Basic Mudlogging

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Introduction

The present day business of drilling for oil and/or gas employs and depends upon the application of
diverse fields of knowledge, practices, and techniques. Before a well is either completed, suspended, or
abandoned, many specialized practices will be applied; vast quantities of information and data will be
complied, assimilated, and acted upon by highly trained specialists applying the best of their skills.
Momentous and expensive decisions will be made.

A geological or engineering appraisal of a well is almost always relative; that is, the physical
characteristics exhibited by a given well bore are usually judged on the basis of their comparison with
known facts or the known performance of similar properties elsewhere. Years of use have established
certain accepted standards as a basis for comparison of the various parameters involved in mud logging.

Mud logging is commonly thought of as a technology of "watching" the drilling mud. This "watching"
results in early or immediate information about the drilled formation and a systematic by-depth
cataloging and analyzing of samples of drilled-up information in whatever phase (solid, liquid, or gas) as
they appear. With the addition of supplementary surface sensors and the ability to interphase with
certain down hole real time tools, "watching" a well has progressed to an even more advanced stage. In
brief, a mud logging job will help the operator to know what is going on down hole as soon and as
scientifically as possible.

It is the purpose of this book to furnish the mud logging engineer a guide to common interpretation of
collected data and presentation of results. It is a further purpose to expedite the training of the engineer
by giving him a compilation of experience and a basis on which to arrive at sound solutions to new
problems as they arise.

For complete information on any specific instrument or process, refer to the manual for that instrument
or process. Also, for exact procedures the mud logger should consult his supervisor and should also be
guided by the wishes of the oil company representative.

2.0 History

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Geologists and engineers did not enter the oil exploration picture until about 1910, considerably after the
start of rotary drilling in 1900. The early crude methods of cuttings-ditch-inspection were not really
satisfactory, and other methods were sought by early operators. The inspection of coarse samples of
formation clinging to the bit when it was brought to the surface led to evolution of crude methods of
obtaining cores with rotary tools, and later the modern core barrel was invented in the early 1920's.
With this reasonably successful coring apparatus available, a trend toward continuous coring developed
to alleviate the possibly of passing up a potential producing zone; this practice is time consuming and
very expensive. In the 1930's electric logging came into general use and reduced the amount of coring
done. However, electric logging does not furnish knowledge of the formation until after a considerable
section of hole has already been drilled.

It is at this point in the picture that the need for immediate bottom-hole information, while drilling is in
progress is fulfilled. The procedures of Mud Logging had its beginning in 1938 with work done by John
T. Hayward, Chief Engineer, Barnsdall Oil Company, and Vice President, Barnsdall Research
Corporation. Baroid, now Sperry-Sun Surface Logging Systems, as a commercial Well Logging
Service, entered the field in 1939, being the first such service available.

Because of the fact that all information obtained by Mud Logging is of a relative and abstract nature, the
need for accuracy of this information is paramount. The awareness of this need in association with
additional development and improvement of all phases of oil finding techniques has motivated Sperry-
Sun Surface Logging Systems, from it inception, to strive toward the most diagnostic and accurate
results possible in the development of its equipment and processes.

2.1 Application

Mud Logging in principle does not supersede human intuition, does not interfere with the drilling
processes, and the results of Mud Logging are available immediately. The use of this exploratory tool is
widespread throughout the world. Very briefly this tool consists of mud and cutting analysis and
engineering techniques and is the technique of continuous collecting and analyzing data. Analysis
reveals physical characteristics of the subsurface strata immediately as it becomes available at the
surface and based on interpretation of this information, exercise of control of certain phases of the
drilling operation is obtained. Also, when plotted in graph form, this data produces a graphical
representation of the physical properties of the penetrated strata.

The Mud Logging Unit is the Mud Logging Engineer's laboratory in which he continuously analyzes
information relative to the strata being drilled. The instruments and equipment of the Mud Logging Unit
are the tools with which he compiles this information on which to base his evaluation of the
characteristics of the penetrated strata and recommendations pertaining to this information. See Figure
2-1.

The Sperry-Sun Mud Logging Unit provides the operator with a log obtained from drilling mud analysis
instruments and surface drilling sensors. This log may furnish the following information:

1. A measure of the total hydrocarbon gases from the drilling mud.

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 2. A PPM (a parts per million analysis of hydrocarbons released into the drilling mud with
accompanying ratio plots) analysis of hydrocarbons in the mud.

3. An estimate of liquid hydrocarbons in the drill cuttings.

4. Lithologic percentages and descriptions of the drill cuttings.

5. Surface sensor data, such as Weight On Bit, rotary speed, torque, etc.

6. Trip data, such as hook load and hole fill volumes.

The core analysis equipment provides for measures of porosity, permeability, oil and water saturation
and ratio of measured gas volume to bulk volume of the core. This last measure permits quick
evaluation of formation potential to avoid operations delay.

Figure 2-1 - Interrelationship of the Drilling Rig and Mud Logging Sensors

Mud Logging has particular application in the following cases:

1. Wildcat wells - these are generally in areas where detailed subsurface information is
lacking.

2. Field development or outpost wells - these are in areas where lensing sands and folding
or faulting leads to difficult correlation.

3. Wells in high-pressure formations - here gas indications want of impending kicks, thus
aiding in controlling high pressure zones.

4. Areas of difficult electric log interpretations - these wells are characterized by limestone
or carbonate rocks and muds having high saline content and sands containing fresh or
brackish waters.

5. Wells encountering extensive testing, coring and DST - tests can be conducted
immediately through information on drill rate and returns analysis. A description of this
process would be as follows:

Drilling proceeds without interruption until a significant increase in drill rate indicates a
possible reservoir has been encountered. Two to four feet of formation are drilled.
Drilling is then stopped until the mud returns can be pumped to the surface. If analysis of
the drilling mud and drilled cuttings indicates oil and/or gas, a core might be taken; if not,
then normal drilling is resumed until another drilling break is encountered. Thus, coring
of non-productive formations is reduced to a minimum.

2.2 The Place of the Mud Logging Engineer

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Sperry-Sun Drilling Services, as a service company, neither drills, produces or markets oil or gas, but
depending upon the continued search for oil and/or gas by operating and producing companies, provides
commodities and services necessary to their operations which are either impractical or uneconomical for
them to provide for themselves.

Sperry-Sun's Surface Logging Systems has been found by the major producers through experience from
their own in-company personnel to be the most practical approach to the economy realized through well
monitoring. In this area, Sperry-Sun Surface Logging Systems has proven to be a professional.

As a service company, Sperry-Sun and its employees employed by a operating company, become the
employees of that company for the purpose of locating hydrocarbons. It is in this capacity that the
engineers assigned to the job become endowed with the same obligations and responsibilities toward
that company as those who are affiliated with that company on a permanent basis.

In this situation a logging crew must necessarily work very closely with the company personnel.
Operating company personnel will be the final judge in important and irrevocable decisions, but their
decisions can be based on the results of the logger's efforts and, therefore, depend on the soundness of
the logger's decisions.

Obviously, communication plays a vital role in the logging job. It is not only what he knows, but how
he conveys what he knows which renders his decisions useful to the company being served. By
whatever means the communication has been made, whether verbally, in person or by telephone, mail or
messenger, it is important that the customer be able to say "I know exactly what has been said, and I am
clear on the matter". Thus, sound decisions and accurate communication defines success on the job.

The logging engineer, equipped with his own experience, knowledge and sense of logic and the data at
his disposal, becomes the eyes of the oil company customer.

Realize that it is not important to Sperry-Sun whether a logged well is a successful producer or not, but
is important that the customer be able to say upon completion of the well that the bore was
comprehensively evaluated and that no possibility of production was missed.

Sperry-Sun's success depends on the customer's success, and the more efficiently and economically the
customer is able to drill his well, the more wells he will be able to drill with the result of there being
more jobs for Sperry-Sun.

The mud logging engineer both contributes to and is dependent upon the success of Sperry-Sun.
Without his knowledgeable and careful decision making Sperry-Sun cannot function; and with the
success of Sperry-Sun, his job security and improved working conditions are impossible. To obtain the
business objective, he must continue to sell himself and the company. Things to consider in this effort
are one good job of logging sells another, and public relations is most important as his personal contact
with the customer puts him in the position to create good customer relations.

Of course, all company personnel with whom the logger comes in contact with will appreciate, most of
all, the man who makes their jobs easier, more successful and more agreeable to them. Many customers

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repeat the use of our service because the oil company personnel on one location will like the attitude of
one or more of the mud loggers and will go so far as to request his particular crew to do another of their
jobs, which is a very nice compliment to his crew. Aside from the personal satisfaction derived from
knowing he has done a job well, one of the greatest attributes a mud logger can gain for himself is the
feeling of being in demand by the people for whom he works.

The status as described above can be obtained by taking the job seriously, taking a constructive attitude
toward the work by being methodical in performance of the routine and by maintaining an agreeable
disposition. By utilizing these techniques, there can be virtually no limit to the amount of professional
achievement the logger can obtain while in service to the company on the job.

2.3 Mud Logging Theory (The Basics)

While drilling, mud is continuously being pumped down through the drill pipe to the bottom of the hole,
out through the bit, up through the annulus (around the drill pipe) to the surface, out the flow line, over
the shale shaker into the mud pit, through the mud pump, up the standpipe, through the kelly hose and
swivel, down the kelly and back into the drill pipe. During the circulation, the drill bit continuously cuts
off small particles of formation, called cuttings, which are carried up and out of the hole by the mud and
are caught and strained out of the mud at the shale shaker. It is at the shale shakers that access to the
drilled formation information is gained. In short, mud logging is made practical by the use of the
returning mud stream as a medium for communication with the bottom of the hole. The theory is that
the drilled formation is carried to the surface partly in pieces of formation and deposited on the shale
shaker in the chronological order that it was drilled, and partly in gases released into the mud. Mud
Logging is a matter of extracting the information that is delivered by the returning mud for restoration of
the in-place characteristics of the formation upon which a model is formulated and the well control
decisions derived from this.

Before being broken up by the bit and carried to the surface by the mud, the formation lays in situ under
formation pressure, however great or small that may be. Historically, the drilling mud exerts a pressure
(on the formation being drilled) considerably greater than that which the formation exerts on the mud.
Thus, there was thought to be considerable flushing (replacement of hydrocarbon liquids and gases by
the drilling mud) of the formation ahead of the bit by the mud filtrate.

The factors which affect the amount of oil and gas remaining in the formation after being flushed to
some extent and which in turn affect the amount of oil and gas entrained in the drilling mud are:

Depth
Rate of penetration
Hole size
Volume of drilling fluid being circulated
Physical properties of the formation
Properties of the drilling mud

How near to "balance" the well is drilled. Balanced drilling is a name given to the use of mud
weights which will result in the drilling mud column exerting almost the same, or a very little

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 amount more, hydrostatic pressure on the formation fluids and gases than the formation fluids
exert back on the mud column. Overbalanced drilling is the case of too much mud weight
resulting in more pressure exerted by the mud column than the formation exerts back. Balancing
of pressures results in greatly improved drilling rates and formation evaluation. Underbalance
mud weights can result in a potential "blowout" situation which will be discussed later.

As the cuttings travel to the surface up the annulus, they undergo a pressure reduction, resulting in a
release of formation fluids from the cuttings. Also, the "jetting" action of mud going through the bit
causes a reduction in the hydrocarbon content of the cuttings.

Therefore, by analyzing the cuttings, drilling mud and drilling parameters for hydrocarbon-associated
phenomenon, we can develop a great deal of information and understanding concerning physical
properties of a well from surface to final depth. The following discussion describes the techniques of
measuring, recording and interpreting available data.

To perform the basic well logging function the following equipment is needed:

1. Rig pump stroke counter

2. Depth measuring device

3. Gas detection equipment (total gas and chromatograph)

4. Continuous multichannel recorder

5. Geological examination devices and reagents

Here, the methods of applying available data to produce a "mud log" are discussed in detail. The mud
log is the graphical presentation and interpretation of gathered data. It is the prime reason for our
presence on a drilling rig. Cursory mention only is made as to the principles of equipment operation as
this aspect is covered in the latter part of this section. The mud log is our final product and how we
present the data reflects directly on the logging crew and Sperry-Sun Logging Systems

2.3.1 Drilling Breaks

A "drilling break" is a term used to describe a departure of the Rate of Penetration (ROP) from the
"normal trend". As drilling progresses the average ROP tends to decrease with depth. This is due to
rocks becoming harder as overlaying formations bear down on them. This compressive force causes
sediments to become more dense and thus harder to drill (also called drillability) which results in the
establishment of a gradual reduction of the ROP with increasing depth. This gradual reduction is
expressed as the normal trend of penetration rates versus depth. However, as different formations
exhibit differing drillabilities, the normal trend can shift to the right or left of the baseline upon entering
a change in lithology (or rock type).

Consider the case of drilling through a shale cap rock into a limestone reservoir. Shale tends to drill
faster than the more dense limestone. Therefore, it is quite probable that a reverse drilling break will

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occur, i.e., upon entering the limestone a significant reduction in the ROP is observed. Conversely, we
may drill into a sand section from a shale; in this case the drilling rate would tend to increase, resulting
in a drilling break. The amount of change in ROP which may constitute a drill break is set by the
operating company but will be in the range of 50% to 100%.

A drilling break is the first indicator of a formation change and is an important marker. It may signal the
top of a potential reservoir or the point at which to cut a core.

Instructions must be sought by the logger from the operating company representatives as to their specific
procedure for dealing with a drilling break. However, a typical requirement might read as follows:

1. Inform the driller and have him "pick-up" and check for flow.

2. Advise the company representatives.

3. Assuming that the well is static, circulate the well out.

4. Just before the drilling break samples begin to arrive on the surface, start collecting
additional samples so that an accurate background condition can be established.

5. Continue to collect additional samples until the break has been completely circulated out.
6. Complete the analysis of the samples and advise the company representatives of the
results.

7. Await instructions; at this stage it may be decided to continue drilling or make

arrangements to Electric Log the zone.

The most important thing is that the break is identified quickly. For example, if a core is to be cut, a
minimum amount of the formation should be drilled such that a maximum amount of rock would
subsequently be available for examination. Actual drilling rates would tend to determine the relative
depth penetrated during the break but in any event, it would not be expected that more than 1' to 3'
would be cut prior to action. If in any doubt, request the driller to pick up and circulate, then contact the
company representative.

2.3.2 Lag Application

It is obvious that at the instant a drilled sample is delivered to the shale shaker that the bit has penetrated
some distance deeper into the hole from the time when that sample was cut loose from the formation, so
that sample at the surface will be from a depth shallower than that at which the bit is currently drilling.
For example, if it takes an hour for a sample to reach the surface from the bottom of a 6,000 foot hole,
and the bit is drilling at a rate of 100 feet per hour, the well depth will 6,100 feet when the samples from
the depth of 6,000 feet are just reaching the surface.

This critical interval of time is called LAG and is measured in terms of the mud pump cycles or in time.
This lag applies to all down hole information except penetration rates. This lag always exists and,
theoretically, changes continuously as the hole deepens. Likewise, the length of the lag time is

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dependent on anything that changes the hole volume, such as hole washout or channeling of the mud
flow in the annulus.

It is necessary to always know the lag and apply it continuously to returning samples in locating
accurately the depth from which they came. Because of the factors present which cause the lag to
change, the lag must be checked and rechecked frequently and regularly. A lag determination should be
run at least once each 24 hours or once every 500 feet, whichever occurs first. When drilling an average
size hole less than 10" in diameter, every 500 feet may be enough. If the hole is larger than 10" in
diameter, the lag determination should be run at least every 250 feet.

2.3.3 Running the Lag

The lag can be determined by injecting a tracer in the mud in the drill pipe at the surface when the kelly
is broken off and counting the number of strokes that the mud pumps have to make in the interval
between injection and recovery at the shale shakers. From this total pump cycle the number of cycles
required to pump the tracer down the pipe to the bit must be subtracted. This arithmetic result is called
the LAG for the particular tracer material that was used.

There are two (2) main types of materials that are used today for determination of the lag. These are
Lost Circulation Material (LCM) and calcium carbide. This last material when placed in the drill pipe
reacts with the water in the mud to form acetylene gas and is picked up by the gas detector and gas
chromatograph. It is important to remember that calcium carbide only reacts with water, so it cannot be
used with an oil based mud. The calcium carbide method is the most convenient for determining the lag.
The lag obtained in this manner is called a "gas lag". For logging operations, the gas lag is normally
used. When a lag tracer is placed in the drill pipe, a stroke counter must be set to monitor the number of
strokes required for the tracer to travel down the drill string and back up the annulus. When the lag
tracer appears at the shale shaker or the carbide gas reading appears on the gas detector on its return to
the surface the total number of strokes is recorded. It is then necessary to subtract the calculated number
of strokes down the drill string (down-pipe factor); the result is the lag. Calculate the number of barrels
from the number of strokes and enter this adjustment in the computer.

Some helpful hints on actually carrying out this operation follow:

Gas will travel from the bit to the surface faster than the cuttings in the mud from the same
depth. Therefore, it is necessary to add a correction factor to the "LCM" lag to arrive at the
correct gas lag to be used. Usually it is safe to assume a 10% correction in a positive direction.
In practical application for the drill pipe and pump sizes commonly used, the total circulating
time from surface to surface for LCM without subtracting the down pipe factor will approximate
the gas lag.

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 Figure 2-2 - Running the Lag
The lag determination in terms of pump strokes has advantages over a lag determined on the basis of
time. The reason is that when the pumps are stopped, the clocks continue to run, and a factor may be
introduced which must be taken into account. Another factor is that the lag determined in terms of time
is correct only for one pump speed or that particular speed at which the lag was run, whereas, the lag in
pump cycles is accurate for any pump rate.

Another item to be aware of at this point is the reaction of calcium carbide with drilling mud forming
acetylene which will be read on the gas detector as a gas peak. You will be able to distinguish this from
a formation gas as it will show up on the gas chromatograph at approximately 73 seconds. A gas lag
should not be run during or immediately following a drilling break or in a zone where there is reason to
believe that a show might occur.

Another situation requiring special procedures is the usage of oil based mud. Two possible procedures
in this situation would be:

1. After obtaining permission to do so, put calcium carbide in the drill pipe during a
connection when the drill pipe joint is open:

a. Displace enough fluid already in the pipe so that a space is provided for the lag
material.

b. Pour water into the cleared space leaving some extra space for the lag material.

c. In this space add carbide in sufficient quantity (this depends on depth, volume of
the annulus, etc.) to give a distinct reaction on the gas detector which is
monitoring the hydrocarbons in the returning mud flow.

2. If enough time is available, have the driller pump a small LCM pill during a connection
and watch for their exit from the hole at the shaker and record the number of strokes or
time for this interval.

The down-pipe factor we have alluded to above requires a volumetric calculation of pumped volume per
stroke in terms of linear feet of drill pipe or the down-pipe factor. The factors influencing this
calculation are pipe size, pump liner size, rod sizes, length of the pump's stroke and the length of the
drill string. This pipe factor must be recalculated any time the size of the pump liners or drill string is
changed.

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Hints and Precautions Concerning the Use of Lag Materials

1. Put the lag material in the drill string, not in a mousehole single.

2. Note that the amount of lag material used may have to increased as the depth increases.

3. Observe samples during drilling breaks as check on lag calculation accuracy when the
opportunity arises.

4. Observe connection gases when possible, do not use trip or short trip gases as a check.

5. Make sure the shale shaker has not been bypassed.

6. Be sure to record all pertinent data for future referral, as this can be
critical in future discussions on the matter.

2.3.4 Calculating Down Pipe Volume

The down pipe factor is expressed in terms of volume (barrels of mud) or strokes (pump cycles); that is,
for a known drill pipe length and inside diameter (ID), the capacity of the drill string in barrels can be
calculated.

Given the following data we can determine the down pipe factor:

Hole depth = 11,000 feet

Drill string = 5 inches OD and 4.276 inches ID
Pump data = Triplex, single action: 6" liner
12" stroke
95% efficiency

1. First calculate the volume of the string with one of the following formulas:

ID2 X 0.00097 = barrels per foot or

ID2 / 1029.4 = barrels per foot

4.2762 X 0.00097 = .0177 barrels per foot or

4.2762 / 1029.4 = .0177 barrels per foot

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 2. Multiply the drill string capacity by the length of the drill string to obtain the total
number of barrels.

.0177 X 11,000 = 195.4 barrels

3. To obtain the number of strokes for the down pipe factor you will have to calculate the
pump output in barrels. The formula is as follows:

bbl/stk = .000243(liner ID2) X L

ID = liner size in inches

L = stroke length of the pump

Example: The output of a 6 1/2" X 11" PZ-11 triplex is

bbl/stk = .000243(6.52) X 11 = .1129 bbl/stk at 100% efficiency

Since the pumps are only 95% efficient multiply by .95

.1129 X .95 = .1073 efficiency corrected barrels per stroke

To obtain the down pipe factor in strokes, divide the volume (in barrels) by the pump output:

195.4 / .1073 = 1821 strokes

Note: This information can be read from the tables at the end of this section to more simply
arrive at the same answers. However, these tables may not always be available so the
logging engineer must always be prepared to make volumetric calculations.

The previous calculations did not take into account the fact that the bottom hole assembly
(drill collars and heavy weight drill pipe) normally has a smaller ID than the drill pipe.

2.3.5 Calculating Bottoms Up Lag

An alternate to the tracer method of calculating the lag is available. This is by calculating the annular
volume by using either one of the two approaches:

Principles of volume

Capacity / displacement tables

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Using similar data as for the previous example:

Hole depth = 11,000 feet

Drill pipe = 5 inches OD by 4.276 inches ID
Pump data = .0997 barrels per stroke

In addition we must consider the following data:

Hole size = 12.25 inches

Depth of last casing = 9,500 feet
Size of last casing = 13..375 inches OD by 12.347 inches ID (72 pounds per foot)
Size of Drill collars = 8 inches OD by 3 inches ID (147.0 pounds per foot)
Length of Drill collars = 500 feet

These specifications result in a pictorial representation of the well geometry as follows:

As noted, there are three (3) distinct annular sections.

Annular section 1 is formed by the drill pipe and casing

Annular section 2 is formed by the drill pipe and open hole
Annular section 3 is formed by the drill collars and open hole
The simplest method of arriving at a total annular volume is to calculate each section independently and
the add up the results.

Example: Using Principles of volume

Capacity of the annulus in barrels per foot = (hole size or casing ID) 2 - (drill pipe
outside diameter)2 X 0.00097 or

(hole size or casing ID)2 - (drill pipe outside diameter)2 / 1029.4

Annular section 1 = (casing ID2 - drill pipe OD2) X 0.00097

(12.3472 - 52) X 0.00097 = .1236 barrels per foot

next barrels per foot X section length = barrels

.1236 X 9500 = 1174 barrels

Annular section 2 = (hole size2 - drill pipe OD2) X 0.00097

(12.252 - 52) X 0.00097 = .1213 barrels per foot

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 next barrels per foot X section length = barrels

.1213 X 1000 = 121.3 barrels

Annular section 3 = (hole size2 - drill collar OD2) X 0.00097

(12.252 - 82) X 0.00097 = .0835 barrels per foot

next barrels per foot X section length = barrels

.0835 X 500 = 41.7 barrels

Adding up the sections we have: 1174 + 121.3 + 41.7 = 1337 barrels total annular volume

To convert this volume into pump strokes, divide the total annular volume by the pump output:

1337 barrels / .0997 barrels per stroke = 13410 strokes

Divide the total strokes by the pump rate per minutes to obtain the bottoms up time.

13410 strokes / 150 strokes per minute = 89.4 minutes

Example: Using the Tables

Annular section 1 = capacity of the casing - (capacity + displacement of drill pipe) X

length of the section

capacity of 13.375 (P-110) casing at 72 pounds per foot is .1479 barrels per
foot

capacity of 5" X 4.276" grade E drill pipe is .0177 barrels per foot

displacement of 5" X 4.276" grade E drill pipe is .0070 barrels per foot

thus, .1479 - (.0177 + .0070) = .1232 barrels per foot

.1232 X 9500 (section length) = 1170 barrels

Annular section 2 = capacity of the hole - (capacity + displacement of drill pipe) X

length of the section

capacity of a 12.25 hole is .1456 barrels per foot

capacity of 5" X 4.276" grade E drill pipe is .0177 barrels per foot

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 displacement of 5" X 4.276" grade E drill pipe is .0070 barrels per foot

thus, .1456 - (.0177 + .0070) = .1209 barrels per foot

.1209 X 1000 (section length) = 120.9 barrels

Annular section 3 = capacity of the hole - (capacity + displacement of drill collars) X

length of the section

capacity of a 12.25 hole is .1456 barrels per foot

capacity of 8" X 3" drill collars is .0087 barrels per foot

displacement of 8" X 3" drill collars is .0535 barrels per foot

thus, .1456 - (.0087 + .0535) = .0834 barrels per foot

.0834 X 500 (section length) = 41.7 barrels

Adding up the sections we have: 1170 + 120.9 + 41.7 = 1332.6 barrels total annular volume.

To convert this volume into pump strokes, divide the total annular volume by the pump output:

1332.6 barrels / .0997 barrels per stroke = 13366 strokes

Divide the total strokes by the pump rate per minute to obtain the bottoms up time.

13366 strokes / 150 strokes per minute = 89.1 minutes

When logging it will be observed that the calculated lag will invariably be less than that obtained by
using the tracer method. Reasons for this are:

Lag tracer materials or cutting will tend to slip behind the velocity of the mud with respect to
their relative densities and the particular mud's carrying capabilities.

Enlargement of the hole, due to erosion by the mud, is not accounted for when making the lag
calculation.

Mud flows are sometimes turbulent which results in a tendency for the cuttings and tracer
materials to rotate up the annulus rather than rising uniformly.

Due to the characteristics of drilling mud in laminar flow, the center annulus flow rate tends to
be faster than that near the walls; thus, cuttings in the center annulus region tend to be moved
over into the slower flow areas and subsequently are again moved back into the faster region.

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 This is a similar effect to the previous paragraph although the rotational effects are much less
harsh.

Cumulatively, these effects tend to delay the arrival at the surface of cutting samples. Conversely, gas
samples will tend to rise at the same or possibly at a slightly higher rate than the mud, particularly if the
mud is relatively thin. As gas rises in the annulus a reduction of hydrostatic pressure will be exerted on
the samples resulting in an expansion of the gas in proportion to its volume and original pressure. Hole
enlargement will, however, have a similar effect on gas samples as with heavier materials.

The net result is that gas samples will tend to arrive at the surface sooner than cuttings. In any event a
lag calculation is a good approximation but should be corrected or checked for accuracy and corrected as
necessary by noting the arrival of cuttings from a drill break or connection gas.

We have considered two circulation periods:

1. Off bottom to the surface the lag

2. Kelly to surface complete circulation

There is a third:

3. Complete system circulation which includes the surface mud volume

For case number 3. The annular, drill string and surface volumes are added and then divided by the
pump output to arrive at this value.

Points to note are:

Drill pipe, drill collars and casing sizes are often referred to by weight of the item under
consideration. It is therefore necessary to refer to charts and tables for actual dimensions (see
attached tables).

i.e. 87.9 lbs/ft drill collars = 6" OD X 1.75" ID

or 19.5 lbs/ft drill pipe = 5" OD X 4.276 ID
or 36.0 lbs/ft casing = 9.625" OD X 8.921" ID

Unless the hole is totally cased the actual lag will always be greater than the calculated.
Therefore use sample data or run a tracer lag to accurately set the lag value.

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 Details concerning pumps sizes are always available from the rig personnel (Company
Representative or Toolpusher).

As a well deepens, the pump liners are sometimes replaced by liners of a smaller diameter -
make a periodical check as to the liner size. This normally takes place when a new casing string
is run.

Most drilling rigs are equipped with two mud pumps, whereas, most of the deep water
semisubmersible rigs will have three mud pumps. One of these pumps are normally used to
boost the riser during drilling operations. Ensure that the computer is properly configured as to
which pumps are on the hole and which are on the riser.

Note, when the rig pumps are stopped the mud column stops. Also, if drilling is suspended and the well
circulated out, the flow of information that is collected at the shale shakers and new information is no
longer being supplied at the bottom of the hole. After the expiration of the lag, the bottom of the mud
column will have reached the surface. Without the lag as an indexing tool, all the mud and cuttings
analysis would apply to formation only at unknown depths and, as common sense would indicate, this
information is almost useless without knowing at what depth the analysis pertains to. Therefore, with
the lag calculation it is known exactly to what depths these analysis apply.

In conclusion, the annulus represents a continuous column of mud logging information moving up and
out of the hole which is transferred to the computer by the logging engineer as part of the daily routine.

2.3.6 Background Gas

Under normal drilling conditions, it is quite common for a relatively small amount of gas to be
continuously in evidence. This "background gas" can originate from a previously drilled section, which
contained a show and which bleeds a small amount of gas into the mud. Normally, gas can be contained
in the formation being drilled of very low proportions, i.e., shales are often found to contain gas but due
to their extremely low porosity and permeability characteristics. Background gas is often methane only
with little or no heavy gases. However, continuously high levels of background gas often indicate that
the well is being drilled very close to balance and may indicate that a higher mud weight is required.

2.3.7 Connection Gas

Also involved when the bit is raised off bottom is the gas due to swabbing even with short distances
such as those encountered when making a connection and due to the lowering of the hydrostatic pressure
from the loss of ECD (equivalent circulating density) when the mud pumps are shut down for a

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connection or check for flow. Therefore, this connection gas is used as a helpful guide towards
determining how near the hydrostatic pressure is to a balance condition.

Connection gas can be identified by the occurrence of gas peaks observed on the recorders. These
"bumps" in the recorder trace will be separated by the time between each connection and will arrive on
the surface near lagged depth of the connection depth. When connection gases are in evidence a similar
phenomenon may be observed whenever the drill string is pulled off bottom and the pumps are shut
down. This method may also be used to simulate a connection gas peak to help in determining the
balance condition. As with background gas and trip gas, connection gas is a strong indicator of a
balanced drilling condition.

2.3.8 Trip Gas

It is normal for an increase in the gas readings to occur after a trip has been made. This occurrence is
commonly referred to as "trip gas".

To understand the presence of trip gas, it is necessary to visualize what happens as the old bit is pulled
out of the hole, for it is during this operation that the gas which is subsequently labeled "trip gas" gains
entry into the mud system. Not only does the bit have the largest diameter of all tools in the hole, it also,
naturally, is at the extreme lower end of the drill string. In the process of "coming out of the hole", the
bit is being pulled through a mud filled cylinder of a diameter of only slightly greater than the bit itself.
As the bit is pulled through this cylinder formed by the hole wall, a swabbing action on the formation
takes place. The drilling fluid is, therefore, forced to rush pass the bit to its underside, and there is a
momentary reduction in hydrostatic pressure immediately adjacent to and below the bit as it is travelling
upward. As the bit travels up the hole past sections containing gas, those of sufficient pressure will
bleed into the adjacent mud column when the hydrostatic pressure is reduced by the swabbing action of
the bit. Once this gas has entered, it is entrained by the mud and remains static in the mud until the trip
is completed. When the trip is completed and the bit is near bottom and circulation resumes, this gas
interval is pumped to the surface where the gas is detected as trip gas.

After a trip has been made and drilling is resumed, a period of time equal to the lag must transpire
before any cuttings or gas shows from the formation drilled after the trip will appear at the surface. Trip
gas is recognized as that increase in mud gas which often appears on the gas detector sometime between
the time drilling is resumed and the time the first sample from the newly drilled formation is at the
surface. Usually trip gas will appear toward the end of this period, just before the first newly drilled
sample is due.

Further recognition of trip gas is the rapid buildup to a gas peak and the rapid decrease almost
immediately after the peak. The buildup of the trip gas reading should be watched carefully on the gas
detector and recorder along with the pit volume. The reason is that if the gas continues to increase for
an abnormally long time, and does not start dropping off when it should, or if the pit volume continues
to show an abnormal increase, a kick may be imminent and the driller should be advised immediately.
The gas reading should have returned to practically its normal level by the time the new formation is due
at the surface. The gas detector and recorder should be watched for the highest reading obtained during
this interval and its maximum value should be recorded on the data sheet and on the log as trip gas.

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The fact that trip gas most often appears at the end of the lag period, indicates that it is from near the
bottom of the hole, may be accounted for by at least two (2) reasons. First, at the time a trip is started,
the bottom section of the hole will have been only recently drilled and exposed to the mud column;
therefore, wall building and invasion forces of the mud have been at work for only a short time when the
trip is made. The hole wall here, near the bottom, will not be nearly as well sealed against gas entry as
the sections further up the hole, because the bottom section has not been thoroughly invaded by the mud
filtrate; the gases will not have been driven back as far from the hole wall as in shallower zones. Gases
will have only a short distance to travel to re-enter the hole. Secondly, the mechanical forces which
result in the accumulation of trip gas may be expected to be greatest where the hole is nearest to gauge.
What is meant here is the hole is closer to the diameter of the bit than shallower sections of the hole,
thus having a greater swabbing effect on the formation.

It is important to remember that if the hole was not completely circulated out prior to the trip, the trip
gas will usually be accompanying the returns of the formation that were drilled prior to the trip. There is
always the possibility that the gas is not trip gas but rather a legitimate show which was drilled just prior
to making the trip and is coincidental with the appearance of the trip gas. The gas reading should be
watched closely to see whether it persists as a legitimate show might. The cuttings and other available
data should be carefully scrutinized with the object of ascertaining definitely whether the gas reading is
due to trip gas or show gas.

This trip gas may often be turned to the logger's advantage, by starting the stroke counters exactly when
"circulation is broken" after a trip and comparing the number of strokes required to bring the trip gas to
the surface. By comparing these strokes to the strokes for bottoms up, a good approximation of the
depth of the zone from which the gas is coming may be made. ("Circulation is broken" is an expression
for that time when the mud first starts flowing in the flow line.) It may be found that this is a zone of
special interest previously logged, or a zone which may have been drilled before the logging job started.
The information may have considerable value to the customer at times.

Trip gas will sometimes be observed to recirculate once, and once in a great while several times.
Recirculation of trip gas will not usually be observed, and when it is, it will be less than one-third (1/3)
of the original reading and evidenced by a smoothing out of the gas peak. The recorder will evidence
this by regularly spaced peaks becoming smoother in the gas curve. The time interval between peaks is
the total circulation time and not the bottoms up lag time.

If a float is run in the drill string, then there will be air trapped in the drill pipe while tripping in the hole.
When this air is circulated out, after a trip, what is observed is an air bubble at the surface, "kelly cut".
This air bubble is directly proportional to the volume of air trapped and is evidenced by anything from a
slight aerated appearance to even "belching" over the bell nipple.

2.3.9 Logging After a Trip

The making of a trip for a new bit can create a weak spot in the continuity of the log. Care and attention
should be exercised to minimize this weakness. If, when a trip is made, circulation is stopped before all
the samples are lagged from the hole and the pipe is pulled immediately then the continuity of the drilled
samples and gas is lost. On a deep well this may account for an interval of considerable footage. The
weakness in continuity comes about when the possibility arises that a potentially productive zone has

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been drilled somewhere within this now unlogged interval. If this occurs, and no precautions were taken
to circulate all the formation out, then it means that the show will not be discovered until after the trip
has been completed, circulation resumed and possibly new formation being drilled. By then, at best, the
appearance of the show may be coincidental with the trip gas, and in this instance, the show will be
distorted.

One means of eliminating this danger is to have the driller pick the bit off bottom and circulate out all
the samples before starting the trip out of the hole. Some companies instruct that this be done before
each trip, even though it is costly in terms of rig time. The mud logger should inform the company
representative of the type formations that he suspects may be in the hole. One method to gain this
knowledge of what may remain in the hole is to study the rate of penetration. If there is a change of
penetration rate from the normal trend, this indicates that a change in formation is possible. Another
method, if a downhole MWD tool is present, to study what information that has been pulsed to the
surface from the MWD tool. Be sure that the company representative is made aware of any type
formation that may be left in the hole if he does not circulate out completely.

In many areas of high pressure gas sands, the making of a trip without prior circulating out actually
constitutes a safety hazard. In some areas all possible precautions are taken to prevent the well from
blowing out and since the danger is greatest when a trip is being made, a step toward reduction of this
hazard is the practice of always circulating out all samples before the trip is made. In some areas of high
gas readings some customers instruct that the rig is to circulate until the mud reading is below a certain
value before starting out of the hole. In any case, even in the absence of such instructions, if there is
reason to believe that a hazardous condition exists the mud logger should make his data and reasons for
his belief available to the company representative and work closely with him.

It is easy to see that by the time the samples that were left in the hole during the trip have been circulated
out, they have become disrupted and displaced in sequence. The logger should start logging as soon as
the pumps are started and returns are at the flow line. The sample interval that remained in the hole
should be logged as though the trip has not occurred. However, the logger should recognize that the
data obtained is not quite as reliable as it might otherwise have been. To communicate this fact, the
interval involved is defined on the data sheet and the log along with the abbreviation LAT (logged after
trip). This will clearly indicate to the customer the condition under which the interval was logged.

2.3.10 Logging While Coring

In general, as coring ROP's are slow, oil companies will require more frequent samples in case the
whole core is not recovered.

When coring is in progress, the cutting (which will be smaller than normal) should be examined
carefully just as in normal drilling. This will help to locate cores in cases of incomplete core recovery.
For instance, in a ten (10) foot section of cored hole, perhaps only five (5) feet of core is recovered. The
question as to which five (5) feet were recovered, the top, the middle or the bottom of the ten (10) foot
sections needs to be answered. Matching of the cuttings samples correlated as to depth with the five (5)
feet of core recovered can "place" the origin of the five (5) feet of core within the ten (10) foot interval.
Obviously, the core itself should be the basis of the lithological description when it is available.

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Therefore, a complete description of the cores, the footage and footages recovered should always be
kept.

Particular effort should be applied to making a good sample collection of cuttings as this is the only
permanent proof to the oil company of what was actually drilled.

2.3.10.1 Sidewall coring

Sidewall coring is a supplementary coring method used in zones where core recovery by conventional
methods was small or where cores were not obtained while drilling.

The sidewall coring device, a CST (chronological sample taker) tool, is lowered into the hole on a
"wireline cable" and a sample of the formation is taken at the desired depth. This is done by shooting a
hollow "bullet" into and pulling it out of the wall of the hole. Usually there are thirty bullets per gun.
More than one (1) gun can be run each time.

Sidewall cores taken with CST's are small (1 X 2 1/2 inches) and in some cases the recovered material
consists largely of mud cake. Sidewall coring is usually unsuccessful in very hard rocks. Nevertheless,
cores of this type provide a means of examining the rock in portions of the hole in which information
may be extremely scanty. Sidewall cores are sometimes taken with the intention of evaluating the
porosity, permeability and saturation characteristics of the rock. However, because some compaction
occurs as the bullet enters the formation, the results are inevitably less reliable than those from
convention cores.

2.3.11 Logging When Air or Foam Drilling

In order to have the proper equipment for logging with air or foam drilling, all or part of a air drilling kit
is required in addition to the normal logging equipment.

In air drilling, if the returns from bottom are dry or relatively dry, an air filter is rigged up on the flow
(blooie) line from the bell nipple. Installation of this filter near the end of the flowline should reduce the
chances of pulling moisture into the gas detector. The filter consists of a funnel shaped steel unit with a
cover arranged to take 18.5 cm felt backed up with a screen so that a moderate pressure on the flowline
can be accommodated without closing off the outlet to the gas detector. This filter will remove dust
from the gas stream before it enters the standard gas trap hose going to the logging unit. A 1/4" NPT X
OXY fitting is provided on the cover of the filter unit for connecting this hose. The funnel shaped steel
unit should be screwed into a 2" nipple and collar on the top side of the flowline. The shape of this unit
is such that dust can fall back into the flowline in case it builds up on the filter medium. It is also
recommended that a 2" gate valve be placed between the filter and the and the flowline if difficulty is
experienced in the normal hook-up and to facilitate filter cleaning or changing during drilling
operations.

If the cuttings and dust coming from the well are moist or accompanied with foam or slugs of water, it
will be necessary to run the air from the flowline through a water trap and then to the logging unit. Most
of the equipment required for this installation will normally be available on the rig or in local hardware
stores. The hole in the bottom of the drums will allow water and foam to be discharged without getting

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into the gas detector line. A pressure relief hole may be provided about half way up the barrel and
covered with a thin plastic flap in case the bottom hole gets closed off. Since there will be a continuous
leak from this drum, it should be installed at a safe distance from the rig to minimize the fire hazard in
case of a gas show. This hazard should be pointed out to the rig personnel so they will not have open
flames around the drum. A valve may be installed in a 1/2" line from the blooie line so that the leak can
be stopped if it becomes dangerous. This valve should be in an accessible position in the case of a fire.
Because of the high flow rates used in air drilling this drum will not add an appreciable lag time to a
show.

Eight (8) sample boxes 12 inches in length are normally included in the kit. These will generally collect
samples from about a 10' interval before becoming filled. The box affords a collection of samples in the
order they were drilled from the bottom to the top of the vertical box.

In some areas it has been found that the air drilled cuttings were so small that it was necessary to have a
higher than normal magnification for observing them under the microscope. For this reason, the 4X
objective, sharp pointed tweezers and a high powered microscope lamp have been included in the kit, as
well as a 30 mesh sieve for better separation of the cuttings. Though the cuttings are so badly
pulverized, it will normally be found that the standard method of examining cutting will be sufficient.

2.4 Well Problems

2.4.1 Washout of the Drill String

A washout is a hole through the drill pipe or drill collars, usually at a tool joint. Once seepage starts
through such a leak, it takes only a matter of a few moments for a sizeable hole to develop. Besides the
damage to the drill pipe or drill collars from the presence of the hole itself, the attendant hazard of
twisting off the pipe occurs rapidly as the hole develops. Early detection of these leaks is, therefore,
highly critical.

When a hole has been washed out in the pipe the drilling mud will jet out through it with a force such
that a back pressure against the rig mud pumps will be seen. This decrease in pressure will usually
cause the pumps to run a little faster. As in the case of lost circulation or a pending kick, a washout
should be indicated in the logging unit by a gradual increase in the pump rate with a gradual loss in
pump pressure.

The driller should immediately be notified of any unexplained increase in the pump rate or decrease in
the pump pressure. Conclusive proof of a washout in the drill pipe may be obtained by placing a lag
material (calcium carbide) in the drill pipe and watching for its return on the gas detector. If the lag
returns in an abnormally short time, a washout is almost certain. The approximate depth of the washout
can be determined by the lag.

Hints and Precautions

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 1. An increase, normally a gradual steady increase in the pump rate or a decrease in pump
pressure may be indicative of lost circulation, a pending kick, or a washout of the drill
pipe.

2. Check for a decrease (lost circulation), an increase (kick) or no change (washout) in the
pit volume.

3. Look carefully at the records on the recorder of the pump rate, pump pressure and pit
levels.
4. A lag may be run for more positive identification of a washout in the drill pipe.
However, the additional circulation required will enlarge the hole and weaken the drill
pipe further if there is a washout. Running such a lag should only be suggested to the
company representative as an option and should not be initiated by the logging crew.

2.4.2 Lost Circulation

Lost circulation is the term commonly given to the occurrence of losing whole drill mud from the mud
system into the sub-surface formation. The extent of loss of circulation, or the amount of mud lost, may
vary from only a slight amount to the complete loss of the mud from the hole.

From the sensors and instruments in the logging unit, it is possible to gain a great deal of information
that is helpful in preventing or controlling loss of circulation of the mud. The instrument and sensors
primarily involved in detecting these hazards are the pitwatcher, the stroke counters and the strip chart
recorders.

The pit watcher is the logging sensor used for indicating the level of mud in the mud pits. Combined
with the strip chart recording of the pit level, the pitwatcher more properly indicates the rate of change
in the mud level. It is this rate of change which is most indicative of the occurrence or extent of lost
circulation. For the best and most rapid detection of loss circulation the pitwatcher should be rigged up
in the suction pit.

An excessive drop in the level of the mud in the pits, while drilling is under way, indicates that mud is
being lost from the circulating system. It may be lost to a porous zone which is being drilled at the time
or to a zone up the hole that may be gradually taking mud or that the mud is being deliberately dumped
by the drill crew.

Loss of circulation should not be confused with loss of make up water or filtrate into the formation. The
latter is a normal continuous result of the wall-building property of drilling mud. As drilling is in
progress on any well, there is a normal decrease of the mud volume in the pits due to the increase of
depth, wall building and filtrate loss, and surface evaporation. So long as this fluid is not replaced, there
will be a normal, continuous, steady decrease in the mud pit level. Since the pit level is being recorded,
this normal rate of decrease will be apparent at a glance.

Lost circulation will be manifested by an abrupt decrease in the pit level which is apparent on the chart
recorder. The degree of abruptness will depend on the extent to which mud is being lost. Complete loss

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of returns will result in the entire contents of the pits being pumped away in a matter of a very few
minutes if undetected.

Serious cases of lost circulation will usually be accompanied by an increase in the pump rate. The speed
of the mud pumps increase because pumps are required to lift less mud out of the hole and doing less
work, they will run faster on the same power input. Another indication of lost circulation is an increase
in the hook load reading. This is due to the loss of buoyancy of the mud on the drill string.

The logger should keep a continuous watch on the mud pit volume and the rate of change on the chart
recorder. The cause of any abnormal increase or decrease in the pit volume should be immediately
determined.

2.4.3 Restriction in the Drill String

A restriction is anything which might impede the normal flow of mud through the drill string. This
restriction may take place at any point in the mud flow system. The restriction could be anything from a
pump problem to the hole packing off in the annulus around the drill string. Early detection and
warning of a restriction should be treated seriously and the driller should be notified immediately.

When a restriction occurs, the mud logger will see an increase in the pump pressure with a
corresponding decrease in the pump rate. If the restriction is not on the surface, then the problem is
either inside the drill string or in the annulus of the hole. One check that can be run is a "What-If"
hydraulics, this will compare the actual versus calculated pump pressure. If there is a big difference
between the two (2) values, then the logger should run another "What-If" hydraulics but with one less jet
than is actually in the bit. The logger may have to back out more than one jet to get the two values to
agree.

If the restriction is in the annulus, the logger will normally, but not always, see an increase in the surface
torque in the drill string. This is called "packing off". This is the most serious cause of a restriction and
something must be done immediately to correct the problem.

Hints and Precautions

1. A decrease in the pump rate with a corresponding increase in the pump pressure
may be indicative of a drill string restriction or the hole packing off.

2. Look carefully at the records of the pump rate, pump pressure and torque to know
which problem is occurring.

2.5 Well Kick

A kick may be defined as a condition which exists when the formation pressure exceeds the hydrostatic
pressure exerted by the drilling fluid, thus allowing an influx of formation fluids into the wellbore.

A blowout is an uncontrolled influx of formation fluids into the wellbore. A kick is not a blowout, but if
it is improperly handled, it may become a blowout.
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A condition which exists when the formation pressure is less than the hydrostatic pressure of the mud
plus any pressure losses and imposed pressures is known as overbalance. When the formation pressure
exceeds the total pressure exerted by the mud column, friction losses and imposed pressures, then this
condition is known as underbalance.

There are a number of factors which determine the severity of a kick. In order to allow fluid to flow
from the formation into the wellbore, there must be sufficient formation permeability and porosity for
this to occur. Permeability is a term used to describe the ability of a fluid to move through the rock and
porosity is a term used to measure the amount of space in the rock that contains fluid. Sand generally
has a greater potential for causing a kick than does a shale because: (1) the volume of the rock occupied
by fluid is greater than in a shale (porosity), and (2) the ability of the fluid to move through the rock
(permeability) is higher than it is for a shale. The third factor controlling kick severity is the amount of
underbalance. The greater the amount of underbalance, the easier it is for formation fluids to flow from
the formation into the wellbore.

2.5.1 Failure to Keep the Hole Full

Failure to fill the hole during a trip is a common cause. As pipe is removed from the well, the fluid level
in the wellbore falls because the metal in the drill pipe has displaced a certain amount of mud. With the
pipe no longer in the hole, mud itself must fill the void which has been created by removing the pipe. If
no additional mud is pumped into the well, the volume of fluid in the wellbore remains constant. A
volume of mud equal to the drill pipe displacement has filled the void created by removing the pipe, so
that fluid level in the hole must drop.

If the fluid level drops enough to decrease the hydrostatic head of the mud to a point where the
formation pressure exceeds the mud hydrostatic pressure, an influx of formation fluids into the wellbore
will occur.

2.5.2 Swabbing

Swab pressures are pressures created by pulling the drill string from the hole. The swab pressure acts
like a negative hydrostatic pressure, thus causing reduced bottom hole pressures. If the bottom hole
pressure becomes less than the formation pressure, an influx of formation fluids can occur (i.e. a kick).
There are a number of factors upon which swab pressures depend. Some of these are:

1. The speed at which the drill pipe is pulled from the hole.

2. Mud flow properties, especially the yield point and gel strength.

3. Hole geometry.

4. Balled up equipment (bit, drill collars, stabilizers).

Hole swabbing is very easy to recognize. First the hook load indicator may show more
drill string weight than what the string actually weighs. Although drag may depend on a

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 number of factors, it is an immediate tip off that potential hole swabbing can be taking
place. Hole swabbing can be detected by watching the fluid level as pipe is pulled from
the hole. If the fluid level does not fall enough or if the fluid seems to be following the
pipe as the pipe is pulled, swabbing is taking place. Again some remedial action must be
undertaken immediately. Swab pressures can become severe enough at times so that a
bottom hole pressure reduction of several hundred psi may occur. This is very common
in a gumbo formation and happens because some of the drilling assembly acts like a
piston, which impedes the flow of mud required to fill the void created as the pipe is
pulled.

It is common practice to pull up into casing and then put the rig in "high-high gear" and
get the pipe out of the hole in a hurry. Swab pressures are exerted at every point in the
open hole below the bit. In an area where hole washout is severe, the ID of the casing
may be less than the ID of the open hole. If this is true, the potential for hole swabbing is
just as great or greater once the bit has reached the casing as it was when the bit was still
in open hole. This may not always be the case, but caution should be exercised, and there
must not be any lapses in hole surveillance.

2.5.3 Lost Circulation

Lost circulation may be a cause of kicks. If lost returns occur, the fluid level in the hole begins to fall.
The length of the fluid column in the hole is decreased, thus causing the hydrostatic pressure of the mud
in the hole to decrease. If the hydrostatic pressure of the mud decreases to the point where it becomes
less than the formation pressure, a potential kick situation exists. If the lost circulation problem goes
undetected, a large amount of fluid influx can occur usually at the bottom of the wellbore or the casing
shoe.

2.5.4 Gas Cut Mud

Gas cut mud may cause a kick, although it does not happen very often. The source of gas in the mud is
generally the formation which the bit itself has cut. In the oil field, this phenomenon is variously
referred to as "drill gas", "cuttings gas", or "core volume".

Most gas expansion takes place near the surface of the well. If a large diameter hole is being drilled at a
high rate of penetration, the amount of gas cut up by the bit itself can be considerable. Expansion of the
gas occurs as the gas nears the surface, so the hydrostatic head of the mud is reduced. If the hydrostatic
head is reduced to a value lower than the formation pressure, a kick can occur. However, the hydrostatic
head reduction caused on bottom by gas cut mud is generally not a significant value. The main concern
when dealing with gas cut mud should be to make certain that the surface equipment is adequate to keep
gas cut mud from being pumped back down the hole. An operational degasser is a necessity when
dealing with gas cut mud.

2.5.5 Insufficient Mud Density

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Although most blowouts or kicks occur while drill pipe is being tripped, insufficient mud density is the
second most common cause of kicks. About 41% of all blowouts occur while drilling ahead, which
implies that the mud density in use at the time was not sufficient to control the formation pressure. In
the Gulf Coast area, most wells are drilled with higher than a 9.0 ppg mud weight. The normal
formation pressure in the Gulf Coast area is assumed to be 9.0 ppg. If 9.0 ppg or greater mud density is
insufficient to control formation pressure, then abnormal formation pressures exist. Insufficient mud
density and abnormal formation pressures often go hand-in-hand with one another.

There are a number of techniques available to aid in the detection of abnormal pressure. Among those
which may provide prior information that abnormal pressure exists are:

1. Paleontology

2. Offset well logs and analysis of offset well histories

3. Temperature changes

4. Gas readings

5. Formation resistivity

6. Cuttings appearance

7. Hole conditions

Each of the above may be an indication that abnormal pressure exists, but there are also a number of
techniques available which can be used to determine closely what the magnitude of the abnormal
pressure actually is. Among these are:

1. "D" exponent

2. Resistivity

The theory of detection of abnormal pressures will be dealt with in a separate section.

Since abnormal pressures and insufficient mud weights often go hand-in-hand, it would seem that a
solution to this problem would be to drill with high mud weights. However, high mud weights may
exceed the fracture gradient, causing stuck pipe, and lower the rate of penetration. The best practice is
probably to maintain enough mud weight to keep a slight overbalance and set additional casing when the
mud weight nears the fracture gradient in the weakest part of the open hole.

2.6 Kick Warning Signals

There are a number of indicators that may be watched which will warn of an impending kick.
Remember that the earlier a kick is detected, the more easily the control of the well can be maintained.
Early detection can keep a relatively minor problem from becoming a major catastrophe. It is the
responsibility of the individual crew member to be aware of and on the lookout for any indicators of

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abnormal hole conditions which may be noticed. Since most of the downhole information is inferred
from what happens to the drilling mud, most of the kick warnings also involve the drilling mud.

2.6.1 Flow Rate Increase

The most obvious indicator of a kicking well is an increase in the rate at which mud is returning from
the well while pumping mud in at a constant rate. Since mud enters and leaves the well at the same rate
under normal conditions, an increase in return mud flow means that the formation fluid is aiding in the
return mud flow. The increase in return flow rate may be noticed on a recorder, by visual inspection at
the bell nipple or shaker, or by the most obvious sign of all, the kelly bushings being pushed up from the
rotary table.

2.6.2 Pit Volume Increase

If fluid is leaving the well faster than it is being pumped into the well, there will be an increased volume
of mud in the pits. For this to be an early indicator, changes made and additions to the surface mud
system must be accounted for. Good communications are a necessity. Often times, adding a mud
treatment to the surface mud systems causes a pit level increase which can cause panic at other parts of
the rig because no one was told beforehand that the mud was being treated. By the same token, the level
in the pits could be rising due to a kick while everyone is attributing the level increase to mud treatment.
Anything done to the mud system at the surface must be made known to those people on the rig who
monitor the remote pit level indicators.

2.6.3 Well Flowing with the Pumps Off

When the rig pumps are not pumping mud into the hole, there should be no mud returning from the well.
It usually takes a few seconds for flow to stop after the pumps have been shut down. A continued flow
returning from the well after the pumps have been stopped is a very good kick indicator. If the mud in
the drill pipe is heavier than the mud in the annulus, the well will flow until the hydrostatic pressure in
the drill pipe and the annulus equalize. Slugging is easy to differentiate from a kick because a kick will
generally flow faster and faster while a slug in the drill pipe will cause a flow which decreases steadily
as the drill pipe and annulus hydrostatic pressures equalize.

2.6.4 Pump Pressure Decrease and Pump Stroke Increase

A change in pump pressure may be a kick warning signal. As formation fluid first enters the wellbore,
the mud may become flocculated (thick), causing an increase in pump pressure due to the increased mud
thickness. This rise in pump pressure is momentary and may go entirely unnoticed in a normal drilling
situation.

As an influx fluid enters the wellbore, the fluid column in the annulus becomes lighter. This makes the
mud in the drill pipe fall. The pump stroke rate will increase and the pump pressure will drop due to the
falling mud in the drill pipe.

Pump pressure changes can be caused by several different things. Among these are plugged pump
suction, aerated mud at the pump suction, pump component failure, washouts in the drill string, washed

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out bit nozzles, lost circulation and others. Pump pressure decrease is not necessarily a kick indicator,
but it is still good procedure to check for a kick if a pump pressure decrease is observed.

2.6.5 Improper Hole Fillups on Trips

As was previously mentioned, a predetermined number of pump strokes or barrels of

mud is required to fill the hole on trips. If the hole takes less than the calculated amount of mud to fill, it
is a fair assumption that formation fluid or gas has entered the wellbore. Although some influx has
entered the wellbore, the well may not flow because not enough has gotten into the annulus to lighten
the hydrostatic head of the mud in the annulus to a level below that of the formation pressure. However,
corrective action should be undertaken immediately if the hole takes less than the calculated amount of
mud on trips.

2.6.6 String Weight Change

A drill string weighs less when it is immersed in mud than it does in air because the mud provides a
buoyant effect on the drill string. Heavy mud exerts more buoyant force on a string of pipe than light
mud does. Formation fluid influx lightens the mud column and results in decreased buoyancy acting on
the drill string.

2.6.7 Drilling Breaks

It was stated previously that a rock must have sufficient permeability and porosity for a kick to occur.
Increasing porosity will result in drilling rate increases because more of the rock itself is occupied by
fluid and less space is occupied by the actual rock matrix itself. An abrupt change in the rate of
penetration usually signals a formation change (as in going from a shale into a sand). The sand has a
greater kick potential than a shale does, so it warrants stopping the pumps 3'-5' into the sand and
checking the well for flow. A gradual increase in the rate of penetration is not a drilling break, but it is
an abnormal pressure detection device and may warrant flow checks if it persists.

2.6.8 Changes in Mud Gas

As a well is being drilled, gas often enters the returning mud stream because gas is present in the
formation actually being chipped loose by the bit. The gas trapped in the pore spaces of the drilled rock
expands as it travels up the annulus. This gas can be detected at the surface with a gas detector. If the
amount of gas in the mud is high enough, a mud weight reduction at the flowline is observable due to
the gas bubbles present in the mud, and the mud is said to be gas cut.

Gas may also become entrapped in the mud as a result of the swab pressures created by pipe movement
while making trips and connections. If the pump strokes to circulate bottoms up are known, connection
gases and trip gases may be determined by counting the pump strokes since a trip or connection and
noting any increases or decreases in the gas level at the time that the gas is due at the surface.
Connection and trip gases must be evaluated by the amount of change from previous readings rather
than by the reading themselves. If the trip or connection gases keep increasing with each trip or
connection, there is a good chance that the formation pressure is increasing. However, increased

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connection or trip gases may also be caused by deteriorating mud flow properties or balled up
equipment. These two factors must be
considered before evaluating connection gases or trip gases.

Background gas is that gas which is encountered while actually drilling the well. If a gas bearing
formation is being drilled, gas will manifest itself at the surface. High gas readings do not automatically
mean that an increase in mud weight is required, but simply that a gas bearing formation has been
drilled. Of course gas may enter the wellbore from the formation as a result of underbalance. In this
case, the amount of gas entering the mud may not be sufficient to cause a kick because the volume of
gas entering the mud stream is low (low rock permeability). However, if a zone of higher permeability
is later drilled, a kick may occur. As a result, it often becomes necessary to determine whether the gas
has been caused by core volume cutting or bleed-in from the formation. A common way of determining
whether gas in the mud is caused by core volume cutting or formation gas influx is to circulate the
cuttings from the wellbore. If the gas readings fall back to a low value (they will not generally reach "0"
even if the hole is clean), the gas is probably a result of core volume cutting. If relatively high gas
reading persist, the gas may be a result of bleed-in from the formation and an increase in mud weight
may be necessary to correct this situation.

Gas cutting increases are a better warning sign of impending abnormal pressure than they are of an
impending kick. Caution must be used in evaluating gas readings, however; because of the variety of
sources which may cause gas reading to change.

Table I.

Displacement of Single-Acting Triplex Mud Pumps

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 Stroke Length
Liner
Size 7 7 1/2 8 8 1/2 9 9 1/2 10 11 12

3 .643[0153] .689[.0164] .734[.0175] .780[.0186] .826[.0197] .849[.0202] .918[.0219] 1.01[.0240] 1.10[.0262]

3 1/4 .754[.0180] .808[.0192] .862[.0205] .915[.0218] .969[.0231] .997[.0237] 1.08[.0257] 1.19[.0283] 1.29[.0262]

3 1/2 .874[.0208] .937[.0223] 1.00[.0238] 1.06[.0252] 1.12[.0267] 1.16[.0276] 1.25[.0298] 1.37[.0326] 1.50[.0357]

3 3/4 1.00[.0238] 1.08[.0257] 1.15[.0274] 1.22[.0290] 1.29[.0307] 1.33[.0317] 1.43[.0340] 1.58[.0376] 1.72[.0410]

4 1.14[.0271] 1.22[.0290] 1.31[.0312] 1.39[.0331] 1.47[.0350] 1.51[.0359] 1.63[.0388] 1.80[.0429] 1.96[.0467]

4 1/4 1.29[.0307] 1.38[.0329] 1.47[.0350] 1.57[.0374] 1.66[.0395] 1.70[.0405] 1.84[.0438] 2.03[.0483] 2.21[.0526]

4 1/2 1.45[.0345] 1.56[.0371] 1.65[.0393] 1.76[.0419] 1.86[.0443] 1.91[.0455] 2.07[.0493] 2.27[.0540] 2.48[.0590]

4 3/4 1.61[.0383] 1.73[.0412] 1.84[.0438] 1.96[.0467] 2.07[.0493] 2.13[.0507] 2.30[.0548] 2.53[.0602] 2.76[.0657]

5 1.79[.0426] 1.91[.0455] 2.04[.0486] 2.17[.0517] 2.30[.0548] 2.36[.0562] 2.55[.0607] 2.81[.0669] 3.06[.0729]

5 1/4 1.97[.0469] 2.11[.0502] 2.25[.0536] 2.39[.0569] 2.53[.0602] 2.60[.0619] 2.81[.0669] 3.09[.0736] 3.37[.0802]

5 1/2 2.16[.0514] 2.31[.0550] 2.47[.0588] 2.62[.0624] 2.78[.0662] 2.85[.0679] 3.09[.0736] 3.39[.0807] 3.70[.0881]

5 3/4 2.36[.0562] 2.53[.0602] 2.70[.0643] 2.87[.0683] 3.03[.0721] 3.12[.0743] 3.37[.0802] 3.71[.0883] 4.05[.0964]

6 2.57[.0612] 2.75[.0655] 2.94[.0700] 3.12[.0743] 3.30[.0786] 3.40[.0810] 3.67[.0874] 4.04[.0962] 4.41[.1050]

6 1/4 2.79[.0657] 2.99[.0712] 3.19[.0760] 3.39[.0807] 3.59[.0855] 3.69[.0879] 3.98[.0948] 4.38[.1043] 4.78[.1138]

6 1/2 3.02[.0719] 3.23[.0769] 3.45[.0821] 3.66[.0871] 3.88[.0923] 3.99[.0950] 4.31[.1026] 4.74[.1129] 5.17[.1231]

6 3/4 3.25[.0774] 3.49[.0831] 3.72[.0886] 3.95[.0941] 4.18[.0995] 4.30[.1024] 4.65[.1107] 5.11[.1217] 5.58[.1329]

7 3.50[.0833] 3.75[.0893] 4.00[.0952] 4.25[.1012] 4.50[.1071] 4.62[.1100] 5.00[.1190] 5.50[.1340] 6.00[.1429]

7 1/4 3.75[.0893] 4.02[.0957] 4.29[.1021] 4.56[.1086] 4.83[.1150] 5.09[.1212] 5.36[.1276] 5.90[.1405] 6.43[.1531]

7 1/2 4.02[.0957] 4.30[.1024] 4.59[.1093] 4.88[.1162] 5.16[.1229] 5.45[.1298] 5.74[.1367] 6.31[.1502] 6.89[.1640]

7 3/4 4.29[.1021] 4.60[.1095] 4.90[.1167] 5.21[.1240] 5.51[.1312] 5.82[.1386] 6.13[.1460] 6.74[.1605] 7.35[.1750]

8 4.57[.1088] 4.90[.1167] 5.22[.1243] 5.55[.1321] 5.88[.1400] 6.20[.1476] 6.53[.1555] 7.18[.1709] 7.83[.1864]

Note: Liner sizes and stroke length in inches

Displacement expressed in gallons [barrels] per stroke at 100 percent volumetric
efficiency.

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Table II.

Hole Capacities

Hole size Capacity Hole size Capacity Hole size Capacity

(inches) (bbls/ft) (inches) (bbls/ft) (inches) (bbls/ft)

2 1/2 .0061 7 .0476

11 7/8 .1370
2 5/8 .0067 7 1/8 .0493
12 .1399
2 3/4 .0073 7 1/4 .0511
12 1/8 .1428
2 7/8 .0080 7 5/8 .0565
12 1/4 .1458
3 .0087 7 3/4 .0583
12 3/8 .1488
3 1/8 .0095 7 7/8 .0602
12 1/2 .1518
3 1/4 .0103 8 .0622
12 5/8 .1548
3 3/8 .0107 8 1/8 .0641
12 3/4 .1579
3 1/2 .0119 8 1/4 .0661
12 7/8 .1610
3 5/8 .0128 8 3/8 .0673
13 .1642
3 3/4 .0137 8 1/2 .0702
13 1/8 .1673
3 7/8 .0146 8 5/8 .0723
13 1/4 .1705
4 .0155 8 3/4 .0744
13 3/8 .1738
4 1/8 .0165 9 .0787
13 1/2 .1770
4 1/4 .0175 9 1/8 .0809
13 5/8 .1803
4 3/8 .0186 9 1/4 .0831
13 3/4 .1837
4 1/2 .0197 9 3/8 .0854
13 7/8 .1870
4 5/8 .0208 9 1/2 .0877
14 .1904
4 3/4 .0219 9 5/8 .0900
14 1/8 .1938

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 4 7/8 .0231 9 3/4 .0923
14 1/4 .1973
5 .0243 9 7/8 .0947
14 3/8 .2007
5 1/8 .0255 10 .0971
14 ½ .2042
5 1/4 .0268 10 1/8 .0996
14 5/8 .2078
5 3/8 .0281 10 1/4 .1021
14 3/4 .2113
5 1/2 .0268 10 3/8 .1046
14 7/8 .2149
5 5/8 .0307 10 1/2 .1071
15 .2186
5 3/4 .0321 10 5/8 .1097
15 1/8 .2222
5 7/8 .0335 10 3/4 .1123
15 1/4 .2259
6 .0350 10 7/8 .1149
15 3/8 .2296
6 1/8 .0364 11 .1175
15 ½ .2334
6 1/4 .0379 11 1/8 .1202
15 5/8 .2372
6 3/8 .0395 11 1/4 .1229
15 3/4 .2410
6 1/2 .0410 11 3/8 .1257
15 7/8 .2448
6 5/8 .0426 11 1/2 .1285
16 .2487
6 3/4 .0443 11 5/8 .1313
16 1/8 .2526
6 7/8 .0459 11 3/4 .1341
16 1/4 .2565

Hole size Capacity Hole size Capacity Hole size Capacity

(inches) (bbls/ft) (inches) (bbls/ft) (inches) (bbls/ft)

16 3/8 .2605 21 3/8 .4438

26 3/8 .6757
16 1/2 .2645 21 1/2 .4490
26 1/2 .6822
16 5/8 .2685 21 5/8 .4543
26 5/8 .6886
16 3/4 .2725 21 3/4 .4595
26 3/4 .6951
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 16 7/8 .2766 21 7/8 .4648
26 7/8 .7016
17 .2807 22 .4702
27 .7082
17 1/8 .2849 22 1/8 .4755
27 1/8 .7147
17 1/4 .2890 22 1/4 .4809
27 1/4 .7213
17 3/8 .2933 22 3/8 .4863
27 3/8 .7280
17 1/2 .2975 22 1/2 .4918
27 1/2 .7346
17 5/8 .3018 22 5/8 .4973
27 5/8 .7413
17 3/4 .3061 22 3/4 .5028
27 3/4 .7480
17 7/8 .3072 22 7/8 .5083
27 7/8 .7548
18 .3147 23 .5139
28 .7616
18 1/8 .3191 23 1/8 .5195
28 1/8 .7684
18 1/4 .3235 23 1/4 .5251
28 1/4 .7752
18 3/8 .3280 23 3/8 .5308
28 3/8 .7821
18 1/2 .3325 23 1/2 .5365
28 1/2 .7890
18 5/8 .3370 23 5/8 .5422
28 5/8 .7960
18 3/4 .3415 23 3/4 .5479
28 3/4 .8029
18 7/8 .3461 23 7/8 .5537
28 7/8 .8099
19 .3507 24 .5595
29 .8169
19 1/8 .3553 24 1/8 .5654
29 1/8 .8240
19 1/4 .3507 24 1/4 .5712
29 1/4 .8311
19 3/8 .3647 24 3/8 .5771
29 3/8 .8382
19 1/2 .3694 24 1/2 .5831
29 1/2 .8454
19 5/8 .3741 24 5/8 .5890
29 5/8 .8525

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 19 3/4 .3789 24 3/4 .5950
29 3/4 .8597
19 7/8 .3837 24 7/8 .6011
29 7/8 .8670
20 .3886 25 .6071
30 .8743
20 1/8 .3934 25 1/8 .6132
30 1/8 .8816
20 1/4 .3983 25 1/4 .6193
30 1/4 .8889
20 3/8 .4033 25 3/8 .6230
30 3/8 .8963
20 1/2 .4082 25 1/2 .6317
30 1/2 .9036
20 5/8 .4132 25 5/8 .6379
30 5/8 .9111
20 3/4 .4182 25 3/4 .6441
30 3/4 .9185
20 7/8 .4233 25 7/8 .6504
30 7/8 .9260
21 .4284 26 .6567
31 .9355
21 1/8 .4335 26 1/8 .6630
31 1/8 .9411
21 1/4 .4386 26 1/4 .6694
31 1/4 .9486

Table III.

Casing Data
Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

4 1/2 9.50 F-25 0.205 4.090 3.965 5.000 1,990 .0162 .0034

9.50 H-40 0.205 4.090 3.965 5.000 1,990 .0162 .0034

9.50 J-55 0.205 4.090 3.965 5.000 4.380 .0162 .0034

10.50 J-55 0.224 4.052 3.927 5.000 4,790 .0159 .0037
11.60 J-55 0.250 4.000 3.875 5.000 5,350 .0155 .0041

9.50 K-55 0.205 4.090 3.965

5.000
4,380
.0162

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 .0034
10.50 K-55 0.224 4.052 3.927 5.000
4,790 .0159 .0037
11.60 K-55 0.250 4.000 3.875 5.000
5,350 .0155 .0041

11.60
C-75

0.250

4.000
3.875
5.000
7,290

.0155

.0041
13.50
C-75

0.290

3.920
3.795
5.000
8,460

.0149

.0047

11.60
L-80

0.250

4.000

3.875
5.000
7,780

.0155

.0041
13.50
L-80

0.290

3.920

3.795
5.000
9,020

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 .0149

.0047

11.60
N-80

0.250

4.000

3.875

5.000
7,780

.0155

.0041
13.50
N-80

0.290

3.920

3.795
5.000
9,020

.0149

.0047

11.60
C-90

0.250

4.000

3.875
5.000
8,750

.0155

.0041
13.50
C-90

0.290

3.920

3.795
5.000

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 10,150

.0149

.0047

11.60 C-95 0.250 4.000

3.875
5.000
9,240
.0155

.0041
13.50
C-95

0.290

3.920

3.795
5.000

10,710

.0149

.0047

11.60

P-110

0.250

4.000

3.875
5.000

10,690

.0155

.0041
13.50

P-110

0.290

3.920

3.795
5.000

12,410

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 .0149

.0047
15.10

P-110

0.337

3.826

3.701
5.000

14,420

.0142

.0055

15.10

V-150
0.337

3.826

3.701
5.000

19.660

.0142

.0055

5 11.50

F-25
0.220

4.560
4.435
5.563
1,930

.0202

.0041

11.50 J-55 0.220

4.560

4.435

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 5.563
4,240
.0202

.0041
13.00 J-55 0.253 4.494 4.369
5.563
4,870
.0196

.0047
15.00 J-55 0.296 4.408 4.283
5.563
5,700
.0189

.0054

11.50 K-55 0.220

4.560
4.435

5.563
4,280
.0202

.0041
13.00 K-55 0.253

4.494
4.369

5.563
4,870
.0196

.0047
15.00 K-55 0.296

4.408
4.283

5.563
5,700
.0189

.0054

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 Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

5 15.00 C-75

0.296

4.408

4.283

5.563

7,770
.0189

.0054
18.00 C-75 0.362

4.276
4.151

5.563
9,600
.0178

.0065
20.30

C-75

0.408
4.184
4.059

5.563
10.710

.0170

.0073
21.40

C-75

0.437

4.126
4.001

5.563
-----

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 .0165

.0077
23.20

C-75

0.478

4.044
3.919

5.563
15,890

.0159

.0084
24.10

C-75

0.500

4.000
3.875

5.563
13,130

.0155

.0087

15.00

L-80

0.296

4.408

4.283

5.563
8,290

.0189

.0054
18.00

L-80
0.362
4.276

4.151

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 5.563
10,140

.0178

.0065
21.40

L-80
0.437
4.126

4.001

5.563
11,420

.0165

.0077
23.20

L-80
0.478
4.044

3.919

5.563
12,520

.0159

.0084
24.10

L-80
0.500
4.000

3.875

5.563
------

.0155

.0087

15.00 N-80

0.296

4.408

4.283

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Surface Logging Systems
 5.563

8,290

.0189

.0054
18.00 N-80

0.362

4.276

4.151

5.563

10,140

.0178

.0065
20.30 N-80

0.408

4.184

4.059

5.563

11,420

.0170

.0072
23.20 N-80

0.478

4.044

3.919

5.563

12,550

.0159

.0084
24.10 N-80

0.500

4.000

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Surface Logging Systems
 3.875

5.563

14,000

.0155

.0087

15.00 C-90

0.296

4.408

4.283

5.563

9,320

.0189

.0054
18.00 C-90

0.362

4.276

4.151

5.563

11,400

.0178

.0065
21.40 C-90

0.437

4.126

4.001

5.563

-----

.0165

.0077
23.20 C-90

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 0.478

4.044

3.919

5.563

15,060

.0159

.0084
24.10 C-90

0.500

4.000

3.875

5.563

15,750

.0155

.0087

15.00 C-95

0.296

4.408

4.283

5.563

9.840

.0189

.0054
18.00 C-95

0.362

4.276

4.151

5.563

12,040

.0178

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Surface Logging Systems
 .0065
20.30 C-95

0.408

4.184

4.059

5.563

13,560

.0170

.0072
21.40 C-95

0.437

4.126

4.001

5.563

-----

.0165

.0077
23.20 C-95

0.478

4.044

3.919

5.563

15,890

.0159

.0084
24.10 C-
95

0.5
00

4.0
00

3.8
75

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 5.5
63

16,
630

.01
55

.00
87

15.00 P-110

0.296

4.408

4.283

5.563

11,400

.0189

.0054
18.00 P-110

0.362

4.276

4.151

5.563

13,940

.0178

.0065
20.30 P-110

0.408

4.184

4.059

5.563

15,710

.0170

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0072
21.40 P-110

0.437

4.126

4.001

5.563

-----

.0165

.0077
23.20 P-110

0.478

4.044

3.919

5.563

18,400

.0159

.0084
24.10 P-110

0.500

4.000

3.875

5.563

19,250

.0155

.0087

15.00 V-150

0.296

4.408

4.283

5.563

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 15,540

.0189

.0054
18.00 V-150

0.362

4.276

4.151

5.563

19,000

.0178

.0065
20.30 V-150

0.408

4.156

4.031

5.563

20,280

.0168

.0075
24.,20 V-150

0.500

4.000

3.875

5.563

20,280

.0155

.0087

5 1/4 ** 16.00

---

0.300

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 4.650

4.525

6.050

-----

.0210

.0058

5 1/2 13.00

F-25

0.228

5.044

4.919

6.050

1,810

.0247

.0047

14.00 H-40

0.244

5.012

4.887

6.050

3,110

.0244

.0050

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

5 1/2 14.00

J-55

0.244

5.012

4.887

6.050

4,270

.0244

.0050
15.50 J-55

0.275

4.950

4.825

6.050

4,810

.0238

.0056
17.00 J-55

0.304

4.892

4.767

6.050

5,320

.0232

.0061

14.00

K-55

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.244

5.012

4.887

6.050

4,270

.0244

.0050
15.50 K-55

0.275

4.950

4.825

6.050

4,810

.0238

.0056
17.00 K-55

0.304

4.892

4.767

6.050

5,320

.0232

.0061

17.00

C-75

0.304

4.892

4.767

6.050

7,250

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0232

.0061
20.00 C-75

0.361

4.778

4.653

6.050

8,610

.0222

.0072
23.00 C-75

0.415

4.670

4.545

6.050

9,900

.0212

.0082
26.00 C-75

0.476

4.548

4.423

6.050

11,360

.0201

.0093

17.00 L-80

0.304

4.892

4.767

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.050

7,740

.0232

.0061
20.00 L-80

0.361

4.778

4.653

6.050

9,190

.0222

.0072
23.00 L-80

0.415

4.670

4.545

6.050

10,560

.0212

.0082

17.00 N-80

0.304

4.892

4.767

6.050

7,740

.0232

.0061
20.00 N-80

0.361

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 4.778

4.653

6.050

9,190

.0222

.0072
23.00 N-80

0.415

4.670

4.545

6.050

10,560

.0212

.0082
26.00 N-80

0.476

4.548

4.423

6.050

12,120

.0201

.0093

17.00 C-90

0.304

4.892

4.767

6.050

8,710

.0232

.0061

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 20.00 C-90

0.361

4.778

4.653

6.050

10,340

.0222

.0072
23.00 C-90

0.415

4.670

4.545

6.050

11,880

.0212

.0082
26.00 C-90

0.476

4.548

4.423

6.050

13,630

.0201

.0093
35.00 C-90

0.650

4.200

4.075

6.050

.0171

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0122

17.00 C-95

0.304

4.892

4.767

6.050

9,190

.0232

.0061
20.00 C-95

0.361

4.778

4.653

6.050

10,910

.0222

.0072
23.00 C-95

0.415

4.670

4.545

6.050

12,540

.0212

.0082
26.00 C-95

0.476

4.548

4.423

6.050

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 14,390

.0201

.0093

17.00 P-110

0.304

4.892

4.767

6.050

10,640

.0232

.0061
20.00 P-110

0.361

4.778

4.653

6.050

12,640

.0222

.0072
23.00 P-110

0.415

4.670

4.545

6.050

14,520

.0212

.0092
26.00 P-110

0.476

4.548

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 4.423

6.050

16,660

.0201

.0093

20.00 V-150

0.361

4.778

4.653

6.050

17,230

.0222

.0072
23.00 V-150

0.415

4.670

4.545

6.050

18,520

.0212

.0092
26.00 V-150

0.476

4.548

4.423

6.050

22,720

.0201

.0093

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 5 9/16 ** 15.00

---

0.258

5.047

4.922

6.625

-----

.0247

.0053

Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

6 15.00

F-25

0.238

5.524

5.399

6.625

1,740

.0296

.0053

18.00 H-40

0.288

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 5.424

5.299

6.625

3,360

.0286

.0064

18.00 J-55

0.288

5.424

5.299

6.625

4,620

.0286

.0064

18.00 N-80

0.288

5.424

5.299

6.625

6,720

.0286

.0064
20.00 N-80

0.324

5.352

5.227

6.625

7,560

.0278

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0071
23.00 N-80

0.380

5.240

5.115

6.625

8,870

.0267

.0083

23.00 P-110

0.380

5.240

5.115

6.625

12,190

.0267

.0083
26.00 P-110

0.434

5.132

5.007

6.625

13,920

.0256

.0094

6 5/8 17.00

F-25

0.245

6.135

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.101

7.390

1,620

.0366

.0061

20.00 H-40

0.288

6.049

5.924

7.390

3,040

.0355

.0071

20.00 J-55

0.288

6.049

5.924

7.390

4,180

.0355

.0071
24.00 J-55

0.352

5.921

5.796

7.390

5,110

.0341

.0086

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 20.00 K-55

0.288

6.049

5.924

7.390

4,180

.0355

.0071
24.00 K-55

0.352

5.921

5.796

7.390

5,110

.0341

.0086

24.00 C-75

0.352

5.921

5.796

7.390

6,970

.0341

.0086
28.00 C-75

0.417

5.791

5.666

7.390

8,260

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0326

.0101
32.00 C-75

0.475

5.675

5.550

7.390

9,410

.0313

.0114

24.00 L-80

0.352

5.921

5.796

7.390

7,440

.0341

.0086
28.00 L-80

0.417

5.791

5.666

7.390

8,810

.0326

.0101
32.00 L-80

0.475

5.675

5.550

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 7.390

10,040

.0313

.0114

24.00 N-80

0.352

5.921

5.796

7.390

7,440

.0341

.0086
28.00 N-80

0.417

5.791

5.666

7.390

8,810

.0326

.0101
32.00 N-80

0.475

5.675

5.550

7.390

10,040

.0313

.0114

24.00 C-90

0.352

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 5.921

5.796

7.390

8,370

.0341

.0086
28.00 C-90

0.417

5.791

5.666

7.390

9,910

.0326

.0101
32.00 C-90

0.475

5.675

5.550

7.390

11,290

.0313

.0114

24.00 C-95

0.352

5.921

5.796

7.390

8,830

.0341

.0086

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 28.00 C-95

0.417

5.791

5.666

7.390

10,460

.0326

.0101
32.00 C-95

0.475

5.675

5.550

7.390

11,920

.0313

.0114

24.00 P-110

0.352

5.921

5.796

7.390

10,230

.0341

.0086
28.00 P-110

0.417

5.791

5.666

7.390

12,120

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0326

.0101
32.00 P-110

0.475

5.675

5.550

7.390

13,800

.0313

.0114

Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

7 17.00

F-25

0.231

6.538

6.413

7.656

1,440

.0415

.0061
17.00 H-40

0.231

6.538

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.413

7.656

2,310

.0415

.0061
20.00 H-40

0.272

6.456

6.331

7.656

2,720

.0405

.0071

20.00 J-55

0.272

6.456

6.331

7.656

3,720

.0405

.0071
23.00 J-55

0.317

6.366

6.241

7.656

4,360

.0394

.0082
26.00 J-55

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.362

6.276

6.151

7.656

4,980

.0383

.0093

20.00 K-55

0.272

6.456

6.331

7.656

3,720

.0405

.0071
23.00 K-55

0.317

6.366

6.241

7.656

4,360

.0394

.0082
26.00 K-55

0.362

6.276

6.151

7.656

4,980

.0383

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0093

23.00 C-75

0.317

6.366

6.241

7.656

5,940

.0394

.0082
26.00 C-75

0.362

6.276

6.151

7.656

6,790

.0383

.0093
29.00 C-75

0.408

6.184

6.059

7.656

7,650

.0371

.0105
32.00 C-75

0.453

6.094

5.969

7.656

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 8,490

.0361

.0115
35.00 C-75

0.498

6.004

5.879

7.656

9,340

.0350

.0126
38.00 C-75

0.540

5.920

5.795

7.656

10,120

.0340

.0136

23.00

L-80

0.317

6.366

6.241

7.656

6,340

.0394

.0082
26.00 L-80

0.362

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.276

6.151

7.656

7,240

.0383

.0093
29.00 L-80

0.408

6.184

6.059

7.656

8,160

.0371

.0105
32.00 L-80

0.453

6.094

5.969

7.656

9,060

.0361

.0115
35.00 L-80

0.498

6.004

5.879

7.656

9,960

.0350

.0126
38.00 L-80

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.540

5.920

5.795

7.656

10,800

.0340

.0136

23.00

N-80

0.317

6.366

6.241

7.656

6,340

.0394

.0082
26.00 N-80

0.362

6.276

6.151

7.656

7,240

.0383

.0093
29.00 N-80

0.408

6.184

6.059

7.656

8,160

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0371

.0105
32.00 N-80

0.453

6.094

5.969

7.656

9,060

.0361

.0115
35.00 N-80

0.498

6.004

5.879

7.656

9,960

.0350

.0126
38.00 N-80

0.540

5.920

5.795

7.656

10,800

.0340

.0136

23.00 C-90

0.317

6.366

6.241

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 7.656

7,130

.0394

.0082
26.00 C-90

0.362

6.276

6.151

7.656

8,150

.0383

.0093
29.00 C-90

0.408

6.184

6.059

7.656

9,180

.0371

.0105
32.00 C-90

0.453

6.094

5.969

7.656

10,190

.0361

.0115
35.00 C-90

0.498

6.004

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 5.879

7.656

11,200

.0350

.0126
38.00 C-90

0.540

5.920

5.795

7.656

12,150

.0340

.0136

23.00 C-95

0.317

6.366

6.241

7.656

7,530

.0394

.0082
26.00 C-95

0.362

6.276

6.151

7.656

8,600

.0383

.0093
29.00 C-95

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.408

6.184

6.059

7.656

9,690

.0371

.0105
32.00 C-95

0.453

6.094

5.969

7.656

10,760

.0361

.0115
35.00 C-95

0.498

6.004

5.879

7.656

11,830

.0350

.0126
38.00 C-95

0.540

5.920

5.795

7.656

12,820

.0340

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0136

Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

7 26.00

P-110

0.362

6.276

6.151

7.656

9,960

.0383

.0093
29.00 P-110

0.408

6.184

6.059

7.656

11,220

.0371

.0105
32.00 P-110

0.453

6.094

5.969

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 7.656

12,460

.0361

.0115
35.00 P-110

0.498

6.004

5.879

7.656

13,700

.0350

.0126
38.00 P-110

0.540

5.920

5.795

7.656

14,850

.0340

.0136

29.00 V-150

0.408

6.184

6.059

7.656

15,300

.0371

.0105
32.00 V-150

0.453

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.094

5.969

7.656

16,990

.0361

.0115
35.00 V-150

0.498

6.004

5.879

7.656

17,320

.0350

.0126
38.00 V-150

0.540

5.920

5.795

7.656

17,320

.0340

.0136

7 5/8 20.00

F-25

0.250

7.125

7.000

8.500

1,430

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0493

.0072

24.00 H-40

0.300

7.025

6.900

8.500

2,750

.0479

.0085

26.40 J-55

0.328

6.969

6.844

8.500

4,140

.0472

.0093

26.40 K-55

0.328

6.969

6.844

8.500

4,140

.0472

.0093

26.40 C-75

0.328

6.969

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.844

8.500

5,650

.0472

.0093
29.70 C-75

0.375

6.875

6.750

8.500

6,450

.0459

.0106
33.70 C-75

0.430

6.765

6.640

8.500

7,400

.0445

.0120
39.00 C-75

0.500

6.625

6.500

8.500

8,610

.0426

.0138
42.80 C-75

0.562

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.501

6.376

8.500

9,670

.0411

.0154
45.30 C-75

0.595

6.435

6.310

8.500

10,240

.0402

.0163
47.10 C-75

0.625

6.375

6.250

8.500

10,760

.0395

.0170

26.40

L-80

0.328

6.969

6.844

8.500

6,020

.0472

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0093
29.70 L-80

0.375

6.875

6.750

8.500

6,890

.0459

.0106
33.70 L-80

0.430

6.765

6.640

8.500

7,900

.0445

.0120
39.00 L-80

0.500

6.625

6.500

8.500

9,180

.0426

.0138
42.80 L-80

0.562

6.501

6.376

8.500

10,320

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0411

.0154
45.30 L-80

0.595

6.435

6.310

8.500

10.920

.0402

.0163
47.10 L-80

0.625

6.375

6.250

8.500

11,480

.0395

.0170

26.40 N-80

0.328

6.969

6.844

8.500

6,020

.0472

.0093
29.70 N-80

0.375

6.875

6.750

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 8.500

6,890

.0459

.0106
33.70 N-80

0.430

6.765

6.640

8.500

7,900

.0445

.0120
39.00 N-80

0.500

6.625

6.500

8.500

9,180

.0426

.0138
42.80 N-80

0.562

6.501

6.376

8.500

10,320

.0411

.0154
45.30 N-80

0.595

6.435

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.310

8.500

10,920

.0402

.0163
47.10 N-80

0.625

6.375

6.250

8.500

11,480

.0395

.0170

26.40 C-90

0.328

6.969

6.844

8.500

6,780

.0472

.0093
29.70 C-90

0.375

6.875

6.750

8.500

7,750

.0459

.0106
33.70 C-90

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.430

6.765

6.640

8.500

8,880

.0445

.0120
39.00 C-90

0.500

6.625

6.500

8.500

10,330

.0426

.0138
42.80 C-90

0.562

6.501

6.376

8.500

11,610

.0411

.0154
45.30 C-90

0.595

6.435

6.310

8.500

12,290

.0402

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0163
47.10 C-90

0.625

6.375

6.250

8.500

12,910

.0395

.0170

Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

7 5/8 26.40

C-95

0.328

6.969

6.844

8.500

7,150

.0472

.0093
29.70 C-95

0.375

6.875

6.750

8.500

8,180

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0459

.0106
33.70 C-95

0.430

6.765

6.640

8.500

9,380

.0445

.0120
39.00 C-95

0.500

6.625

6.500

8.500

10,900

.0426

.0138
42.80 C-95

0.562

6.501

6.376

8.500

12,250

.0411

.0154
45.30 C-95

0.595

6.435

6.310

8.500

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 12,970

.0402

.0163
47.10 C-95

0.625

6.375

6.250

8.500

13,630

.0395

.0170

29.70 P-110

0.375

6.875

6.750

8.500

9,470

.0459

.0106
33.70 P-110

0.430

6.765

6.640

8.500

10,860

.0445

.0120
39.00 P-110

0.500

6.625

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.500

8.500

12,620

.0426

.0138
42.80 P-110

0.562

6.501

6.376

8.500

14,190

.0411

.0154
45.30 P-110

0.595

6.435

6.310

8.500

15,020

.0402

.0163
47.10 P-110

0.625

6.375

6.250

8.500

15,780

.0395

.0170

33.70 V-150

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.430

6.765

6.640

8.500

14,800

.0445

.0120
39.00 V-150

0.500

6.625

6.500

8.500

17,310

.0426

.0138
45.30 V-150

0.595

6.435

6.310

8.500

19,680

.0402

.0163

7 3/4 ** 46.10

Q-125

0.595

6.560

6.500

8.500

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 16,790

.0418

.0165

8 ** 16.00

---

0.186

7.628

7.503

-----

-----

.0565

.0056
** 20.00

---

0.236

7.528

7.403

-----

-----

.0550

.0071
** 23.09

---

0.280

7.440

7.315

-----

-----

.0538

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0084
** 26.00

---

0.307

7.386

7.261

-----

-----

.0530

.0092

8 1/8 ** 28.00

---

0.320

7.485

7.360

-----

-----

.0544

.0097
** 32.00

---

0.370

7.385

7.260

-----

-----

.0530

.0111
** 35.50

---

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.420

7.285

7.160

-----

-----

.0516

.0126
** 36.00

---

0.420

7.285

7.160

-----

-----

.0516

.0126
** 39.50

---

0.470

7.185

7.060

-----

-----

.0501

.0140
** 40.00

---

0.470

7.185

7.060

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 -----

-----

.0501

.0140
** 42.00

---

0.500

7.125

7.000

-----

-----

.0493

.0148

8 5/8 24.00

F-25

0.264

8.097

7.972

9.625

1,340

.0637

.0086

28.00 H-40

0.304

8.017

7.892

9.625

2,470

.0624

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0098
32.00 H-40

0.352

7.921

7.796

9.625

2,860

.0609

.0113

24.00 J-55

0.264

8.097

7.972

9.625

2,950

.0637

.0086
32.00 J-55

0.352

7.921

7.796

9.625

3,930

.0609

.0113
36.00 J-55

0.400

7.825

7.700

9.625

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 4,460

.0595

.0128

24.00

K-55

0.264

8.097

7.972

9.625

2,950

.0637

.0086
32.00 K-55

0.352

7.921

7.796

9.625

3,930

.0609

.0113
36.00 K-55

0.400

7.825

7.700

9.625

4,460

.0595

.0128

36.00 C-75

0.400

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 7.825

7.700

9.625

6,090

.0595

.0128
40.00 C-75

0.450

7.725

7.600

9.625

6,850

.0580

.0143
44.00 C-75

0.500

7.625

7.500

9.625

7,610

.0565

.0158
49.00 C-75

0.557

7.511

7.386

9.625

8,480

.0548

.0175

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

8 5/8 36.00

L-80

0.400

7.825

7.700

9.625

6,090

.0595

.0128
40.00 L-80

0.450

7.725

7.600

9.625

6,850

.0580

.0143
44.00 L-80

0.500

7.625

7.500

9.625

7,610

.0565

.0158
49.00 L-80

0.557

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 7.511

7.386

9.625

8,480

.0548

.0175

36.00 N-80

0.400

7.825

7.700

9.625

6,490

.0595

.0128
40.00 N-80

0.450

7.725

7.600

9.625

7,300

.0580

.0143
44.00 N-80

0.500

7.625

7.500

9.625

8,120

.0565

.0158

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 49.00 N-80

0.557

7.511

7.386

9.625

9,040

.0548

.0175

36.00 C-90

0.400

7.825

7.700

9.625

7,300

.0595

.0128
40.00 C-90

0.450

7.725

7.600

9.625

8,220

.0580

.0143
44.00 C-90

0.500

7.625

7.500

9.625

9,130

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0565

.0158
49.00 C-90

0.557

7.511

7.386

9.625

10,170

.0548

.0175

36.00 C-95

0.400

7.825

7.700

9.625

7,710

.0595

.0128
40.00 C-95

0.450

7.725

7.600

9.625

8,670

.0580

.0143
44.00 C-95

0.500

7.625

7.500

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 9.625

9,640

.0565

.0158
49.00 C-95

0.557

7.511

7.386

9.625

10,740

.0548

.0175

40.00 P-110

0.450

7.725

7.600

9.625

10,040

.0580

.0143
44.00 P-110

0.500

7.625

7.500

9.625

11,160

.0565

.0158
49.00 P-110

0.557

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 7.511

7.386

9.625

12,430

.0548

.0175

44.00 V-150

0.500

7.625

7.500

9.625

15,220

.0565

.0158
49.00 V-150

0.557

7.511

7.386

9.625

16,950

.0548

.0175

8 3/4 ** 49.70

---

0.557

7.636

7.500

9.625

-----

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0566

.0177

9 ** 19.00

---

0.196

8.608

8.483

10.000

-----

.0720

.0067
** 34.00

---

0.355

8.290

8.165

10.000

-----

.0668

.0119
** 38.00

---

0.402

8.196

8.071

10.000

-----

.0653

.0134
** 40.00

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 ---

0.425

8.150

8.025

10.000

-----

.0645

.0142
** 41.20

---

0.425

8.150

8.025

10.000

-----

.0645

.0142
** 45.00

---

0.484

8.032

7.907

10.000

-----

.0627

.0160
** 46.10

---

0.484

8.032

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 7.907

10.000

-----

.0627

.0160
** 50.20

---

0.545

7.910

7.785

10.000

-----

.0608

.0179
** 54.00

---

0.595

7.810

7.685

10.000

-----

.0593

.0194
** 55.00

---

0.594

7.812

7.687

10.000

-----

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0593

.0194

9 5/8 29.30

F-25

0.281

9.063

8.907

10.625

1,280

.0798

.0102

32.30 H-40

0.312

9.001

8.845

10.625

2,270

.0787

.0113
36.00 H-40

0.352

8.921

8.765

10.625

2,560

.0773

.0127

36.00 J-55

0.352

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 8.921

8.765

10.625

3,520

.0773

.0127
40.00 J-55

0.395

8.835

8.679

10.625

3,950

.0758

.0142

36.00 K-55

0.352

8.921

8.765

10.625

3,520

.0773

.0127
40.00 K-55

0.395

8.835

8.679

10.625

3,950

.0758

.0142

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

9 5/8 40.00

C-75

0.395

8.835

8.679

10.625

5,390

.0758

.0142
43.50 C-75

0.435

8.755

8.599

10.625

5,930

.0745

.0155
47.00 C-75

0.472

8.681

8.525

10.625

6,440

.0732

.0168

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 53.50 C-75

0.545

8.535

8.379

10.625

7,430

.0708

.0192

40.00

L-80

0.395

8.835

8.679

10.625

5,750

.0758

.0142
43.50 L-80

0.435

8.755

8.599

10.625

6,330

.0745

.0155
47.00 L-80

0.472

8.681

8.525

10.625

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6,870

.0732

.0168
53.50 L-80

0.545

8.535

8.379

10.625

7,930

.0708

.0192

40.00 N-80

0.395

8.835

8.679

10.625

5,750

.0758

.0142
43.50 N-80

0.435

8.755

8.599

10.625

6,330

.0745

.0155
47.00 N-80

0.472

8.681

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 8.525

10.625

6,870

.0732

.0168
53.50 N-80

0.545

8.535

8.379

10.625

7,930

.0708

.0192

40.00 C-90

0.395

8.835

8.679

10.625

6,460

.0758

.0142
43.50 C-90

0.435

8.755

8.599

10.625

7,120

.0745

.0155
47.00 C-90

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.472

8.681

8.525

10.625

7,720

.0732

.0168
53.50 C-90

0.545

8.535

8.379

10.625

8,920

.0708

.0192

40.00 C-95

0.395

8.835

8.679

10.625

6,820

.0758

.0142
43.50 C-95

0.435

8.755

8.599

10.625

7,510

.0745

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0155
47.00 C-95

0.472

8.681

8.525

10.625

8,150

.0732

.0168
53.50 C-95

0.545

8.535

8.379

10.625

9,410

.0708

.0192

43.50 P-110

0.435

8.755

8.599

10.625

8,700

.0745

.0155
47.00 P-110

0.472

8.681

8.525

10.625

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 9,440

.0732

.0168
53.50 P-110

0.545

8.535

8.379

10.625

10,900

.0708

.0192

53.50

V-150

0.545

8.535

8.379

10.625

14,860

.0708

.0192
58.40 V-150

0.595

8.435

8.279

10.625

16,230

.0691

.0209
61.10 V-150

0.625

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 8.375

8.219

10.625

17,050

.0681

.0219
71.80 V-150

0.750

8.125

7.969

10.625

18,060

.0641

.0259

9 3/4 ** 59.20

---

0.595

8.560

8.435

10.625

13,350

.0712

.0212

9 7/8 ** 62.80

---

0.625

8.625

8.500

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 10.625

.0723

.0225

10 ** 22.75

---

0.209

9.582

9.457

-----

-----

.0892

.0080
** 30.25

---

0.283

9.434

9.309

-----

-----

.0865

.0107
** 30.07

---

0.290

9.420

9.295

-----

-----

.0862

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0109
** 33.00

---

0.308

9.384

9.259

-----

-----

.0855

.0116
** 41.50

---

0.400

9.200

9.075

-----

-----

.0822

.0149
** 45.50

---

0.440

9.120

8.995

-----

-----

.0808

.0163
** 50.50

---

0.492

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 9.016

8.891

-----

-----

.0790

.0182
** 55.50

---

0.546

8.908

8.783

-----

-----

.0771

.0201
** 60.00

---

0.610

8.780

8.655

-----

-----

.0749

.0223

10 3/4 32.75

F-25

0.279

10.192

10.036

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 11.750

1,140

.1009

.0114

32.75 H-40

0.279

10.192

10.036

11.750

1,820

.1009

.0114
40.50 H-40

0.350

10.050

9.894

11.750

2,280

.0981

.0141

Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

10 3/4 40.50

J-55

0.350

10.050

9.894

11.750

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 3,130

.0981

.0141
45.50 J-55

0.400

9.950

9.950

11.750

3,580

.0962

.0161
51.00 J-55

0.450

9.850

9.694

11.750

4,030

.0942

.0180

40.50 K-55

0.350

10.050

9.894

11.750

3,130

.0981

.0141
45.50 K-55

0.400

9.950

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 9.950

11.750

3,580

.0962

.0161
51.00 K-55

0.450

9.850

9.694

11.750

4,030

.0942

.0180

51.00 C-75

0.450

9.850

9.694

11.750

5,490

.0942

.0180
55.50 C-75

0.495

9.760

9.604

11.750

6,040

.0925

.0197

51.00 L-80

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.450

9.850

9.694

11.750

5,860

.0942

.0180
55.50 L-80

0.495

9.760

9.604

11.750

6,450

.0925

.0197

51.00 N-80

0.450

9.850

9.694

11.750

5,860

.0942

.0180
55.50 N-80

0.495

9.760

9.604

11.750

6,450

.0925

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0197

51.00 C-90

0.450

9.850

9.694

11.750

6,590

.0942

.0180
55.50 C-90

0.495

9.760

9.604

11.750

7,250

.0925

.0197
51.00

C-95

0.450

9.850

9.694

11.750

6,960

.0942

.0180
55.50 C-95

0.495

9.760

9.604

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 11.750

7,660

.0925

.0197

51.00

P-110

0.450

9.850

9.694

11.750

8,060

.0942

.0180
55.50 P-110

0.495

9.760

9.604

11.750

8,860

.0925

.0197
60.70 P-110

0.545

9.660

9.504

11.750

9,760

.0906

.0216
65.70 P-110

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.595

9.560

9.404

11.750

10,650

.0888

.0235
71.10 P-110

0.650

9.450

9.294

11.750

11,240

.0867

.0255

65.70

V-150

0.595

9.560

9.404

11.750

14,530

.0888

.0235
71.10 V-150

0.650

9.450

9.294

11.750

15,330

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0867

.0255

11 ** 26.75

---

0.224

10.552

10.396

11.866

-----

.1082

.0094

**

35.
39

---

0.3
10

10.
380

10.
224

11.
866

----
-

.10
47

.01
29

11 3/4 38.00

F-25

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.300

11.150

10.994

12.750

1,120

.1208

.0133

42.00 H-40

0.333

11.084

10.928

12.750

1,980

.1193

.0148

47.00 J-55

0.375

11.000

10.844

12.750

3,070

.1175

.0166
54.00 J-55

0.435

10.880

10.724

12.750

3,560

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .1150

.0191
60.00 J-55

0.489

10.772

10.616

12.750

4,010

.1127

.0214

47.00 K-55

0.375

11.000

10.844

12.750

3,070

.1175

.0166
54.00 K-55

0.435

10.880

10.724

12.750

3,560

.1150

.0191
60.00 K-55

0.489

10.772

10.616

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 12.750

4,010

.1127

.0214

60.00 C-75

0.489

10.772

10.616

12.750

5,460

.1127

.0214

60.00 L-80

0.489

10.772

10.616

12.750

5,830

.1127

.0214

60.00 N-80

0.489

10.772

10.616

12.750

5,830

.1127

.0214

60.00 C-90

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.489

10.772

10.616

12.750

6,550

.1127

.0214

Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

11 3/4 60.00

C-95

0.489

10.772

10.616

12.750

6,920

.1127

.0214

60.00 P-110

0.489

10.772

10.616

12.750

8,010

.1127

.0214

11 7/8 ** 71.80

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 ---

0.582

10.711

10.625

12.750

------

.1114

.0255

12 ** 31.50

---

0.243

11.514

11.358

13.116

-----

.1288

.0111
** 40.00

---

0.308

11.384

11.228

13.116

-----

.1259

.0140
** 38.70

---

0.325

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 11.350

11.194

13.116

-----

.1251

.0147

12 3/4 ** 43.00

---

0.310

12.130

11.974

-----

-----

.1429

.0149
** 45.45

---

0.330

12.090

11.934

-----

-----

.1420

.0159
** 51.15

---

0.375

12.000

11.844

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 -----

-----

.1340

.0180
** 53.00

---

0.390

11.970

11.814

-----

-----

.1391

.0187
** 65.42

---

0.500

11.750

11.594

-----

-----

.1341

.0238

13 ** 36.50

---

0.259

12.482

12.326

13.116

-----

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .1513

.0128
** 40.00

---

0.281

12.438

12.282

13.116

-----

.1503

.0139
** 45.00

---

0.320

12.360

12.204

13.116

-----

.1484

.0158
** 47.29

---

0.350

12.300

12.144

13.116

-----

.1470

.0172
** 50.00

---

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.359

12.282

12.126

13.116

-----

.1465

.0176
** 54.00

---

0.390

12.220

12.064

13.116

-----

.1451

.0191

13 3/8 48.00

F-25

0.330

12.715

12.559

14.375

1,080

.1570

.0167

48.00 H-40

0.330

12.715

12.559

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 14.375

1,730

.1570

.0167

54.50 J-55

0.380

12.615

12.459

14.375

2,730

.1545

.0192
61.00 J-55

0.430

12.515

12.359

14.375

3,090

.1521

.0216
68.00 J-55

0.480

12.415

12.259

14.375

3,450

.1497

.0241

54.50 K-55

0.380

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 12.615

12.459

14.375

2,730

.1545

.0192
61.00 K-55

0.430

12.515

12.359

14.375

3,090

.1521

.0216
68.00 K-55

0.480

12.415

12.259

14.375

3,450

.1497

.0241

68.00 C-75

0.480

12.415

12.259

14.375

4,710

.1497

.0241

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 72.00 C-75

0.514

12.347

12.191

14.375

5,040

.1481

.0257
77.00 C-75

0.550

12.275

12.119

14.375

5,400

.1464

.0274
85.00 C-75

0.608

12.159

12.003

14.375

5,970

.1436

.0302
98.00 C-75

0.719

11.937

11.781

14.375

6,270

.1384

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0354

68.00 L-80

0.480

12.415

12.259

14.375

5,020

.1497

.0241
72.00 L-80

0.514

12.347

12.191

14.375

5,380

.1481

.0257

68.00 N-80

0.480

12.415

12.259

14.375

5,020

.1497

.0241
72.00 N-80

0.514

12.347

12.191

14.375

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 5,380

.1481

.0257
77.00 N-80

0.550

12.275

12.119

14.375

5,760

.1464

.0274
85.00 N-80

0.608

12.159

12.003

14.375

6,360

.1436

.0302
98.00 N-80

0.719

11.937

11.781

14.375

6,680

.1384

.0354

68.00 C-90

0.480

12.415

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 12.259

14.375

5,650

.1497

.0241
72.00 C-90

0.514

12.347

12.191

14.375

6,050

.1481

.0257

Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

13 3/8 68.00

C-95

0.480

12.415

12.259

14.375

5,970

.1497

.0241
72.00 C-95

0.514

12.347

12.191

14.375

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6,390

.1481

.0257

68.00 P-110

0.480

12.415

12.259

14.375

6,910

.1497

.0241
72.00 P-110

0.514

12.347

12.191

14.375

7,400

.1481

.0257

72.00 V-150

0.514

12.347

12.191

14.375

10,090

.1481

.0257

13 1/2 ** 81.40

---

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.580

12.340

12.250

14.375

-----

.1479

.0291

13 5/8 ** 88.20

---

0.625

12.375

12.250

14.375

-----

.1488

.0316

14 ** 42.00

---

0.276

13.448

13.292

-----

-----

.1757

.0147
** 50.00

---

0.328

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 13.344

13.188

-----

-----

.1730

.0174
** 51.02

---

0.350

13.300

13.144

-----

-----

.1718

.0186
** 57.00

---

0.375

13.250

13.094

-----

-----

.1705

.0199
** 85.87

---

0.600

12.800

12.644

-----

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 -----

.1592

.0312
** 92.67

---

0.650

12.700

12.544

-----

-----

.1567

.0337
** 99.43

---

0.700

12.600

12.444

-----

-----

.1542

.0362
** 106.13

---

0.750

12.500

12.344

-----

-----

.1518

.0386
** 112.78

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 ---

0.800

12.400

12.244

-----

-----

.1494

.0410
** 119.37

---

0.850

12.300

12.144

-----

-----

.1470

.0434

15 ** 47.50

---

0.291

14.418

14.262

-----

-----

.2019

.0166
** 61.15

---

0.375

14.250

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 14.094

-----

-----

.1973

.0213
** 59.33

---

0.380

14.240

14.084

-----

-----

.1970

.0216

16 55.00

F-25

0.312

15.376

15.188

17.000

850

.2297

.0190

65.00 H-40

0.375

15.250

15.062

17.000

1,640

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .2259

.0228

75.00 J-55

0.438

15.124

14.936

17.000

2,630

.2222

.0265
84.00 J-55

0.495

15.010

14.822

17.000

2,980

.2189

.0298

75.00 K-55

0.438

15.124

14.936

17.000

2,630

.2222

.0265
84.00 K-55

0.495

15.010

14.822

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 17.000

2,980

.2189

.0298
109.00 K-55

0.560

14.688

14.500

17.000

3,950

.2096

.0391

109.00 C-75

0.560

14.688

14.500

17.000

5,380

.2096

.0391

109.00 N-80

0.560

14.688

14.500

17.000

5,740

.2096

.0391

17 ** 73.20

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 ---

0.393

16.214

16.027

-----

-----

.2554

.0254

Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

18 ** 70.58

---

0.375

17.250

17.063

-----

-----

.2890

.0257
** 78.00

---

0.403

17.194

17.007

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 -----

-----

.2872

.0276
** 80.00

---

0.410

17.180

16.992

-----

-----

.2867

.0280
** 84.00

---

0.438

17.124

16.937

-----

-----

.2848

.0299
** 87.50

---

0.456

17.088

16.900

-----

-----

.2836

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0311

**

96.
50

---

0.5
07

16.
986

16.
799

----
-

----
-

.28
03

.03
45

18 5/8 87.50

H-40

0.435

17.775

17.567

20.000

1,630

.3069

.0301

87.50 J-55

0.435

17.775

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 17.567

20.000

2,250

.3069

.0301

87.50 K-55

0.435

17.775

17.567

20.000

2,250

.3069

.0301

20 94.00

F-25

0.438

19.124

18.936

21.000

960

.3553

.0333

94.00 H-40

0.438

19.124

18.936

21.000

1,530

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .3553

.0333

94.00

J-55

0.438

19.124

18.936

21.000

2,110

.3553

.0333
106.50 J-55

0.500

19.000

18.812

21.000

2,410

.3507

.0379
133.00 J-55

0.635

18.730

18.542

21.000

3,060

.3408

.0478

94.00 K-55

0.438

19.124

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 18.936

21.000

2,110

.3553

.0333
106.50 K-55

0.500

19.000

18.812

21.000

2,410

.3507

.0379
133.00 K-55

0.635

18.730

18.542

21.000

3,060

.3408

.0478

21 1/2 ** 92.50

---

0.395

20.710

20.522

22.500

-----

.4166

.0324

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 ** 103.00

---

0.445

20.610

20.422

22.500

-----

.4126

.0364
** 114.00

---

0.495

20.510

20.322

22.500

-----

.4086

.0404

22 ** 92.50

---

0.389

21.222

21.035

-----

-----

.4375

.0327
** 103.00

---

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 0.436

21.128

20.941

-----

-----

.4336

.0365
** 101.00

---

0.438

21.125

20.938

-----

-----

.4335

.0366
** 114.00

---

0.486

21.028

20.841

-----

-----

.4295

.0406
** 114.80

---

0.500

21.000

20.813

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 -----

-----

.4284

.0418

24 ** 94.62

---

0.375

23.250

23.062

25.500

-----

.5251

.0344
** 100.50

---

0.387

23.226

23.039

25.500

-----

.5240

.0355
** 113.00

---

0.438

23.124

22.937

25.500

-----

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .5194

.0401
** 125.49

---

0.500

23.000

22.812

25.500

-----

.5139

.0457
** 140.68

---

0.560

22.880

22.692

25.500

-----

.5085

.0510
155.00 X-52

0.625

22.750

22.562

25.500

-----

.5028

.0568
** 171.29

---

0.690

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 22.620

22.432

25.500

-----

.4970

.0625
** 238.35

---

0.970

22.060

21.872

25.500

-----

.4727

.0868
** 304.00

---

1.250

21.500

21.313

25.500

-----

.4490

.1105

24 1/2 ** 88.00

---

0.325

23.850

23.663

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 25.500

-----

.5526

.0305
** 100.50

---

0.375

23.750

23.562

25.500

-----

.5479

.0352
** 113.00

---

0.425

23.650

23.462

25.500

-----

.5433

.0398

Nominal Outside
Outside Weight Wall Inside Drift Diameter Burst
Diameter With Coupling Thickness Diameter Diameter of Coupling Strength Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (pounds/foot) Grade (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (PSI) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

26 ** 85.60

---

0.312

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 25.376

25.188

-----

-----

.6255

.0311
** 136.17

---

0.500

25.000

24.812

-----

-----

.6071

.0495
** 202.26

---

0.750

24.500

24.312

-----

-----

.5831

.0736
** 265.00

---

1.000

24.000

23.812

-----

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 -----

.5595

.0971

30 ** 157.70

---

0.500

29.000

28.812

36.625

-----

.8169

.0573
** 234.29

---

0.750

28.500

28.312

36.625

-----

.7890

.0852
** 235.00

---

0.750

28.500

28.212

36.625

-----

.7890

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0852
** 309.72

---

1.000

28.000

27.813

36.625

-----

.7616

.1127
310.00 X-52

1.000

28.000

27.813

36.625

-----

.7616

.1127
** 383.81

---

1.250

27.500

27.312

36.625

-----

.7346

.1396
** 453.15

---

1.500

27.000

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 26.812

36.625

-----

.7082

.1661
** 524.04

---

1.750

26.500

26.312

36.625

-----

.6822

.1921
** 533.00

---

1.750

26.500

26.312

36.625

-----

.6822

.1921
** 593.60

---

2.000

26.000

25.812

36.625

-----

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .6567

.2176

36 ** 371.00

---

1.000

34.000

33.812

40.750

-----

1.123

.1356
374.00 X-42

1.000

34.000

33.812

40.750

-----

1.123

.1356
** 551.00

---

1.407

33.187

33.000

40.750

-----

1.070

.1891

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
Table IV.

Drill Collar Data

Outside Inside Weight

Diameter Diameter Per Foot Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (inches) (lbs/ft) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

4.00 1.50
36.7
.0022
.0133
4.00 1.75
34.5
.0030
.0125
4.00 2.00
32.0
.0039
.0116

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 4.00 2.25
29.2
.0049
.0106

4.25 1.50
42.2
.0022
.0153
4.25 1.75
40.0
.0030
.0145
4.25 2.00
37.5
.0039
.0136
4.25 2.25
34.7
.0049
.0126

4.50 1.50
48.1
.0022
.0175
4.50 1.75
45.9
.0030
.0167
4.50 2.00
43.4
.0039
.0158
4.50 2.25
40.6
.0049
.0148

4.75 1.50
54.3
.0022
.0197

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 4.75 1.75
52.1
.0030
.0189
4.75 2.00
49.6
.0039
.0181
4.75 2.25
46.8
.0049
.0170
4.75 2.50
43.6
.0061
.0159

5.00 1.50
60.8
.0022
.0221
5.00 1.75
58.6
.0030
.0213
5.00 2.00
56.1
.0039
.0204
5.00 2.25
53.3
.0049
.0194
5.00 2.50
50.1
.0061
.0182

Outside Inside Weight

Diameter Diameter Per Foot Capacity* Displacement*
Sperry-Sun Drilling Services
Surface Logging Systems
(inches) (inches) (lbs/ft) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

5.25 1.50
67.6
.0022
.0246
5.25 1.75
65.4
.0030
.0238
5.25 2.00
62.9
.0039
.0229
5.25 2.25
60.1
.0049
.0219
5.25 2.50
56.9
.0061
.0207
5.25 2.75
53.4
.0073
.0194

5.50 1.50
74.8
.0022
.0272
5.50 1.75
72.6
.0030
.0264
5.50 2.00
70.1
.0039
.0255
5.50 2.25
67.3
.0049
.0245

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 5.50 2.50
64.1
.0061
.0233
5.50 2.75
60.6
.0073
.0221
5.50 3.00
56.8
.0087
.0207

5.75 1.50
82.3
.0022
.0299
5.75 1.75
80.1
.0030
.0291
5.75 2.00
77.6
.0039
.0282
5.75 2.25
74.8
.0049
.0272
5.75 2.50
71.6
.0061
.0261
5.75 2.75
68.1
.0073
.0248

5.
75

3.
00

64
.3

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0
08
7

.0
23
4

6.00 1.50
90.1
.0022
.0328
6.00 1.75
87.9
.0030
.0320
6.00 2.00
85.4
.0039
.0311
6.00 2.25
82.6
.0049
.0301
6.00 2.50
79.4
.0061
.0289
6.00 2.75
75.9
.0073
.0276
6.00 3.00
72.1
.0087
.0262
6.00 3.25
67.9
.0103
.0247

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
Outside Inside Weight
Diameter Diameter Per Foot Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (inches) (lbs/ft) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

6.25 1.50
98.0
.0022
.0356
6.25 1.75
95.8
.0030
.0349
6.25 2.00
93.3
.0039
.0339
6.25 2.25
90.5
.0049
.0329
6.25 2.50
87.3
.0061
.0318
6.25 2.75
83.8
.0073
.0305
6.25 3.00
80.0
.0087
.0291
6.25 3.25
75.8
.0103
.0276
6.25 3.50
71.3
.0119
.0259

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.50 1.50
107.0
.0022
.0389
6.50 1.75
104.8
.0030
.0381
6.50 2.00
102.3
.0039
.0372
6.50 2.25
99.5
.0049
.0362
6.50 2.50
96.3
.0061
.0350
6.50 2.75
92.8
.0073
.0338
6.50 3.00
89.0
.0087
.0324
6.50 3.25
84.8
.0103
.0308
6.50 3.50
80.3
.0119
.0292

6.75 1.50
116.0
.0022
.0422
6.75 1.75
113.8
.0030
.0414

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.75 2.00
111.3
.0039
.0405
6.75 2.25
108.5
.0049
.0395
6.75 2.50
105.3
.0061
.0383
6.75 2.75
101.8
.0073
.0370
6.75 3.00
98.0
.0087
.0356
6.75 3.25
93.8
.0103
.0341
6.75 3.50
89.3
.0119
.0325

Outside Inside Weight

Diameter Diameter Per Foot Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (inches) (lbs/ft) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

7.00 1.50
125.0

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0022
.0455
7.00 1.75
122.8
.0030
.0447
7.00 2.00
120.3
.0039
.0438
7.00 2.25
117.5
.0049
.0427
7.00 2.50
114.3
.0061
.0416
7.00 2.75
110.8
.0073
.0403
7.00 3.00
107.0
.0087
.0389
7.00 3.25
102.8
.0103
.0374
7.00 3.50
98.3
.0119
.0358
7.00 3.75
93.4
.0137
.0340
7.00 4.00
88.3
.0155
.0321

7.25 1.50
134.0

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0022
.0487
7.25 1.75
131.8
.0030
.0479
7.25 2.00
129.3
.0039
.0470
7.25 2.25
126.5
.0049
.0460
7.25 2.50
123.3
.0061
.0449
7.25 2.75
119.8
.0073
.0436
7.25 3.00
116.0
.0087
.0422
7.25 3.25
111.8
.0103
.0407
7.25 3.50
107.3
.0119
.0390
7.25 3.75
102.4
.0137
.0372
7.25 4.00
97.3
.0155
.0354

7.50 1.50
144.0

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0022
.0524
7.50 1.75
141.8
.0030
.0516
7.50 2.00
139.3
.0039
.0507
7.50 2.25
136.5
.0049
.0497
7.50 2.50
133.3
.0061
.0485
7.50 2.75
129.8
.0073
.0472
7.50 3.00
126.0
.0087
.0458
7.50 3.25
121.8
.0103
.0443
7.50 3.50
117.3
.0119
.0427
7.50 3.75
112.4
.0137
.0409
7.50 4.00
107.3
.0155
.0390

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
Outside Inside Weight
Diameter Diameter Per Foot Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (inches) (lbs/ft) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

7.75 1.50
154.0
.0022
.0560
7.75 1.75
151.8
.0030
.0552
7.75 2.00
149.3
.0039
.0543
7.75 2.25
146.5
.0049
.0533
7.75 2.50
143.3
.0061
.0521
7.75 2.75
139.8
.0073
.0509
7.75 3.00
136.0
.0087
.0495
7.75 3.25
131.8
.0103
.0479
7.75 3.50
127.3
.0119
.0463
7.75 3.75
122.4
.0137
.0445

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 7.75 4.00
117.3
.0155
.0427

8.00 1.50
165.0
.0022
.0600
8.00 1.75
162.8
.0030
.0592
8.00 2.00
160.3
.0039
.0583
8.00 2.25
157.5
.0049
.0573
8.00 2.50
154.3
.0061
.0561
8.00 2.75
150.8
.0073
.0549
8.00 3.00
147.0
.0087
.0535
8.00 3.25
142.8
.0103
.0520
8.00 3.50
138.3
.0119
.0503
8.00 3.75
133.4
.0137
.0485

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 8.00 4.00
128.3
.0155
.0467
8.00 4.25
122.8
.0175
.0447

8.25 1.50
176.0
.0022
.0640
8.25 1.75
173.8
.0030
.0632
8.25 2.00
171.3
.0039
.0623
8.25 2.25
168.5
.0049
.0613
8.25 2.50
165.3
.0061
.0601
8.25 2.75
161.8
.0073
.0589
8.25 3.00
158.0
.0087
.0575
8.25 3.25
153.8
.0103
.0560
8.25 3.50
149.3
.0119
.0543

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 8.25 3.75
144.4
.0137
.0525
8.25 4.00
139.3
.0155
.0507
8.25 4.25
133.8
.0175
.0487

Outside Inside Weight

Diameter Diameter Per Foot Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (inches) (lbs/ft) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

8.50 1.50
187.0
.0022
.0680
8.50 1.75
184.8
.0030
.0672
8.50 2.00
182.3
.0039
.0663
8.50 2.25
179.5
.0049
.0653
8.50 2.50
176.3
.0061
.0641
8.50 2.75
172.8
.0073
.0629
8.50 3.00
169.0

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0087
.0615
8.50 3.25
164.8
.0103
.0600
8.50 3.50
160.3
.0119
.0583
8.50 3.75
155.4
.0137
.0565
8.50 4.00
150.3
.0155
.0547
8.50 4.25
144.8
.0175
.0527

8.75 1.50
199.0
.0022
.0724
8.75 1.75
196.8
.0030
.0716
8.75 2.00
194.3
.0039
.0707
8.75 2.25
191.5
.0049
.0697
8.75 2.50
188.3
.0061
.0685
8.75 2.75
184.8

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0073
.0672
8.75 3.00
181.0
.0087
.0658
8.75 3.25
176.8
.0103
.0643
8.75 3.50
172.3
.0119
.0627
8.75 3.75
167.4
.0137
.0609
8.75 4.00
162.3
.0155
.0590
8.75 4.25
156.8
.0175
.0570

Outside Inside Weight

Diameter Diameter Per Foot Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (inches) (lbs/ft) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 9.00 1.50
210.2
.0022
.0764
9.00 1.75
208.0
.0030
.0756
9.00 2.00
205.5
.0039
.0747
9.00 2.25
202.7
.0049
.0737
9.00 2.50
199.5
.0061
.0725
9.00 2.75
196.0
.0073
.0712
9.00 3.00
192.2
.0087
.0698
9.00 3.25
188.0
.0103
.0683
9.00 3.50
183.5
.0119
.0667
9.00 3.75
178.7
.0137
.0649
9.00 4.00
173.4
.0155
.0631
9.00 4.25
168.0

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0175
.0610

9.25 1.50
222.4
.0022
.0808
9.25 1.75
220.2
.0030
.0800
9.25 2.00
217.7
.0039
.0791
9.25 2.25
214.9
.0049
.0781
9.25 2.50
211.7
.0061
.0769
9.25 2.75
208.2
.0073
.0757
9.25 3.00
204.3
.0087
.0743
9.25 3.25
200.2
.0103
.0728
9.25 3.50
195.6
.0119
.0711
9.25 3.75
190.8
.0137
.0694
9.25 4.00
185.7

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0155
.0675
9.25 4.25
180.1
.0175
.0655

9.50 1.50
234.9
.0022
.0854
9.50 1.75
232.7
.0030
.0846
9.50 2.00
230.2
.0039
.0837
9.50 2.25
227.3
.0049
.0826
9.50 2.50
224.2
.0061
.0815
9.50 2.75
220.7
.0073
.0802
9.50 3.00
216.8
.0087
.0788
9.50 3.25
212.7
.0103
.0773
9.50 3.50
208.2
.0119
.0757
9.50 3.75
203.3

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0137
.0739
9.50 4.00
198.2
.0155
.0720
9.50 4.25
192.7
.0175
.0700

Outside Inside Weight

Diameter Diameter Per Foot Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (inches) (lbs/ft) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

9.75 1.50
247.7
.0022
.0900
9.75 1.75
245.6
.0030
.0892
9.75 2.00
243.0
.0039
.0883
9.75 2.25
240.2
.0049
.0873
9.75 2.50
237.0
.0061
.0861
9.75 2.75
233.5
.0073
.0849
9.75 3.00
229.7
.0087
.0835
9.75 3.25
225.5

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0103
.0820
9.75 3.50
221.0
.0119
.0803
9.75 3.75
216.2
.0137
.0786
9.75 4.00
211.0
.0155
.0767
9.75 4.25
205.5
.0175
.0747

10.00 1.50
260.9
.0022
.0948
10.00 1.75
258.8
.0030
.0940
10.00 2.00
256.3
.0039
.0931
10.00 2.25
253.4
.0049
.0921
10.00 2.50
250.2
.0061
.0909
10.00 2.75
246.7
.0073
.0897
10.00 3.00
242.9

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0087
.0883
10.00 3.25
238.7
.0103
.0868
10.00 3.50
234.2
.0119
.0851
10.00 3.75
229.4
.0137
.0834
10.00 4.00
224.2
.0155
.0815
10.00 4.25
218.7
.0175
.0795

10.25 1.50
274.5
.0022
.0997
10.25 1.75
272.2
.0030
.0989
10.25 2.00
269.8
.0039
.0980
10.25 2.25
267.0
.0049
.0970
10.25 2.50
263.7
.0061
.0958
10.25 2.75
260.3

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0073
.0946
10.25 3.00
256.4
.0087
.0932
10.25 3.25
252.2
.0103
.0917
10.25 3.50
247.7
.0119
.0900
10.25 3.75
242.8
.0137
.0883
10.25 4.00
237.7
.0155
.0864
10.25 4.25
232.2
.0175
.0844

Outside Inside Weight

Diameter Diameter Per Foot Capacity* Displacement*
(inches) (inches) (lbs/ft) (bbls/ft) (bbls/ft)

10.50 1.50
288.3
.0022
.1048
10.50 1.75
286.1
.0030
.1040
10.50 2.00
283.6
.0039
.1031
10.50 2.25
280.8

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0049
.1020
10.50 2.50
277.6
.0061
.1009
10.50 2.75
274.1
.0073
.0996
10.50 3.00
270.3
.0087
.0982
10.50 3.25
266.0
.0103
.0967
10.50 3.50
261.6
.0119
.0951
10.50 3.75
256.8
.0137
.0933
10.50 4.00
251.5
.0155
.0914
10.50 4.25
246.0
.0175
.0894

10.75 1.50
302.4
.0022
.1099
10.75 1.75
300.3
.0030
.1091
10.75 2.00
297.8

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0039
.1082
10.75 2.25
294.9
.0049
.1072
10.75 2.50
291.8
.0061
.1060
10.75 2.75
288.3
.0073
.1048
10.75 3.00
284.4
.0087
.1034
10.75 3.25
280.3
.0103
.1019
10.75 3.50
275.7
.0119
.1002
10.75 3.75
270.9
.0137
.0985
10.75 4.00
265.8
.0155
.0966
10.75 4.25
260.2
.0175
.0946
11.00 1.50
317.0
.0022
.1152
11.00 1.75
314.8
.0030
.1144

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 11.00 2.00
312.3
.0039
.1135
11.00 2.25
309.5
.0049
.1125
11.00 2.50
306.3
.0061
.1113
11.00 2.75
302.8
.0073
.1100
11.00 3.00
299.0
.0087
.1086
11.00 3.25
294.8
.0103
.1071
11.00 3.50
290.3
.0119
.1055
11.00 3.75
285.4
.0137
.1037
11.00 4.00
280.2
.0155
.1019
11.00 4.25
274.8
.0175
.0998

Table V.

Drill Pipe Data

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 DRILCO Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe
Drill Pipe Data Tool Joint Data

Pipe Adjusted
Only Weight Pipe Average* Average*
Nominal Weight Per Foot Inside Outside Inside Inside Outside Maximum
Size Per Foot W/Tool Joint Diameter Connection Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Capacity* Displacement* Hook Load
(inches) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (inches) Type (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (bbls/ft) (bbl/ft) (klb)

3 1/2 21.3
25.3
2.063
NC38(IF)
4.75
2.188
------
-----
.0042
.0092
345400

4 25.2
29.7
2.563
NC40(FH)
5.25
2.688
-----
-----
.0065
.0108
407550

4 1/2 33.9
41.0
2.750
NC46(IF)
6.25
2.875
-----
-----
.0074
.0149
548075

5 42.3
49.3
3.000
NC50(IF)
6.50
3.063
-----
-----
.0088
.0180
691185

CHANCE Spiralwate

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 Drill Pipe Data Tool Joint Data

Pipe Adjusted
Only Weight Pipe Average* Average*
Nominal Weight Per Foot Inside Outside Inside Inside Outside Maximum
Size Per Foot W/Tool Joint Diameter Connection Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Capacity* Displacement* Hook Load
(inches) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (inches) Type (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (bbls/ft) (bbl/ft) (klb)

3 1/2 21.3
26.7
2.250
NC38(IF)
4.75
2.313
-----
-----
-----
-----
310500

4 25.2
32.7
2.563
NC40(FH)
5.25
2.688
-----
-----
-----
-----
407550

4 1/2 33.9
42.6
2.750
NC46(XH)
6.25
2.875
-----
-----
-----
-----
548060

5 42.3
53.6
3.000
NC50(IF)
6.50
3.125
-----
-----
-----
-----
691150

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 5 1/2 -----
50.7
4.000
5 1/2 FH
7.25
4.000
-----
-----
-----
-----
1231100

6 5/8 -----
57.0
5.000
6 5/8 FH
8.00
5.000
-----
-----
-----
-----
1630000

Grade E Drill Pipe

Drill Pipe Data Tool Joint Data

Pipe Adjusted
Only Weight Pipe Average* Average*
Nominal Weight Per Foot Inside Outside Inside Inside Outside Maximum**
Size Per Foot W/Tool Joint Diameter Connection Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Capacity* Displacement* Hook Load
(inches) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (inches) Type (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (bbls/ft) (bbl/ft) (klb)

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 2 3/8
4.85
5.16
1.995
NC26(IF)
3.375
1.750
1.9833
2.4226
.0038
.0019

97817
4.89
1.995
OH
3.125
2.000
1.9952
2.4107
.0038
.0020

97817
4.97
1.995
SLH90
3.250
2.000
1.9952
2.4167
.0038
.0018

97817
5.06
1.995
WO
3.375
2.000
1.9952
2.4405
.0038
.0019

97817

6.65
6.92
1.815
NC26(IF)
3.375

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 1.750
1.8119
2.4226
.0032
.0025

138214
6.83 1.815
OH
3.250
1.750
1.8119
2.4167
.0032
.0025
138214
6.71 1.815
PAC
2.875
1.375
1.7904
2.3988
.0032
.0025
138214
6.73 1.815
SLH90
3.250
2.000
1.8238
2.4167
.0032
.0024
138214

2 7/8 6.85
7.36
2.441
NC31(IF)
4.125
2.125
2.4260
2.9345
.0057
.0026
135902
6.85 2.441
OH
3.750
2.438
2.4409
2.9167
.0058
.0025
135902
6.96 2.441
SLH90
3.875

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 2.438
2.4409
2.9226
.0058
.0025
135902
7.19 2.441
WO
4.125
2.438
2.4409
2.9345
.0058
.0025
135902
10.40 10.76
2.151
NC31(IF)
4.125
2.125
2.1498
2.9345
.0045
.0039
214344
10.51 2.151
OH
3.875
2.156
2.1512
2.9226
.0045
.0038
214344
10.15 2.151
PAC
3.125
1.500
2.1200
2.8869
.0044
.0037
214344
10.51 2.151
SLH90
3.875
2.156
2.1512
2.9226
.0045
.0038
214344
10.99 2.151
XH
4.250
1.875
2.1379
2.9640
.0044

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0041
214344
10.28 2.151
NC26(SH)
3.375
1.750
2.1319
2.8988
.0044
.0037
214344

3 1/2 9.50
10.44
2.992
NC38(IF)
4.750
2.688
2.9975
3.5595
.0087
.0036
194264
9.89 2.992
OH
4.500
3.000
2.9924
3.5476
.0087
.0035
194264
10.05 2.992
SLH90
4.625
3.000
2.9924
3.5536
.0087
.0036
194264
10.20 2.992
WO
4.750
3.000
2.9924
3.5595
.0087
.0036
194264

13.30 14.41
2.764
H90
5.250
2.750
2.7633
3.5833
.0074

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0050
271569
13.77 2.764
NC38(IF)
4.750
2.688
2.7604
3.5595
.0074
.0049
271569
13.77 2.764
OH
4.750
2.688
2.7604
3.5595
.0074
.0049
271569
13.40 2.764
NC31(SH)
4.125
2.125
2.7336
3.5298
.0073
.0048
271569
13.94 2.764
XH
4.750
2.438
2.7485
3.5595
.0073
.0050
271569

15.50 16.39
2.602
NC38(IF)
5.000
2.563
2.6001
3.5714
.0066
.0058
322775

4 11.85
13.07
3.476
H90
5.500
2.813
3.4444
4.0714
.0115

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0046
230755
13.51 3.476
NC46(IF)
6.000
3.250
3.4652
4.0952
.0117
.0046
230755
12.10 3.476
OH
5.250
3.469
3.4757
4.0595
.0117
.0043
230755
12.91 3.476
WO
5.750
3.438
3.4742
4.0833
.0117
.0045
230755

Grade E Drill Pipe

Drill Pipe Data Tool Joint Data

Pipe Adjusted
Only Weight Pipe Average* Average*
Nominal Weight Per Foot Inside Outside Inside Inside Outside Maximum**
Size Per Foot W/Tool Joint Diameter Connection Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Capacity* Displacement* Hook Load
(inches) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (inches) Type (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (bbls/ft) (bbl/ft) (klb)

4 14.00
15.06
3.340
NC40(FH)
5.250
2.813
3.3149
4.0595
.0107

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0053
285359
15.41 3.340
H90
5.500
2.813
3.3419
4.0714
.0107
.0053
285359
15.85 3.340
NC46(IF)
6.000
3.250
3.3357
4.0952
.0108
.0052
285359
15.03 3.340
OH
5.500
3.250
3.3357
4.0714
.0108
.0053
285359
14.37 3.340
SH
4.625
2.563
3.3030
4.0298
.0106
.0052
285359

15.70 16.81
3.240
NC40(FH)
5.250
2.688
3.2137
4.0595
.0100
.0060
324118
17.07 3.240
H90
5.500
2.813
3.2197
4.0714
.0101
.0060
324118
17.51 3.240
NC46(IF)

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.000
3.250
3.2404
4.0952
.0102
.0061
324118

4 1/2 13.75
15.21
3.958
H90
6.000
3.250
3.9242
4.5714
.0150
.0053
270034
14.93 3.958
NC50(IF)
6.375
3.750
3.9481
4.5893
.0151
.0053
270034
14.06 3.958
OH
5.750
3.969
3.9485
4.5595
.0151
.0050
270034
14.79 3.958
WO
6.125
3.875
3.9540
4.5774
.0152
.0052
270034

16.60 18.14
3.826
FH
6.000
3.000
3.8767
4.5714
.0146
.0057
330558
17.81 3.826
H90

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.000
3.250
3.7986
4.5714
.0140
.0063
330558
17.98 3.826
NC50(IF)
6.375
3.750
3.8224
4.5893
.0142
.0063
330558
17.10 3.826
OH
5.875
3.750
3.8224
4.5655
.0142
.0061
330558
16.79 3.826
NC38(SH)
5.000
2.688
3.7718
4.5238
.0138
.0061
330558
18.37 3.826
NC46(XH)
6.250
3.250
3.7986
4.5833
.0140
.0064
330558

20.00 21.63
3.640
FH
6.000
3.000
3.6095
4.5714
.0127
.0076
412358
21.63 3.640
H90
6.000
3.000
3.6095
4.5714

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0127
.0076
412358
21.62 3.640
NC50(IF)
6.375
3.675
3.6417
4.5893
.0129
.0076
412358
22.09 3.640
NC46(XH)
6.250
3.000
3.6095
4.5833
.0127
.0077
412358

22.82 24.07
3.500
NC50(IF)
6.375
3.675
3.5083
4.5893
.0120
.0085
471239
24.59 3.500
NC46(XH)
6.250
3.000
3.4762
4.5833
.0117
.0087
471239

5 19.50
22.26
4.276
5 1/2 FH
7.000
3.750
4.2510
5.0952
.0176
.0077
395595
20.89 4.276
NC50(XH)
6.375
3.750
4.2510
5.0655

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0176
.0074
395595

25.60 28.26
4.000
5 1/2 FH
7.000
3.500
3.9762
5.0952
.0154
.0099
530144
26.89 4.000
NC50(XH)
6.375
3.500
3.9762
5.0655
.0154
.0096
530144

5 1/2 21.90
23.77
4.778
FH
7.000
4.000
4.7410
5.5714
.0218
.0083
437116

24.70 26.33
4.670
FH
7.000
4.000
4.6381
5.5714
.0209
.0093
497222

6 5/8 25.20
27.30
5.965
FH
8.000
5.000
5.9190
6.9286
.0340
.0126
489470

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 Grade X-95 Drill Pipe

Drill Pipe Data Tool Joint Data

Pipe Adjusted
Only Weight Pipe Average* Average*
Nominal Weight Per Foot Inside Outside Inside Inside Outside Maximum**
Size Per Foot W/Tool Joint Diameter Connection Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Capacity* Displacement* Hook Load
(inches) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (inches) Type (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (bbls/ft) (bbl/ft) (klb)

2 3/8 6.65
7.01
1.995
NC26(IF)
3.375
1.750
1.9833
2.4226
.0038
.0019
175072
6.89 1.995
SLH90
3.250
1.813
1.9863
2.4167
.0038
.0018
175072

2 7/8 10.40
10.96
2.151
NC31(IF)
4.125
2.000
2.1438
2.9345
.0045
.0039
271503
10.84 2.151
SLH90
4.000
2.000
2.1438
2.9286
.0045
.0039
271503

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 3 1/2 13.30
14.63
2.764
H90
5.250
2.750
2.7633
3.5833
.0074
.0051
343988
14.41 2.764
NC38(IF)
5.000
2.563
2.7544
3.5714
.0074
,0050
343988
14.07 2.764
SLH90
4.750
2.563
2.7544
3.5595
.0074
.0049
343988

15.50 16.69
2.602
NC38(IF)
5.000
2.438
2.5942
3.5714
.0065
.0059
408848

4 14.00
15.30
3.340
NC40(FH)
5.250
2.688
3.2137
4.0295
.0100
.0058
361454
15.55 3.340
H90
5.500
2.813
3.3419

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 4.0714
.0108
.0053
361454
16.14 3.340
NC46(IF)
6.000
3.250
3.3357
4.0952
.0108
.0055
361454

15.70 17.55
3.240
NC40(FH)
5.500
2.438
3.2018
4.0714
.0100
.0061
410550
17.17 3.240
H90
5.500
2.813
3.2197
4.0714
.0101
.0060
410550
17.75 3.240
NC46(IF)
6.000
3.250
3.2404
4.0952
.0102
.0063
410550

4 1/2 16.60
18.62
3.826
FH
6.000
3.000
3.8767
4.5714
.0146
.0057
418707
18.39 3.826
H90
6.000
3.250
3.6986

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 4.5714
.0140
.0063
418707
18.34 3.826
NC50(IF)
6.375
3.750
3.8224
4.5893
.0142
.0063
418707

20.00 22.29
3.640
FH
6.000
2.500
3.5857
4.5714
.0125
.0078
522320
21.79 3.640
H90
6.000
3.250
3.6214
4.5714
.0127
.0076
522320
22.13 3.640
NC50(IF)
6.375
3.500
3.6333
4.5893
.0128
.0076
522320
22.56 3.640
NC46(XH)
6.250
2.750
3.5976
4.5833
.0126
.0078
522320

22.82 25.43
3.500
FH
6.250
2.250
3.4881
4.5833
.0118

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0086
596903
25.43 3.500
NC50(IF)
6.375
2.500
3.4524
4.5893
.0116
.0089
596903
25.06 3.500
NC46(XH)
6.250
2.750
3.4643
4.5833
.0117
.0087
596903

5 19.50
22.46
4.276
5 1/2 FH
7.000
3.750
4.2510
5.0952
.0176
.0077
501087
22.08 4.276
H90
6.500
3.250
4.2271
5.0714
.0174
.0076
501087
21.44 4.276
NC50(XH)
6.375
3.500
4.2390
5.0655
.0175
.0075
501087

25.60 28.45
4.000
5 1/2 FH
7.000
3.500
3.9762
5.0952
.0154

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0099
671515
27.86 4.000
NC50(XH)
6.500
3.000
3.9524
5.0714
.0152
.0098
671515

Grade X-95 Drill Pipe

Drill Pipe Data Tool Joint Data

Pipe Adjusted
Only Weight Pipe Average* Average*
Nominal Weight Per Foot Inside Outside Inside Inside Outside Maximum**
Size Per Foot W/Tool Joint Diameter Connection Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Capacity* Displacement* Hook Load
(inches) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (inches) Type (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (bbls/ft) (bbl/ft) (klb)

5 1/2 21.90
24.37
4.778
FH
7.000
3.750
4.7290
5.5714
.0217
.0084
553681
24.64 4.778
H90
7.000
3.500
4.7171
5.5714
.0216
.0085
553681

24.70 27.76
4.670
FH
7.250
3.500
4.6140
5.5830
.0207

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0096
629814

Grade G-105 Drill Pipe

Drill Pipe Data Tool Joint Data

Pipe Adjusted
Only Weight Pipe Average* Average*
Nominal Weight Per Foot Inside Outside Inside Inside Outside Maximum**
Size Per Foot W/Tool Joint Diameter Connection Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Capacity* Displacement* Hook Load
(inches) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (inches) Type (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (bbls/ft) (bbl/ft) (klb)

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 2 3/8 6.65
7.01
1.995
NC26(IF)
3.375
1.750
1.9833
2.4226
.0038
.0019
193500
6.89 1.995
SLH90
3.250
1.813
1.9863
2.4167
.0038
.0018
193500

2 7/8 10.40
10.96
2.151
NC31(IF)
4.125
2.000
2.1438
2.9345
.0045
.0039
300082
10.84 2.151
SLH90
4.000
2.000
2.1438
2.9286
.0045
.0039
300082

3 1/2 13.30
14.49
2.764
NC38(IF)
5.000
2.438
2.7485
3.5714
.0073
.0051
380197
14.07 2.764
SLH90
4.750
2.563
2.7544

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 3.5595
.0074
.0049
380197

15.50 16.88
2.602
NC38(IF)
5.000
2.125
2.5793
3.5714
.0064
.0059
451885
16.96 2.602

NC40(4FH)
5.250
2.563
2.6001
3.5833
.0066
.0059
451885

4 14.00
15.90
3.340
NC40(FH)
5.500
2.438
3.2970
4.0714
.0106
.0055
399502
15.55 3.340
H90
5.500
2.813
3.3419
4.0714
.0108
.0053
399502
16.14 3.340
NC46(IF)
6.000
3.250
3.3357
4.0952
.0108
.0055
399502

15.70 17.55
3.240
NC40(FH)

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 5.500
2.438
3.2018
4.0714
.0100
.0061
453765
17.17 3.240
H90
5.500
2.813
3.2197
4.0714
.0101
.0060
453765
17.75 3.240
NC46(IF)
6.000
3.250
3.2404
4.0952
.0102
.0063
453765

4 1/2 16.60
18.62
3.826
FH
6.000
3.000
3.8767
4.5714
.0146
.0057
462781
18.39 3.826
H90
6.000
3.000
3.8767
4.5714
.0146
.0057
462781
18.34 3.826
NC50(IF)
6.375
3.750
3.8224
4.5893
.0142
.0063
462781
18.88 3.826
NC46(XH)
6.250
3.000

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 3.8767
4.5833
.0146
.0058
462781

20.00 22.29
3.640
FH
6.000
2.500
3.5857
4.5714
.0125
.0078
577301
21.90 3.640
H90
6.000
3.000
3.6095
4.5714
.0127
.0076
577301
22.13 3.640
NC50(IF)
6.375
3.500
3.6333
4.5893
.0128
.0076
577301
22.75 3.640
NC46(XH)
6.250
2.500
3.5857
4.5833
.0125
.0079
577301

22.82 25.13
3.500
NC50(IF)
6.500
3.250
3.4881
4.5952
.0118
.0087
659735
25.25 3.500
NC46(XH)
6.250
2.500
3.4524
4.5833

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .0116
.0088
659735

5 19.50
22.46
4.276
5 1/2 FH
7.000
3.750
4.2510
5.0952
.0176
.0077
553833
22.32 4.276
H90
6.500
3.000
4.2152
5.0714
.0173
.0077
553833
21.92 4.276
NC50(XH)
6.500
3.250
4.2271
5.0714
.0174
.0076
553833

25.60 29.01
4.000
5 1/2 FH
7.250
3.500
3.9762
5.1071
.0154
.0100
742201
28.32 4.000
NC50(XH)
6.625
2.750
3.9405
5.0774
.0151
.0099
742201

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 Grade G-105 Drill Pipe

Drill Pipe Data Tool Joint Data

Pipe Adjusted
Only Weight Pipe Average* Average*
Nominal Weight Per Foot Inside Outside Inside Inside Outside Maximum**
Size Per Foot W/Tool Joint Diameter Connection Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Capacity* Displacement* Hook Load
(inches) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (inches) Type (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (bbls/ft) (bbl/ft) (klb)

5 1/2 21.90
25.21
4.778
FH
7.250
3.500
4.7171
5.5830
.0216
.0087
611963

24.70 27.76
4.670
FH
7.250
3.500
4.6140
5.5830
.0207
.0096
696111

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 Grade S-135 Drill Pipe

Drill Pipe Data Tool Joint Data

Pipe Adjusted
Only Weight Pipe Average* Average*
Nominal Weight Per Foot Inside Outside Inside Inside Outside Maximum**
Size Per Foot W/Tool Joint Diameter Connection Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Capacity* Displacement* Hook Load
(inches) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (inches) Type (inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (bbls/ft) (bbl/ft) (klb)

2 7/8 10.40
11.38
2.151
NC31(IF)
4.375
1.625
1.9774
2.4702
.0038
.0021
385820
11.12 2.151
SLH90
4.125
1.625
1.9774
2.9345
.0038
.0046
385820

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 3 1/2 13.30
14.69
2.764
NC38(IF)
5.000
2.125
2.7336
3.5714
.0073
.0051
488825
14.69 2.764
SLH90
5.000
2.125
2.7336
3.5714
.0073
.0051
488825
15.04 2.764

NC40(4FH)
5.375
2.438
2.7485
3.5893
.0073
.0052
488825

15.50 17.56
2.602

NC40(4FH)
5.500
2.250
2.5852
3.5952
.0065
.0061
580995

4 14.00
16.18
3.340
NC40(FH)
5.500
2.000
3.2762
4.0714
.0104
.0057
513646
15.55 3.340
H90
5.500
2.813
3.3419

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 4.0714
.0108
.0053
513646
16.38 3.340
NC46(IF)
6.000
3.000
3.3238
4.0952
.0107
.0056
513646

15.70 18.03
3.240
NC46(IF)
6.000
3.000
3.2286
4.0952
.0101
.0059
583413

4 1/2 16.60
19.28
3.826
FH
6.250
2.500
3.7629
4.5833
.0138
.0067
595004
18.42 3.826
H90
6.000
3.000
3.8767
4.5714
.0146
.0057
595004
18.61 3.826
NC50(IF)
6.375
3.500
3.8105
4.5893
.0141
.0064
595004
19.09 3.826
NC46(XH)
6.250
2.750
3.7748

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 4.5833
.0138
.0066
595004

20.00 23.22
3.640
NC50(IF)
6.625
3.000
3.6095
4.6012
.0127
.0079
742244
22.93 3.640
NC46(XH)
6.250
2.250
3.5738
4.5833
.0124
.0080
742244

22.82 25.83
3.500
NC50(IF)
6.625
2.750
3.4643
4.6012
.0117
.0089
848230

5 19.50
23.40
4.276
5 1/2 FH
7.250
3.500
4.2390
5.1071
.0175
.0079
712070
22.60 4.276
NC50(XH)
6.625
2.750
4.2033
5.0774
.0172
.0079
712070

25.60 29.35
4.000

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 5 1/2 FH
7.250
3.250
3.9643
5.1071
.0153
.0101
954259

5 1/2 21.90
26.33
4.778
FH
7.250
3.000
4.6933
5.5830
.0214
.0089
786809

24.70 28.87
4.670
FH
7.500
3.000
4.5905
5.5952
.0205
.0098
894999

Table VI

Bouyancy Factors

Bouyancy Bouyancy Bouyancy Bouyancy

Lb./Gal. Factor Lb./Gal. Factor Lb./Gal. Factor Lb./Gal. Factor
6.0 .9083
9.8
.8502
13.6
.7922
17.4
.7341

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 6.1 .9068
9.9
.8487
13.7
.7906
17.5
.7326
6.2 .9053
10.0
.8472
13.8
.7891
17.6
.7311
6.3 .9037
10.1
.8457
13.9
.7876
17.7
.7295
6.4 .9022
10.2
.8441
14.0
.7861
17.8
.7280
6.5 .9007
10.3
.8426
14.1
.7845
17.9
.7265
6.6 .8991
10.4
.8411
14.2
.7830
18.0
.7249
6.7 .8976
10.5
.8395
14.3

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .7815
18.1
.7234
6.8 .8961
10.6
.8380
14.4
.7800
18.2
.7219
6.9 .8946
10.7
.8365
14.5
.7784
18.3
.7204
7.0 .8930
10.8
.8350
14.6
.7769
18.4
.7188
7.1 .8915
10.9
.8334
14.7
.7754
18.5
.7173
7.2 .8900
11.0
.8319
14.8
.7738
18.6
.7158
7.3 .8884
11.1
.8304
14.9
.7723
18.7
.7142

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 7.4 .8869
11.2
.8289
15.0
.7708
18.8
.7127
7.5 .8854
11.3
.8273
15.1
.7693
18.9
.7112
7.6 .8839
11.4
.8258
15.2
.7677
19.0
.7097
7.7 .8823
11.5
.8243
15.3
.7662
19.1
.7081
7.8 .8808
11.6
.8227
15.4
.7647
19.2
.7066
7.9 .8793
11.7
.8212
15.5
.7631
19.3
.7051
8.0 .8778
11.8
.8197
15.6

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 .7616
19.4
.7035
8.1 .8762
11.9
.8182
15.7
.7601
19.5
.7020
8.2 .8747
12.0
.8166
15.8
.7586
19.6
.7005
8.3 .8732
12.1
.8151
15.9
.7570
19.7
.6990
8.4 .8716
12.2
.8136
16.0
.7555
19.8
.6974
8.5 .8701
12.3
.8120
16.1
.7540
19.9
.6960
8.6 .8686
12.4
.8105
16.2
.7524
20.0
.6944

Sperry-Sun Drilling Services

Surface Logging Systems
 8.7 .8671 12.5 .8090
16.3 .7509
8.8 .8655 12.6 .8075
16.4 .7494
8.9 .8640 12.7 .8059
16.5 .7479
9.0 .8625 12.8 .8044
16.6 .7463
9.1 .8609 12.9 .8029
16.7 .7448
9.2 .8594 13.0 .8013
16.8 .7433
9.3 .8579 13.1 .7998
16.9 .7417
9.4 .8564 13.2 .7983
17.0 .7402
9.5 .8548 13.3 .7968
17.1 .7387
9.6 .8533 13.4 .7952
17.2 .7372
9.7 .8518 13.5 .7937
17.3 .7356

APPENDIX

Table I

The output in barrels per stroke of a single-acting triplex pump is as follows:

Output = .000243 X (liner ID2) X stroke length (inches)

Example: The output of a 6" X 12" triplex pump is

Output = .000243 X (62) X 12

= .000243 X 36 X 12

= .1050 bbls/stk

Table II

The hole capacity in barrels per foot is as follows:

Capacity = Hole Diameter2 X .0009714

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 Example: Capacity of a 17 1/2" hole is

Capacity = 17.52 X .0009714

= 306.25 X .0009714

= .2975 bbls/ft

Table III

The casing capacity and displacement in barrels per foot is as follows:

Capacity = Inside Diameter2 X .0009714

Displacement = Outside Diameter2 - Inside Diameter2 X .0009714

Example: The capacity and displacement of 9 5/8" P-110 53.5 lbs/ft casing

capacity = ID2 X .0009714

= 8.5352 X .0009714 (from Table

III)

= 72.846225 x .0009714

= .0708 bbls/ft

displacement = OD2 - ID2 X .0009714

= 9.6252 - 8.5352 X .0009714

= 92.640625 - 72.846225 X .0009714

= 19.7944 X .0009714

= .0192 bbls/ft

Table IV

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The capacity and displacement of a drill collar is calculated the same as casing.

Capacity = Inside Diameter2 X .0009714

Displacement = Outside Diameter2 - Inside Diameter2 X .0009714

Table V

The average inside diameter and average outside diameter are based on a joint of pipe that has a 1.5 foot
tool joint and 30 feet of tube. The following formula was used:

Avg. ID = (30 X tube ID) + (1.5 X tool joint ID) / 31.5

Example: Grade E 5 inch 19.50 lbs/ft drill pipe with a 5 1/2 FH connection

Avg ID = (30 X 4.276) + (1.5 X 3.75) / 31.5

= (128.28 + 5.625) / 31.5

= 133.905 / 31.5

= 4.2510 inches

Avg OD = (30 X 5) + (1.5 X 7) / 31.5

= (150 + 10.5) / 31.5

= 160.5 / 31.5

= 5.0952 inches

The casing and displacement values for all drill pipe is based on the average inside diameter and the
average outside diameter.

Capacity = Average Inside Diameter2 X .0009714

Displacement = Average Outside Diameter2 - Average Inside Diameter2 X .0009714

To calculate pounds per foot:

lbs/ft = 2.67 (AOD2 - AID2)

Example: S-135, 5" drill pipe, 19.5 lb/ft (tube wt.) with 5 1/2 FH tool joints

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 lbs/ft = 2.67 (Avg. Outside Diameter2 - Avg. Inside Diameter2)

lbs/ft = 2.67 (5.10712 - 4.2392)

lbs/ft = 2.67 (26.729934 - 17.969121)

lbs/ft = 2.67 (8.760813)

lbs/ft = 23.391371 or 23.4

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