CSEC June 2018 Paper 2
CSEC June 2018 Paper 2
TEST CODE
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SUBJECT
BIOLOGY – Paper 02
PROFICIENCY
GENERAL
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TEST CODE 01207020
FORM TP 2018045 MAY/JUNE 2018
BIOLOGY
2 hours 30 minutes
1. This paper consists of SIX questions in TWO sections. Answer ALL questions.
5. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the
original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of this
booklet. Remember to draw a line through your original answer.
6. If you use the extra page(s), you MUST write the question number clearly in
the box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, include
the question part beside the answer.
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SECTION A
1. (a) Scientists, interested in studying the survival of organisms living at high temperatures,
identify some microorganisms living in a desert habitat where the average daily temperatures
exceed 50 oC. They extract an enzyme, protease, that facilitates the digestion of proteins
from these organisms, and investigate the effect of temperature on the action of this enzyme.
(i) State TWO precautions that they should take in carrying out this experiment.
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(2 marks)
(ii)
The results of their experiment are presented in Table 1. On the grid provided in
Figure 1 on page 5, draw a graph to represent the results presented in Table 1.
(4 marks)
Temperature (oC) 5 10 30 45 50 55 60 65
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(iii) From the graph in Figure 1, identify the optimum temperature for the protease
activity.
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(1 mark)
(iv) Suggest ONE reason for the shape of the graph at less than 10 °C, TWO reasons
for the shape of the graph between 10 and 55 °C, and ONE reason for the shape
of the graph at more than 55 °C.
Less than 10 oC
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10–55 oC
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More than 55 oC
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(4 marks)
(v) Describe a suitable procedure that the scientists could use to investigate the effect
of pH on the activity of the protease enzyme.
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(3 marks)
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(b) The human skin shown in Figure 2 is an organ which helps humans to regulate their body
temperature.
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(4 marks)
(ii) Describe how the structures named in (b) (i) help humans to regulate their body
temperature.
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(4 marks)
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(c) Explain how changes in the epidermal cells of leaves help plants to conserve water during
high temperatures.
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(3 marks)
Total 25 marks
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(3 marks)
(ii) Name TWO structures that are common to the three types of cell.
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(2 marks)
(iii) State TWO differences between the type of cell labelled A and the type of cell
labelled C.
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(2 marks)
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(b) Tissues made up of Type B cells are placed in a container of concentrated salt solution
and left for one hour.
Describe THREE changes in the appearance of the cells after one hour in the concentrated
salt solution, and give an explanation to account for these changes.
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(4 marks)
(c) Tissues made up of Type A cells and Type B cells are placed in a container of distilled
water and left for one hour.
Describe how the appearance of Type A cells is expected to differ from that of Type B
cells and give an explanation for this difference.
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(4 marks)
Total 15 marks
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3. (a) Figure 4 shows a section through the human eye.
Table 2, which is incomplete, shows structures in the human eye labelled in Figure 4 and
their related functions.
Complete the table by matching EACH labelled part of the eye to its function. Write the
letter and the name of the part. The first row has been completed for you.
(b) Name ONE type of light sensitive cell found in the retina.
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(1 mark)
(c) Explain why colours are seen less clearly in dim light than in bright light.
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(2 marks)
(d) A colour-blind woman mates with a man who has normal colour vision. Determine the
probability of this couple having a colour-blind daughter by completing the genetic diagram
below.
Total 15 marks
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SECTION B
4. (a) Figure 5 is a diagram of the human respiratory system. Name the parts labelled A, B, C,
D, E and F in the space provided.
(6 marks)
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(b) State TWO characteristics that the respiratory surface used for gaseous exchange in human
beings has in common with the respiratory surface used in flowering plants. Explain how
EACH characteristic makes the respiratory surface suitable for gaseous exchange.
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(4 marks)
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(c)
Advertisements for electronic cigarettes promise to supply nicotine to the body without the
harmful effects of cigarette smoke. These cigarettes are promoted as a healthier alternative
to smoking regular cigarettes.
(i) Outline the effects of THREE named components of cigarette smoke, other than
nicotine, on the human body.
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(3 marks)
(ii)
Outline TWO ways in which the use of nicotine in electronic cigarettes may be
harmful to the human body.
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(2 marks)
Total 15 marks
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5. (a) Name THREE components of human blood that are important in protecting the body
against pathogenic diseases and state the function of EACH.
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(6 marks)
(b) Marianne, a one- month-old baby acquires immunity from her mother through breastfeeding.
Marianne’s father accidently punctures his finger with a nail but does not need a tetanus
antiserum injection because he received a tetanus vaccine the previous year.
Explain how the type of immunity that Marianne acquired from breastfeeding differs from
the type of immunity that her father acquired from his vaccine. In your explanation, state
the name of EACH type of immunity.
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(5 marks)
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(c) The authorities prevent children who are not immunized from registering in public schools.
Suggest TWO reasons why some parents may have a valid concern about immunizing
their children and TWO reasons why the authorities maintain their position on preventing
the entry of unvaccinated children.
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(4 marks)
Total 15 marks
6. (a) Describe how the process of mitosis results in the production of identical cells in asexual
reproduction.
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(6 marks)
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(b) Plants that reproduce sexually have some advantages compared to those that reproduce only
asexually. Outline TWO advantages and THREE disadvantages of sexual reproduction.
Advantages
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Disadvantages
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(5 marks)
(c) (i) Scientists have successfully cloned animal species. Suggest TWO reasons why humans
may choose to clone animals.
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(2 marks)
(ii) Outline TWO ethical issues related to the cloning of humans.
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(2 marks)
Total 15 marks
END OF TEST
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.
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EXTRA SPACE
If you use this extra page, you MUST write the question number clearly in the box provided.
Question No.
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