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Tools For Problem Analysis

1. Tools like process charts, flow diagrams, and Pareto charts help analyze problems by dividing work processes into elements and identifying the key issues. 2. Process charts use symbols to graphically represent operations, transportation, inspections, delays, and storage in a work process. They summarize the entire process to compare existing and proposed methods. 3. Pareto charts arrange issues by cost or impact to highlight the "vital few" that cause most of the problems, following Pareto's principle that 80% of outcomes result from 20% of causes. They help focus improvement efforts on the most significant issues.

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Dilara Korkmaz
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48 views23 pages

Tools For Problem Analysis

1. Tools like process charts, flow diagrams, and Pareto charts help analyze problems by dividing work processes into elements and identifying the key issues. 2. Process charts use symbols to graphically represent operations, transportation, inspections, delays, and storage in a work process. They summarize the entire process to compare existing and proposed methods. 3. Pareto charts arrange issues by cost or impact to highlight the "vital few" that cause most of the problems, following Pareto's principle that 80% of outcomes result from 20% of causes. They help focus improvement efforts on the most significant issues.

Uploaded by

Dilara Korkmaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IE 102

Tools for Problem Analysis


Objectives of Charts and Diagrams

1. To permit work processes to be communicated


and comprehended more readily
2. To use algorithms specifically designed for the
particular diagramming technique
3. To divide a given work process into its constituent
elements for analysis purposes
4. To provide a structure in the search for
improvements
5. To represent a proposed new work process or
method
Problem Solving Tools

 Select The Project


(Pareto Analyses, Fish Diagrams, Gantt Charts,
PERT Charts, Job/Worksite Analysis Guide
 Get and Present Data

(Operation, Flow, Worker/Machine, Gang


Process Charts, and Flow Diagrams)
 Develop the Ideal Method
Pareto Chart
 Special form of histogram in which attribute
data are arranged according to some criterion
such as cost or value
 Based on Pareto’s Law: “the vital few and the
trivial many”
 Often identified as the 80%-20% rule
 80% of a nation’s wealth is owned by 20% of the
population
 80% of sales are accounted for by 20% of the
SKUs
Pareto Analysis
 20% of items produced constitute 80% of the
inventory
 80% of the annual revenue is generated by 20% of
the items sold
 80% of the problems originate from 20% of the
sources

 Conceptually, the methods analyst concentrates the


greatest effort on the few jobs that produce most of
the problems.
Pareto Diagram
Problem Occurrence Annaul Cum. %
Type Description Percentage Cost Occurrence
A Subpar quality of cotton 40 20 40
B Improper tension setting 20 6 60
C Inadequate operator training 14 3 74
D Bale storage problems 10 2 84
E Drop in hydraulic pressure in presses 8 2 92
F Cutter not sharp 5 1.5 97
G Dye for use in color not adequate 3 1.8 100

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
A B C D E F G
Pareto Distribution
Cause and Effect Diagram

 A graphical-tabular chart used to list and


analyze the potential causes of a given
problem
 Can be used to identify which causes are
most consequential and how to take
corrective action against them
 Also known as a “fishbone diagram”
Cause and Effect Diagram
GANTT Charts
 Shows the anticipated completion times for
various project activities on a time axis
Process

 Process is a series of interrelated actions,


operations, activities leading and contributing
to an end
 The actions, operations, activities that
composes a process are generally
established and routine set of procedures
 Some examples: Manufacturing a
component, Borrowing books from a library,
making an hamburger, granting a loan
Process Charts
 Graphical and symbolic representation of the
processing activities performed on
something or by somebody
 Principal types of process charts:
1. Flow process chart – analysis of a material or
workpiece being processed
2. Worker process chart – analysis of a worker
performing a task
3. Form process chart – analysis of the processing
of paperwork forms
Process Chart Symbols

Operation Delay

Transportation Storage

Inspection
Operation
 Occurs when an object is intentionally
changed in one or more of its characteristics
 Usually occurs at a machine or a work station
 Drilling, Painting, Data Entry, Cutting, Sorting,
etc.
Transportation
 Occurs when an object is moved from one
place to another
 except when the movement is part of an
operation or an inspection
 Using elevator, carrying, moving with material
handling devices
Inspection
 Occurs when an object is examined for
identification or is compared with a standard
as to quantify or quality
 Examine the quantity or quality, read steam
gauge on boiler, detect the defectives
Delay
 Occurs when the immediate performance or
the next planned action does not take place
 Work In Process inventory waiting to be
processed, Employee waiting for an elevator,
Waiting for accumulation of a certain quantity
for packaging
Storage
 Occurs when an object is kept under control
such that its withdrawal requires authorization
 Bulk storage of raw material, finished
products inventory, archived documents
Combined Symbols

 Two symbols may be combined when two


activities are performed concurrently.

Operation and Inspection


Process Charts

 Process charts summarizes the whole


process
 They are used to compare the existing and
the proposed methods
 Process is observed, who, what, where,
when, and how questions are asked
 Every detail is understood and the chart of
the existing situation is drawn
Form for Flow Process Chart

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