LESSON Equations of Functions

8.F.1, 8.F.2

Equations are often used as function rules. You can write equations
with variables such as x and y or using function notation. In function
Read f(x) as "f of x" notation, x represents the inputs and f(x) represents the outputs.
or "f is a function of x."
The equation y = 4x — 7 in function notation is f(x) = — 7.

The equation h = 20t + 75 in function notation is f(t) = 20t + 75.

The equation of a
function can be written You can use patterns from a table to write an equation of a function.
with other variables
besides x and y, What equation describes the values in this function table?

x 2 3
The terms h(x) and g(x)
are sometimes used to 3 5 7 9

represent functions.
First write a function rule to describe this.

Function rules are often

As the x-values increase by 1, the y-values increase by 2. This
written as equations
involving x and y. A means part of the function rule is "2 multiplies x." Since 3 is the

function is linear if it output when the input is 0, 3 must be added to twce the x-value
has the same change in as part of the function rule.
y for every value of x.
Its function equation is
The function rule is "the y-value is 3 more than twice the
in the form y = mx + b. x-value." As an equation, this is y 2x + 3. In function
notation, this is f(x) = 2x + 3.

You can also use equations of functions to make a function table.

Jorge resumes reading a book at page 55. He reads two pages

every minute. The function y = 2x + 55 represents the page of
the book, y, he will finish at after reading for x minutes. Make
a table of values to find the pages he will finish at after reading

for 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes.

A function can be
The x-values represent minutes, To find corresponding y-values,
thought of as an input-
output machine.
substitute each x-value into the equation and solve for y. Then
put these values in a table.
Y + 55
Input Output
x 5 10 20 30
x= 2x+55 —y=75
65 75 95 115

UNIT 5
88 Functions
O The Continental Press, DUPLICATING THIS MATERIAL IS ILLEGAL.
 Read each problem. Circle the letter of the best answer.

SAMPLE Which equation matches

this table of values?
13 19

A y = x +5 B y = x +6 C y=5x-6 D y=6x-5

The correct answer is D. As x increases by 1, y increases by 6. That

means that 6x is part of the equation. Since each y-value is 5 less
than 6 times each x-value, the equation is y = 6x — 5.

1 How is the equation y= + 1 written in 4 Miranda started making this table of values

function notation? to show the relationship between the

number of quilts she sells, x, and the profit,
A f(x) — f(x) =
y, in dollars, she earns in her business.
-4f(x) + I

-110 -90 -70 -50

2 Which table of values matches the equation

What is the missing value in this table?

A -100 c -130

B -120 D -150

5 Which table of values models the function

11

f(x) f(x)
3 What equation describes this table?

10

12 12 22

18 12 18 34

UNIT 5
Functions
39
O The Continental Press, Inc. DUPLICATING THIS MATERIAL ILLEGAL,
 Read each problem. Write your answer.

SAMPLE Write an equation that models this function table.

x o 3 6 9

2 3

Answer

Look for a pattern that exists between each ordered pair (x, y).

Each x-value increases by 3. Each y-value is each x-value. The

equation that models this is Y= s x'

6 The equation C = 45m + 25 mode's the total cost, C in dollars, of a

cell phone plan for m months. Complete this table of values to show

the total cost for the first 4 months of this cell phone plan.

m 1 2 3 4
70 115 160 205

7 The Pierce family drives home from a vacation trip. This table of values

shows the relationship between the number of gallons, g, of gasoline

their car uses and the distance in miles, d, the car is from home.

d
1 144

2 124

3 104

4 84

5 64

Write an equation using g and d to represent the data in the table.

Then write the equation in function notation.

d(g)=-20g+-64
Answer

UNIT 5
90 Functions
@The Continental Press, Inc. DUPLICATING THIS MATERIAL IS ILLEGAL.
 Read the problem. Write your answer to each part.

8 This function table shows the relationship between the number of

hours, h, an auto mechanic works to repair a car and the total cost, C,

in dollars, the mechanic charges.

h
1 110 +60
2 170

3 230

4 290

Part A Write an equation that models this relationship. By what

Explain how you found your answer. amount does C
increase for every
c=60h-50
increase of 1 in h?
I found my answer by solving for M and then I took 110-60 to get my y What does this
intercept tell you about the
function rule?

Part B What is the value of C, in dollars, when h = 2—? Explain

how you know.

c=60x2.25x50 c=185

UNIT 5
Functions
01he Continental Press, DUPLICATING THIS MATERIAL ILLEGAL.