Glossary

Terms and Abbreviations

XMC20 in Mission Critical Networks

XMC20 R6B
XMC20
Glossary

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Document PEC EN/LZTBU 222 210/3 RB

Document release XMC20 R6B | 15 December 2015

Published by KEYMILE
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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
Terms and Abbreviations

1 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary

3DES Triple DES or TDES; A block cipher formed from the DES cipher by us-
ing it three times.
A Port Access Bridge Port; Ethernet port configured as access bridge port.
Ethernet traffic is not VLAN tagged.
AAA Authentication, Authorisation, Accounting; Authentication refers to the
process of establishing the digital identity of a client to a server. Autho-
rization refers to the granting of specific types of privileges to a user.
Accounting refers to the tracking of the consumption of network re-
sources.
abcd Control bits transported via the channel associated signalling (CAS).
AC Accessory; Extension of the short name describing the category of the
short named item.
AC Attachment Circuit; The physical or virtual circuit attaching a CE to a
PE. In case of the CEOP1, the AC is an unstructured P12 signal con-
nected to a physical circuit located on the same or another service unit
inside XMC20.
ADF Application Definition File (xml formatted) that describes the data struc-
ture of the corresponding unit ESW.
AES Advanced Encryption Standard; A block cipher adopted as an encryp-
tion standard.
AF Assured Forwarding
AH Authentication Header; Intended to guarantee connectionless integrity
and data origin authentication of IP datagrams.
AIS Alarm Indication Signal; An all ones signal sent down or up stream by
a device when it detects an error condition or receives an error condi-
tion or receives an error notification from another unit in the transmis-
sion path.
ANSam Answer tone, amplitude modified
AP Access Point; Addressable part of a managed object, e.g. a port.
APC Angled Physical Contact
APS Automatic Protection Switching; Protects section or trails/paths in the
network by switching traffic to a protecting section/trail in case of failure
of the active section/trail.
ARP Address Resolution Protocol; IP protocol used to translate IP address-
es into Ethernet addresses.
ASD Acceleration Spectral Density

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
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ASN Autonomous System Number

BBE Background Block Error
BE Best Effort
BER Bit Error Ratio; A measure of transmission quality. It is generally shown
as a negative exponent, (e.g., 10-7 which means 1 out of 1E+7 bits are
in error or 1 out of 10,000,000 bits are in error).
BERT Bit Error Rate Test
BFD Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
BHCA Busy Hour Call Attempt; Conventionally, the capacity of a telephone
switching system is measured by the maximum number of call attempts
per hour (during busy hour of the day) that can be handled by the sys-
tem. This measure is referred to as BHCA.
BK Background traffic
BMC Best Master Clock
BNG Broadband Network Gateway
BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Units; A message type used by bridges to ex-
change management and control information.
Bridging (bridge) The terms «bridging» and «switching» are used as synonyms.
CAM Content Addressable Memory
CAS Channel Associated Signalling; A form of circuit state signalling in
which the circuit state is indicated by one or more bits of signalling sta-
tus sent repetitively and associated with that specific circuit.
CAT Category
CBN Common Bonding Networks
CBUS KEYMILE proprietary bus system for control, timing and powering
CC Continuity Check
CCM Continuity Check Message
CDN Coupling Decoupling Network
CE Customer Equipment
CED Called terminal identification
CES Circuit Emulation Service
CESoETH Circuit Emulation Service over Ethernet
CESoP Circuit Emulation Service over Packet
CESoPSN Circuit Emulation Service over Packet Switched Network
CET Circuit Emulation Timing
Chassis switch Centralized Ethernet switching function within the XMC20.
CL Controlled Load

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
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CLI Command Line Interface

CNG Comfort Noise Generation; Complementary to the transmit-side VAD,
a comfort noise generator (CNG) is a receive-side device. A CNG gen-
erates a local noise signal that it presents to the listener during silent
periods.
CNR Complex Node Representation; A collection of nodal state parameters
that provide detailed state information associated with a logical node.
COGE5 Core Unit for XMC25 or XMC23.
COGE5-F Core Unit for fanless operation with XMC25 or XMC23.
COOL4 Fan unit for XMC25.
COOL6 Fan unit for XMC23.
COOL8 Fan unit for XMC22.
CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture
CoS Class of Service; Tagging system on Ethernet frames which allows to
differentiate class of services. IEEE 802.1p
CPE Customer Premises Equipment; General term for equipment at the cus-
tomer site, including xDSL modems or home gateways.
CPS Custom Parameter Set
CPU Central Processing Unit
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check; A mathematical algorithm that computes a
numerical value based on the bits in a block of data. This number is
transmitted with the data and the receiver uses this information and the
same algorithm to insure the accurate delivery of data.
CS Class Selector
CTP Connection Termination Point
CU Core Unit; (COGE1 in XMC25 or XMC23)
CV Continuity Verification
C-VLAN Customer VLAN
CVP Customer VLAN Port+
CW Control Word
CWDM Coarse Wave Division Multiplexing; Coarse Wave Division Multiplexing
combines up to 16 wavelengths onto a single fibre. CWDM technology
uses an ITU standard 20nm spacing between the wavelengths, from
1310nm to 1610nm.
DB DataBase
DCC Data Communication Channel
DCE Data Circuit-terminating Equipment
DCN Data Communication Network

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
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DDM Digital Diagnostics Mode; This allows the user to monitor real-time pa-
rameters of the SFP or Bidi-SFP modules.
DES Data Encryption Standard; A method for encrypting information (also
called a cipher)
DIN German Institute for Standardization
DNS Domain Name System
Downstream The direction from the trunk port (of the core unit) towards the subscrib-
er, or towards a subtending node.
DSA Digital Signature Algorithm; A Federal Information Processing Stan-
dard (FIPS) for digital signatures
DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point
DSL Digital Subscriber Line; Digital Subscriber Line, may stand for ADSL,
ADSL2, ADSL2+, SHDSL, or VDSL2.
DSS2 Digital Subscriber Signalling System No. 2; B-ISDN UNI Signalling
DTE Data Terminal Equipment
DTM Desktop Modular
DTMF Dual Tone Multi-Frequency
DXC Digital Cross Connect
E, M or E1, M1 E&M signalling interface number 1
E’, M’ or E2, M2 E&M signalling interface number 2
E0 64 kbit/s physical signal according to ITU-T G.703
E1 2048 kbit/s signal interface according to ITU-T G.703
EA Element Agent; Part of the EM communicates with the individual NEs
on one side and with the active GUIs and CLIs on the other side.
EB Engineering Bulletin
EB Errored Block; A block of data with one or more bit errors.
EC Echo Canceller
ECC Embedded Communication Channel; System integrated data channel
for the management communication of the XMC20.
ECST XMC20 Local Craft Terminal (GUI).
ED Cover Extended Depth Cover for XMC20 subracks; An extended depth front
cover is required for the operation of units with electrical or optical
Ethernet ports.
EE Excellent Effort
EF Expedited Forwarding
EISS Enhanced Internal Sublayer Service; (see ISS), used by VLAN-aware
nodes. This is the normal case in networks where XMC20 is operated.

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
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EM Element Manager
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EN European Norm
EoS Ethernet over SDH
EPL Ethernet Private Line
EQP Equipment Protection; Feature that allows a HW redundancy by using
two units of the same type.
ERP Ethernet Ring Protection
ERPS Ethernet Ring Protection Switching
ES Errored Second; Second with one or more EBs.
ESD Electrostatic Discharge
ESMC Ethernet Synchronisation Messaging Channel
ESP Encapsulating Security Payload; Provides origin authenticity, integrity,
and confidentiality protection of IP datagrams.
ESW Embedded Software; Application software that is downloaded and runs
on XMC20 core units or service units.
ETAG1 Functional unit of XMC20, Ethernet aggregation unit.
ETE24 Ethernet Switching unit with 24 electrical ports.
Eth Ethernet
ETO12 Ethernet Switching unit with 12 electrical/optical ports.
ETO12-F Ethernet Switching unit with 12 electrical/optical ports, fan-less opera-
tion.
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
EVC Ethernet Virtual Connection; As defined in the Metro Ethernet Forum
specification 10.1.
EVPL Ethernet Virtual Private Line
EXP Experimental bits in the MPLS header
FCS Frame Check Sequence; Any mathematical formula which derives a
numeric value based on the bit pattern of a transmitted block of infor-
mation and uses that value at the receiving end to determine the exis-
tence of any transmission errors.
FDB Filtering Database
FDB Forwarding DataBase
FE Fast Ethernet
FEXT Far End Cross Talk
FIFO First In First Out; Memory type
FPE Functional Protective Earth

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
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FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name

FSK Frequency Shift Keying; FSK is a modulation technique used by mo-
dems in which two different frequencies in the carrier signal are used to
represent the binary states of 0 and 1.
FTP File Transfer Protocol
FU Function Unit; Extension of the short name describing the category of
the short named item.
FV Software Full Version; Extension of the short name describing the cat-
egory of the short named item.
FXO Foreign Exchange Office; Analogue voice interface pointing to the of-
fice (e.g. local exchange).
FXS Foreign Exchange Subscriber; Analogue voice interface pointing to the
subscriber (e.g. telephone set).
G-Ach Generic associated Channnel
GAL G-Ach Label
GbE Gigabit Ethernet
GFP Generic Framing Procedure
GPON Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Network
GPS Global Positioning System
GUI Graphical User interface
GW Gateway
HDLC High-Level Data Link Control; An ITU-T link layer protocol standard for
point-to-point and multi-point communications.
HF High Frequency
HP Horizontal Pitch; = 5.08 mm
HTTP Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol
HU Height Unit; Corresponds to 44.45 mm. Basic measure used with the
19-inch construction practice.
HW Hardware; In the Letter of Limitations tables the "embedded software"
(ESW) and the "hardware" (HW) items are specified in the same col-
umn. For the clear distinctions from ESW the hardware is specified in
brackets [HW].
IC Internal Communication
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol; Integrated part of the IP suite, used
to announce network errors or network congestion and for some net-
work management commands e.g. “ping”.
ICN Internal Communication Network
ID Identifier

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
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IE Information Element; Used in the V5 context for the standardised de-

scription of V5 features.
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers; A worldwide engineer-
ing publishing and standards-making body for the electronics industry.
IF Interface
IFP Internet Facsimile Protocol; Fax data format (control and image) ac-
cording to ITU-T, T.38.
INP Impulse Noise Protection
IP Internet Protocol
IPCP Internet Protocol Control Protocol
IPoE IP over Ethernet
IPSec IP Security
IPTV Internet Protocol based Television; Stands for TV programmes that are
distributed over the Internet using the IP protocol.
IPv4/6 Internet Protocol version 4 or 6
ISDN-BA ISDN Basic rate Access
ITU International Telecommunication Union
IVL Independent VLAN Learning; In a bridged VLAN, MAC address learn-
ing is performed individually for each VLAN.
JB Jitter Buffer
L Live conductor
L2 Layer 2
LACP Link Aggregation Control Protocol; According to IEEE 802.3ad; used to
bundle several physical ports together to form one logical port.
LAG Link Aggregation Group
LAN Local Area Network
LAPD Link Access Procedure on the D channel; A layer 2 protocol defined by
ITU-T Q.920. This protocol reliably transfers blocks of information
across a single Layer 1 link and supports multiplexing of different con-
nections at Layer 2. LAPD according to ITU-T, Q.921 is e.g. used with
ISDN BA (D-channbel).
LC Local Connector; A fibre optical connector type
LCAS Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme; Protocol that allows bandwidth to
be added or removed to a Virtual Concatenated Group (VCG) from the
management system. ITU-T G.7042.
LCR Local Call Routing
LE Local Exchange; The local exchange provides the analogue telephone
and ISDN services.

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
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LED Light Emitting Diode

LER Label Edge Router
LoL Letter of Limitations; Description of the known limitations of functions
and features.
LOS Loss of Signal; A condition at the receiver or a maintenance signal
transmitted in the PHY overhead indicating that the receiving equip-
ment has lost the received signal. This is used to monitor the perfor-
mance of the PHY layer.
LPS Linear Protection Switching
LSA Link State Advertisement; Packet containing information about each of
the links to its neighbours to every other router.
LSP Label Switched Path
LSR Label Switch Router
LT Line Termination
LTP Linear trail protection
MAC Media Access Control
MAU Media Attachment Unit
MCAS Mercury Channel Associated Signalling
MDF Main Distribution Frame
MDI Medium Dependent Interface
MDI-X MDI-Crossed
MEF Metro Ethernet Forum; A non-profit organization chartered with the
mission of accelerating Worldwide Adoption of Carrier class Ethernet
Networks and Services.
MEG Maintenance Entity Group
MEGACO Media Gateway Control protocol
MEL Mercury Exchange Limited
MEL Maintenance Entity Level
MEP Maintenance association End Point; An end point of a single MA, and
an end point of a separate ME for each of the other MEPs in the same
MA. It is an actively managed CFM entity, associated with a specific
SAP of a service instance.
MF Management Function; Predefined category of management opera-
tions, e.g. configuration, status, etc
MF Multi-Frame
MIB Management Information Base
MIP MEG Intermediate Point
MLPPP Multi-Link PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol)

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
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MO Managed Object; Management view of a resource of the NE.

MOM Managed Object Model
MP2MP Multipoint-to-multipoint application
MPLS Multi Protocol Label Switching
MPLS-TP MPLS Transport Profile
MSA Multi Source Agreement
MSN Multiple Subscriber Numbers
MSP Multiplex Section Protection
MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol
MTIE Maximum Time Interval Error
MTTF Mean Time To Failure
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit; Maximum size of a data packet (number
of octets) that is allowed for the medium (network).
N Neutral conductor
N. A. (or n. a. or NA) Not applicable (or not available)
NBI Northbound Interface; An interface of a management system to a high-
er level management system.
NC Network Control
NCI Non CRC4 Interworking
NE Network Element; Generic term for managed elements in a network.
Example: XMC25
NEM Network Element Manager
NGN Next Generation Network; The NGN architecture separates the control,
media and transport mechanism in the networks. Media Gateway Con-
troller (MGC) and Media Gateways (MG) are two important elements in
providing voice delivery in NGN.
NIF Nodal Interworking Function
NLP Non-Linear Processor
NMS Network management system; Common term which refers to the man-
agement platform to control and manage complete networks. Commu-
nication with the NE is based on telnet or SSH.
NR No Request
NT Network Termination; Network Termination represents the termination
point of a Virtual Channel, Virtual Path, or Virtual Path/Virtual Channel
at the UNI.
NT1 Network Termination 1
NTP Network Time Protocol

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
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NTU Network Termination Unit

NUSA1 STM-16 SDH transport unit for TDM and Ethernet traffic of XMC20. The
term NUSA1 is used to name the NUSA1 and NUSA1-F. Where certain
features or characteristics apply to the NUSA1-F only, the NUSA1-F is
named explicitly.
NUSA1-F Service unit NUSA1-F of XMC20. NUSA1-F is functionally identical to
the NUSA1 unit, but can be deployed in XMC20 subracks with passive
cooling. Where certain features or characteristics apply to the NUSA1-
F only, the NUSA1-F is named explicitly.
OAM Operation, Administration, and Maintenance; A group of network man-
agement functions that provide network fault indication, performance
information, and data and diagnosis functions.
ODN Optical Distribution Network
OID (SNMP) Object Identifier; Object identifiers uniquely identify managed
objects in an MIB hierarchy. An address used to identify devices and
their status.
OLT Optical Line Termination
ONT Optical Network Termination
ONU Optical Network Termination
OS Operating System; Operating system (and version) required to run the
specified application software. The application software is released for
the specified OS(s) only.
OSPF Open Shortest Path First; A link-state routing algorithm that is used to
calculate routes based on the number of routers, transmission speed,
delays and route cost.
OSS Operation Support System
Oversampling In the oversampling transmission mode, the DCE signal is sampled
with a fixed timing signal. The fixed timing signal should have a fre-
quency at least three times higher than the user data rate.
P0 Logical layer of the 64 kbit/s traffic signal
P0-nc n concatenated P0 time slots preserving time slot sequence integrity
P12 Logical layer of the 2048 kbit/s traffic signal with or without a structure
according to ITU-T G.704
P2MP Point-to-multipoint application with one master DTE and several slave
DTEs
P2P Point-to-point application
PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange; A subscriber-owned telecommu-
nications exchange that usually includes access to the PSTN.
PAM Phase Amplitude Modulation
PBUS PDH bus in XMC20

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PBX Private Branch Exchange; The term given to a device which provides
private local voice switching and voice-related services within the pri-
vate network.
PCB Printed Circuit Board
PCM Pulse Code Modulation; An audio encoding algorithm which encodes
the amplitude of a repetitive series of audio samples. This encoding al-
gorithm converts analogue voice samples into a digital bit stream.
PCP Priority Code Point
PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy; Developed to carry digitised voice
over twisted pair cabling more efficiently. This evolved in Digital Hierar-
chies with only a discrete set of fixed rates available, namely, nxDS0
(DS0 is a 64 kbps rate) and the next levels in the multiplex hierarchies.
PDU Protocol Data Unit; Structured information that is delivered as a unit be-
tween peer entities of a network.
PE Provider Edge; A device that provides PWE3 to a CE.
PE Protective Earth
PEC Product Engineering Code; The KEYMILE Product Engineering Code
technically identifies and describes the product, its state and evolution.
The PEC cannot be used for ordering or other commercial purposes.
PETS Plesiochronous Equipment Timing Source; Timing system for PDH traf-
fic signals and equipment.
PHB Per Hop Behaviour
PHY Physical Layer
PLC Packet Loss Concealment
PLL Phase Locked Loop; Phase Lock Loop is a mechanism whereby timing
information is transferred within a data stream and the receiver derives
the signal element timing by locking its local clock source to the re-
ceived timing information.
PM Performance Management
PoE Power over Ethernet; Provisioning of power for (remote) units via elec-
trical Ethernet interfaces (IEEE 802.3af).
POTS Plain Old Telephone System
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
PRC Primary Reference Clock
Priority One of the IEEE 802.1p priorities: (0) Best Effort, (1) Background, (2)
Spare, (3) Excellent Effort, (4) Controlled Load, (5) Video, (6) Voice, (7)
Network Control
PSC PHB Scheduling Class

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PSC Protection State Coordination; Protocol used for protection switching

with MPLS-TP.
PSN Packet Switched Network; Within the context of PWE3, this is a net-
work using IP or MPLS as the mechanism for packet forwarding.
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PTP Precision Time Protocol (IEEE 1588)
PVID Port VLAN Identifier
PW Pseudo Wire; A mechanism that carries the essential elements of an
emulated service from one Provider Edge to one or more other Provid-
er Edges over a Packet Switched Network.
PWAC Pseudo Wire Attachment Circuit
PWE3 Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge to Edge; A mechanism that emulates the
essential attributes of service (such as a T1 leased line or Frame Relay)
over a PSN.
Q-in-Q Queue in Queue; VLAN Tag stacking, 802.1Q that allows providing ex-
tra information (Protocol/type, VLAN priority/tag, etc.) into the frame
header.
QL Quality Level; 4-bit code (SSM) indicating the “quality level” of the sig-
nal provided for synchronisation use.
QoS Quality of Service
QSFP Quad Small Form Factor; QSFP is a compact hot-pluggable transceiv-
er used for data communications applications.
RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Service; RADIUS is an AAA proto-
col for controlling access to network resources
R-APS Ring Automated Protection Switching
RB RPL Blocked
RDI Remote Defect Indication
Receive direction Direction from the DCE interface towards the DTE.
Ref. Reference; Normally a reference to an XMC20 system release.
REIN Repetitive Electrical Impulse Noise
Rel. Release; Release (version).
RFI Radio Frequency Interference
RIP Routing Information Protocol
RMON Remote Monitoring
RoHS Restriction of the use of Hazardous Substances
RPF Reference Publication Format; The RPF notification for NSAP address-
es is specified in the ITU-T standard X.213 and represents the NSAP
addresses in the format IDP + DSP.
RPL Ring Protection Link

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
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RS-232 Recommended Standard 232

RSA Named after the three developers Rivest, Shamir, Adleman. An algo-
rithm for public-key cryptography, suitable for signing as well as en-
cryption
RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol
RTP Real-Time Protocol
S12 Logical layer of the VC-12 traffic signal. A VC-12 has a transport capac-
ity of 2’176 kbit/s.
S3 Logical layer of the VC-3 traffic signal. A VC-3 has a transport capacity
of 48’384 kbit/s.
S4 Logical layer of the VC-4 traffic signal. A VC-4 has a transport capacity
of 149’760 kbit/s.
SAToP Structure-Agnostic Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) over Packet
SAToPSN Structure Agnostic TDM over Packet Switched Network
SATP8 E1 circuit emulation service unit of XMC20
SD Signal Degrade
SD Cover Standard Depth Cover; Standard Depth Cover for XMC20 subrack
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy; The ITU-T International standard for
transmitting information over optical fibre.
SDP Session Description Protocol
SDSL8 TDM SHDSL line card of XMC20.
SE Set; Extension of the short name describing the category of the short
named item.
SEC SDH Equipment Clock
SELI8 E1 line card of XMC20
SELT Single Ended Line Test
SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage
SES Severely Errored Seconds
SETG Synchronous Equipment Timing Generator
SETS Synchronous Equipment Timing Source
SF Signal Fail
SFF Small Form Factor
SFP Small Form factor Pluggable
SHDSL Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line
SHINE Single High Impulse Noise Event

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SID Silence Insertion Descriptor

SIGTRAN Signalling Transport
SIP Session Initiation Protocol
SMI Structure of Managed Information; Represents the notation by which
an SNMP MIB must be written, i.e. the grammar to write SNMP MIBs.
SNC Sub Network Connection
SNCP SNC Protection
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SNR Signal to Noise Ratio
SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol
SPQ Strict Priority Queuing
SPR Shared Protection Ring
SR [SR] System Release; Used in tables for the specification of XMC20 system
releases. In the LoL tables the items "ECST" and "system release" (SR)
are specified in the same column. For the clear distinction from ECST
the system release is quoted in square brackets [SR].
SRV Service
SS Silence Suppression
SS7 Signalling System No. 7; A family of signalling protocols originating
from narrowband telephony. They are used to set-up, manage and tear
down connections as well as to exchange non-connection associated
information.
SSH Secure Shell
SSI Synchronisation Status Indication; Indicates whether the data stream
can be used as timing source for synchronisation or not.
SSM Synchronization Status Message
STM Synchronous Transport Module
STM-1 155’520 kbit/s data signal with a structure according to ITU-T G.707
STM14 SDH transport unit for TDM and Ethernet traffic.
STM-16 2'488'320 kbit/s data signal with a structure according to ITU-T G.707
STM-4 622’080 kbit/s data signal with a structure according to ITU-T G.707
STP Spanning Tree Protocol
SU Service Unit; Category of XMC20 units that provides traffic services.
SUP12 Ethernet Switching Unit with 12 electrical ports supporting PoE
SUPM1 Service unit 16 port PSTN line card without ADSL filter.
SUPM2 Service unit 64 port PSTN line card without ADSL filter.
SVI Switch Virtual Interface

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SW Software
Switching (switch) The terms «bridging» and «switching» are used as synonyms.
SyncE Synchronous Ethernet
T Port Trunk Bridge Port; Ethernet port configured as trunk bridge port. Ether-
net traffic is VLAN tagged.
TA Terminal Adapter
TAI International Atomic Time
TAS TE Alert Signal
TC Traffic Class
TC Topology Change
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TCXO Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator
TDM Time Division Multiplex
TE Terminal Equipment
TNV1 Telephone Network Voltage hazard level 1
TNV2 Telephone Network Voltage hazard level 2
TNV3 Telephone Network Voltage hazard level 3
ToS Type of Service
Transmit direction Direction from the DTE towards the DCE interface.
TS Time Slot
TTI Trail Trace Identifier; Unique identifier assigned to a trail and carried by
the traffic signal.
TTL Time To Live
TUDA1 XMC20 Service Unit; TDM unit with 4 multiprotocol serial interfaces:
X.24/V.11, V.24/V.28; V.35; RS485 4-wire, RS485 2-wire - configu-
rable, point-to-point and (multi-) point-to-multipoint operation, one 10/
100 Base-T Ethernet interface.
TUEM1 XMC20 Service Unit; E&M Voice Frequency Interface Unit 8-ports, 2/4-
wire, voice conference
TUGE1 XMC20 Service Unit; TDM Unit 8-port 64kbit/s G.703 codirectional in-
terface line card
TUXA1 XMC20 Service Unit; POTS Foreign Exchange Office (FXO) Interface
Unit 12-ports, 2-wire analog
UAT Unavailable Time
UCST UMUX Configuration Software Tool; PC/computer based Element
Manager (EM) to manage the UMUX Nes of KEYMILE.

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UDP User Datagram Protocol; Part of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Provides a
means for applications to access the connectionless features of IP. Op-
erates at layer 4 of the OSI reference model and provides for the ex-
change of datagrams without acknowledgements or guaranteed
delivery.
UDPTL UDP Transport Layer; Facsimile UDP Transport Layer according to
ITU-T, T.38.
UMUX Universal Multiplexer, multi-service access node of KEYMILE
UNEM UMUX Network Element Manager
UNI User Network Interface; An interface point between ATM end users and
a private ATM switch, or between a private ATM switch and the public
carrier ATM network; defined by physical and protocol specifications
per ATM Forum UNI documents.
Upstream The direction from the subscriber, or from a subtending node towards
the trunk port (of the core unit) and further towards the backbone net-
work.
URI Uniform Resource Identifier
USB Universal Serial Bus
UTC Coordinated Universal Time, Universal Time Coordinated
UTF Power Supply Voltage Filtered
UTP Unshielded twisted pair
V5CAS V5CAS is a proprietary CAS signalling code which is an extension of
MCAS (Mercury CAS) and carries out of band PSTN signalling.
VAD Voice Activity Detection; VAD allows a data network carrying voice traf-
fic over a packet network to detect the absence of audio and conserve
bandwidth by preventing the transmission of "silent packets" over the
network.
VBD Voice Band Data
Vcon Voice conferencing
VDSL Very high speed DSL
VDSL2 Very High speed Digital Subscriber Line transceivers 2
Ver. Version; Mainly used to describe the version of hardware components.
VI Video traffic
VID VLAN ID; A Virtual LAN identifier
VLAN Virtual LAN; Virtual Local Area Network
VLAN-ID VLAN IDentifier
VoIP Voice over IP; Stands for voice services that are delivered using the IP
protocol.
VOIP1 The high capacity SIP media gateway, a functional unit of XMC20.

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 Terms and Abbreviations Glossary Glossary
Terms and Abbreviations

VPLS Virtual Private LAN Service

VPN Virtual Private Network
VPWS Virtual Private Wire Service
VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
VSI Virtual Switch Interface
WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing
WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
WFQ Weighted Fair Queuing
WRR Weighted Round Robin
WTR Wait To Restore
xDSL All forms of DSL technology, e.g. ADSL or VDSL
XML Extensible Markup Language

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