This document is a report proposal on 5G cellular technology submitted to the Government College University Lahore, Electrical Engineering Department. It provides an overview of 5G technology, how it works, and when it will be available. 5G is expected to offer data speeds up to 20 Gbps, lower latency, and expanded connectivity. Early 5G non-standalone networks using existing 4G infrastructure are already available in some areas, with full 5G standalone networks expected between 2020 and 2022. The widespread adoption of 5G will generate trillions in economic growth globally but also faces challenges related to frequency bands, deployment costs, regulations, and security.
This document is a report proposal on 5G cellular technology submitted to the Government College University Lahore, Electrical Engineering Department. It provides an overview of 5G technology, how it works, and when it will be available. 5G is expected to offer data speeds up to 20 Gbps, lower latency, and expanded connectivity. Early 5G non-standalone networks using existing 4G infrastructure are already available in some areas, with full 5G standalone networks expected between 2020 and 2022. The widespread adoption of 5G will generate trillions in economic growth globally but also faces challenges related to frequency bands, deployment costs, regulations, and security.
This document is a report proposal on 5G cellular technology submitted to the Government College University Lahore, Electrical Engineering Department. It provides an overview of 5G technology, how it works, and when it will be available. 5G is expected to offer data speeds up to 20 Gbps, lower latency, and expanded connectivity. Early 5G non-standalone networks using existing 4G infrastructure are already available in some areas, with full 5G standalone networks expected between 2020 and 2022. The widespread adoption of 5G will generate trillions in economic growth globally but also faces challenges related to frequency bands, deployment costs, regulations, and security.
This document is a report proposal on 5G cellular technology submitted to the Government College University Lahore, Electrical Engineering Department. It provides an overview of 5G technology, how it works, and when it will be available. 5G is expected to offer data speeds up to 20 Gbps, lower latency, and expanded connectivity. Early 5G non-standalone networks using existing 4G infrastructure are already available in some areas, with full 5G standalone networks expected between 2020 and 2022. The widespread adoption of 5G will generate trillions in economic growth globally but also faces challenges related to frequency bands, deployment costs, regulations, and security.
Report proposal submitted to the Government College University Lahore, Electrical
Engineering Department in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course of Mobile and Wireless Communication.
Department of Electrical Engineering
Government College University
1 CONTENTS Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………3 1.0 Literature Review…………………………………………………………………………………………4 1.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………….....4 1.2 What Exactly is 5G Technology………………………………………………………………4 1.3 How Does 5G Technology Work…………………………………………………………….4 2.0 When 5G will be available and how will it Expand……………………………………….5 2.1 Big Promises Collide with Bigger Challenges………………………………………….5 2.2 The Impact of 5G on Global Economy……….……………………………………….….6 References…………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..7
2 Executive Summary 5G wireless technology is meant to transfer data at higher multi-Gbps peak data speeds, ultra-low latency, with more reliability, massive capacity of network, increased availability, and a more uniform user experience to more users. Higher performance and improved efficiency enhance new user experiences and connects new industries. 5G also comes with complexity and some other challenges. Although it will save Billions of dollars in coming future but the cost and time which is require to make this technology available for public is not that easy. Then we have to face other security challenges linked with the new 5G technology too.
3 1.0 Literature Review 1.1 Introduction 5G networks can be built in many different ways from multiple bands of wavelength spectrum: low-band, mid-band, and high-band.
High-band millimetre wave frequencies have more bandwidth available to carry more data in dense urban areas but require cell sites to be in close proximity and have limited penetration in buildings. Mid-band balances speed and range, providing more broader coverage than high-band. And it’s also less impacted by buildings. Low-band, like our powerful 600MHz spectrum, travels farther than other bands—over hundreds of square miles—and can pass through more obstacles, providing better coverage and a stronger signal both indoors and outdoors.
1.2 What Exactly is 5G Technology
5G technology speed has been theoretically measured as peak speed of 20 Gbps, while the peak speed of 4G is only 1 Gbps as we are using it currently. 5G also promises very lower latency, which can improve the performance of business applications as well as some other digital experiences such as online gaming, video conferencing, and self-driving cars. The 5G network will also simplify mobility, with open roaming capabilities between cellular and Wi-Fi access. Mobile users can stay connected as they move between outdoor wireless connections and wireless networks inside buildings without user intervention or the need for users to reauthenticate their access again and again.
5G technology should also improve connectivity in underserved rural areas and in cities where demand can outstrip today's capacity with 4G technology as this is not a dream anymore and 5G is a reality. New 5G networks will also have a dense, distributed-access architecture and move data processing closer to the edge and the users to enable faster data processing.
1.3 How Does 5G Technology Work
5G technology will introduce advances throughout network architecture. 5G New Radio, the global standard for a more capable 5G wireless air interface, will cover spectrums not used in 4G. New antennas will incorporate technology known as massive MIMO (multiple input, multiple output), which enables multiple transmitters and receivers to transfer more data at the same time. But 5G technology is not limited to the new radio spectrum. It is designed to support a converged, heterogeneous network combining licensed and unlicensed wireless technologies. This will add bandwidth available for users.
4 2.0 When 5G will be available and how will it Expand 5G service is already available in some areas in various countries. These early-generation 5G services are called 5G non-standalone (5G NSA). This technology is a 5G radio that builds on existing 4G LTE network infrastructure. 5G NSA will be faster than 4G LTE. But the high- speed, low-latency 5G technology the industry has focused on is 5G standalone (5G SA). It should start becoming available by 2020 and be commonly available by 2022.
2.1 Big Promises Collide with Bigger Challenges
The first stage of the 5G Wireless platform is here now, for users of 5G devices in many metropolitan areas. 5G was designed to co-exist with previous generations of wireless communications equipment, particularly 4G LTE. 5G's principal purpose is to enable telecommunications service providers the ability to offer a wider variety of higher- bandwidth services, on newly allocated spectrum. Those services are not available everywhere yet, especially in North America, but the platform is being put in place now. If you use a 4G cellular phone today, it may be operating on a hybrid 4G/5G network at 4G frequencies.
5 2.2 The Impact of 5G on Global Economy $330 Billion added to global GDP by 5G applications in smart utilities management by 2030 $15 Billion added to the US economy by 5G applications in industrial manufacturing by 2030 $44 Billion added to the Chinese economy by 5G applications in healthcare by 2030
It’s expected that 5G, the much-discussed upcoming broadband cellular mobile communications standard, will have a big impact once the network rollout is here. The speed and bandwidth of 5G would be such that it could effectively replace home internet connections currently using Wi-Fi. Some of the Technology Association has reported that 5G will reach speeds of 10 Gbps, making it 100 times faster than 4G that we are currently using. This means for example, that a two-hour movie that would take six minutes to download on 4G, would take less than around four seconds to download on 5G. Making it a reality comes with some challenges along the way.
Frequency bands Deployment and coverage Cost to build, cost to buy Regulations and standards Security and privacy
6 References [A]. Scott Fulton III – How 5G will Transform Business [B]. PWC Global – Impact of 5G around the globe [C]. Five of the biggest challenges facing 5G by NOKIA
