PROJECT : PAGE :

CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Underground Utilities Way Design Based on AASHTO-17th & 2018 IBC
DESIGN CRITERIA
1. The design that directly put utilities (sewer pipe, water main, or gas line) under foundation (PT/conventional slab on grade, mat footing) is inadequate. Even later
the method of Trenchless Technology can be used to change/upgrade pipes, the leaking water and disturbed soil will reduce foundation capacity. For no California
Basement, this software design combined utility (sewer, water, and gas) pipe way, which can be tunnel-shaped or full circler section (D + S = C).
2. No matter how big structural actual loads, if the foundation design adequate, the maximum vertical pressure of utility pipe way is allowable soil capacity plus soil,
weight, and the maximum lateral pressure is allowable soil capacity.

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

CONCRETE STRENGTH fc' = 5 ksi, (34 MPa)
REBAR YIELD STRESS fy = 60 ksi, (414 MPa)

SECTION DIMENSIONS L= 1.8 ft, (0.55 m)

H= 1 ft, (0.30 m)
C= 0.53 ft, (0.16 m)
S= 2 in, (51 mm)
D= 3 in, (76 mm)
t= 4 in, (102 mm)
REINFORCING (As)
1 layer # 3 @ 8 in o.c., (203 mm), (curvered)
Concrete Cover = 0.75 in, (19 mm)
MAX TUNNEL DEEP UNDERGROUND EMB = 3 ft, (0.91 m) [THE DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.]
ALLOWABLE SOIL PRESSURE Qa = 2.2 ksf, (105 kPa), ASD
SOIL SPECIFIC WEIGHT gb = 110 pcf, (1762 kg/m3)

ANALYSIS
DETERMINE LOADS
Pb = 1.5 (Qa + EMB gb) = 3795 psf, (173 kPa) PL = (check from g b to 1.5 Qa ) = 110 ft-pcf, (psf), (5 kPa)
Pt = Pb - Wt = 3609 psf, (182 kPa)
DETERMINE TUNNEL WEB FORCES BY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Point X (ft) Y (ft) Pu (k) Mu (ft-k) Vu (k)
0 0.00 0.00 0.12 1.34 0.00
1 0.19 0.01 0.29 1.28 1.03
2 0.38 0.05 0.63 1.08 1.65
3 0.56 0.11 1.11 0.76 2.16
4 0.74 0.19 1.70 0.35 2.53
5 0.90 0.29 2.92 -0.14 2.07
6 1.02 0.46 3.59 -0.57 1.72
7 1.12 0.65 4.09 -0.94 1.17
8 1.17 0.85 4.37 -1.18 0.47
9 1.20 1.06 4.39 -1.28 -0.28
10 1.18 1.27 4.15 -1.22 -1.00
11 1.13 1.48 3.68 -1.01 -1.58
12 1.04 1.67 3.04 -0.68 -1.97
13 0.92 1.84 2.31 -0.26 -2.11
14 0.78 1.99 1.57 0.18 -1.99 Rt = 1.20 ft, (top circle radius)
15 0.60 2.12 0.92 0.60 -1.63 Governing: Rb = 1.52 ft, (bottom circle radius)
16 0.41 2.21 0.44 0.94 -1.07 Pu = 0.12 kips / ft qt = 131.36 deg, (between 5 & 18)
17 0.21 2.26 0.18 1.17 -0.37 Mu = 1.34 ft-kips / ft qb = 36.13 deg, (between 0 & 5)
18 0.00 2.28 0.18 1.25 0.00

CHECK AXIAL & FLEXURE CAPACITY

r ProvD = 0.006875 < rMAX = 0.0800 (tension face only, ACI 318-19 7.3.3 or R21.2.2)
> rMIN = 0.0012 (tension face only, ACI 318-19 9.6.1.2, 9.6.1.3 or Table 11.6.1)
[Satisfactory]

140

120

f Pn (k) 100        2 
c c
  e f C  2       , for 0   c   o  s E s , for  s   ty
'

80 fC    o    o   , f S
 '
 f y , for  s   ty
60   e f C , for  c   o

40 o 

2 e f C
'
 ,  ty 
fy  ty , for compression controlled
, t  
Ec Es  ty  0.003 , for tension controlled
20 '
E c  57 f C , E s  29000ksi ,  e  0.85 ,  cu  0.003
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 f Mn = ft-kips @ Pu =
-20 1.39 0.12 kips
Solid Black Line - Tension Controlled f Mn (ft-k) > Mu = 1.34 ft-kips [Satisfactory]
Solid Red Line - Transition
Dash Line - Compression Controlled

CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY (ACI 318-19 9.6.3.1)

Vu, max =
 V n  2 bd '
fc = 2.55 kips / ft > 2.53 kips / ft [Satisfactory]