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Gravimetric Analysis

Gravimetric analysis is a method to determine the quantity of an analyte based on measuring the mass of a solid. It involves preparing a solution with a known weight of the sample, separating the desired constituent, weighing the isolated constituent, and computing the amount of the constituent in the sample from the measured weight. There are four main types: volatilization gravimetry separates components by heating; precipitation gravimetry uses precipitation reactions; electrogravimetry separates and quantifies ions; and thermogravimetric analyzes changes in properties with increasing temperature. Gravimetric analysis can precisely analyze a single element but only analyses one element at a time.

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2K views4 pages

Gravimetric Analysis

Gravimetric analysis is a method to determine the quantity of an analyte based on measuring the mass of a solid. It involves preparing a solution with a known weight of the sample, separating the desired constituent, weighing the isolated constituent, and computing the amount of the constituent in the sample from the measured weight. There are four main types: volatilization gravimetry separates components by heating; precipitation gravimetry uses precipitation reactions; electrogravimetry separates and quantifies ions; and thermogravimetric analyzes changes in properties with increasing temperature. Gravimetric analysis can precisely analyze a single element but only analyses one element at a time.

Uploaded by

Carlton Grant
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Gravimetric Analysis

What is Gravimetric Analysis?


Gravimetric analysis is a method in analytical chemistry to determine the quantity of analyte
based on the mass of a solid. Example: Measuring the solids suspended in the water sample –
Once a known volume of water is filtered, the collected solids are weighed.

The principle of Gravimetric Analysis:


The principle behind the gravimetric analysis is that the mass of an ion in a pure compound and
can be determined. Later, used to find the mass percent of the same ion in a known quantity of an
impure compound.

Steps followed in the Gravimetric Analysis


1. Preparation of a solution containing a known weight of the sample.
2. Separation of the desired constituent.
3. Weighing the isolated constituent.
4. Computation of the amount of the particular constituent in the sample from the observed
weight of the isolated substance.
Types of Gravimetric Analysis
There are 4 fundamental types of gravimetric analysis. Of which, there are 2 common types
involving changes in the phase of the analyte to separate it from the rest of a mixture, resulting in a
change in mass.

Volatilization gravimetry

 Volatilization Gravimetry involves separating components of our mixture by heating or


chemically decomposing the sample.

Precipitation gravimetry

 Precipitation Gravimetry uses a precipitation reaction to separate one or more parts of a


solution by incorporating it into a solid.

Electrogravimetry

 Electrogravimetry is a method used to separate and quantify ions of a substance, usually a


metal.

Thermogravimetric

 Thermogravimetric is a method of thermal analysis in which changes in physical and


chemical properties of materials are measured as a function of increasing temperature or as
a function of time.

Advantages of Gravimetric Analysis


If the methods are followed carefully, it provides exceedingly precise analysis. It is used to determine
the atomic masses of many elements to six-figure accuracy. It provides a little room for instrumental
error and does not require a series of standards for calculation of an unknown.

Disadvantages of Gravimetric Analysis


It usually provides only for the analysis of a single element, or a limited group of elements, at a time.
Comparing modern dynamic flash combustion coupled with gas chromatography with traditional
combustion analysis.
Example:

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