Do you know…?

1
a Do you know these tenses? Match the 3
a Complete the mind maps with words from the
sentences (1–7) with the tenses (a–g). box.
1 I’ve lived here since I was a child.
2 She’s studying French at the Sorbonne. beach coffee colleague daughter

Friends
doorbell hall husband island potato
3 We left the office at about 7:00 p.m.
roof sightseeing stepmother tourist
4 I’d already eaten lunch so I wasn’t hungry.
vacuum cleaner vegetable yoghurt
5 He was playing his guitar when the string broke.
6 I’m leaving the company in July.
7 I write about fifteen emails a day.

a Present Simple travel food and drink home relationships

b Present Continuous (for ongoing actions)
c Present Continuous (for future actions)
d Present Perfect
e Past Simple
f Past Continuous
g Past Perfect

b Complete the sentences with the tenses (a–g)

from exercise 1a.
1 We use the _____ to describe something that b Underline any /ə/ sounds in the words in
started and finished in the past. exercise 3a.
2 We use the _____ to describe a future plan. c Add some more words to each mind map.
3 We use the _____ to describe something that
started in the past and continues in the present.
4
a Complete the table with the correct verbs,

1
4 We use the _____ to describe something that is a nouns and adjectives.
state, habit or general truth.
5 We use the _____ to describe a temporary verb noun adjective
Lead-in
situation that is happening around now. educate (1) _________ educated 1
Work in pairs and look at the photos. What relationship do
6 We use the _____ to describe something that (2) _________ improvement improved you think the people in each photo might have?
happened before another event in the past. televise (3) _________ xxx
7 We use the _____ to describe something
govern (4) _________ xxx
2
Put the words in the box under these headings:
temporary that was in progress at a time in the (a) work/school, (b) family, (c) friends, (d) other. Can you add
past. xxx expense (5) _________ any more words under each heading?
xxx beauty (6) _________
2
Can you recognise the underlined parts of the attract attraction (7) _________ acquaintance best friend boss classmate close friend colleague
sentences? Label them with the headings in the (8) _________ application xxx ex-girlfriend father-in-law friend of a friend husband stepmother
box. stranger old friend team-mate
b Mark the main stress in the words in the table
idiom (x2) phrasal verb (x2) prefix (x2) in exercise 4a. How many syllables are there in
suffix (x2) each word? 3
Match the phrases in bold from A with the correct definition from B.

A B
1 The story was unbelievable! 5
Put the words in the correct order to make useful
1 I’m sorry you’re leaving. Let’s keep in touch. a not stay in contact
2 Can you give me a hand with this? phrases for the classroom.
2 We have the same sense of humour and like the b like to be with him/her
3 She grew up in Ecuador. 1 could/a/little,/speak/you/please/up ?
same jokes. c know him/her better
4 I’ve given up eating chocolate! 2 dictionary,/I/could/your/borrow ?
3 We’re both sporty. In fact, we have a lot in common. d find the same things funny
5 This meat is overcooked. 3 you/paper,/give/some/could/please/me ? 4 I hope we don’t lose touch when you move away. e like/enjoy the same things
6 Happiness is the most important thing. 4 these/down/words/write . 5 He’s really nice when you get to know him. f stop being friends
7 This is the poem that I learned by heart. 5 in/do/English/say/you/how/‘X’ ? 6 I really enjoy her company. g understand each other well
8 I was always useless at Maths. 6 mean/does/‘X’/what ? 7 They fell out over money and didn’t speak to each h stay in contact
7 and/the/between/what’s/‘X’/‘Y’/difference ? other for years.
8 you/again/say/can/that ? 8 We’re really on the same wavelength.
9 are/page/on/we/what ?

4
Look at the words from the box in exercise 2 and think of four people you
know. Work in pairs and describe your relationship with the people you chose.

6 7
 B
1.1 A lot in common? 1.1
Grammar auxiliary verbs (do, be, have)
Can do encourage further conversation by expressing interest in what is said
Grammar | auxiliary verbs (do, be, have) Pronunciation | intonation in
echo questions
A 5
a Look at the Active grammar box. Complete the example
sentences with an auxiliary verb. Make sure you use the 7
a Write echo questions for these
correct tense. sentences.
b 1.3  Listen and check your answers. I grew up in Peru.
Did you?
1 I live in a seven-bedroom house.
Active grammar 2 My boyfriend has travelled round
South America.
A Wh- questions
3 Next year I’m going to university.
1 A: How _______ you learn to do that?
4 Last year I won a medal for swimming.
B: Well, I started off …
5 I’m learning to drive at the moment.
B Yes/No questions 6 We both hate spaghetti.
C D E 7 They’ve just moved to Egypt.
2 _______ she have a telescope then?
3 _______ you been there? 8 He eats six eggs a day.

C Echo questions (to check understanding or show b 1.4  Listen and check your
interest) answers.
4 A: I’m quite good at juggling. c Listen again, and notice if the
B: _______ you? person asking the echo questions
sounds interested or not. What
D Negatives happens to the intonation when he
5 A: Can you juggle with plates? sounds interested?
B: No, I _______ think I could do that! d Work in pairs. Practise the
6 I _______ even been skiing! dialogues in exercise 7a. Try to show
that you are interested and encourage
E Short answers
your partner to say more.
7 A: Do you do it regularly?
A: I grew up in Peru.
B: No, I _______ .
B: Did you?
8 A: Have you been there?
A: Yes, my father was the ambassador
B: Yes, I _______ . to Peru.
9 A: Isn’t it terrifying?
Speaking and listening B: Yes, it _______ . That’s the whole point!
see Pronunciation bank page 164

1
Work in pairs. Match the hobbies (1–5) with the photos b Work in pairs. Choose five
(A–E). questions from exercise 2a and write Speaking
down what you think your partner’s see Reference page 19
1 snowkiting 3 juggling 5 sudoku 8
a You are going to try to find
2 t’ai chi 4 astronomy
answers will be. something in common with someone
c Ask your partner your questions.
6
Find and correct two mistakes in each dialogue. in the class you don’t know very well.
1 A: What subjects do you likes reading about?
2
a Complete the phrasal verbs in bold with the prepositions Were your ideas correct? First, complete the following sentence
from the box. B: Oh, I’m quite interested in sport. in different ways.
3
a 1.2  Listen to five dialogues about A: Do you? What sports you like? I’d like to find someone who …
about (x3) at for on (x2) in (x2) to the hobbies in the photos. Which B: Tennis and football, mainly. • writes poetry.
questions from exercise 2a do the 2 A: What do you worry about?
• is a really good cook.
1 What subjects do you like reading _______ ? speakers answer? B: I not worry much. I guess sometimes I worry about money.
2 What do you use the Internet _______ ? A: Does you? I do too.
b Ask your classmates questions to
b What were their answers? Write one
try and find someone for each of your
3 What activities and hobbies are you good _______ ? key word for each speaker. 3 A: Use you the Internet a lot?
sentences. Show your interest through
4 What do you spend too much time _______ ? B: No, not really. I not have time. Do you?
c Listen again and make notes about echo questions.
5 What do you worry _______ ? A: Yes, all the time.
the different hobbies. Then work in A: Do you write poetry?
6 What types of exercise are you keen _______ ? pairs and compare your notes. 4 A: Have you seen that film yet?
B: No, I don’t, but I do write novels.
7 What do you usually talk _______ with friends? B: No, I didn’t. What about you?
A: Do you? Have you had anything
8 What cultures are you interested _______ ? 4
Work in pairs. Do you do any of the A: Yes. I saw it last week.
published?
9 What clubs do you belong _______ ? activities in the photos? Do you have B: Was it any good?
10 How many languages are you fluent _______ ? any other unusual hobbies? A: Yes, it were.
8 9
1.1 1.2 How many friends?
Grammar Present Simple and Present Continuous
Can do start a conversation with a stranger

Listening Pronunciation | sounds and spelling: ea

1
a Work in pairs and discuss the 3
a 1.6 
Listen to the four ways in which ‘ea’ can be
questions. pronounced. Then put the adjectives from the box in the
1 Who do you consider to be your best correct column.
friend?
2 Where and when did you meet them? fearful jealous kind-hearted mean pleasant upbeat
3 What do you like about them?
4 How are they different from you? /i:/ /e/ /ɪə/ /a:/
b 1.5 
Listen to Pete answering the
same questions about his best friend,
and note down his answers. b 1.7  Listen and check your answers.
c Put more words that you know with ‘ea’ into the correct
Vocabulary | personality column.
see Pronunciation bank page 163
2
a Work in pairs. Complete the
definitions (1–10) with the adjectives
from the box. Speaking
dependable encouraging generous 4
a Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
jealous kind-hearted mean 1 When was the last time you made a new friend?
pleasant selfish sulky upbeat 2 How did you meet?

b Complete the How to… box with the headings below.

Reading and speaking
Not in my culture…
A/An ______ person …
• at a bus stop • at a party • on public transport
1 is friendly and well-behaved.
9
Work in pairs and discuss the 2 cares about you and wants to help
questions. you.
‘Ah, Kyle, gordita, como estas?’ (translation: ‘Ah, Kyle, How to… start a conversation with a
1 Look at the photos. What aspects of
fatty, how are you?’).’ 3 always does what you need them to. stranger
culture do they represent? 4 is unhappy if you have something
2 What are some typical features of
your culture?
3 How is your culture different from
T his is how my father-in-law would greet me every time
we went over to his house. At first, I thought I needed
to be on my best behaviour for my husband’s parents, so
they’d like themselves.
5 happily gives you whatever you need.
6 has a positive, optimistic attitude.
A ________ Cold today, isn’t it?
Excuse me, could you tell me the time?

B ________ Excuse me, is anyone sitting here?

other cultures you know about? How
I would just smile and nod, when really I felt furious as he 7 tries to give you the confidence to Is it always this crowded?
is it similar?
insulted me about my weight over and over again. succeed.
8 is angry and unhappy for long periods. C ________ So how do you know Jason? (the host)
10
a Work in pairs. You are each going to
9 thinks of themselves first. Have you tried this chicken? It’s delicious!
Finally, one day I’d had enough. When my father-in-law mentioned my
read about a cultural misunderstanding.
weight at the dinner table once again, in front of everybody, telling 10 doesn’t like giving anything away.
Student A: read the text on this page
and answer the questions below. me I looked ‘even fatter than normal’, I lost my temper, ‘Well, you b Choose three adjectives in exercise c Respond to each conversation starter in the table in
look older and more wrinkly than normal.’ Silence. I turned bright 2a which you think are most important exercise 4b.
1 What did Kyle’s father-in-law keep
doing? red as I realised I’d just said something truly offensive. Eventually in a good friend. Explain why. d Work in pairs. Choose a conversation starter and write a
2 How did she usually react? someone coughed politely and changed the subject. But, after dinner c Work in pairs. Tell your partner short conversation.
3 What happened when she got angry? my husband took me aside. ‘Why in the world would you insult my about a friend who one of the A: Have you tried this chicken? It’s delicious!
4 What did her husband explain? dad like that?!’ he asked. I told him, ‘I’ve had enough of the weight adjectives in exercise 2 describes. B: No, it looks good though. You should try some of the
comments, tell him to stop insulting me.’ And then my husband told Explain why. fish. I think Mary made it herself.
Student B: read the text and answer
me that in Chile, ‘gordita’ is a term of endearment and is only used When I lost my job last year, my friend
the questions on page 147.
lovingly. He also explained that it’s not at all impolite to bring up other Lucia was really encouraging. She kept
b Tell your partner about the story people’s weight loss/weight gain and that if people do, that just means telling me I would get a better job
you read and listen to your partner’s they care about you enough to notice. soon, and I have!
story. Ask questions about anything
you don’t understand. So I explained to my husband that telling someone they look fat/fatter
is one of the rudest things you can possibly do in my culture. Well, my
c Have you ever had a cultural
misunderstanding? Tell your partner husband had a little chat with my father-in-law and my size was never
what happened. mentioned again.
10 11
1.2 1.2

How many friends should you have?

7
Read the comments below from a website. Then work in pairs 10
Put the verbs in brackets into the
and discuss which opinions you agree or disagree with. correct form of the Present Simple
or Present Continuous.
know.
ne ‘friend’ who I didn’t already
I would never accept an onli never met ?
1 _____ (you/read) that book? Can
someone you ’ve
How can you be friends with I see it?
Sylwia, UK 2 Sasha _____ (not/work) on
to
my lunchbreak – and I wanted Tuesdays, so she’s at home now.
I’m reading this at work – it’s let you go on
most companies won’t
comment about the fact that time . I don ’t thin k 3 I’m so tired. I _____ (need) a
k, even in your own
Facebook while you’re at wor icat e with my frien ds. holiday!
n way I com mun
it’s fair because this is the mai 4 That looks hard. ______ (you/
Jon, UK want) any help?
just be
dreds of friends online must
I think people who have hun 5 I’m afraid we ______ (not/have)
ing for attention.
really self-obsessed and look any tea because I always drink
Rui, Portugal coffee.
6 Where ______ (you/live) at the
moment?
8
Work in pairs. How many friends do you think is the ‘right’
7 ______ (you/understand) this
number to have? Why?
computer manual?
8 You look very happy! Who ______
Grammar | Present Simple and Present Continuous (you/think) about?
9 I ______ (not/want) to leave
9
a Look at the Active grammar box. Match the example too late because I ______ (hate)

P eople often say that while money may bring wealth,

friends bring riches. New research, however, shows that
friends may bring both kinds of riches. An American study
Have social networking websites changed this?
Facebook™, one of the most popular social
networking sites, has more than 300 million active

sentences (1–5) with the rules (A–E).
b Complete the table in the Active grammar box with the verbs 10
driving in the dark.
What horrible weather! I _____
in the box. (stay) inside until the rain stops.
asked eighteen-year-olds to list their three best friends. Years users worldwide, all making new friends online.
later, it was discovered that those named most often tended The average number of Facebook friends is 130,
to be earning the most. In fact, every extra friend added two but many people have hundreds or even thousands
11
Make questions from the prompts
Active grammar using the Present Simple or
percent to their salary. The researchers believed that this of online friends. Paulo, a graphic designer, thinks
1 People with better social skills do better in the workplace. Present Continuous.
is because people with better social skills do better in the he is fairly typical of his generation: 'I have more
workplace. So, the more friends the better? than 700 Facebook friends, many of them from 2 I have more than 700 Facebook friends. 1 What/you/do? (job/occupation)
other countries. It is as easy nowadays to have a 3 I’m studying as well as working. 2 What/you/do/at work (or
One theory states that we all have about 150 friends. school)/at the moment?
friend on the other side of the world as one round 4 I see them once a week.
This may sound like a lot, but only about five of those 3 How often/you/go out with
the corner.' However, research indicates that while 5 I’m reading this at work.
are really close friends, the kind you can ring at 4:00 a.m. friends?
some people may have more than 150 friends, the
About another ten are part of an inner group, and these 4 What/you/like/do?
number of close friends remains exactly the same We use the Present Simple for …
can include family members. Then there are about thirty-
– about five. A habits/routines, e.g. sentence _____ . 5 What films/you/like/watch?
five not so close friends, and the other 100 are really just
B things that are always true/permanent, e.g. sentence 6 What/you/usually/do/at the
acquaintances. Susie, a market researcher, agrees: 'I have It appears that whatever technology may make
_____ . weekends?
loads of friends, but I’m studying as well as working at the possible, human beings can only manage a small
C describing a state, e.g. sentence _____ . 7 You/read/a good book/at the
moment, so I only see a few friends once a week or so.' number of ‘true’ friends.
moment?
We use the Present Continuous for … 8 You/play (or watch)/any sports/
D things that are happening now at this precise moment, these days?
e.g. sentence _____ .
Reading 9 Why/you/study/English/this
year?
E temporary situations that are happening around now,
5
a Work in pairs. Do you think that the following 6
Read the article again and answer the questions. e.g. sentence _____ . 10 You/do/any other courses/at the
statements are true (T) or false (F)? 1 According to the American study, how much was moment?
believe do eat go have like live need
1 People who have more friends usually earn more each friend ‘worth’? play think understand want
money. 2 Why did the researchers believe that more 12
Work in pairs. Ask your partner
2 Most people have about 150 friends. popular children earned more as adults? Action verbs State verbs Both the questions in exercise 11. Tell
3 The average number of online friends on 3 How many of the 150 friends mentioned are really the class anything interesting you
go, … believe, … live, … learned.
Facebook is 700. acquaintances?
4 Most people only have one or two close friends. 4 How many people use Facebook worldwide?
b Read the article above and check your 5 What is the writer’s opinion about the effect of We do not usually use state verbs in continuous tenses.
answers. technology on how many close friends we have?

see Reference page 19

12 13
 1.3 Brotherly love? 1.3
Grammar Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple
Can do retell a simple narrative in your own words

B
Reading
A 4
a You are going to read a true story
about two brothers. Work in pairs and
look at the photos on page 15. How could
the items in the box be significant?

an argument a business
a nickname a shoemaker a wild cat
C the 1932 Olympic games

b Now read the article on page 15 and

check your ideas.

5
Read the article again. Write true (T) or
false (F).
1 The Dasslers’ father was a
sportsman.
2 The brothers first made sports
shoes at home.
3 They argued about the shoes.
Listening and speaking

Brotherly Love?
4 They decided to start their own
1
a 1.8 
Listen to three people talking about someone companies.
who they fell out with. Match the speakers (1–3) with the 5 Puma sells more shoes than Adidas.
photos (A–C). 6 People in the town have now
forgotten the argument.
b Listen again and complete the notes in the table. Adidas® and Puma® have been two of the biggest names in
Speaker 1 Speaker 2 Speaker 3 6
Read the Lifelong learning box. Then sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century.
Who do they talk Romina – practise the skill by finding words in the Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning
about? best friend story which mean the following: football heroes, Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all
How long have they one year over the world. But the story of these two companies begins in one house in the
1 provided a product (paragraph 1)
town of Herzogenaurach, Germany.
known/did they 2 created (an institution/company, etc.)
know each other? (paragraph 4) Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker. They loved sport
but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in. Rudolph
Why/When did 3 moved permanently to a different place
always said, 'You cannot play sports wearing shoes that you’d walk around town
they fall out? (paragraph 5) with.' So they started making their own. In 1920 Adolph made the first pair of
How is their 4 one or more of the most successful athletics shoes with spikes, produced on the Dasslers’ kitchen table.
relationship now? companies (paragraph 6) On 1st July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd and they
c Work in pairs and check your answers. worked together for many years. The company became successful and it provided
the shoes for Germany’s athletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games.
Guessing from context
Lifelong learning

But in 1948 the brothers argued. No one knows exactly what happened, but family
Vocabulary | arguing When you are reading, it is members have suggested that the argument was about money or women. The
result was that Adolph left the company. His nickname was Adi, and using this and
2
Listen to the three people in exercise 1a again and complete often better to try to guess
the first three letters of the family name, Dassler, he founded Adidas.
the table with phrases which have a similar meaning. the meaning of a new word
rather than stopping to use Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too.
get angry have an argument a dictionary. It will help you At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma, after the wild
cat. The famous Puma logo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since.
lose your _______ have a _______ to read more fluently.
see _______ _______ over something After the big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other
again and their companies have now been in competition for over sixty years.
Both companies were for many years the market leaders, though Adidas has
3
Work in pairs and discuss the questions. always been more successful than Puma. A hip hop group, Run DMC, has even
written a song called My Adidas and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok®, another
1 Do you ever have arguments with your friends?
big sports shoe company.
2 Have you ever fallen out with a close friend? What happened? 7
Work in pairs. Take it in turns to retell
The terrible family argument should really be forgotten, but ever since it
3 What do friends/family usually argue about? the story using the words/phrases from
happened, over sixty years ago, the town has been split into two. Even now,
exercise 2 and the verbs from exercise 6. some Adidas employees and Puma employees don’t talk to each other.
14 15
1.3 1 Vocabulary | phrasal verbs

Grammar | Present Perfect Simple and Past 9

Read the texts below about other famous 1
a Read the text below and answer the questions. 3
Complete the sentences with a phrasal
brothers and sisters and choose the correct verb from exercise 2 in the correct
Simple 1 What languages did the author speak? Why?
words in italics. form. Use each verb once.
2 What language did her father tell her off for using? Why?
8
a Work in pairs. Look at the extracts (1-8) from the 3 Why did the author want to become a painter? Why was she 1 You really __________ your father.
story on page 15. Does each one use the Present You look just like him!
not successful?
Perfect Simple or the Past Simple? Venus and Serena Williams are both famous 2 I don’t __________ very well with my
1 Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic
tennis stars. They (1) have played/played each b Brought up is a phrasal verb. Which other phrasal verbs mother; we argue a lot.
other professionally more than twenty times. can you find in the text?
athletes. 3 I __________ in Brazil. It was a happy
2 Adidas has always been more successful than Puma. childhood.
3 On 1st July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler 4 We __________ arguing, even though
Brothers Ltd. Dad had told us to stop.
4 Run DMC has even written a song called My Adidas. 5 My brother always __________ for
In 2001, the actors Jake
5 They worked together for many years. and Maggie Gyllenhaal borrowing his records because I
6 The family argument happened … over sixty years ago. (2) starred/have starred always scratched them!
7 The companies have now been in competition for over together in the film 6 After their mother died, the children
sixty years. Donnie Darko, where were __________ by their aunt.
8 Ever since it happened … the town has been split into they (3) played/have 7 I still __________ my older brother,
two. played brother and sister. and ask him for advice.
8 My sister __________ me when I was
b Read the Active grammar box and choose the ill.
correct underlined words to complete the rules. Use
the sentences from exercise 8a and the examples to
help you.
4
Work in groups and answer the
Penelope Cruz is a world famous actor, but questions.
Paris. My parents
was brought up in a small town near
I
her siblings, Eduardo and Monica are also 1 Where did you grow up?
lish and French.
Active grammar quite famous. Eduardo (4) had/has had several are English, so I grew up speaking Eng 2 When you bring up a child, what do
international hits and Monica is a well-known during the school
A young English student lived with us
you think is the most important thing
1 We use the Past Simple/Present Perfect Spanish actor. She would like to star internationally n my parents were to teach him/her?
Simple to talk about actions or states which but she (5) didn’t learn/hasn’t learnt English yet. holidays, and she looked after me whe
er always told us off 3 As a child, did anyone tell you off?
happened in a finished period of time in the away on business. I remember my fath
use she was studying Why? Did this make you stop or did
past. There is no connection to now. if he heard us speaking in English, beca you carry on anyway?
for a few minutes,
2 We use ago/for with the Past Simple to say French. Usually we changed to French 4 Which member of your family do you
he couldn’t hear us,
when something happened and ago/for to talk 10
Complete the sentences with the time and then carried on in English when get on with best?
was an artist, and
about the period when something happened. expressions from the box. because it was easier for both of us. She 5 Who in your family do you take after?
and later tried to
3 We use the Past Simple/Present Perfect Simple we got on very well. I looked up to her, 6 Who looks after you when you are ill?
ly, I took after my
to talk about actions or states which happened ago already for just since yet become a painter myself. Unfortunate 7 As a child, who did you look up to?
never successful.
in a period of time that is connected to now. father, who wasn’t artistic, and so I was
1 Kylie and Dannii Minogue have been
4 We often use for and since with the Present 5
Read the Lifelong learning box and
Perfect. We use for + a point/period of time professional performers _____ they were follow the instructions.
and since + a point/period of time. children.
5 We use just with the Present Perfect Simple/ 2 Kylie’s first performance on television took 2
Use the text in exercise 1 to help you match the phrasal
Past Simple to show that an action is very place over thirty years _____ . verbs from A with the definitions from B. Personalising vocabulary

Lifelong learning
recent. 3 Kylie has _____ achieved a lot in her career,
but she still seems to have plenty more to A B One of the best ways to
I’ve just bought some new shoes.
offer. 1 grow up a admire and respect someone remember vocabulary is to make
6 We use not yet/already with the Present
4 Kylie hasn’t _____ had as much success in 2 bring up b continue (doing something) it mean something to you.
Perfect Simple to emphasise that a situation
America. 3 tell (someone) off c develop from being a child to being Using the ideas from exercise 4,
has not started. We use not yet/already to
4 take after (someone) an adult write one sentence for each phrasal
emphasise that a situation has started or an 5 Dannii has been a judge on a TV talent
5 look after (someone or d take care of (someone or something) verb that is true for you.
action has finished. show _____ a few years now.
something) e talk angrily to someone because they
I haven’t done the shopping yet. 6 Dannii has _____ started a family. She had
6 get on (with) (someone) have done something wrong I grew up in a small country town.
I’ve already finished cooking. her first baby last year. 7 look up to (someone) f have a friendly relationship with
8 carry on (doing someone
Speaking something) g look or behave like another member
of your family
see Reference page 19
11
Work in pairs. Do you think it’s a good idea h care for children until they are adults
to go into business with your friends and
family? Why/Why not?
16 17
 1 Communication 1 Reference
Can do describe a friend

Auxiliary verbs: do, be, have I’ve eaten out twice this week. (this week is not yet
finished)
1
a Which of the following are the best ways Questions I’ve been to Disneyland. (some time in my life up to now)
Key facts: Invert the subject and the auxiliary verb. If there is no
to meet a new partner? Why? We often use for and since with the Present Perfect.
• through friends Name: Nadia Rees auxiliary verb, use do/does or did. We use for + a period of time and since + a point in time.
Occupation: Teacher
• at a party Age: 25 Yes/No questions I’ve known her for two months/since April.
Location: Bath
• at the gym Are you Polish? We use just with the Present Perfect Simple to show
• on holiday Wh- questions that an action is very recent.
I’ve known Nadia for yea
• while studying rs. Where are you going? How did you learn to do that? I’ve just bought some new trainers.
In fact we went to schoo
l Echo questions
• on an internet dating site together and we’re still be We use not yet with the Present Perfect Simple to
st ‘He lives in the country.’ ‘Does he?’ emphasise that a situation has not started, and already
b 1.9  Listen to a short talk about friends.
Negatives to emphasise that a situation has started or an action
Internet dating and answer the questions. Nadia is genuine, loyal has finished.
1 How many people used an Internet dating and honest. She would do We use not or add n’t to the auxiliary. If there is no
auxiliary verb use doesn’t, don’t, didn’t. I haven’t done the shopping yet.
site in the UK last year? anything for her friends, and
I’m not afraid. I’ve already finished cooking.
2 What specialist dating websites does the is really thoughtful and car
ing.
speaker mention? She is also one of the fun Short answers
niest
3 How is the website CanIintroduceyou.com people I know, and always Repeat the auxiliary verb used in the question. Phrasal verbs
the life and soul of the par
different from the others? ty! ‘Have you finished yet? ’ ‘Yes, I have.’ Form: verb + one or two prepositions (or adverb)
She is a fabulous cook and He grew up in France. I got on well with her.
her dinner parties are fam
2
Read the profiles of Nadia and Sam, which She enjoys socialising and ous!
were written by their friends. Answer the hasn’t met that special pe
has lots of friends – she jus
t Present Simple and Present One phrasal verb can have more than one meaning.
rson yet. Take off: The plane took off at 6:00. I took off my coat.
questions below for each profile.
So what are you waiting Continuous The meaning often has no connection with the verb.
for? Get in touch with he
1 How did they meet? r! We use the Present Simple for habits/routines, things
Richard We ran out of money. (= there is none left)
2 What does each friend say about their that are always true/permanent and describing a state.
friend’s personality? Phrasal verbs are often informal/spoken English. Often
Seung-Ah starts work at eight o’clock. there is a more formal word which means the same.
3 What does each friend say about their Spain is a hot country.
friend’s interests? She looks up to him. (= she respects him)
Dimitri is really happy about his new job.
Key facts:
Occupation: Engineer We use the Present Continuous for things that are Key vocabulary
3
Work in pairs and look at the qualities Name: Sam Walker happening now, at this moment and temporary
below. Which five qualities do you think are Age: 26 Location: Liverpool Relationships and arguing
situations that are happening around now (but not at
most attractive in a partner? acquaintance be on the same wavelength boss
this exact moment).
• gets on with everyone Sam and I have been friends Jade’s having a shower. I’m learning Spanish for my job.
classmate close/old/best friend colleague
enjoy his/her company ex-girlfriend
• has a great sense of humour since we shared a house
Main verbs can describe actions or states. fall out (about/over sthg) father-in-law
• has an opinion on everything together at university. We friend of a friend get angry get on well
Some verbs have an action meaning as well as a state
• is a really good listener have kept in touch ever since get to know him/her have a lot in common
meaning, so can be used in continuous tenses.
• is genuine, loyal and honest as we were always on the have an argument/row have the same sense of humour
same wavelength. We’re having a wonderful holiday. (have = action/
• is great fun to be around husband keep in touch lose touch lose your temper
experience – can be used in the continuous)
• is one of the funniest people I know He has a great sense of see red stepmother stranger team-mate
We have a lovely room by the sea. (have = possess –
• is really thoughtful and caring humour and you will never Verbs/Adjectives + prepositions
can’t be used in the continuous)
• is the life and soul of the party have a dull moment in his belong to fluent in good at keen on read about
• would do anything for his/her friends company. He has an opinion spend money on talk about interested in
• you will never have a dull moment in his/her on everything, but is also a very good
listener. He’s kind, Present Perfect Simple and use (something) for worry about
to be around.
company gets on with everyone and is great fun Past Simple Personality
spends his weekends dependable encouraging generous kind-hearted
He’s quite a sporty person, and often We use the Past Simple to talk about completed
4
Write a similar profile about a friend of ’d need to be jealous mean pleasant selfish sulky upbeat
yours. Include the following paragraphs:
mountain climbing or surfing. I think you actions or states which happened in a finished period
him . Phrasal verbs
pretty active too – just to keep up with of time in the past. There is no connection to now.
1 How you met bring up carry on get on with grow up look after
why not send him I went to Disneyland last year.
2 Personality Sam is well worth getting to know, so look up to take after tell off
3 Interests an email? We use ago with the Past Simple to say when something
happened and for to talk about the period of time.
4 Conclusion Jenna They met ten years ago and worked together for two years. Listen to the explanations and vocabulary.
We use the Present Perfect Simple to talk about
completed actions which happened in an unfinished
period of time that is connected to now. see Writing bank page 153
18 19
 1 Review and practice
1
Choose the correct words in italics. 4
Complete the email with the Past
1 Mary is/has taking a shower. Simple or Present Perfect Simple form
2 Does/Has the postman delivered the post yet? of the verbs in brackets.
3 They are/do writing in their journals now.
4 Had/Have your friends spoken to you today?
Hi Mateus,
5 I don’t/haven’t understand this question. with you again on
It’s amazing to get in touch
6 Do/Are we going to the theatre tonight? for my news. Well, since I
Facebook. You asked
7 She has/is never been to Hawaii before. ersi ty three years ago, I
(1) ______ (leave) univ
ree in Portuguese
8 Doesn’t/Don’t his mother live here? (2) ______ (do) a Master’s deg
hing at Lon don University –
9 Haven’t/Didn’t we seen this film already? literature. I’m now teac
rly a year now. It’s
I (3) ______ (be) here for nea
are great! Last year I
2
Complete the dialogues with auxiliary verbs. hard work, but the students
to Sheila, remember
(4) ______ (get) married –
1 A: Hi. _____ you know many people here? in Portugal for a year,
her? She (5) ______ (work)
B: Yes, a few. Some of us _____ doing an English course to the UK last year so
but (6) ______ (come) back
else? We (7) ______
together. we could be together. What
(8) ___ ___ (be) very busy
2 A: _____ you live near here? (buy) a house and we
hed now. Why don’t
B: No, we _____ . We live in Italy. re-decorating it. It’s nearly finis
3 A: _____ you staying in a nice hotel? you come and stay?
soon,
B: Actually, we _____ like it very much. Hope to hear from you again
4 A: _____ you know this area well?
Chris
B: No, we _____ . We _____ never been here before.
5 A: _____ you like the city?
B: Yes, we _____ enjoying our stay here.
6 A: _____ you worked here long? 5
Complete the sentences with a word or
B: No, I _____ . Only one year. phrase which means the same as the
7 A: Liz! What _____ you doing here in Rio?! words or phrases in brackets.
B: I _____ travelling around South America! Let me introduce you to my colleague
8 A: _____ we met before? Gustav. (someone you work with)
B: Yes, we _____ . We met in Jakarta. 1 He was a complete _____ . (someone
you don’t know)
2 We get on well because we have a lot
3
Complete the telephone conversation with the Present
Simple or Present Continuous form of the verbs in brackets. _____ . (share similar interests)
3 Barbara is _____ Spanish. (speaks
Sara: Hi, It’s me. I’m just ringing for a chat. How are you?
very well)
Lucy: Oh, fine, you know. How are things?
4 When she told me what she’d done, I
Sara: Well, I (1) _______ (not/feel) very well, actually.
really saw _____ . (lost my temper)
Lucy: Oh no, what’s the matter?
5 Are you sure? That’s very _____ of
Sara: I (2) _______ (not/know) exactly. Probably just a cold. you! (happily give you whatever you
What about you? need)
Lucy: Well, I (3) _______ (work) in a different office this week. 6 I told my boss I was having problems
Sara: Why’s that? at work, but he wasn’t very _____ .
Lucy: I (4) _______ (help out) at another branch because there (positive towards me)
are a lot of people away. Actually, I (5) _______ (enjoy) 7 Sophie really _____ her big brother.
the change this week. I (6) _______ (like) meeting new (admires and tries to be like)
people. 8 Mike _____ smoking even when he
Sara: (7) _______ (do) the same job? felt ill. (continue)
Lucy: More or less, but I (8) _______ (deal) with clients more 9 I’m not very _____ watching TV. (like/
here. I (9) _______ (think) I might try and do more of that interested in)
when I go back to my own office. 10 When we left school, I _____ with him.
Sara: Well, it sounds great. (stopped being in contact)
Lucy: Yes, mmm. I’m a bit tired though. I usually (10) _______
(get up) at about 7:30, but this week I (11) _______ (get
up) at about six! You know I (12) _______ (hate) getting
up that early.

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