Given i1 (t) = 4 cos(ωt + 30 ) and i2 (t) = 5 sin(ωt − 20 ), find their

Solution: sum.
P RSince
(a) AC− T sin
I C AE =P cos(A
R O B+L90E ◦M), 9 . 3 Solution:
v = −4 sin(30t + 50◦ ) = 4 cos(30tHere+is 50
◦
+ 90◦ ) use of phasors—for summing sinusoids of the same
an important
Evaluate the following complex numbers:
= 4 cos(30t + 140◦Current
frequency. ) i1 (t) is in the standard form. Its phasor is
◦ ∗
(a)
The[(5 + j 2)(−1
phasor + jv4)
form of is − 5 60 ] I = 4 30◦
1
◦
10 + j 5 + 3 40 ◦ V = 4 140
◦
(b) +
◦ 10 30 We need to express i2 (t) in cosine form. The rule for converting sine to
(b) i = 6−3 + j 4 − 40 ) has the phasor cosine is to subtract 90◦ . Hence,
cos(50t
◦
Answer: (a) −15.5 − j 13.67,I =(b) − 40+
6 8.293 j 2.2.
i2 = 5 cos(ωt − 20◦ − 90◦ ) = 5 cos(ωt − 110◦ )
PE RX AA CM TP I LC EE 9P . R4 O B L E M 9 . 4 and its phasor is
Express these
Transform sinusoids
these sinusoids astophasors:
phasors: I2 = 5 − 110◦
◦◦
= −4
(a) vv =
(a) −7 sin(30t
cos(2t ++ 40
50 )) If we let i = i1 + i2 , then
366
(b) i = 64 cos(50t
sin(10t + 10◦◦ )
− 40 PART 2 AC Circuits
◦ ◦
◦I = I1 + I2 = 4 30 + 5 − 110
Answer: (a) V = 7 220◦ , (b) I = 4
Solution: − 80 .
◦ = 3.464 + j 2 − 1.71 − j 4.698 = 1.754 − j 2.698
(a) A C−
P RSince I CAE =Pcos(A
T sin R O B+ L90E ),M 9 . 5
E X A M vP=L −4 E sin(30t
9 . 5 + 50◦ ) = 4 cos(30t + 50◦ + 90◦= ) 3.218 − 56.97 A
◦

Find+ the140
sinusoids
◦
) thiscorresponding to these phasors:
Find the sinusoids represented by = 4 cos(30t
these Transforming
phasors: to the time domain, we get
The phasor form
−j 20◦of v is (a) V = −10 30◦
(a) V = j 8e i(t) = 3.218 cos(ωt − 56.97◦ ) A
◦(b) I = j (5 − j 12)
(b) I = −3 + j 4 V = 4 140
1 + i2 using
+ 210◦Eqs.
Of course,(a) wev(t)
can=find ◦
(b) i = 6 cos(50t − 40 ◦
) has the phasor Answer: 10 icos(ωt ), (b)(9.9), but13that
i(t) = is the
cos(ωt +hard
22.62way.
).
Solution:
◦
A C jT =I C1 E 90P◦ , R O BI L=E6 M −9 40. 6
P RSince
(a)
EP RX AA CM TPIVLC=EE j 89P .R−6O20B◦ L =E (1
M 990. ◦4)(8 − 20◦ )
If v1 = −10 sin(ωt + 30◦ ) and v2 = 20 cos(ωt − 45◦ ), find V = v1 + v2 .
= 8 90◦ −Given
20◦ =i18(t)70
Answer: =
◦
v(t) 4V= 30◦ ) and
10.66+cos(ωt
cos(ωt i2 (t) ◦=
− 30.95 ). 5 sin(ωt − 20◦ ), find their
Express these sinusoids as phasors:
Converting this to the time domain gives sum.
(a) v = −7 cos(2t + 40◦ )
(b) i = 4 sin(10t + 10 ) ◦ v(t) 70◦ ) V
= 8 cos(ωt +Solution: