessening significance of territorial boundaries.

The development in air, water and land transportation delimits

the movement of people between states. The can now move to and from
one state to another.

3. Deepening and broadening of political processes, such that the local,

national, and global events constantly interact.

State personalities can now exchange ideas in real time, talk

diplomatically for the improvement of both State. The bilateral or even
multi-lateral relation among them can be strengthen or weaken
depending on the aspects of the relationship.

Forms of Globalization

Globalization resulted in a growing interdependence among actors, activities,

and processes all over the world. Several forms of globalization can be identified, of
which Heywood (2013) listed three—economic, cultural, and political. The following
are the forms and examples of globalization:

1. Economic Globalization - All economies have been integrated in a global

economy. There is an increasing interdependence of world economies as a
result of the growing scale of cross-border trade of commodities and
services, flow of international capital and wide and rapid spread of
technologies.

Example: Internationalized production and global supply chains now

standardized for manufacturer of many device, it ranging from cars to
smartphones. Take a look of what is happening to Huawei; its parts

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 came from manufacturers in the Western countries which were affected by
political clash between China and US.

2. Cultural Globalization. A phenomenon by which the experience of everyday

life, as influenced by the diffusion of commodities and ideas, reflects a
standardization of cultural expression around the world. Information,
commodities, and images from one part of the world make cultural
differences between nations and individuals less significant.

Example: McDonaldization or what George Ritzer (1993) called as

rationalization that Max Weber found in bureaucracies extended to fast-
food chains. This then leads to standardization of processes such as
production. Also, Global brands penetrating the local scene. Uniqlo and
other brands abroad are now here in the Philippines; we are now integrating
the shoe and fashion culture of other countries.

3. Political Globalization. The growth of worldwide political system, the

importance of international organizations, transnational organizations, and
nongovernmental organizations is being recognized.

Example: The creation of World Trade Organization which tackles trade

industries among member states. Also, the Influence on domestic issues of
organizations such as the United Nations, World Trade Organization, World
Bank, Asian Development Bank, International Red Cross, and World Wide
Fund for Nature.

Effects of Globalization as to Economy

The developed States enjoys the advantage in the balance of opportunities and
threats. In contrast, the underdeveloped and developing countries remain dependent
on developed countries. They are mired in poverty and remain in competition with
other poor states in the export of agricultural produce and minerals.

There other effect of globalization in other aspects but it is your assignment to

search those ones. We focus on economic aspect because it controls all the effects of
globalization in every States.

Effects of Globalization in Developed States

To gain upper hand in economic competitiveness, developed states adopted

new policies. Some developed countries privatized their publicly owned companies
and pruned down their budget deficits to manageable levels, reduced their taxes, and
abolish shoddy stock market because of international competition and monopolies.

Developed countries are the markets of Multi-national corporations which in

turn MNCs are required to purchase or ask them to buy domestics products from

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domestic suppliers. Because of many industries in developed countries, they are
unlikely be controlled by other states in terms of economy. They cannot be forced by
external economic forces, besides they are the ones controlling economic forces.
However, along with this is the depletion of natural resources and destruction of the
environment is much likely.

Effects of Globalization in Developing Countries

The impact of globalization in developing countries in terms in economy is far

greater than in developed countries. Developing countries only rely on single or less
export product. They are not diversified. Middle East for example, their product is
mainly oil. Without oil revenue their economy will falter. The Philippines also fo r
example rely on labor exports and some agricultural products, once that developed
countries close its doors then the economy will falter too. Some developed countries
used this scenario to demand political agenda from other states.

Explore

ENRICHMENT 1: List down at least 2 positive and 2 negative effects of

globalization by completing the table below.

GLOBALIZATION

POINT OF
POSITIVE EFFECTS NEGATIVE EFFECTS
REFERENCE

CULTURE

POLITICS

ECONOMY

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Guide Questions:

1. Do the effects of globalization in all countries the same? Why and Why
not?

2. How globalization affects nation-states in terms of its sovereignty?

3. Discuss how the domino effect of recession takes place because of

globalization.

ENRICHMENT 2: MY QUOTABLE QUOTES. If you are given the chance to deliver a

speech in a UN assembly or any gatherings and talk about globalization and you will
be quoted, what will it be? Examples are like the one in your first activity. Present it
in an artistic way. 3 to 5 sentences

RUBRIC FOR SCORING

POINTS REQUIREMENTS
Provides an insightful and detailed/opinion that includes or extends
5
ideas for the text
Provides some explanation/opinion that includes ideas from the text
4
for support.
Uses text incorrectly or with limited success and includes an
3
inconsistent or confusing explanation.
Demonstrate minimal understanding of the task and provide an
2
unclear reference or no use of the text for support.
1 Response is completely irrelevant or off-topic.

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ENRICHMENT 3: FOLLOW THROUGH. By way of concept mapping, present the
definition, features and forms of globalization in one concept map. Use the figure
below. You may add and draw figures to map out the concept of globalization.

Area of
5 Points 4 Points 3 Points 2 Points
Assessment
Present ideas Present ideas Present ideas
in in less below average Present ideas
IDEAS comprehensive comprehensive comprehension vaguely and
and logical and logical and logical poorly
manner manner manner
Original Some of the Most of the All of the
ORIGINALITY concept and details were details were details were
not copied. copied. copied. copied.
Less 50%
NEATNESS and 100% neat 75% neat and 50% neat and
neatness &
COMPLETENESS and complete complete complete
completeness

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 Deepen

At this point, you are required to demonstrate the skills you acquired from the
lesson and activities given. Your output from this activity will show the extent to
which you can apply what you have learned from the lesson.

ACTIVITY 1: POSITION PAPER. Below is the conclusion of Rommel Banlaoi in his journal
GLOBALIZATION AND NATION-BUILDING IN THE PHILIPPINES: State
Predicaments in Managing Society in the Midst of Diversity. Make a position paper
regarding this conclusion.

The Philippine state is in the predicament of having to face globalization while at the
same time undergoing the painful process of nation-building in a highly diverse society. The
weakness of the Philippine state in facing these challenges is causing the pervasive poverty that
result in ethnic, socioeconomic and religious tension. To overcome these challenges, there is a
need to strengthen the Philippine state and its institutions of governance through bureaucratic,
electoral, party, and socioeconomic reforms.

ACTIVITY 2: Creating a POSTER. In a short bond paper, make a poster that

illustrates how globalization affects nation-state. At the back of your bond paper,
explain your poster in not more than 5 sentences.

Rubrics for Scoring for Both Activity 1 And 2

Area of
5 Points 4 Points 3 Points 2 Points
Assessment

Present ideas Present ideas Present ideas

in in less below average Present ideas
IDEAS comprehensive comprehensive comprehension vaguely and
and logical and logical and logical poorly
manner manner manner

Original Some of the Most of the All of the

ORIGINALITY concept and details were details were details were
not copied. copied. copied. copied.
Less 50%
NEATNESS and 100% neat 75% neat and 50% neat and
neatness &
COMPLETENESS and complete complete complete
completeness

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ACTIVITY 3: EXIT SLIP. WHAT I HAVE LEARNED. Fill in the blanks
inside the table honestly. There are phrases written as your guide. Your answer
will reflect the level of your understanding and appreciation of the lesson.

The three new things I learned are:

1.
.
3 2.
.
3.
.
The two things I don’t agree are: because
1.
2 .
2.
.
One thing that I want to ask is:
1
.

Gauge

Directions: Read carefully each item. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answers.
Write only the letter of the best answer for each test item.

I. Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer among the choices. Write your answer before
the number.

1. Which of the following involves globalization?

A. A stretching of social, political, and economic activities across political
frontier.
B. A growing magnitude of interconnectedness in almost every sphere of social
existence.
C. An accelerating pace of global interactions and processes associated with a
deepening enmeshment of local and the global.
D. All of the above
2. Which of the following is NOT an example of globalization?
A. Internet
B. Selling local products in the local markets
C. Attending lectures by a Filipino in an American School
D. Selling of local products in an international market

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3. Which of the following is an example of negative effects of globalization?
A. deforestation
B. Loss of income
C. Strong bond with other culture
D. Loss of local culture
4. Which of the following describes the importance of international organizations,
transnational organizations, and nongovernmental organizations is being
recognized?
A. Cultural globalization
B. Economic globalization
C. Globalization
D. Political globalization
5. McDonaldization or what George Ritzer (1993) called as rationalization that Max
Weber found in bureaucracies extended to fast-food chains. This example is an
example of what form of globalization?
A. Cultural globalization
B. Economic globalization
C. Globalization
D. Political globalization
6. Which of the following is NOT features of globalization?
A. increase in wealth
B. declining relevance of geographical distance
C. lessening significance of territorial boundaries
D. deepening and broadening of political processes, such that the local,
national, and global events constantly interact
7. What describes the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of
the growing scale of cross-border trade of commodities and services, flow of
international capital and wide and rapid spread of technologies?
A. Cultural globalization
B. Economic globalization
C. Globalization
D. Political globalization
8. The shift of 10 years curriculum in Basic education Curriculum to K to 12 program
is an outset of global requirement is an illustration of what form of globalization?
A. Cultural globalization
B. Economic globalization
C. Globalization
D. Political globalization

Answer the following 4 questions either by TRUE or FALSE.

9. Whereas the strategy has traditionally concentrated on positioning a company in

existing industry space, under globalization the new approach often involves a
company creating new industry space.

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10. The loss of sovereignty for nation state is often associated with globalization by
political scientist.
11. Globalization is a multi-dimensional process, reshaping the context of security,
health control and other governmental policies just as much as their economic
policy.
12. What is the effect of globalization in developing countries?

13. What should be done by a States to minimize the intrusion of other states to its
internal affairs through globalization?

14. Cite one example how globalization manifested in our country?

15. How culture of nation-state is affected by globalization?

RUBRIC FOR SCORING

POINTS REQUIREMENTS
Provides an insightful and detailed/opinion that includes or extends
5
ideas for the text
Provides some explanation/opinion that includes ideas from the text
4
for support.
Uses text incorrectly or with limited success and includes an
3
inconsistent or confusing explanation.
Demonstrate minimal understanding of the task and provide an
2
unclear reference or no use of the text for support.
1 Response is completely irrelevant or off-topic.

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References
Printed:

Ramos, Renan E. (2017) Philippine Politics and Governance, Quezon Ave., Quezon
City, Philippines: Vibal Publishing House

Villanueva, Prince Aian G. (2017) DIWA Senior High School Series: Philippine
Politics and Governance, Makati City, Philippines: DIWA Learning System Inc.

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