MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD MODULE 2

Name: Laguna, Kenn Justin P. Offering Number: N018

Class schedule: Monday, 10:30 – 12:30 Mobile Number: 09293066836

Assessment for Lesson No.: 2.1

I. Logical Reasoning. Answer the following questions.
a. Five candles stand burning in a living room. A strong breeze blown in through an
open window and extinguishes two of them. Assuming the wind does not smother any
more candles, how many candles have left in the end?
Answer:
Five candles stand burning in a living room and then two of them have been
blown off by the strong breeze, if the wind does not smother any more candles, only 2
candles have left in the end as the 3 have been melted down.
b. A rooster leaves an egg at the top most of a slanted building. Which side is the egg
going to roll-off?
Answer:
First of all, roosters do not lay eggs. IF a rooster left an egg at the top most of a
slanted building, if nothing compelled to that state by forces impressed on it, the egg will
remain in its rest. If something compelled to that state such as wind, the egg will roll
either way of which direction the wind blows.

I. Make/construct a problem that can be solved using different problem-solving

strategies. Choose two (2) heuristics.
Find the missing term of the given problem.
- 10, 18, 24, _, 30.
Answer:
-28, because if we multiply 1*10= 10, 2*9= 18, 3*8= 24, 4*7= 28, and 5*6= 30.
The strategies used were Logical Reasoning and Finding Pattern
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD MODULE 2

Name: Laguna, Kenn Justin P. Offering Number: N018

Class schedule: Monday, 10:30 – 12:30 Mobile Number: 09293066836

Assessment for Lesson No.: 2.2

1. On the way home from school, Dora likes to eat cookies. One daytime, just as she
reached into her backpack, Swiper jumped into her path and grabbed her bag. It stole
half of her cookies plus two more. A bit shaken, Dora continued home. Before she had a
casual to eat a cookie, Swiper jumped into her path again and stole half of her cookies
plus two more. Upset, Dora continued. However, before she had a chance to eat even a
piece of cookie, Swiper jumped out and did the same thing took half her cookies plus
two more. Now there were only two pieces of cookies left in Dora's backpack. She sat
down and began to sob. Then Swiper reappeared, feeling some sense of remorse, and
told her it would return all her cookies to her if she told them how many she had
altogether when she started. How many pieces of cookies had been in Dora's
backpack?
Step 1: Understand the Problem
- How many cookies did Swiper stole from Dora? Swiper took half of her cookies
plus two more for the first time, half of her cookies plus two more for the second time,
and half of cookies plus two more for the third time.
Step 2: Devise a Plan
- We can solve this using algebra. Let Dora had x pieces of cookies.
Step 3: Carry out the Plan
x
- Swiper stole ( +2) pieces of cookies. Dora left with cookies ¿ ¿).
2
x
For the second time, Swiper stole( +2) pieces of cookies. Dora left with cookies
2
x
¿ −3
4
x x 7
For the third time, Swiper stole ( +2) pieces of cookies. Dora left with cookies ¿ − .
2 8 2
x 7 x 7 x 11
So, − =2 → =2+ → = → x=44
8 2 8 2 8 2
Step 4: Look Back
- We are able to find the value of x which is 44, x is the value of cookies Dora
originally have, so, Dora have a total of 44 cookies in her backpack. We can check:
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD MODULE 2

44− (22+2 )=44−24=2020−( 10−2 ) =20−12+88−( 4 +2 )=8−6=2

2. Irish went to her father’s farm. Her father has ducks and cows on his farm. She asked
him how many ducks and how many cows. He told her that his animals had 26 heads
and 68 legs, and from that data, she could calculate the number of ducks and the
number of cows. If you were Irish, how will you solve the situation?
Step 1: Understand the Problem
- How many ducks and cows if there are the total of 68 legs and 26 heads? Both
of the animals have only 1 head, so we can tell that the total of animals in the farm is
26.
Step 2: Devise a Plan
- We can solve this using algebra. Let x be the chicken and y be the cow.
Step 3: Carry out the Plan
- Since the total of heads of both animals are 26, we can say x + y=26, the total
of legs of both animals are 68, we can say 2 x+ 4 y=68.
So, we have two linear formulas:
x + y=26 (1) 2 x+ 4 y=68 (2)
We can use these formulas to find the number of ducks and the number of cows.
From (1): x + y=26 → y=26−x, we can substitute the value of y to the 2nd formula.
From (2): 2 x+ 4(26−x )=68 → 2 x+104−4 x=68 → 2 x−4 x =68−104
→ −2 x=−36 → x=18.
We found the value of x; thus, the number of ducks is 18. We can find the number of
cows using the first formula.
x + y=26
18− y=26 → y=26−18 → y=8, thus, the number of cows is 8.
Step 4: Look Back
- We can check our answer substituting the number of cows and ducks to the 2
formulas. Let x be the ducks and y be the cows.
x + y=26 2 x+ 4 y=68
18+8=2626=26 2 ( 18 ) +4 ( 8 )=6836+32=6868=68
 MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD MODULE 2

3. Alden works in the city and lives in the suburbs with Nikka. Every afternoon, Alden
gets on a train that arrives at the suburban station at five in the afternoon. Nikka leaves
the house before five and drives at a constant speed to arrive at the train station at
exactly 5 PM to pick up Alden. The route that Nikka drives never changes. One
Tuesday morning, this routine is interrupted because there is a power failure at work.
Alden gets to leave early and catches a train that arrives at the suburban station at 4
PM. Instead of calling Nikka to ask for an earlier pickup, Alden decides to have a little
exercise. He begins walking home along the route that Nikka drives, knowing that
eventually, Nikka will intercept Alden, and then will make a U-turn. This is indeed, what
happens, and Alden ends up arriving at home 10 minutes earlier than on a typical day.
Assuming that Alden’s walking speed is constant, the U-turn takes no time, and that
Nikka's driving speed is constant, how many minutes did Alden walk?
Step 1: Understand the Problem
- Alden gets on a train and arrives at the suburban station at five in the afternoon
and Nikka leaves the house before five and drives at a constant speed to pickup Alden
at the suburban station at exactly 5. Their routine interrupted and Alden gets to leave
earlier than usual and arrives at suburban station at 4. Alden decided to walk to their
home along the route that Nikka drives and eventually they will intercept and Nikka will
make a U-turn. Alden arrived 10 minutes earlier than on a typical day, assuming that his
walking speed is constant, U-turn takes no time, and that Nikka's driving speed is
constant, how many minutes did Alden walk?
- We can make use of visual representation of their daily routine and the changed
routine to understand more the problem.

TYPICAL DAY ROUTINE

SUBURBAN STATION ALDEN AND

Alden usually arrives NIKKA’S HOUSE
at 5pm from his work.

INTERRUPTED DAY ROUTINE

SUBURBAN STATION ALDEN AND

Alden usually arrived NIKKA’S HOUSE
an hour earlier and Alden and Nikka
started to take a arrived 10 minutes
walk. earlier than the usual.
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD MODULE 2

Step 2: Devise a Plan

- We must first identify Nikka’s travel time from their house to the suburban
station to identify the time she left to pick up Alden. After that, we can calculate the time
Alden took to walk back to their house.
Step 3: Carry out the Plan
- Based on the diagram, Alden and Nikka arrived 10 minutes earlier than the
usual, thus, Nikka was able to save 10 minutes of her time driving compare to the usual.
To identify Nikki’s travel time, we let x represent her travel time from their house to the
suburban station, and 2 x as her roundtrip travel time.
Nikka’s interrupted travel time 2 x−10(minutes)=0
2 x=10(minutes)
Therefore, on their daily routine, Nikka’s roundtrip travel time is 20 minutes.
- To calculate the time Alden walked, we must first identify the time Alden and
Nikka usually arrive to their house. Nikka’s travel time is 20 minutes roundtrip driving,
thus, to travel from their house to the suburban station will take her 10 minutes. She
probably leaves their house to pick up Alden at 4:50 pm. She will arrive at the suburban
station at exactly 5 pm and the two will travel back to their home and arrive at 5:10 pm.
- On their interrupted routine, she will still leave at 4:50 pm, like the usual. While
traveling, Alden and Nikka will intercept around 4:55 pm, the two will then travel back
together to their home and will arrive 10 minutes earlier than the usual. Therefore, Alden
took 55 minutes walking before he and Nikki intercepts, and drove back to their house.
Step 4: Look Back
- Alden took 55 minutes walking while Nikka only travels for 5 minutes back and
forth, thus, both of them arrived 10 minutes before the usual.
4. Dominic went to the car dealer to buy a car. He wanted the same car that his friend
Barbara had bought the day before, which had a sticker price of Php850, 000. The
salesman said he could give a discount and ordered Dominic a significantly reduced
price. However, Dominic knew that Barbara had received a 20% discount, and the
salesman offered him only a 10% discount. When Dominic emphasized that his friend
had received a 20% discount the day before, the salesman took another 5% of the 10%
discounted price. Dominic was satisfied with the new price and bought the car, thinking
he had paid the same price as Barbara. Was he right? Did they both pay the same
price?
Step 1: Understand the Problem
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD MODULE 2

- Barbara bought a car with a discounted of 20% from the original price of
Php850,000. Dominic offered with 10% discounted price of the same car as Barbara’s.
Then offered again with another 5% of the 10% discounted price. He bought the car
thinking he had paid the same price as Barbara. Was he right? Did they both pay the
same price?
Step 2: Devise a Plan
- We let, P= original price, S= sale price, and r= discount rate.
We will use the formula S = P(1-r)

Step 3: Carry out the Plan

We must first compute how much Barbara bought the car with 20% discount from the
original price of Php850,000.

S=P ( 1−r ) S=Php 850,000 ( 1−0.2 ) Therefore, Barbara bought the car for
Php680,000. S=Php 850,000 ( 0.8 ) S=Php 680,000
Then, we compute how much Dominic will pay if he buys the car with 10% discount
from the original price of Php850,000.

S=P ( 1−r ) S=Php 850,000 ( 1−0.1 ) Php765,000 was the discounted price of 10%
from S=Php 850,000 ( 0.9 ) the original price. S=Php 765,000
Next, we compute how much Dominic bought the car with 5% discount from 10%
discounted price of the car.,

S=P ( 1−r ) S=Php 765,000 ( 1−0.05 ) Therefore, Dominic bought the car for
Php726,750. S=Php 765,000 ( 0.95 ) S=Php 726,750
We can conclude that Dominic did not bought the car with the same price as Barbara’s.
Step 4: Look Back
We can compare the price of the car Dominic and Barbara bought. It can be seen that
Barbara bought the car much lesser price compare to Dominic.
5. Your house is 2 km due north of a stream that runs east-west. Your aunt’s house is
located 12 km west and one km north of your house. Every day, you go from your
house to aunt’s, but first, visit the stream (to get fresh water for aunt). What is the
shortest distance of the route?

Step 1: Understand the Problem

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD MODULE 2

- My house is 2km due north of a stream that runs east-west,

- Aunt’s house is 12 km west and 1 km north of my house.
- What is the shortest distance of the route from my house to the stream, to my
aunt’s house?
- To understand more the problem, we can refer to the figure shown below.

AUNT
A
1 C ME
12−x x D
B
2
2
E
STREAM

- The shortest route would be D-E-A

Step 2: Devise a Plan

We can get the distance from point A to point D by

D=ED +(CE+ CA )

- The triangles ABC and CDE are similar, so, we can use the AA Theorem.

AB ED
=
BC DC

- We can use the Pythagoras Theorem

Step 3: Carry out the Plan

First, we make use the AA theorem to find the value of x.
AB ED 1 2
= → = → x=24−2 x → 3 x=24 → x=8
BC DC 12−x x
Then, we will make use of the Pythagoras theorem in the triangle CDE, we will have

CE= √(CD)2+( ED )2 → √ (8)2 +(2)2 → √ 64+ 4=√ 68

Next, we will make use of the similarity of triangles again,
AB ED 1 2 √68
= → = → CA=
CA CE CA √ 68 2
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD MODULE 2

We already found the needed value of D=ED +(CE+ CA ). We can now substitute,

D=2+ (√ 68+ √268 )D=2+ 3 √17∨14.369317

Step 4: Look Back
We can check if the missing value is correct by using the Pythagoras Theorem,
For the triangle CDE,
2 2 2
a 2 +b 2 ¿ c 28 +2 ¿ ( √ 68 ) 64+ 4=6868=68

For the triangle ABC,

2
a 2 +b 2 ¿ c 212 + 4 2 ¿(
√ 68 ) 1+16=1717=17
2

Name: Laguna, Kenn Justin P. Offering Number: N018

Class schedule: Monday, 10:30 – 12:30 Mobile Number: 09293066836

Assessment for Lesson No.: 2.3

Solve each problem neatly and systematically.
Problems:
1. Use deductive reasoning to show that the following procedures produce a number
that is one less than twice the original number.
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD MODULE 2

Procedure: Pick a number. Multiply the number by 4, add 8 to the product, divide the
sum by 2, and subtract 5.
Answer: We must deduce that the procedure will produce ¿ 2 n−1.
n ( 4 )+ 8
We must check if −5 is equal to 2 n−1
2
n ( 4 )+ 8
−5=2n−1
2
4 n+ 8
−5=2n−1
2
2 n−4−5=2n−1
2 n−1=2 n−1
The solution started with n and ended with 2 n−1. This implies that the procedure given
in this example produces a number that is one less than twice the original number.
Example:
15 ( 4 ) + 8
If we pick 15, −5=2(15)−1
2
15(4 )+ 8
−5=2( 15)−1
2
15(2)−4−5=2(15)−1
30−1=30−1
29=29
The solution started with 15 and ended with 29. This implies that the procedure given in
this example produces a number that is one less than twice the original number.

2. Use inductive reasoning to predict the next number in each of the lists.
a. -2, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, _
From the given sequence, we have:

−2+2=00+2=22+2=44 +2=66+2=88+2=¿ ¿

We can observe that, -2 + 2 = 0, 0 + 2 = 2 and so on. To get the next term, we must add
8 and 2, therefore, our next term is 10. We can conjugate that the pattern of the given
sequence is n+2.
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD MODULE 2

b. 1, 2, 5, 10, 17, _
From the given sequence, we have:

1+1=22+3=55+5=1010+7=1717+ 9=26

We can observe that, each number in the sequence is greater than the previous number
by an odd amount. Following this, the next odd number to be added to 26 should be 11,
therefore, the next term should be 37. We can conjugate that the pattern of the given
sequence is the answer of the previous term must be added to an odd number greater
than the previous number.
c. 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, _
From the given sequence, we have:

1=02+ 12=12 +15=22+110=32+ 117=4 2+ 1¿¿ 5 2+1

We can observe that, 02 +1=1, 12 +1=2 and so on. To get the next term, we must 52 +1,
therefore, our next term is 26. We can conjugate that the pattern of the given sequence
is n2 +1, and n must be 1 greater than the n in the previous term.