ECE-2202 ECE Department ASTU

Tutorial Problems
On
Feedback Amplifiers (ECE-2202)

1. The voltage gain of an amplifier without feedback is 3000. Calculate the voltage gain of the
amplifier if the negative voltage feedback is introduced in the circuit. Assume the feedback
fraction (β) is 0.01.

Solution:
The voltage gain without feedback, Av = 3000

Feedback fraction, β = 0.01

The voltage gain with feedback, Avf =?

The voltage gain with negative feedback is given by

Av
Avf =
1+(β Av)

3000
=
1+(3000∗0.01)

3000
= 31 = 97.

2. The overall gain of a multistage amplifier is 140. When negative voltage feedback is applied,
the gain is reduced to 17.5. Find the fraction of the output that is feedback to the input?

Solution:
Given, Av = 140 and Avf =17.5
The voltage gain with negative feedback is given by
Av
Avf =
1+(β Av)

140
17.5 = 1+(140∗β)

Or 17.5 + 2450 β = 14

140−17.5 1
= = = 0.05.
2450 20

3. When negative voltage feedback is applied to an amplifier of gain 100, the overall gain falls to
50.then calculate the following:
a) The fraction of the output voltage feedback.

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b) The value of the amplifier required if the overall stage gain is to be 75 for the same fraction.

Solution: Given, Av = 100 and Avf = 50

The voltage gain with negative feedback is given by
Av
Avf =
1+(β Av)

100
a) 50 = 1+(100∗β)

Or 50 + 5000 β = 100
100−50 1
= = = 0.01.
5000 100

b) given same fraction, = 0.01 and Avf = 75

Av
Avf =
1+(β Av)
Av
Or 75 =
1+(0.01∗ Av)

Or 75+0.75 Av = Av

75
Av = = 300.
1−0.75

4. An amplifier with a negative voltage feedback gives an output of 10 volts for an input of 0.5
volts. When feedback removed, it requires 0.25 volts input for the same output. Calculate
a) gain without feedback and b) feedback fraction.
Solution:
output voltage 10
a) Gain without feedback is, Av = = = 40.
input voltage 0.25

output voltage 10
b) Gain with feedback is, Avf = = = 20.
input voltage 0.5

Av
Now Avf =
1+(β Av)

40
Or 20 =
1+(β∗ 40)

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20 + 800 β = 40
40−20 1
∴ β= = = 0.025.
800 40

5. The gain of an amplifier without feedback is 50 whereas with negative feedback, it falls to 25.
If due to ageing, the amplifier gain falls to 40, find the percentage reduction in stage gain (a)
without feedback and (b) with negative feedback.
Solution:
(a) Without feedback: The gain of the amplifier without feedback is 50. However, due to ageing,
it falls to 40.
50−40
∴ Percentage reduction in stage gain = × 100 = 20%
50
(b) With negative feedback:.
Av
Avf =
1+(β Av)
50
25 =
1+(β∗50)
∴ β = 1/50.
The gain with negative feedback was 25. Now the gain falls to 40
Av 40
New gain with negative feedback = = 1 = 22.2
1+(β Av) 1+(40∗ )
50
25−22.2
∴ Percentage reduction in stage gain = × 100 = 11.2%.
25

6. If 0.1 fraction of the output of an amplifier with a gain of 100 is fedback in opposition to the
input, calculate the percentage change in the gain of the system if the gain (without feedback) of
the amplifier falls 6 db due to ageing.
Solution: Given, Av = 100 and β = 0.1. Avf = ?
The voltage gain with negative feedback is given by
Av
Avf =
1+(β Av)

100
Avf = 1+(100∗0.1)
= 9.09

Fall in gain = 6 db,

Let Av1 be the new absolute voltage gain without feedback, then
Av
20 log ( )=6
Av1

Av
Or log ( ) = [6/20] = 0.3
Av1

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Av
Or ( ) = Antilog 0.3 = 2
Av1

Av
Or Av1 = ( ) = 100/2 = 50
2

Av1 50
∴ New Avf = = 1+(50∗0.1) = 8.33
1+(β Av1)

9.09−8.33
∴ Percentage change in system gain = × 100 = 8.36%.
9.09

7. An amplifier has a voltage gain of 500 without feeddack. The gain is reduced to 100 with negative
feedback. Calculate the fraction of output fed back. If , due to ageing of components, the gain without
feedback falls by 20%, calculate the percentage fall in gain with feedback.

Solution: Given, Av = 500 and Avf = 100 , β = ?.

The voltage gain with negative feedback is given by
Av
Avf =
1+(β Av)

500
100 = 1+(500∗β)

β = 0.008

Now gain after considering ageing effect is:

80
Av = 100 × 500 = 400; β = 0.008

Av 400 400
And Avf = = 1+(400∗0.008)
= 4.2
= 95.3
1+(β Av)

100−95.3
∴ Percentage fall in Avf = × 100 = 4.7%.
100

Note that the change in gain without feedback is 20%. However, with negative feedback the change in
gain is 4.7% (comparatively much less). Hence it is conclude that negative feedback provides voltage
gain stability.

8. An amplifier is required with a voltage gain of 100 which does not vary by more than 1%. If it is to use
negative feedback with a basic amplifier the voltage gain of which can vary by 20%, determine the
minimum voltage gain required and the feedback factor.

Solution: Given, Avf = 100, Av = ?, β = ?.

The voltage gain with negative feedback is given by

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Av
100 =
1+(β Av)

or 100+100(β Av) = Av ---------------------------(1)

0.8 Av
also 99 =
1+(β∗ 0.8 Av)

or 99+79.2(β Av) = 0.8 Av ------------------------------(2)

Multiplying equation (1) by 0.792, we have,

79.2+79.2(β Av) = 0.792 Av -------------------------- (3)

Subtracting [(2)-(3)], we have,

19.8 = 0.008 Av
19.8
∴ Av = 0.008 = 2475

Putting the value of Av( = 2475) in equation (1), we have,

100+100 × 2475 × β = 2475

2475−100
β = 100 ×2475
= 0.0096.

9. An amplifier has a mid band gain of 125 and bandwidth of 250 kHz.

a) If 4% negative feedback is introduced, find the new bandwidth and gain.

b) If the bandwidth is restricted to 1 MHz. Find the feedback ratio.

Solution:
a) Given, Av = 125, β = 4% = 0.04 and BW = 250 kHz, Avf = ?
The voltage gain with negative feedback is given by
Av
Avf =
1+(β Av)

125
= 1+(125∗0.04)
= 20.833

BWf = 1 + (β Av)BW = (1+ 0.04 × 125) × 250 kHz = 1.5 MHz

b) Given: BWf = 1 MHz

∴ 1 × 106 = (1+ β × 125) × 250× 103 , β = 0.024.