Republic of the Philippines

NDC – Tagum Foundation, Inc.

College Department
Apokon Road, Tagum City

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MODULE 1
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In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for
EDD 12 – Good Manners and Right Conduct
Edukasyon sa Pagkatao

Submitted by:

CRISTY B. CALIBARAN
Student

Submitted to:

PROF. REMEDIOS C. MAGHANOY

Instructor

January 2021
 MODULE 1 - CONTENTS
THE ESSENCE AND NATURE OF VALUES
LESSON 1
a. THE ESSENCE OF VALUES
b. PHENOMENOLOGY OF MORAL VALUES
c. CHARACTERISTICS OF MORAL VALUES
d. METHAPHYSICS OF MORAL VALUES
e. KNOWLEDGE OF VALUES
f. MORAL VALUES
g. PERSONAL VALUES
h. THE VALUE OF THE HOLY
Activity:
Make a graph representing values.
Analysis:
A. THE ESSENCE OF VALUES
It teaches them the best way to live that can be beneficial to individuals as well
as the people around them. Value education also helps the students to
become more and more responsible and sensible. It helps them to understand
the perspective of life in a better way and lead a successful life as a
responsible citizen.

B. PHENOMONOLOGY OF MORAL VALUES

Moral phenomenology is concerned with the elements of
one's moral experiences that are generally available to introspection.

C. CHARACTERISTICS OF MORAL VALUES

Integrity: sticking to your moral and ethical principles and values. Kindness:
being considerate and treating others well. Perseverance: persisting in a
course of action, belief or purpose. Politeness: using good manners, acting in
socially acceptable ways.

D. METAPHYSICS OF MORAL VALUES

Kant proceeds to motivate the need for the special sort of inquiry he calls
a metaphysics of morals: “That there must be such a philosophy is evident
from the common idea of duty and of moral laws.” The moral law must “carry
with it absolute necessity.”

E. KNOWLEDGE OF VALUES
Knowing is the most general factive mental state of which perceiving is a
species. Knowledge is valuable because we value a match between mind and
world. Since knowledge is not decomposable, we need not explain
why knowledge is more valuable than mere true belief, or more valuable than
justified true belief.
F. MORAL VALUES
Morals in literary works usually reflect truth values according to the author's
view, and that is what it is delivered to the reader. ... In addition, moral of the
story is a ”clue” that the author deliberately delivers about various things
related to life issues, such as attitude, behavior, and sociable manners.
G. PERSONAL VALUES
Personal Values are “broad desirable goals that motivate people's actions and
serve as guiding principles in their lives” Personal values are desirable to an
individual and represent what is important to someone.
H. THE VALUE OF THE HOLY
 Value of the Holy Refers to the sacred and hallowed beliefs, some things which
are the objects of worship or veneration. Holy meant the divine or that which
has sanctity directly from the absolute sphere. ... Personal value Refers to
one's own individual and exclusive value.

ABSTRACTION:
These are the explanation upon each of the nature of values.
Nature of Values Descriptions/Explanations
Value-based education is an approach to
teaching that goes hand-in-hand with values.
At Vedaant Vidhyakulum School
Indore, the best boarding school in Indore,
we strive to create a healthy learning
environment that raises the levels of
academic accomplishment.  We focus on
instilling in students the basic values of life.
Just to cite a few examples:
 Individual values for perfect personality
development.

A. THE ESSENCE OF  Social values to develop students as

socially responsible citizens,
VALUES understanding their rights and duties
towards society and the country.
 Values of relationship – respect,
maintain and strengthen personal, social,
friendly and family relationships.
 Be secular. Follow your faith, but
respect other religions. Refrain from
being communal which destroys the
harmony and divides society.
 Gender equality. No discrimination on
the basis of gender. We groom our girl
students to become confident and
independent individuals. Similarly we train
 our boy students to respect girls.
 Practical and relevant application of
information technology. To be aware and
updated on the technological
advancement in all fields is important.
Nevertheless, we advise students to
restrict usage of internet, mobile phone
and social media. Use them when
necessary to enhance value. Beware of
the negative impacts.

Phenomenological rigor must be maintained;

the philosopher cannot speak with any
certainty about the structures embedded in
various particular values without knowing in
advance what values are in general. It is the
latter task that, if I have been successful, has
B. PHENOMONOLOGY been accomplished in this dissertation. It has
OF MORAL VALUES been well worth the effort, and it is to be
hoped that this project will lead to future
investigations into the givenness of values in
a more specific way. Like values themselves,
phenomenology always leads its adherents
onwards toward greater and greater
possibilities.

Ways to Inculcate Moral Values in Your Kids

1. Practice What You Preach

Children learn from the people around them,

so in order to teach your kids good values,
C. CHARACTERISTICS you must model them in your life, first. You
OF MORAL VALUES may verbally explain numerous values, but
your kid will only pick up the ones you
showcase through your own behaviour.

2. Narrate Personal Experiences

Personal experiences are like stories, and all

kids love hearing stories. Share stories from
your own life, where abiding by a moral value
had a positive experience in your life, and
 your child is bound to understand better.

3. Reward Good Behavior

Come up with a system, where you reward

your child for using these values in his/her life.
Praise and rewards are positive reinforcement
that works incredibly well in shaping children.

4. Communicate Effectively

Converse with your child, each day, about

how these moral values work in day to day
life. For example, you can discuss an article in
the newspaper and ask your child what
he/she would have done in the same
situation.

5. Monitor Television and Internet Use

There’s no escape from the television and

internet, but you can definitely monitor what
your child watches. Make sure the show
promotes good values and morals, and is
appropriate for his/her age.

D. METAPHYSICS OF Metaphysics is about principles of action and

MORAL VALUES the earlier works put forward (various versions
of) the principle of justification of principles of
action (i.e. the categorical imperative), the
crucial question for an adequate
understanding of Kant’s practical philosophy
is about the relationship between the
principles of right and virtue and the
categorical imperative. First, an interpreter
needs to be clear whether the fundamental
principles of right and virtue are derived from
or justified by the imperative; or whether they
are, or can be seen as, relatively independent
from it. Secondly, a related question concerns
the role of the imperative in Kant’s practical
philosophy as a whole. According to the
 textbook interpretation, Kant believed that the
imperative can by itself answer all central
questions about morals. The Metaphysics, by
contrast, suggests that the imperative is one,
although central, among many elements of
moral thinking.
E. KNOWLEDGE OF Values are learned throughout the life cycle.
VALUES In early childhood value learning is
influenced by a process of interpersonal
identification with the parents. Parents’
behavior toward each other and interaction
with children represents certain values by
explicit or implicit way. Parents tell children
what is right and what is wrong, but also give
example of the behavior directed to solve
everyday problems.
F. MORAL VALUES
Acceptance: welcoming others whose ideas
and practices differ from your own

 Compassion: understanding the suffering of

others or self and wanting to do something
about it
 Cooperation: helping your family and
friends, returning favors
 Courage: willingness to do difficult things
 Equality: believing everyone deserves
equal rights and to be treated with respect
 Fairness: acting in a just way, sharing
appropriately
 Generosity: willingness to give resources,
help or time to others
 Gratitude: showing appreciation to others,
letting loved ones know what you appreciate
about them
 Honesty: being truthful and sincere
 Integrity: sticking to your moral and ethical
principles and values
 Kindness: being considerate and treating
others well
 Perseverance: persisting in a course of
action, belief or purpose
 Politeness: using good manners, acting in
socially acceptable ways
 Respect: showing consideration for the
worth of someone or something
  Responsibility: being reliable in your
obligations
 Self-control: staying in control of your
words and behavior
 Tolerance: having a fair and objective
attitude towards different opinions, beliefs or
practices
 Trustworthy: reliably doing what is right
even when it is difficult, being true to your
word
G. PERSONAL VALUES Personal values are the things that are
important to us, the characteristics and
behaviors that motivate us and guide our
decisions.

For example, maybe you value honesty. You

believe in being honest wherever possible
and you think it’s important to say what you
really think. When you don’t speak your mind,
you probably feel disappointed in yourself.

Or maybe you value kindness. You jump at

the chance to help other people, and you’re
generous in giving your time and resources to
worthy causes or to friends and family.

Those are just two examples of personal

values out of many. Everyone has their own
personal values, and they can be quite
different. Some people are competitive, while
others value cooperation. Some people value
adventure, while others prefer security.

Values matter because you’re likely to feel

better if you’re living according to your values
and to feel worse if you don’t. This applies
both to day-to-day decisions and to larger life
choices.

H. THE VALUE OF THE Value of the Holy Refers to the sacred and
HOLY hallowed beliefs, some things which are the
objects of worship or veneration. Holy meant
the divine or that which has sanctity directly
from the absolute sphere.

Value of the Holy Examples are:

1.value of cult
2.Value of religion
3.Value of worship
4.Value of sacrament
5.Value of prayer
6.Value of rosary
7.Value of the mass
8.Value of the church
Application:
Reflection/Generalization:
Values are basic and fundamental beliefs that guide or motivate attitudes or
actions. They help us to determine what is important to us. Values describe the
personal qualities we choose to embody to guide our actions; the sort of person we
want to be; the manner in which we treat ourselves and others, and our interaction with
the world around us. They provide the general guidelines for conduct.

Values in a narrow sense is that which is good, desirable, or worthwhile. Values

are the motive behind purposeful action. They are the ends to which we act and come in
many forms. Personal values are personal beliefs about right and wrong and may or
may not be considered moral. Cultural values are values accepted by religions or
societies and reflect what is important in each context.

Values are essential to ethics. Ethics is concerned with human actions, and the
choice of those actions. Ethics evaluates those actions, and the values that underlie
them. It determines which values should be pursued, and which shouldn't. Those who
value courage are willing to stand up for what they believe, even in the face of strong
condemnation. Courage is a moral value when it deals with right and wrong conduct.

Value specifies a relationship between a person and a goal. It is relational in the

sense that what one person values may not be what another person values even in the
same situation. For example, a person who values honesty might blow the whistle on
financial wrongdoing by a superior whereas another person who values loyalty may
remain silent. This is an example of values conflict. The honest person may believe
there are limits to loyalty and keeping quiet about a wrongful act out of loyalty might
harm others. The loyal person may believe in the importance of keeping one’s
confidence even if it might harm others because of the trusting relationship.

Some values stand up well over the test of time; they are always good or rightful
behavior. Honesty and kindness are two such examples. It is difficult to imagine having
a satisfying relationship without them because they build trust in relationships. There
are always exceptions but they are rare. For example, if a criminal out to do harm to
your friend knocks on the door and asks whether you have seen the friend, you’re
probably not going to say yes and rationalize it out of a sense of honesty. Here, the
greater good, so to speak, is to protect your friend from harm.

I’m a proponent of virtue ethics because it holds that moral values can be turned
into excellences of character with practice and repetition. We become virtuous by being
virtuous. We use practical wisdom to make decisions about what virtuous behavior is. It
all makes sense -- at least to me.

From a virtue perspective, it is most important to distinguish intrinsic from

extrinsic value. Intrinsic value is something that has value in its own right, such as
honesty and kindness, whereas extrinsic value is doing something for another reason
(i.e., wealth and fame).