Anglais 3

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UNIVERSITE D’ANTANANARIVO
FACULTE DE DROIT, D’ECONOMIE DE GESTION ET DE SOCIOLOGIE
DEPARTEMENT GESTION
Mention : Gestion
Parcours : Fondamentaux en Sciences de gestion
Niveau : L1
Semestre : S2
Unité d’Enseignement : UE6
Elément Constitutif :
ANGLAIS
Elément : n°3
Avertissement :
Ce document est réservé uniquement aux étudiants légalement inscrits au cours de l’année universitaire 2015 à
la Formation Ouverte à Distance (FOAD) en Sciences de Gestion de l’Université d’Antananarivo. Toute
reproduction intégrale ou partielle faite, par quelque procédé que ce soit, sans l’accord du Département Gestion
de l’Université d’Antananarivo est donc strictement interdite.
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LESSON 10: MEMORANDUM
Memos are less formal than letter seven the language used in memos are more or less formal The
sentences should be complete.
Instead of full letters ,memos are something enough for what we want to say. That can be sent by
phone or e-mail.
They are usually sent to people by hand
They are used to convey information from either department division to another, or from a person to
another.
Structure : we use printed forms for MEMO with the following layout
THE LAYOUT OF A MEMO
Name of the company/society/ enterprise
MEMORANDUM
To
Department / division
From :
Department/ Division
Ref (reference) Num your memo
Date :
Subject
Vocabularies and expression to be used
You do not have to use or write “ DEAR” at the beginning although you may use it
Do not end with Sincerely yours , yours ….
Do not forget to write/ PUT /mention your nam
EXERCICE LESSON 10
You send a memo to your colleague ‘s division
Réf : foadgestion-degs/tanà/2015/L1/S2/UE6/ANG/3
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SUJET TYPE LESSON 10 MEMO
Mandroso Company
Mahamasina
Antananarivo 101
To : Mr BORG
Division : sales Service
From : Raoby
Division: Transport dispatching
Date 7 July 2015
Subject : Inform us about the delivery date
Raoby
Questions
1) Is this type of text a fax or a memorandum ? Justify your answer

2) Who sends it?
3) Which division does it concern ?
4) How is it about?
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MEMORANDUM TYPE LESSON 10

BURANDY Entreprise
King Town 2 Mamby Road
Sydney Australia
To : Mrs Clark
Division : Export –import service
Ref : 20 / exp/ 15
Date : 2 July 2015-
Would you remind us the numbers of shoes size 12 Austra made ?
Dave Marketing responsible
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LESSON 11
ORGANIZATION 1
Company structure
Most companies in Britain (corporations in the USA) are organized and managed in the same way.
They are headed by a Managing Director (Chief Executive Officer CEO in the USA) who may also be
Chairman of the Board. He represents the company outside, coordinates the various departments
operations and policies, makes long term decisions or implements those of the Board of Directors.
Firms have several departments laid out on an organization chart. Each department is staffed by a
manager or director, senior and junior executives, a personal assistant or executive secretary and other
clerical workers, many of whom will be computer programmers or operators. The production
department is in charge of the factory or workshop where goods are manufactured or assembled. The
Sales Manager is responsible for the company’s sales force? The reps (representatives) who obtain the
orders.
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EXERCISES
I. Match the Words in column A to those in column B
A B
1. Sales a. Human resources
2. Personal b. Manager
3. Senior c. Directors
4. Board of d. Executive
5. Director of e. assistant
II. Who or what are we talking about?
1. The person who counts and calculates the money

2. The place where the products are stored
3. The people who work in the factory
4. The head of a company
5. The people who hold position of authority in a firm
III. Find in the odd man out and explain why
1. Purchasing manager – production manager – shareholder – private secretary

2. Partner – advertising – foreman – accountant
3. Junior executive – managing director – shopfloor worker – supervisor
4. Director – personnel manager – involve – warehouseman
5. Marketing director – sales executives – R&D manager – sales manager
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9 MANAGERS, EXECUTIVES AND DIRECTORS
A Managers and executives: UK
All the directors together are the board. They meet in the boardroom.
Non-executive directors are not managers of the company; they are outsiders, often directors of
other companies who have particular knowledge of the industry or of particular areas.
The marketing director is the head of marketing, the IT director is the head of IT, etc. These
people head or head up their departments. Informally, the head of an activity, a department or an
organization is its boss.
An executive or; informally, an exec, is usually a manager at quite a high level (for example, a
senior executive). But ‘executive’ can be used in other contexts to suggest luxury, as in ‘executive
coach’ and ‘executive home’, even for things that are not actually used by executives.
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B Managers and executives: US
In the US, the top position may be that of chairman, chairwoman or president.
This job is often combined with the position of chief executive officer or CEO.
Some companies have a chief operating officer to take care of the day-to-day running of the
company. The finance director may be called the chief financial officer.
In the US, senior managers in charge of particular areas are often called vice presidents (VPs).
9.1 Look at the managers listed in A opposite. Match each task (1-6) tothe manager most
likely to be responsible for doing it.
1. Meet with advertising agency to discuss new advertisements for the company’s holidays.
2. Study possible new holiday destinations in detail.
3. 3 See the research director to discuss new holiday destinations.
4. Contact newspapers to advertise new jobs.
5. Deal with complaints from customers.
6. Discuss sales figures with sales team.
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9 2 Who’s who on this company board? Look at B opposite and complete the diagram.
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LESSON 12
ORGANIZATION 2
FORMS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

Number of Liability of If the business
Type of Business Name of owners
owners owners fails
Sole
01 Sole proprietor
Proprietorship Owners go
Unlimited
02 20 bankrupt
Partenership Partners
Private limited 02 50
company shareholders Company goes
Limited
Public Limited into liquidation
02 or more
Company
A sole proprietor or sole trader.

A sole proprietor or sole trader is a person who is in business for himself
The sole proprietorship is the simplest form of business organization. He provides his own capital,
assumes all the risks and receives all the profits
A partnership
It is an association composed from 02 to 20 persons who carry on a business in common with a view
to profit
Once a partnership is set up all the partners are joint by liable for all debts.
Private limited company: LTD

From 2 to 50 members may set up a Private Limited Company. The public cannot be asked to
subscribe to capital and shares cannot be negotiated or transferred without the consent of the members
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Public Limited Company PLC

Public Limited Companies are composed from 2 to an unlimited number of members. The capital is
divided into shares which are offered to the public an bought and sold on the stock Exchange
NB
1) “Corporation” is a term used especially in the US for companies with limited liability
INC stands for Incorporated and it shows that the company is a corporation
2) Sole traders and Partners go bankrupt if their business fails. They have unlimited liability for
their firm’s debts that is to say they have to sell their own private possessions (house, car
furniture ect…) to pay all their creditors.
3) Limited companies go into liquidation if the business fails. This means that all the companies
property and equipment (assets) must be sold and the money from the sale will be used to pay
their debts to their creditors.
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EXERCISE
Complete the following sentences with information taken from the text
1. There are at least ………….. in a partnership

2. The name of a ………………… include the word limited or the abbreviation Ltd
3. Anyone can buy ………………. In a public limited company
4. A …………. …… must pay the firm’s debts with his or her own money if necessary
5. Most limited companies in Britain (………………… in the USA) are organized and managed
in the same way
6. The shares in a …………… limited company can be bought and sold freely at a ……………..
7. A person you owe money to is called your …………….
8. Something belonging to a person or a business which can be sold is called ………………….
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LESSON 13
ORGANIZATIONS 2
Sole owner and sole proprietor are also

Self-employed people and partnerships
used both in BrE and AmE. Sole trader is
I’m a freelance graphic designer, a freelancer. not used in the US,
That means I work for myself - I’m self-employed.
To use the official term, I’m a sole trader.
Note: You usually describe people such as designers and journalists as freelancers, and people such
as builders and plumbers as self-employed. (See Unit 7)
We have set up our own architecture partnership. There are no shareholders in the organization
apart from us, the partners. A lot of professional people like lawyers, accountants and so on, work
in partnerships.
Mutuals
Some companies, like certain life insurance companies, are mutual’s. When you buy insurance with
the company you become a member. Profits are theoretically owned by the members, so there are
no shareholders.
In Britain, another kind of mutual is building societies, which lend money to people who want to
buy a house. But a lot of building societies have demutualized: they have become public limited
companies with shareholders. This process is demutualization.
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Non-profit organizations
Organizations with ‘social’ aims such as helping those who are sick or poor, or encouraging artistic
activity, are non-profit organizations (BrE) or not-for-profit organizations (AmE). They are also
called charities, and form the voluntary sector, as they rely heavily on volunteers (unpaid workers).
They are usually managed by paid professionals, and they put a lot of effort into fund-raising,
getting people to donate money to the organization in the form of donations.
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EXERCICE
Look at the words in A and B opposite. What type of organization is each of these?
1 A group of engineers who work together to provide consultancy and design services. There are
no outside shareholders.
2 A large British engineering company with 30,000 employees. Its shares are bought and sold on
the stock market.
3 An American engineering company with outside shareholders.
4 An engineer who works by herself providing consultancy. She works from home and visits
clients in their offices.
5 An independent British engineering company with 20 employees. It was founded by three
engineers, who are shareholders and directors of the company. There are five other shareholders
who do not work for the company.
Complete this newspaper article with the correct form of the words from C opposite. One expression is
used twice.
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Match the sentence beginnings (1-5) to the correct endings (a—e).

The sentences all contain expressions from D opposite.
1. British companies donate around A. with loss-making companies!

£500 million a year to B. in cash and, increasingly, as goods,
charities services and time.
2. organized fund-raising C. parties for the charity.
3. Voluntary sector employees earn five D. when they are helping people in their
own social class.
to ten per cent
4. Non-profit organizations are not to be E. less than they would in the private
confused sector.
5. Research shows that volunteers give

the best service
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LESSON 14 : REPORT
You often have to write reports after a meeting or a business trip which occurred in your company.
They should not very long but easy to read and clear to understand with the main information what
someone expects.
The past tenses are generally used .Linking words are also necessary when witing events.
THE LAYOUT OF A REPORT
4 main points:
From : (1) : the person who is writing the report
To : (2) : the person to whom you are sending the report
Date: (3) : mention the date when you are writing the report
Subject (4) What your report is about ?
We can introduce the report , then develop it in giving the main points and conclude it
Vocabularies- expressions to be used
For introduction
Following……………………………
To give you more about …………………………
The development
You give some points ,the most important
To conclude
In conclusion …………………..
EXERCICE LESSON 14
You are asked to write a report to your supervisor about the imported goods from China
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REPORT TYPE
From : Marketing assistant
To : Marketing Manager
Date: 18 March 2015
Subject : meeting activities
Following your instruction, the staff had been had a meeying about activities during the 1st period of
sales in this year.
Some points had been discussed
Some decisions had been taken
1)
2)
3)
To conclude, everyone gave his points of views. It seems important to draw a board of next activities
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SUJET TYPE LESSON 14 : REPORT

From : MAMOKATRA company
To : CRAYFORD Export
Date: 3rd August 2015-
Subject: goods delivery
We ordered 1 ton of rice to your company 1 month ago
1) Would you please give us more details about our order?
2) After checking the goods, we noticed that 500 kg of rice were only
packed and delivered.
3) Would you, give us more information?
We hope to hear from you soon.
Questions
Multiple choice
1) Choose one correct answer
a- The text is about a business letter
b- The text is a memorandum
c- The text is a report
2) Is it written to order some goods?
3) Is it sent to Crayford company?
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LESSON 15 : BUSINESS LETTERS

What are business letters ?
Business letters are different from reports or memos .They are written in full letters and in a very
formal way. They are sent by hand or e-mail or fax.
They are used for administrative information ,A sheet of paper in general format A 4 is used
The content of a business letter : Structure and expressions to be used
( 1) Letterhead
1.1 It concerns a company or a firm or an enterprise

1.2 The sender’s address with the printed heading of the firm or a company or the enterprise: its
address ,phone number ,e-mail postal address, fax number.
1.3 Do not mention the above information if it concerns you
(2) References concerning only a company or a society or an enterprise
This part includes both references that is the sender’s, and the addressee’s(the addressee is the person
or a company you are sending the letter to ) Both references can be one or two lines
2.1 a) our reference b) your reference
0029/MD 2015 AT/²12
OR a)2.2 our reference
0029/MD 2015
b) your reference
AT/12
(3) Date
United Kingdom (UK) : 12 th January 2015 or 12.1.2015
American (US) : January 12 ,2015 OR 12. 1 . 2015
( 4) Inside address
The addressee’s address
(5) opening salutations
Miss for an unmarried woman
Mrs for a married woman
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Ms forwomen you don’t know if she is married or not
Mr for a man
(5) Opening salutation
If the person’s name is known (UK/ US) :
Dear Mrs /Ms/ Mr+ name/surname : Dear Mr Samson
If the person’s name is not known ( UK)
The addressee ”s company
Dear Sirs,
the person’s name is not known ( US)
The addressee ”s company
Dear Sirs,
(6) The body of the letter
Business letters must be as brief as possible
It is composed generally of 3 paragraphs
The necessary information is given to the correspondent to trace the title (at a beginning)
We give the facts and explain if necessary ( in the middle)
We tell our expectation (the end of the letter)
(7) Closing salutation
If the person’s name is known ( UK/ US ) : Yours sincerely
Sincerely yours
If the person’s name is not known ( US) Yours faithfully
(UK) Yours truly / Truly yours
(8) Signature
(9) Typed name
Your title ,initials or first name and surname should be typed underneath your signature
(10) Enclosure
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Indicate in the bottom of the letter with ENC
NB The structure of the letter can be adapted in Malagasy situation
*B) VOCABULARIES AND SOME EXPRESSIONS
B.1 Letters of inquiry
We are interested in………………………….
Please send us your catalogue and prices of ……………………..
Could you let us know………………..
B.2 Letters of offers
Thank you for ……………..
You will find enclosed our price list. We are prepared to make you a special offer
We are looking forward to doing business with you
B.3 Letters of orders
We wish to order …………..
We thank you for your offer
Please deliver to address below….
Please inform us of/about..
B.4 Letters of complaining
We regret to inform you ………….
We regret to have to complain about…………….
We hope to hear from you in the next future
B.5 Letters of replying an order
Thank you for your order
We enclose a copy of your invoice
We are pleased to supply all the goods you need
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BUSINESS LETTER LAYOUT

LETTERHEAD (1)
…………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………
(2) reference (3) date
……………………………………..
………………………………………..
(4) Inside address
………………………………..
…………………………………..
………………………………..
(5) opening salutation
……………………………………
(6) the body of the letter
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
(7) closing salutation
(8) signature
………………………………….
(9) Typed name
Title
(10) enclosure
The letter is written on the left except the date
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EXERCISE LESSON 15 : BUSINESS LETTERS

You are sending a letter of complaining to EXPRESS Society
BUSINESS LETTER TYPE

VITA GASY COMPANY
17 rue Rabozaka Antanimena
020 22 498
[email protected]
our reference : 032/VIT /2015
your reference: 23 /EXP/239/2015
Mr Paguy
Responsible Marketing sales
Express Society
Analakely
Dear Sir,
We vregret to inform you that most of the goods are not suitable for our customers
We should be grateful if you replace some of the articles which are concerned
Hearing from you soon.
Sincerely yours
Signature
RADAVIDRA P.
ENC : goods list

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SUJET TYPE BUSINESS LETTERS

VITA GASY COMPANY
17 rue Rabozaka Antanimena
020 22 498
[email protected]
our reference : 032/VIT /2015
your reference: …………………………………………
Mr Paguy
………………………………………
Express Society
Analakely
………………………..
We …………………..to inform you that most of the goods are not suitable for our customers
We …………………………………if you replace some of the articles which are concerned
Hearing from you soon.
…………………………………………………
Signature
RADAVIDRA P.
ENC : ………………………
Questions
Complete the missing words
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TABLE DES MATIÈRES

(ELEMENT 3)
LESSON 10: MEMORANDUM .......................................................................................................................... 2
EXERCICE LESSON 10....................................................................................................................................... 2
SUJET TYPE LESSON 10 MEMO..................................................................................................................... 3
MEMORANDUM TYPE LESSON 10................................................................................................................ 4
LESSON 11 ....................................................................................................................................................... 5
EXERCISES ....................................................................................................................................................... 6
LESSON 12 ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
EXERCISE ....................................................................................................................................................... 12
LESSON 13 ..................................................................................................................................................... 13
EXERCICE ....................................................................................................................................................... 15
LESSON 14 : REPORT ..................................................................................................................................... 17
EXERCICE LESSON 14..................................................................................................................................... 17
REPORT TYPE................................................................................................................................................. 18
SUJET TYPE LESSON 14 : REPORT ................................................................................................................ 19
LESSON 15 : BUSINESS LETTERS .................................................................................................................. 20
EXERCISE LESSON 15 : BUSINESS LETTERS .................................................................................................. 24
SUJET TYPE BUSINESS LETTERS ................................................................................................................... 25

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1

LESSON 10: MEMORANDUM

They are usually sent to people by hand

THE LAYOUT OF A MEMO

Name of the company/society/ enterprise

Ref (reference) Num your memo

Vocabularies and expression to be used

Do not end with Sincerely yours , yours ….

Do not forget to write/ PUT /mention your nam

SUJET TYPE LESSON 10 MEMO

Division : sales Service

Division: Transport dispatching

Date 7 July 2015

Subject : Inform us about the delivery date

1) Is this type of text a fax or a memorandum ? Justify your answer

MEMORANDUM TYPE LESSON 10

King Town 2 Mamby Road

Division : Export –import service

Date : 2 July 2015-

Would you remind us the numbers of shoes size 12 Austra made ?

Dave Marketing responsible

II. Who or what are we talking about?

1. The person who counts and calculates the money

III. Find in the odd man out and explain why

1. Purchasing manager – production manager – shareholder – private secretary

9 MANAGERS, EXECUTIVES AND DIRECTORS

A Managers and executives: UK

B Managers and executives: US

FORMS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

A sole proprietor or sole trader.

Private limited company: LTD

Public Limited Company PLC

1. There are at least ………….. in a partnership

Sole owner and sole proprietor are also

Match the sentence beginnings (1-5) to the correct endings (a—e).

1. British companies donate around A. with loss-making companies!

2. organized fund-raising C. parties for the charity.

5. Research shows that volunteers give

THE LAYOUT OF A REPORT

From : (1) : the person who is writing the report

To : (2) : the person to whom you are sending the report

Subject (4) What your report is about ?

Vocabularies- expressions to be used

To give you more about …………………………

You give some points ,the most important

Date: 18 March 2015

Subject : meeting activities

Some points had been discussed

Some decisions had been taken

SUJET TYPE LESSON 14 : REPORT

LESSON 15 : BUSINESS LETTERS

The content of a business letter : Structure and expressions to be used

1.1 It concerns a company or a firm or an enterprise

(2) References concerning only a company or a society or an enterprise

2.1 a) our reference b) your reference

0029/MD 2015 AT/²12

OR a)2.2 our reference

United Kingdom (UK) : 12 th January 2015 or 12.1.2015

American (US) : January 12 ,2015 OR 12. 1 . 2015

The addressee’s address