OUR LADY OF FATIMA ACADEMY OF DAVAO, INC.

Brgy. 24-C, Fatima St., Davao City

S.Y. 2020-2021

Name:______________________________Inclusion Dates: Feb. 8 - 12, 2021

Grade and Section:___________________

Learning Competency:
 Explains the definition and importance of courtship and dating in
choosing a lifelong partner
 Analyzes behaviors that promote healthy relationship in marriage
and family life
 Describes the factors that contribute to a successful marriage
 Discusses various maternal health concerns (pre -during - post
pregnancy)
 Explains the importance of maternal nutrition during pregnancy
 Discusses the importance of newborn screening, and the APGAR
scoring system for newborns
 Explains the importance of prenatal care and post -natal care
 Discusses the essential newborn protocol (Unang Yakap) and
advantages of breastfeeding for both mother and child
 Recognizes the importance of immunization in protecting children’s
health
 Analyzes the importance of responsible parenthood
 Explains the effects of rapid population growth and family size on
health of the nation
 Examines the important roles and responsibilities of parents in child
rearing and care
 Enumerates modern family planning methods (natural and artificial)

BUILDING VOCABULARY
Dating – actively getting out there and meeting people and spending time with
them.
Courtship - is the period of development towards an intimate
relationship wherein a couple get to know each other and decide if there will be
an engagement, followed by a marriage.
Marriage – also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally recognized union
between people, called spouses, that establishes rights and obligations between
them.
Pregnancy – is the term used to describe the period in which a fetus develops
inside a woman's womb or uterus.

LESSON 1, 2 & 3
 Dating, Courtship, and Marriage
Medical Concerns
Responsible Parenthood

Understanding Concept
Learning Objectives:

At the end of the session, the students can:

a. Determine the difference among dating, courtship and marriage
b. Identify the different medical concerns and responsible parenthood
c. Value the importance of good and responsible parenthood

Lesson 1: Dating, Courtship and Marriage

Dating
Why do teens go out dating? What do they get from dating? Upon entering
high school, teens begin to be particularly close to a few chosen friends of the
same sex form cliques. These are friends whom they can share secrets and
problems with. Eventually, they get attracted with the opposite sex and the skills
that they have developed on maintaining close friendship are further honed and
expressed in a romantic relationship. Dating can enhance one’s relational skills,
socialization with people, and coping with infatuations. Dating makes the teens
learn more about intimacy, expressing their emotions with the opposite sex, and
dealing with rejection and pain.
Some teenagers establish close friendship with a wide range of people but
do not necessarily show interest in dating. It could be that they get interested and
preoccupied in other activities like sports, music, acting, and parish or community
activities. Others maybe are too shy to go dating and need to develop their self-
confidence.
Whatever is the decision of the teen, proper guidance should be given to
them by their parents and other adults to help them go through their development
as an adolescent.
Due to the influence of media and Western culture, Filipino traditions have
changed and are still changing. Dating someone is now common among teens
even without a chaperone as long as they get permission of their parents.

Courtship
“Pwede ba kitang ligawan?” (May I court you?) This is the Filipino way of
courting; it is to ask permission to woo the woman. The traditional Filipino way of
courting is to visit the woman at home in the evening and talk with their parents
watching nearby. If the parents begin to trust the man then they may be allowed
to date but with a chaperone—maybe the mother, a sibling, a friend, or other
trusted adults.
When the teen enjoys the company of the date because it is with the right
person, then they begin to nurture their positive feelings and courtship starts.
Courtship is the period in a couple’s relationship which precedes their
engagement and marriage or it is an establishment of an agreed relationship of a
more enduring kind. It is during this period that the couple gets to know each
other, develop deeper understanding and acceptance of each other’s values and
aspirations, and decide if there is an engagement. It can be an informal and
private matter between two people and even declared publicly in the presence of
their families and friends.
In the beginning of twenty-first century, we have witnessed a great
increase in technological advances, and this has affected lifestyle in various
ways. Technology has changed even courting practices. The use of social media
like Facebook, Twitter, as well as by means of text messaging have allowed
people to broaden, facilitate, and become creative in their courting and
expression of their feelings.
After a long courtship, if the couple decides to get married, there is the
Filipino tradition called pamamanhikan where the man and his family visit the
woman’s family and ask blessings from the parents to marry their daughter. The
two families involved get to know one another.

Marriage
Marriage is a lifelong partnership and bond between a man and a woman
who understand, accept, trust, and love each other. Filipinos view marriage as a
sacrament and a lifelong commitment between the husband and the wife.
Faithfulness to the family is a tradition that is a characteristic of Filipino society.
The Filipinos continue to value marriage highly and believe that children are
precious gifts from God to be loved and protected.
The Family Code of 1987 Philippine Constitution states that: “The marriage
is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered
into in accordance with law for the establishment of conjugal and family life. A
marriage is usually formalized at a wedding or marriage ceremony. The
ceremony may be officiated either by a religious official, by a government official,
or by a state-approved celebrant. If the civil element of the religious ceremony is
omitted, the marriage ceremony is not recognized as a marriage by government
under the law.”
One should make sure that he or she is getting married for the right
reason. Marrying the first person you fall for is not always a wise decision. The
following factors are necessary to consider in choosing a lifetime partner for a
successful married life:

1. Maturity – The one who can make wise decisions; responsible in handling
relationships.
Maturity is a key factor to successful marriage. Marrying at the age of
maturity saves a lot of pain and problems. Researchers have revealed a
number of factors that have led to unsuccessful marriages among teenage
couples.

2. Fidelity – The one who is sincere and true to his/her promise; faithful to his
or her partner.
The decisions and actions of the parents are beyond the control of the
children. But the children can learn from their successes and failures. If
 the parents are happily married, then the good qualities can be emulated
while the mistakes should not be repeated.

3. Commitment – The one who is dedicated to his/her responsibilities, and

stands for what is right and good for the relationship and the family.
Married couples by all means should protect the sanctity of their marriage
and must be true to their vows.

4. Love – The one who understands and accepts his/her partner; endures
and makes the relationship last.
Couples who truly love each other can trust one another to keep
personal matters confidential. Love chooses to focus on the positive and
the good. Loving couples talk about resolving the negative happenings
and unfavorable characteristics of one another so that they make know
how to overcome them together.

5. Economic Stability – The one who provides the needs of the family;
financially stable.
Money is not the main priority in a marriage, but financial problems
can have disastrous consequences. Poverty is a major risk factor in
marriages. Young couples should work hard, be responsible, and plan
their finances wisely before getting married.

6. Character – The one who is God-fearing; honest and sincere; respectful

and compassionate.
Couples who have any religious affiliation of any kind have lesser
marital problems and/or divorce risk (about 14%) than the general
population. Greater participation in religious activities is associated with
lower risks versus those who are casually affiliated.

Fixed Marriages
Fixed or arranged marriages were common in many countries until the
eighteenth century. This is a union between a groom and bride who are selected
by other parties rather than by each other. The marriages are usually fixed by the
parents, grandparents, or other older and respected relatives or members of the
community.
The following are some kinds of marriages in the Philippines:

1. Pikot – This is a forced marriage or shotgun marriage wherein one gets

married against his/her free will.

2. Buya – This is the parents’ prearranged or preplanned future marriage of

their child. The marrying couple do not go through the usual dating and
courting stages of a relationship. The parents or the family sets the
standard and guidelines of who marries their child. Wealthier families
arrange for their children to marry into a friend’s family of similar status
even as early as childhood.

3. Elope – This is when someone runs away secretly with a lover, especially
 with the intention of getting married. This is usually done without the
consent or knowledge of the parents.

Young people elope for various reasons, among them are:

 They are too young to get married.
 Parents disapprove of the relationship.
 They are not financially ready for the wedding expenses.
 Premarital pregnancy occurred.

4. Dowry – This is a process wherein the property of the parent is

distributed to a daughter at her marriage rather than at the holder’s death
(mortis causa). This process establishes and ensures conjugal fund and
assures support (endowment) in widowhood and eventually used to
provide for the needs of her sons and daughters. The economic and
social status is much more important for a successful match—especially
among the upper class. Thus, marriage becomes a financial transaction
more than commitment and love. Marriage is often not based on mutual
love or attraction.

Lesson 2: Medical Concerns

Prepregnancy
It is helpful for you to know some of the serious medical concerns that
most likely affects pregnant women. Here are some of them:
1. Blighted ovum (Anembryonic Pregnancy) – This happens in a very early
pregnancy just after conception. This is when the implanted fertilized egg
(ovum) in the uterus (womb) fails to further develop into an embryo, thus
resulting in a pregnancy loss. Blighted ova may result from chromosomal
abnormalities in the fertilized egg.

2. Ectopic Pregnancy – The fertilized egg (embryo) implants outside the

uterus. This is also known as a tubal pregnancy because the ectopic
pregnancy implants the fertilized egg along one of the fallopian tubes
instead of being implanted on the walls of the uterus. It is important that
this pregnancy is detected early because the growing embryo could
rupture the fallopian tube and can be fatal.

3. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) – This is a hormonal imbalance in the

sex hormones estrogen and progesterone levels of a woman. This
hormonal imbalance can result to difficulties in pregnancies. This can lead
to the growth of ovarian cyst (benign masses on the ovaries) and can
cause problems with a women’s menstrual cycle, fertility, cardiac function,
and appearance. Women with PCOS have a higher risk of miscarriage,
gestational diabetes, and premature delivery, and may need extra
monitoring during pregnancy.

4. Myoma – Also known as fibroid, this is a benign (noncancerous) tumor

that develops in or around the uterus. A fibroid can grow large enough to
 put pressure on the bladder, making it difficult to expel urine and may
cause infection. Although its cause is unknown, this is associated with the
presence of estrogen.
Medications, hormones, and surgical procedures are effective in
reducing symptoms or in removing the fibroid completely.

During Pregnancy
Although most pregnancies are uncomplicated, it is helpful that pregnant
women attend to their prenatal appointments and report any troubling symptoms
to their doctors or midwives. Medical checkups and screening tests help keep the
expecting mother and the baby healthy during pregnancy. The doctor may
discuss concerns such as healthy eating and physical activity and what to expect
during labor and delivery. Here are some medical concerns during pregnancy:
1. Preeclampsia – This usually occurs and affects pregnant women during
the second half of pregnancy or soon after their baby is delivered. Early
signs of preeclampsia include:
 Hypertension (high blood pressure)
 Proteinuria (presence of protein in the urine)
 Oedema (swelling of the feet, hand, and face caused by fluid
retention)

2. Placenta Previa – This is an obstetric complication that is generally

defined as the implantation of the placenta near to, or overlying the outlet
of the uterus (the opening of the uterus, the cervix). This is a leading
cause of vaginal bleeding in this period. Placenta previa may cause
serious morbidity and mortality to both the fetus and the mother.
Placenta is a temporary organ that joins the mother and the fetus and
transfer oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus.

3. Gestational Diabetes – This is a type of diabetes that affects women

during pregnancy. Diabetes is a condition where there is too much
glucose in the blood. Dietary control with a reduction in fat intake and the
substitution of complex carbohydrates for refined carbohydrates seeks to
achieve and maintain the maternal blood glucose profile essential during
gestation. Gestational diabetes should be treated early because it can
harm both the mother and the baby.
Treatment for gestational diabetes should be aimed at keeping the
blood sugar levels equal to those without gestational diabetes. This may
include the following:
 Special meal plans with food low in sugar content
 Scheduled physical activities and exercises
 Daily blood glucose testing
 Insulin injections

4. Suhi or Breech Position – The normal and safest fetal position for birth is
the head-down position. However, 4 out of 100 births, the baby is in a
breech position. Babies in this position are usually delivered by caesarean
or c-section.
There are three (3) breech positions:
  Complete breech – The buttocks are down near the birth canal. The
knees are bent and feet are near the buttocks.
 Footling breech – One leg or both legs are stretched out below the
buttocks. The leg or legs are in place to come out during delivery.
 Frank breech – The buttocks are in place to come out first during
delivery. The legs are straight up in front of the body, with the feet
near the head.

During a routine exam, the doctor does a fetal ultrasound to find the
position of the baby. The doctor may know that the baby is in breech
when the cervix is checked. The doctor may turn the baby from a
breech position to a normal head-down position using external cephalic
version procedure.

Post-Pregnancy
1. Postpartum Disorder – Many new mothers experience the “baby blues”
after childbirth. This includes emotional mood swings, feeling of rejection,
crying spells, loneliness, and being overwhelmed. This may fade quickly,
however, others may experience a more severe, long-lasting form of
depression known as postpartum depression. Mothers who experience
postpartum depression often focus more on the negative events of
childcare, resulting in poor coping strategies. The depression has an onset
within four weeks after childbirth. It may last several months or even a
year.

2. Sepsis – This is a serious medical condition wherein the body has an

overwhelming immune response to a bacterial infection. This may also be
caused by viral or fungal infections, although bacterial infections are the
most common. The chemicals released into the blood to fight the infection
trigger widespread inflammation leading to blood clots, leaky blood
vessels, and eventually blood poisoning (septicaemia). This results to
organ failure or in worst cases, leading to septic shock.
Common symptoms of sepsis are fever, chills, rapid breathing and
heart rate rash, confusion, and disorientation. The infection is usually
treated in the hospital intensive care units where vital organs are
sustained, and drop in blood pressure is prevented. Other treatments
include respirators or kidney dialysis or surgery to clear up an infection.

3. Tubal Ligation – This is a major surgery which can be performed

immediately after childbirth to a small incision near the navel or during a
cesarean delivery. The procedure blocks the fallopian tubes, preventing
the egg to move through the tubes. Also, the sperm cannot reach the egg
in the fallopian tube after it is released thus, preventing pregnancy to
occur. This procedure is also called bilateral tubal ligation (BTL). The
procedure involves the surgeon severing the tubes, and then ties or
ligates them off, using clips or rigs to clamp/band them, or severing and
cauterizing them. The procedure is usually done in a hospital operating
room. The corresponding male surgical sterilization procedure is known as
vasectomy.
 4. Hilot or Birth Attendants – Many pregnant women, especially in remote
barrios and municipalities in the Philippines, rely on traditional birth
attendants known as manghihilot despite the fact that they have no official
obstetric training. A manghihilot is often an older and respected woman
who considers herself as a private health care practitioner responding to a
request for service. She assists women during delivery and immediately
postpartum.
Due to the lack of education in some, the way manghihilots perform
the delivery is risky for women and their babies, leading to poor health and
even death. Although there are some who are highly experienced
including how to recognize and respond appropriately a complications of
pregnancy.

Lesson 3: Responsible Parenthood

Importance of Responsible Parenthood

Responsible parenthood as defined by Pope Paul VI in his encyclical,
Humanae Vitae, considers its varied legitimate and interrelated aspects:
1. Biologically, responsible parenthood means an awareness of, and respect
for their proper functions. In the procreative faculty, the human mind
discerns biological laws that apply to the human person.
2. With regard to human’s innate drives and emotions, responsible
parenthood means that human reason and will must exert control over
them.
3. With regard to physical, economical, psychological, and social conditions,
responsible parenthood is exercised by those who prudently and
generously decide to have more children, and by those who, for serious
reasons and with due respect to moral precepts, decide not to have
additional children for either a certain or an indefinite period of time.

Characteristics of Healthy Families

Husbands and wives should be strongly bonded and focused not only to
each other but also practice responsible parenthood. Research reveals the
characteristics of successful families. Families that excel in each of these areas
have fewer problems and are able to deal more effectively with problems. On the
other hand, families that have difficulty in these areas tend to have more
problems that remain unresolved.
The following are the areas on which families should do well to be
successful:
1. Problem Solving – Problems and issues that confront the family do not
have easy solutions and they threaten its ability to function effectively. A
successful family has the ability to resolve problems on a level that
maintains effective family functioning (Epstein, Bishop, Ryan, Miller, &
Keitner, 1993).

2. Effective Communication – It includes clear and direct communication

between and among members of the family. Families who can express
 their feelings to one another are better equipped to solve problems and
face challenges as they arise. The ability to listen and pay attention to
what they say are essential skills in effective communication.

3. Family Roles – It is important that clear roles and responsibilities are well
established among the members of a family. This will ensure the family’s
capacity to respond to the needs of the family, deal with the demands, and
to cope with unexpected changes. Healthy families are able to establish
clear, yet flexible roles that enable them to carry out family functions.
Deciding on work roles inside and outside the home is an important family
task.

4. Affective Responsiveness – This is the family’s ability to respond

emotionally to other family members in an appropriate manner. Families
need to be able to share and experience feelings such as love,
tenderness, joy, fear, and anger. Families that are unable to respond with
sincerity and tenderness, may be restricted or even distorted emotionally.

5. Behavior Control – This refers to patterns of behavior that the family

adopts in dealing with family situations (Epstein, Bishop, Ryan, Miller, &
Keitner, 1993). Some families have flexible behavior patterns while others
may have more rigid patterns. Families with flexible behavior patterns are
better able to adjust to and cope with changing family circumstances.
Types of Family Structures
When a person hears the word “family,” most of the time the image of a
father, mother, and children is what comes into their mind. However, there are
more definitions that can be used to define a family. The family, as a basic unit of
society, takes varied forms and structures. The family form is merely the physical
makeup of the members of the family without respect to its role and function.
1. Nuclear Family – This is a family group consisting of a pair of adults
(mother and father) and their biological or adopted children. It is often
called the traditional family. The nuclear family members have clear roles
to play and responsibilities to take, thus providing a nurturing environment.
Both adult members of the nuclear family who are responsible of providing
the needs of the children are the biological or adoptive parents of the
children.

2. Single-Parent Family – This consists of one parent (mother, father, or any

responsible adult) raising one or more children on his or her own. The
single-parent family is the biggest change society has seen in terms of
change in family structure. When only one parent is at home, it may
struggle to find childcare, as there is only one parent working. This limits
income and opportunities. For the last twenty years, the structure of the
family has changed and single-parent family is becoming the fastest-
growing family form.
Some common reasons for this type of family structure are:
 High rates of divorce and legal separation among couples.
 Increasing number of adults choosing not to marry.
 One parent is forced to work overseas due to economic reasons:
 this reason is more common in the Philippines.

3. Extended Family – This consists of two or more adults who are related,
either by blood or marriage, living under the same roof. This includes
family relatives sharing responsibilities in raising the children, keeping up
with the household chores and duties. This type of family structure is
formed due to financial difficulties or because older relatives are unable to
care for themselves alone. This type of structure is common to Filipinos
and getting popular in other countries. Filipinos have close family ties and
this unique trait of Filipinos explains its extended family. Among Filipinos,
parents usually would like their children to stay with them and thus
resulting to having them stay even if they get married and have their own
children. This explains why Filipino families usually have let grandparents
with them. The Filipino elderly enjoy being with a family that extends care
and love for them.

4. Childless Family – This consists of a husband and a wife living together

and caring for each other. The childless family is the most unpopular of
the different structures because it does not meet the traditional standards
set by society of the composition of a family. Being childless is either
because the couple cannot or choose not to have children. Many childless
families take on the responsibility of pet ownership or have extensive
contract with their nieces and nephews as a substitute for children.
The type of family a couple opts to form depends on their situation,
pressing needs and demands of the family, cultural value system, and
economic status of the family. There is really no best or least type of
family structure. As long as a family is filled with love and support for each
member, a family can cope with pressure, be successful, and survive. Any
unit of structure it may be, the family should do what is best for each
member and for the society.

5. Blended Family – This consists of two (2) divorced/legally separated

people who bring with them their children from the old families and decide
to live together. Things rarely go smoothly at the beginning of the blended
family. Very often children resist to changes. Given the right support from
the new couple/ parents, the children gradually adjust to their new blended
family. Open communication is essential to meet the needs and security
for a successful transition.

The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012

(Republic Act No. 10354)
Republic Act No. 10354: the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive
Health Act of 2012, also known as the RH Law, provides a universal access to
reproductive health care services and information. This does not prevent the
implantation of a fertilized ovum as determined by the Food and Drug
Administration. This also prioritizes poorer households as identified by the
National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction.

Effects of the size of the family:

 Bigger Family Smaller Family
 Less parental attention and  More parental attention and
care for more children love for the children
 Great pressure and stress due  Happier and more emotionally
to greater demands of more stable
children  Financially stable
 Sharing of minimal resources  More time, energy, and money
by more children left for other needs
 Nutritional intake per member  Children tend to be well-
tends to be smaller, nourished and healthier
malnutrition tends to be higher
 Disadvantaged in terms of
physical development

Assignment

Watch some videos about Medical concerns on Youtube.

Materials and References

Quennie S. Miranda. (2018). MAPEH FOR TODAY'S LEARNER 8. Phoenix Building, 927
Quezon Ave., Quezon City: The Phoenix Publishing House Inc.
http://zsk.cm/2Yv2V8D

http://bit.ly/2NJiPtO

http://bit.ly/39vmKTA

http://bit.ly/2MjNrSq
 OUR LADY OF FATIMA ACADEMY OF DAVAO, INC.
Brgy. 24-C, Fatima St., Davao City
S.Y. 2020-2021

WORKSHEET in HEALTH

Name:______________________________Inclusion Dates: Feb. 8 - 12, 2021

Grade and Section:___________________

Activity #1
A. Write True on the line if the statement is correct and False if it is
incorrect.

__________ 1. The Philippine Family Code supports that marriage is a special

contract of permanent union between a man and a woman.

__________ 2. The most important component of a marriage is the formal

wedding ritual.

__________ 3. A dowry establishes a conjugal fund and ensures parents’

support (endownment) for their children given at the holder’s death.

__________ 4. Maturity as a factor to successful marriage has saved marriages

and families from being broken.

__________ 5. Greater participation in church and civic activities is associated

with least success in marriage.

B. Identify the medical condition or procedure described in each statement.

Write your answer on the space provided.

__________ 1. A condition wherein the fertilized ovum implanted in the uterus

does not develop into a baby.

__________ 2. The implantation of the placenta near to or overlying the cervix.

__________ 3. The procedure that blocks the fallopian tubes, thus prevents the
egg to move through them.

__________ 4. It is what mothers experience after childbirth, which includes

mood swings and crying spells.

__________ 5. The condition wherein the leg or legs are in place to come out
first during delivery.
Activity #2 (Performance Task)
Your task is to determine the type of family structure you have in your
family. You need to put a picture of your family in a short bond paper then
write the name of each family member and its role. Staple it here.

Nuclear Family

Family Picture

Name Name
Father Mother
Name
Eldest

DESCRIPTIVE RATING SCORE/POINTS

Excellent 18-20
Very Good 15-17
Good 11-13
Fair 9-10
Poor 8
Activity #3
Direction: Answer the following questions.
Content – 3 points Organization of Ideas – 2
points

1 .As a student, why is it important to determine the differences of dating,

courtship and marriage? Explain.
________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

2. In your own opinion, what is/are the greatest challenge/s of being a Filipino
parent? Justify your choice.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

3. Why is it important to have a consistent communication between and among

family members?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________
a. Faith/Biblical Reflection: Mark 10:9
"Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate."

As an Ignacian Marian students, you must be ……

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________