A Study On Consumer Buying Behavior Towards Purchase of Used Car's

RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT
ON
A Study on Consumer Buying Behavior Towards Purchase of Used Car's.
Towards partial fulfillment of
Master of Business Administration (MBA)
School of Management, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow
Guided by: Submitted by
(Dr. Neelabh Kumar) Ajay Kumar Sharma
Session 2020-2021
School of Management
Babu Banarasi Das University
Sector 1, Dr. Akhilesh Das Nagar , Faizabad Road , Lucknow (U.P.) India
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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. Ajay Kumar Sharma student of MBA-M22 semester 4th, session
2020-2021 of Babu Banarasi Das University has successfully completed the Research
Project in the area of Marketing, under the guidance of Dr. Neelabh Kumar.
His/hers of the Research study is A Study on Consumer Buying Behavior towards Purchase of
Used Car's.
Dr. Neelabh Kumar Dr. Sushil Pandey
(Guide- SOM) Dean/Incharge
SOM
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I have taken efforts on this project. However, it would not have been possible
without that it is impossible to make research report.
Many kind support plus assistance. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to
all.
I am greatly indebted to my mentor, Dr. Neelabh Kumar for guiding me plus
always being on the lookout plus providing the necessary information about the
project plus for his support in completing the Scoping Report.
I would like to extend a huge thank you to my parents for their kind plus
encouraging cooperation plus attention to me plus the time that helps me
complete this task.
My thanks plus thanks go out to my friends for building the project.
Ajay Kumar Sharma
University Roll No-1190672019
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Executive Summary
We will succeed because we offer it differently; a fantastic car buying experience. We will
create a shopping environment that is responsive to customer's needs. We sell a professional
service plus car buying experience that will bring customer's back, as well as targeting friends
plus family. In Indian used cars for sale are increasing day by day due to increased revenue.
We estimate the amount of capital surplus in terms of industry average. We will be successful
because of the excellent team we have brought together for drive plus tenant determination.
Our goal is to provide the customer's with a fun plus reliable service to satisfy the individual
needs of traveling with a quality product.
We also believe that it is important to have low quality cars at a low price, plus to replace
each vehicle with a 30-day limited warranty. Our company will make a profit by producing
sales. It will provide job satisfaction plus proper reconciliation to its employees, as well as
proper return to its owners. Hard work plus performance are rewarded with bonuses plus
commissions
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TABLE OF CONTENT
Sr. Topic Page no.
1. Introduction 1-15
2. Objectives 16-17
3. Scope of Study 18-19
4. Review of Literature 20-31
5. Research Methodology 32-38
6. Limitations 39-40
7. Interpolation Hypothesis 41-42
8. Data Analysis 43-57
9. Finding 58-59
10. Suggestion 60-61
11. Conclusion 62-63
12 Reference 64-65
13 Questionnaire on consumer buying behavior on 66-70
used car's
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INTRODUCTION
1
The used automobile market has been the Indian vehicle market for years, but because of the risky
plus unplanned situation of purchasing used vehicles without a permit, plus due to the lack of used
motor automobile certificates, the car industry before it may turn out to be an important a part of
the car enterprise. Since the last four years, even huge automobile manufacturers coming into the
pre-owned automotive enterprise are massive in a massive way. In India, opposition among used
motors plus new car's has reached its climax. In Indian used automobiles on the market are growing
day by means of day because of increased sales.
All of those importe d cars are ofte n re fe rre d to as Ce rtifie d Ve hicle s, .Indian use d automobile s
a a a a a a a a a a a a a
for sale are incre asing day by using day due to incre ase d human income s. As the y may be give n
a a a a a a a a a a
a warranty plus guarante e d be st as of ve hicle se lle rs. Diffe re nt automobile produce rs ge t into a a a a a a a a a a a a
the pre -owne d car busine ss, plus the y have unique marke ting te chnique s plus prioritie s for
a a a a a a a a a a a
e nte ring the pre -owne d car busine ss. Maruti Udyog Limite d is the first ve hicle manufacture r to
e nte r the pre -orde rly automobile comme rcial e nte rprise with its “Maruti True Value ” mode l.
The re are nume rous re asons be hind the acce ss of car make rs into the pre -ope rative ve hicle
a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
e nte rprise ; the attractive offe rs on provide , with the aid of re placing the ve hicle s use d for the
a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
ne w ve hicle mode l. Re sale Price for e xample , Wagon R, Alto plus Swift MULs are the top use d
a a a a a a a a a a a a
car manufacture rs in India for the ir high sale s volume , main to a growing call for ne w
a a a a a
automobile income due to the price of the product. In Indian use d automobile s on the marke t are
growing day through day due to multiplie d sale s. a a a
2
3
Anothe r purpose is patron re te ntion; the marke t chie f can hold the ir clie nts loyal via the change program.
Car make rs plus spe cifically marke t le ade rs in a se gme nt can be capable to re place the ir lost buye rs with
the aid of e xchanging plus ne w motors for use d motors of othe r compe titors. Comme rcial Banking is
a a a a a a a
anothe r aspe ct whe re se lle rs are attracte d to the pre -owne d automotive se ctor, sponsorships plus
partne rships with busine ss banks in the use d automobile e nte rprise have additionally pushe d automobile
make rs into the use d car marke tplace . Comme rcial banks provide loans of as much as 50% -80% of the
a a a a a a a a
fe e of the ve hicle use d. Compe titive Strategy; it's far one of the motive s as most automobile make rs
input the pre -owne d automobile marke tplace , so e ach ve hicle make r ne e ds the life style s of this strate gic
a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
plan. In Indian use d automobile s on the marke t are incre asing day through day be cause of e le vate d a a a a a a a a a a a
re ve nue .
a a a
In Indian use d cars for sale are incre asing day by way of day due to e xpande d re ve nue . a a a a a a a a a a
Consume r options talk to particular pursuits or options, which can be de cide d through using
a a a a
distinctive sorts of goods by me ans of consume rs. Allow custome rs to classify those goods
a a a a a
base d on the ir usage base d on the ir usage . The se options do no longe r ne e d to be prompte d by
me ans of mone y plus price s. Pe rsonal pastime s or pe rsonal alte rnative s do not must re ly upon
a a a a a a a a a
the individual's ability to purchase the se me rchandise . Custome r's re putation lays the inspiration
a a a a a a a a a
for clie nt call for. Change in rate , custome r's re action to rate change , purchase r willingne ss to
a a a a a a a a a
payfor a product, additionally have an e ffe ct on profits, on the way to he lp re cognize purchase r a a a a a a a a
pe rformance . De pe nding on custome r's ne e ds, purchase r possibilitie s ove r bright light cars re ly
upon dive rse e le me nts. The se factors include se rvice first-class, mode rn-day te chnology, plus
car availability, re lationship manage me nt, income cost plus consolation that would play a major a a a a
role in de te rmining patron choice s be cause of ne w automobile mode ls. In Indian use d ve hicle s
on the marke t are incre asing day through day due to multiplie d re ve nue .
a a a a a a a a a
4
5
As we all re cognize that the Indian ve hicle is the world's fourth large st marke t. Mrs. Be e n John;
Dr. S. Pragade e swaran (2019) in the ir studie s pointe d out that many country wide plus a a a a a a
inte rnational busine sse s inside the Automotive busine ss se ctor offe r custome r’s many
a a a a a a a a a a
alte rnative s to think about what form of product to pick be cause the y all offe r the e qual products
a a a a a a a a
plus clie nts want a product that has pre cise variations in othe r me rchandise on the marke t as
a a a a a a a a
the ir studie s highlights the parame te rs have an e ffe ct on the purchase r pre fe re nce conduct with
admire to small ve hicle proprie tors in Lucknow City. Similarly, product choice is like wise a
a a a a a a a
crucial issue that is e njoye d by many purchase rs. Products had be e n studie d re gularly plus a a a a a a a a
re plicate d in marke ting course s plus the re are nume rous de finitions of the word 'brand'. Product
a a a a a a a a a a
de scription by me ans of the Ame rican Marke ting Association

a a a a a
Within the 1960s "the name , te rm, logo, logo, or de sign, or aggre gate of the m, is me ant to
a a a a a a a a a
ide ntify the products plus offe rings of an unmarrie d me rchant or institution of trade rs plus to
a a a a a a
diffe re ntiate be twe e n the ir compe titors." For clie nts, whe n ide ntifying among the goods on the
marke t it will contain the products as a manne r to de te rmine the e le ctricity of the product as
a a a a a a a a a a
oppose d to spe nd the ir time de ve loping the ir product data in se arch que rie s. Thus, consume rs
use me rchandise as indicators to make se le ctions to purchase or strive me rchandise (Ge r. e t al.,
2019). In this re gard, Ze e nat Ismail, Sarah Masood plus Zainab Mahmoud Tawab (2019) carrie d a a a a
out the ir studie s on e le me nts affe cting custome r’s pre fe re nce of inte rnational manufacture rs
ove r ne ighborhood me rchandise plus de te rmine d that the consume r is of the opinion that low
a a a a a a a a a a
price d products are far le ss nice .Kavita Dua plus Savita Gautam (2018) obse rve d in its studie s
a a a a a a a
that clie nts are maximum happy with the fe e , prote ction, construction, indoors space , mile age ,
a a a a a a a a a
comfort zone , productname , provide r compone nts, plus afte r sale s se rvice . In Indian use d a a a a a a a a a
motors on the marke t are incre asing day by me ans of day due to e xpande d sale s. a a a a a a a a a
6
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The re fore pride varie s as of product to product to clie nt, so the significance of consume r de light
a a a a a a a a a a
in clie nt de ve lopme nt te chnique s plus marke tplace dispositions is one e le me nt that the age ncy
can't inve st. Dr. Rajinde r Singh (2019) pe rforme d a look at on "Basic product asse ssme nt plus
a a a a a a
purchase r de light of Tata busine ss automobile s" to de te rmine the satisfactory of provide r,
a a a a a a a a a
ove rall pe rformance of Tata automobile s plus ge t custome r's fe e dback re garding Tata car's with
a a a a a a a a a
a sample le ngth of 150 clie nts plus use d nume rical table s, bar charts e tc.
a a a a a a a
The automobile industry is ve ry crucial. TVS plus Sons co-me gastar with Ashok Le ylplus in
a a a a a
turning into the chie f of the Two-Ve hicle Comme rcial plus Me dium Ve hicle Products a a a a a a a a a
comme rcial e nte rprise in Ke rala, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Prade sh plus Karnataka. Comme rcial
a a a a a a a
Ve hicle s which include s Traile r, Tippe r, and Truck, Buse s, plus Mode l warranty range as of1 to
a a a a a a a a
te n ye ars. Owne rs plus drive rs of industrial ve hicle s had be e n re que ste d some que stions plus
answe rs had be e n give n to assist the m unde rstplus the ir Comme rcial Vision about e missions ...
a a a a a a a a a
In indian use d motors are incre asing day by way of day be cause of rising re ve nue . a a a a a a a a
Humans Joyce M Darge e (2019) carrie d out studie s on the e ffe ct of e arnings on ve hicle a a a a a a a a a a a
owne rship: Evide nce for asymme try. This pape r highlights Sunde r's e ffe cts on sale s on ve hicle
posse ssion. It is tough to re alize the impact of coins waft on ve hicle posse ssion re gardle ss of the
a a a a a a a a a a
rising e arnings that on occasion le ad to highe r car posse ssion in a surve y that could be a
a a a a a a
statistical e xamine that shows how the uptake re action is going up plus down. Profits owne rship,
a a a a a a
automobile re ntal price s, wide varie ty of adults plus childre n in house s e tc. the y're hire d to
me asure variations with admire to the e arnings stre am. Afte r all of the che cks the e nd re sult
found out that the car posse ssion re sponse is stronge r whe n sale s rise s in comparison with a a a a a a a a
falling income which provide s e vide nce that income balance is lowe ring with incre asing ve hicle a a a a a a a a a a a
owne rship. In Indian use d motors for sale are growing day through day due to improve d
a a a a a a
re ve nue .
a a a
8
9
Dr. Arokiaraj plus Drs. M. Banumathi (2019) pe rforme d a study on Factor affe cting the a a a a
acquisition of passe nge r ve hicle s in Pondiche rry with a sample of 150 ve hicle custome r’s plus a a a a a a a a a
de te rmine d that custome r's support targe te d on ove rall pe rformance plus te chnical characte ristics
give n the highe st priority at the same time as e nvironme ntal plus prote ction functions have be e n
give n le ss significance . Of the 150 pe ople surve ye d, 80% of re sponde nts se le cte d a white
ve hicle , 40% chose a Maruti car obse rve d by way of Tata 30%, plus small ve hicle use be came
a a a a a a a a a a
discove re d at approximate ly 60%. a a a
Engine characte ristics plus its e fficie ncy, product photograph plus driving comfort have also
a a a a a
be e n primary e le me nts within the Passe nge r Ve hicle Buying choice . The re is conse que ntly a
ne e d to e le vate cognizance among clie nts re garding e nvironme ntal plus prote ction issue s. In
Indian use d motors on the marke t are growing day via day be cause of e xpande d sale s.
a a a a a a a a a
Dr. Ronald Mani plus Mrs. Laxmi Singh (2016) propose d a study in which the y obse rve d that a a a a
mile age plays a ve ry important position. In this study, a de pe nde nt que stionnaire be came use d
to acquire initial statistics for pe ople with a small automobile in the town of Allahabad. Using
a a a a a
the Simplicity sample , a sample of 100 proprie tors was se le cte d to minimize mistake s, using a
a a a a a a a a a
pe rsonal inte rvie w te chnique to colle ct the re quire d statistics. The bigge st pe rce nt of re sponde nts
we re Me n (83%) plus maximum of the m have be e n part of the se rvice class (64%). The re sult
discove re d that human be ings had unique ide as on diffe re nt things. Howe ve r, de taile d
e valuation found out that Mile age turne d into the maximum crucial thing for re sponde nts (56%)
a a a a a a a
which change d into followe d inte ntly by me ans of ve hicle plus e ngine powe r plus e le me nts
toge the r with re sale cost- chain mone tary syste ms had little e ffe ct on choice making.
a a a a a a a a a a
10
11
Dr. Ajoy S Jose ph plus Dr. H Y Kamble (2011) carrie d out a have a look at whe re in the y
a a a a a a a
inve stigate d patron acquisition of pe rsonal passe nge r ve hicle s in the ir re se arch. A pilot obse rve
was carrie d out first of all with 30 re sponde nts to ide ntify e rrors plus e xamine the mode l.
a a a a a a a a a
Re sponde nts prote cte d profe ssionals, public plus pe rsonal are a e mploye e s, busine ss plus
agriculture plus had be e n divide d into thre e groups primarily base d on automobile le ngth. In
a a a a a a a a a
Indian use d motors for sale are incre asing day by me ans of day due to e xte nde d sale s.
a a a a a a a a a a
Studie s have shown that the availability of budge t has he lpe d many house holds purchase an
a a a a a a a a
automobile for the ir e ach day activitie s, maximum of whom love nice running with le ss time as
a a a a a a a a
of banks. Also, lower inte re st rate s plus the abse nce of final case s have be e n the fundame ntal
e le me nts that influe nce d the final de cision.

a a a a a a a
With the varie ty of 1300000000 human be ings in India important custome r’s & nume rous
a a a a a
e xpe ctations de ve loping fast; in the goods the y use or ought to consume , that's why the produce r
a a a a a a a a a a
ne e ds support, survival plus marke ting te chnique s for the ir products by including more cost.
a a a a a a a
12
Pe rformance , price plus e ra are the drive rs for making a buy choice howe ve r the look at
conducte d at Uttar Prade sh with 2 hundre d re sponde nts. Le e , T.W & e t al 2018 carrie d out a
a a a a a a a a a
similar study at Malaysia with 171 sample size . Ying, W 2019 conducte d a have a look at at the a a a a a
automobile se ctors at Shanghai, china. Fue l e conomy, comfort plus comfort fe ature s, insurance
a a a a a a a
information, spe cification & warrantie s plus re -sale price are fe w othe r drive rs for buying a a a a a a a a a a
ve hicle howe ve r the look at has carrie d out at South Kore a. W.M Ande rson & 2019 carrie d out a
a a a a a a a a a
study to locate out the drive rs le ad to buy de cision but the look at pe rforme d ove rse as plus on
a a a a a a a a a a
re tail industry. L August 2019 conducte d the ir study at Ne w York me tropolis to ge t his drive rs
a a a a a a a
for buy.
P.E.Rossi & e t al 2019, T. Hsu & e t al 2019, M. Se nse & e t al, 2019 are othe r authors who
a a a a a a a
re se arche d on the ide ntical parame te r to found out factors le ading to consume r buying be havior
a a a a a a a a a a
but in e xce ptional se ctors. V. Jain & e t al 2020 the Indian write r additionally re se arche d within
a a a a a a a a a
the factors driving shopping for be havior but in diffe re nt quarte r, conse que ntly the re se arche r
de te rmine d to e xplore with the subse que nt targe ts plus a pre liminary e xploratory take a look at
also be e n pe rforme d through the re se arche r plus hypothe sis be ing formulate d on the basis of
this.
Smith 2019, in his work product diffe re ntiation & Marke t se gme ntation as alte rnative a a a a a a a
te chnique s trie s to diffe re ntiate among the te chnique s plus the marke t se gme ntation with one of
a kind standards plus the y quote d that e ach are factors of marke ting strate gy plus he counse le d a a a a a a a a a
the marke te r to alte r the me thod mix to re ap the targe t but since re ly me ntione d any crite ria for
the marke tplace se gme ntation. McCarthy, 2019 also in his paintings Basic marke ting. .In Indian
a a a a a a
the use d car's se lls is incre asing day with the aid of day due to ince nse me nt of the profits of
a a a a a a a a a a
13
pe ople .
a a
14
A manage rial approach has base d around the acquainte d 4ps but he didn’t note d approximate ly
a a a a a a a
whate ve r or any cate gory approximate ly the homoge nous group. Naje e mude e n, K. P & e t al,
2014 e xplaine d nume rous re asons for the incre ase of the Automobile industry plus conclude d
a a a a a a a a a a
that only “Disposable Income incre ase ” inside the rural & urban quarte r le ads to growth within the a a a a a a a a a
e nte rprise plus highlighte d fe w e le me nts that de cide the incre ase of India.
Industry howe ve r no frame work plus sample plus patte rn re fe rre d to of the ir work to de gre e the
accuracy in the ir drive rs. In a have a look at carrie d out via Lin, C.F 2019 “Se a ringing clie nts
a a a a a a
Brplus pre fe re nce De mographic or Psychographic” had succe ssfully de scribe d nume rous
a a a a a a a a a
compone nts of de mographics plus psychology plus ye t the author did now not provide an
a a a a a
e xplanation for the ide a of “Adult Tradition” cre ate d via him. Studie s through authors including
a a a a a a
Srivastava, M.K 2019 &, Varghe se , 2019 & e t al, Biswas, A 2019 & e t al try to discove r ge nde r a a a a a a a
as a first-rate compone nt in population incre ase plus a major contributing compone nt to patron
a a a a a
spe nding. In Indian use d motors for sale are incre asing day by way of day due to improve d
a a a a a a a
re ve nue .
a a a
Howe ve r Psychographic additive s which include the Life style & Pe rsonality plus Re al Value
a a a a a a a a a a
gadge t are be st de scribe d by me ans of the re le vant authors howe ve r none of the re se arch was
achie ve d in Odisha at the classification re sults plus the look at re sult couldn't be change d
a a a a a a a a
without the pre se nce of impact size , that's why the re se arche r de te rmine d to asse ss plus e stablish
a purpose . Following re se arch. In Indian use d ve hicle s for sale are growing day by me ans of day
a a a a a a a a a
be cause of e xte nde d re ve nue .

a a a a a a a a
The Indian use d ve hicle marke tplace was e stimate d at USD 24.24 billion in 2019, plus is
a a a a a a a a
15
anticipate d to re giste r a CAGR of 15.12% at some stage in the fore cast pe riod (2020-2025).
a a a a a a a a
16
• Ove r the ye ars, the use d ve hicle marke tplace has e me rge d within the country, with the boom
of the organize d plus organize d are a. The pre -owne d or use d ve hicle fle e t e xce e ds the four-
million- mark mark in FY 2018, which says the use d ve hicle marke t is 1.3 time s the marke t for a a a a a a a a
the ne w automobile . One of the most vital e le me nts for marke tplace boom is the re vision of the
GST fe e on use d cars as of40% to 12-20

a a a
• As the Indian automobile e nte rprise e nte rs the BS-VI pe riod as of April 2020, the quantity of
a a a a a a a a a a
use d card package s may want to de ve lop e xpone ntially, as ne w automobile s are e xpe cte d to be
e xtra e xpe nsive be cause of the additional te chnical cost. In addition, consiste nt with MD plus
a a a a a a a a a
CEO of Mahindra First Choice Whe e ls, groups continue to re cognition on re ducing die se l a a a a a a a a
gasoline e missions, for e xample , Maruti Suzuki's se le ction to e xit the die se l car phase in April
2020, plus is anticipate d to boost dimple s for compact die se l ve hicle s. Within the use d a a a a a a a a
automobile marke t, unle ss the re is a backlash in die se l automobile s.

a a a a a a a a
• Factors, toge the r with highe r sale s information, highe r pricing e xpe rie nce , plus highe r
a a a a a a a a a a
financial costs for use d automobile s, can have an e ffe ct on the growth of the use d car marke t. a a a a a a a a a
Some of the top playe rs in the marke te r OLX, Mahindra First Choice Whe e ls, Car's24, Maruti
a a a a a a a a a
True Value , Hyundai H Promise , plus othe rs.

a a a a
17
OBJECTIVES
18
The following are the obje ctive s:
a a a a a
• To know about the custome r's re comme ndations for de parting to a formal plus informal
a a a a a
marke t throughout the purchase of use d ve hicle s

a a a a a a
• To asse ss the factors that influe nce the buy of a custome r's towards a use d car.
a a a a a a a
• To appre ciate the use d car marke t in India.

a a a a a
19
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
20
This study is an atte mpt to analyze consume rs' buying habits plus inte re sts through the use of
a a a a a a a
use d car's plus consume r se arche s to satisfy the ir ne e d. To re -e valuate the formal plus informal
use d car marke ts, how consume rs re spond to plus re spond to use d car marke ts. So the scope of
a a a a a a a a a
this re se arch is to cove r the custome rs’ full vie w plus the ir pre fe re nce patte rn plus use d car
marke t. In Indian use d cars for sale are incre asing day by day due to incre ase d re ve nue . In
Indian use d cars for sale are incre asing day by day due to incre ase d re ve nue . How consume rs
are doing plus re sponding to use d car marke ts. So the scope of this re se arch is to cove r the
a a a a a a a a a a
custome rs’ full vie w plus the ir pre fe re nce patte rn plus use d car marke t. In Indians use d use d
cars are incre asing day by day as a re sult of incre ase d human income s.
a a a a a a
21
Review of Literature
a a a a
22
A use d automobile may be a lot le ss e xpe nsive than a ne w compe titor. Inflation is small plus
a a a a a a a a a
auto finance also can be e asily achie ve d. Surve ys re ve ale d that the call for for the use d ve hicle
marke tplace in India annually is 1.four million motors (Carazo 2012).

a a
India re pre se nts one of the most important automobile marke ts in the world. Easy ge t admission
a a a a a a a a a
to finance , couple d with rising inflation, and has spurre d the cre ation of late st style s of car's
a a a a a a a
which have le d to giant growth in the e nte rprise ove r the past fe w ye ars. Be side s, the e ntry of
nume rous worldwide playe rs has additionally had a positive impact on the use d ve hicle marke t.
a a a a a a a a a
The re fore , de mplus for use d motors is e xpe cte d to ke e p growing at a highe r rate within the
future . According to late st studie s on the se ctor, the Indian automobile e nte rprise is ve ry robust,
with the total marke t e xpe cte d to de ve lop at a CAGR of 22 twe e n 2011 to 2014 achie ving 3.9
a a a a a a a a a a
Million Units by me ans of the ce ase of 2014 (RNCOS E-Se rvice s Private Limite d 2011) Use d a a a a a a a a a
automobile proprie tors have the be ne fit of facts ove r pote ntial shoppe rs with re gards to the nice
of the ir automobile s. Owne rs of bad ve hicle s will try to se ll the m to unsuspe cting consume rs
a a a a a a a a a
e ve n as the proprie tors of good motors pre se rve the ir own. As a re sult, the gre at of the motors
sold should be quite low (Winand Emons 2002). Ne w car de ale rs (se lle rs of late st plus use d a a a a a a a a a
ve hicle s) are one of a kind as of automobile de ale rs (de ale rs of use d ve hicle s simple st) inside
the bulk of se lle rs within the whole sale marke tplace . Ne gative se le ction mode ls advice that the
sort of store that se lls the highe st price of its income inside the re tail marke tplace will, on
ave rage , be tte r-high-quality automobile s plus re ce ive highe r re turns.

a a a a a a a a a a
Huhmann (2005) sugge sts that spe nding time discove ring a rural Indian patron plus marke t a a a a a
be fore diving can he lp ke e p away as of pointle ss proble ms plus failure s. Collaborating with a
a a a a a a a a
curre nt Indian busine ss e nte rprise upon e nte ring the marke tplace also can offe r a fe w important
ble ssings for the company. Unde rstanding the distribution ne tworks available in rural India is
a a a a a a
23
important for
24
making a succe ss acce ss into the Indian rural marke tplace . Package s ne e d to be constructe d to
a a a a a a a a a a
withstplus more than one distribution bre ache s due to bad roads plus numbe r one route s. a a a a a a a a
Finally, whe n de signing a rural India package , smalle r size s allowe d purchase rs to strive out ne w
a a a a a a a a a
products. It additionally conside rs that most rural Indians have low income s plus have little a a a a a
dome stic storage . a a
With the adoption of those me asure s, e mployme nt inside the Indian home marke t have to be
promising.
Tan (2005) trie d to e xamine the e sse ntial opportunitie s plus challe nge s of promoting clie nt
a a a a a a a a a a
ite ms in rural India. He additionally sugge ste d that in orde r to be a succe ss, global patron ite ms
a a a a a a a a
busine sse s ne e d to innovate , be targe te d plus unde rstplus the tradition in growing local
a a a a a a a a a a
adve rtising strate gie s. Common re tail marke ting te chnique s that have worke d within the first
a a a a a a a a a a
'global' marke ts ne e d to be put in place to atte nd to the bottom turnove r, loss of formal ne tworks
a a a a a a a a a
plus distribution plus occasional labor charge s. It is a sign of e ach worldwide plus local a a a
purchase r age ncie s that the y've be e n capable of innovate plus de al with the de manding
situations offe re d by the Indian home marke t to supply goods plus e nhance the live s of many
a a a a a a a a a
human be ings. a
Charyulu (2005) sugge sts that adve rtising plus marke ting mix de sire s to be re de signe d at e ve ry a a a a a a a a a a a
le ve l of the product life style s cycle (PLC). Product PLCs might not adhe re strictly to strict PLC
a a a a a a a a
cate gorie s. Some products go straight to the boom phase ; othe rs bre ak out the downturn plus re -
a a a a a a a a a
input the marke t with ne w e xiste nce . This is prope r of products plus se rvice s normally supplie d
a a a a a a a a a a
in dome stic marke ts He discusse s a fe w variations of PLC as visible in dome stic marke ts which
a a a a a a a a
include highe r e ducation product, lowe r e ducation product, fad, fad with re sidual e ffe ct, mode rn
a a a a a a a a a
e xplosion, marke t te chnology, pyramidal cycle , ne w life style s, withdrawn introduction plus
a a a a a a a
25
cycle fashionable .
a a
26
Re nganathan (2005) analyze d clie nt marke ts plus purchase r consume r be havior in the Che nnai
a a a a a a a a a
are a. The patte rn size cove re d 135 human be ings with an automobile plus pe ople willing to
a a a a a a a a a a
improve as of a two- to four-whe e le r. The conse que nce s found out that 39% of surve ye d
a a a a a a a a a a
consume rs anticipate the automobile to be bitte r plus mid-le ve l. This make s it cle ar that. The
style plus appe arance of the auto additionally influe nce s the custome rs’ inte ntion to shop for the
a a a a a a a a a a
auto. Hyundai has gaine d large marke t proportion in urban re gions. It can also paintings with a a a a
campaigns plus road indicate s in rural are as plus to fit the one s marke ts. He additionally a a a a a a
counse le d that if an e nte rprise ne e ds e ffe ctive adve rtising to convince consume rs, it ne e d to first
cognizance on de ciding on famous playe rs. Product manage rs want to discove r the right
a a a a a a
ce le britie s by way of re taining the long-te rm e ffe ct on the ir minds, be cause ce le brity ads not
only construct a robust logo but also he lp to boom re call. a a
The charge is constant with high income .

a a a
Shukla (2006) factors out that the ratio of rural to city e arnings, incre ase d notably as of0.58 in a a a a
1995-96 to 0.64 in 2004-05. It de tails the amount of income that is to be had in citie s plus a a a a a
home s. Rural city allotme nt (%); HLL-city (67), rural (33); P&G-urban (70), rural (30); Dabur-
a a
city (55),
rural (45); LG-urban (60), rural (40); Vide ocon-city (55), rural (45); He ro Honda-urban (60), rural a a
(40); ITC-city (55) plus rural (45). He talks about the growing stre ngth of dome stic custome rs a a a a a
plus the dome stic marke tplace . a a a a
Change it. Al (2006) aims to pe rce ive the familiar ways pe ople use whe n conve ying the ir
de sire s via product forms. An oral ve rification proce ss was pe rforme d whe re in 23 topics de fine d
a a a a a a a a a a
the sort of the ir car conside re d for the manufacture r, who le ase d the car constantly as de fine d. A
total of 23 graduate plus graduate stude nts had be e n invite d to participate in oral imitation
a a a a a a a
27
activitie s plus the se stude nts came as of dive rse training de partme nts. Studie s had be e n simple st
ne e de d to
a a a
28
de scribe the visualization of the take n into conside ration car rathe r than the comple te shape . 815
de scriptions have be e n compile d impartially plus had be e n supplie d to e ach e xpe rt. Nine
profe ssionals along with language s, product de signe rs plus income re ps had to inve stigate the
a a a a a a a a a
de finitions supplie d by using the publications plus five indicators had be e n diagnose d name ly
a a a a a a a a
form de scription, analysis, classification, conve ying plus re lationships. The e nd conse que nce s of
a a a a a a a a
the take a look at furnishe d the pre mise for future de ve lopme nt of advance d re se arch strate gie s
aime d toward dive rsifying purchase rs' dre ams for product marke ting.
a a a a a
Ve rhoe f e t al. (2007) inve stigate d product plus supplie r re te ntion in the ne w automotive
marke tplace plus studie d the re gulatory function of the logo tie r. The study inve stigate d the
volume to which e ntre pre ne urs contribute d to the ce ase product plus also studie d how this
a a a a a a a a a a
providing is mode le d via the e mble m tie r. Data was amasse d as of re ce nt automobile shoppe rs a a a a a a a a a a a
plus patte rn size s for 999 automobile shoppe rs. Findings indicate that outle ts running with
a a a a a a
e xte nt manufacture rs have be e n capable of e nhance product re te ntion rate s. It be came also
me ntione d that re taile rs of promotional products plus e conomics couldn't intrude with product
a a a a a a
re te ntion. The e xce lle nt of the e xtrinsic store 's provide r has a totally small impact on shops
a a a a a a a a a a
promoting the varie tie s of e conomie s, whilst re taile r payout ratios are the most critical a a a a a a a a a
de te rminant of re taile r re te ntion of the se store s.

a a a a a a a a a
Hopkins (2007) e xamine s the e ffe cts of re ce nt de ve lopme nts in the conce ptual e xamine of a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
patron conduct e valuation. Two diffe re nt type s had be e n as compare d as re inforce me nt ge tting a a a a a a a a a a a
to know plus be lie f-base d totally gaining knowle dge of. It change d into argue d that familiarity a a a a a a a
with the pre se nt brplus could make the e stablishme nt e lse whe re difficult, albe it at a totally high
le ve l, at le ast unde r price compe tition. It was conclude d that be low the study of durability, the
a a a a a a a a a a
patron could be locke d into a low cost supply chain plus by me ans of comparison, be lie f-base d a a a a a a
29
ge tting to know
a
30
rule s should le ad to de lusions to accurate the assumptions approximate ly the quality of the 2
a a a a a a a a
product sorts plus in this case , the re may be a constant tre nd. a a a a a
Tange rine plus Kurian (2007) have trie d to provide re se arche rs plus cove rage make rs with a
supportive pe rspe ctive on the ir paintings plus how purchase rs suppose plus be have in re lation to
a a a a a a a a a a
the car e conomy. Data change d into amasse d be twe e n 2003-04 ove r a 12-month pe riod. Data
a a a a a a a a a
be come gathe re d within the shape of a discussion. The first ste p inside the discussion be come to
pay atte ntion to house holds communicate about the pre vious ve hicle s plus the purchase s in ste p
a a a a a a a a a a
2, de tails of re ce nt purchase s take n plus thirdly the y liste ne d to the gasoline e conomy plus
purchase s plus aske d approximate ly the ir ne xt automobile buy. Se mi se mi-de pe nde nt inte rvie ws
have be e n carrie d out with 57 familie s across 9 node s. It change d into de te rmine d that the first
hypothe sis be come re je cte d on the subje ct of patron involve me nt in mone tary cove rage plus the
se cond one be came adopte d in re cognize of car custome rs who do no longe r provide much time
to make calculate d choice s approximate ly the highe r gasoline e conomy plus most donors store
a a a a a a a a a
on road price s ove r time . a a a
Rani (2008) studie d in the passe nge r ve hicle industry in India. The tre nds inside the automotive a a a a a a a a a a a
industry have be e n studie d pre vious to its launch plus re le ase . He pointe d out that a comple te
branding cove rage that grante d ne w lice nse s to broad cate gorie s of automobile products a a a a a a a a a
comme nce d in 1985. Afte r the libe ration, the passe nge r ve hicle e nte rprise for the nine ye ars
be came marke d by way of an incre ase in the numbe r of me rchandise to be had in the marke t
which has cause d aggre ssive me rchandise to be se e n. On the basis of product characte ristics. a a a a a a a a a a
Car sale s multiplie d as of264803 de vice s in 1994-nine ty five to 819918 units in 2004-05. The
a a a a a a a
automobile e nte rprise contribute d 19% of the oblique tax in 2007 plus provide d 2 million dire ct
a a a a a a a a a
le ase plus 10 million indire ct e mployme nt. The fundame ntal challe nge s within the automotive
31
e nte rprise as a
a a a
32
cre ator had be e n e ach of the stre e t infrastructure , transit syste ms, te chnological infrastructure
plus ope rations. More e xports a a a
The y have be e n within the conne cte d compartme nt of the auto and, in time , may want to
a a a a a a a a a a
de ve lop to consist of luxury automobile s as we ll.

a a a a
Goyal plus Aggarwal (2008) trie d to find out the re lative importance of the e le gance of a a a a a a a a a
consume r ite ms at the same time as choosing a se le cte d automobile for its se gme nt. For the
state d purpose , a que stionnaire be come compile d plus re sponde nts had be e n de cide d on for a
simple sampling me thod. A ge ne ral of 277 re sponde nts we re se le cte d as of the me tropolis of
Ludhiana which containe d 67 re sponde nts in luxury cars plus 117 small cars. Various te chnique s a a a a a
we re use d along with Factor Analysis, De f, Standard De viation plus Bi-Variate Corre lation. The
a a a a a a a a
look at re ve ale d that within the case of luxury automobile purchase s, factors toge the r with
a a a a a a a a a
horse powe r, mode l, baggage capacity, acce ssorie s plus mortgage have e me rge d as the most
important factors, within the case of me dium-size d automobile s, afte r income provide r, a a a a a a a a
availability of facilitie s, mode l, layout plus e ngine e le ctricity have be e n vital plus if took place a a a a a a a a a a
to smalle r car's, things like acce ssorie s, e ngine capacity, afte r sale s carrie r plus price we re the
most crucial things. It is the re fore advocate d that automobile produce rs must be aware of the a a a a a a a a a
significance of diffe re nt signal gre at for e xclusive compone nts of the car.
a a a a a a a a
Kaushik plus Kaushik (2008) inve stigate d custome r's alte rnative s in te rms of passe nge r ve hicle a a a a a a a a a a
bookings in South We st Haryana district. He has also take n into conside ration pre -purchase plus a a a a a a
post-buy e le me nts plus e le me nts that influe nce the re cognition of passe nge r ve hicle s. A judicial
sampling syste m was accompanie d plus a take a look at change d into carrie d out in Britani plus
a a a a a
Mahe ndragarh districts in Haryana during the months of June -August 2007. Cross Tabulation
a a a
plus Multi-Dime nsional Scaling te chnique s had be e n use d. It be came visible that Maruti 800, a a a a a a a a a
33
Alto plus
34
Wagon-R had be e n ve ry popular within the place plus custome rs we re gre ate r influe nce d by a a a a a a a a a a a a
using frie nds, love d one s than sale s plus de ale rs. Brplus name , fue l, e fficie ncy plus price we re
found to be the principle de te rminants of buying automobile s in that place .

a a a a a a a
Le e plus Cho (2009) trie d to e xpe ct the de mplus for die se l-powe re d passe nge r ve hicle s base d
totally on patron possibilitie s with the South Kore an gove rnme nt. The mode l include d a a a a a a a a
gove rnme nt policie s plus attribute s of car's including pricing plus the e fficie nt e ngine . Unity
a a a a a a a a a
analysis be come use d to de te rmine consume r possibilitie s. The surve y turne d into carrie d out in
Se pte mbe r, 2003 through a spe cial studie s busine ss e nte rprise calle d ― Dongse o Re se arch. The
sample of 492 se nior citize ns in Se oul, Kore a be come face -to-face

a a a a a a a a a
An inte rvie w be came pe rforme d. The outcome s discove re d that custome rs might rathe r buy
die se l automobile passe nge rs than buy pe trol automobile s due to the associate d value of labor. It
was advocate d that while car produce rs improve on we ak factors in die se l car's which include s
a a a a a a a a
comfort, sound, vibration le ve ls e tc., die se l car's e njoy a gre ate r compe titive side ove r pe trol a a a a a a a a a a a a a
kindve hicle s. a a
Thakkar Al (2009) e xplore d the fundame ntal boundarie s to growing a ne w marke ting strate gy a a a a a a a a
that include s the Targe t Marke ting‖ of cars amongst purchase rs of a spe cific are a. Re se arch is
a a a a a a a a a
being achie ve d to me asure ine xpe rie nce d car re cognition. A patte rn of 80 voluntary re sponde nts
be come take n plus conducte d in the course of the le ngth April to June 2006. Factor analysis plus
a a a a a a a a a
comple x statistics have be e n use d to analyze the information. It change d into obse rve d that
a a a a a a a a a a
middle -age d, city plus 4 ge ars of obse rve showe d gre ate r atte ntion compare d to youth plus those
with rural backgrounds. It turne d into additionally argue d that gre e n te chnology within the a a a a a a
automotive se ctor could be allowe d at the price of raw fabric cable . It is re comme nde d that the
gove rnme nt must goal to promote the improve me nt plus de ve lopme nt of low-cost te chnologie s
35
couple d with ine xpe rie nce d ve hicle s.
a a a a a a a
36
Adje i e t al. (2010) studie d the e ffe ct of C2C communication on online product communitie s in
a a a a a a a a
custome r's buying be havior. This take a look at de ve lops plus e xamine s the C2C inte rne t ve rbal
e xchange ve rsion to cre ate de sirable e ffe cts for the on-line ne twork. Two re se arch we re use d to
a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
te st the mode l. In the first study, a ne tnography proce dure change d into e mploye d plus
a a a a a a a a a a
discussions among contributors of the product community we re code d plus ble nde d with surve y a a a a a a a
facts to e valuate the re se arch ve rsion. In Study 2, a surve y change d into conducte d to re tain
a a a a a a a a a a
the colle ction of e ve nts on the basics. It be came discove re d that on-line trade mark groups we re
e ffe ctive tools that influe nce d sale s, de spite the fact that the se groups re side d on private ly
owne d or private ly owne d we bsite s. It has also be e n prove n that positive information share d by
a a a a a a a a a a
way of me mbe rs of the public has a more pote nt re sistance to gre ate r e ffe ctive conduct than bad
data. In the e nd, it was we additionally conclude d that online brplus communitie s had be e n
a a a a a a a a
powe rful custome r's re te ntion tools to pre se rve custome rs knowle dge able plus informe d.
Satish plus Bhardwaj (2010) pe rforme d a look at of statistics be havior amongst ne w car buye rs. a a a a a
Data we re colle cte d as of two Indian me tros, India plus Che nnai. The variable s de cide d on for
a a a a a a a a a a
this e xamine we re take n as of pre vious re se arch. First the statistics had be e n analyze d with the
he lp of thing e valuation plus variance plus for this re ason the assumption be came re late d to the
a a a a a a a a a a
motor characte ristics. The re are 4 aspe cts that are out of fashion plus comfort, fe e for mone y, a a a a a a a a a
prote ction plus re liability plus ve rsatility plus so on. The busine sse s we re se parate d by analysis
a a a a a a a a a a
of a cohort that change d into use d in the use of variable s plus characte r variable s. The four a a a a a a a a
cluste rs shape d the re are name d as wide -ranging se arche rs, he avy se arche rs, low-de gre e
se arche rs plus low-de gre e se arche rs. So the le sson was the first have a look at to diffe re ntiate
automobile custome rs in India plus the e ffe cts had be e n supporte d by pre vious re se arch.
37
Chattopadhyay e t al. (2010) e mpirically e xamine d the ve rsion for locating the e ffe ct of a a a a a a a a a
fre que ncy adve rtising on one -of-a-kind me dia ve hicle s on building brplus e quity for passe nge r
a a a a a a a a a a
cars. This ve rsion is te ste d for e ach consume rs plus re pe at custome rs. The e ffe ct of me dia mixe s
on product size of the product be came e valuate d. The me dia mixe s take n as of this look at had a a a a a a a a a a
be e n TV add- on fre que ncy, print fre que ncy, fre que ncy of e ve nt sponsorship, on line addition
plus fre que ncy of ce ll add-ons. The size of the product kind is de cide d by way of the
a a a a a a a a a
e xce ptional plus product consciousne ss. The se cond re cords for the said cause be came colle cte d
as of India: fore cast plus e valuation, 2007. The numbe r one data had be e n amasse d with the a a a a a a a a a
assist of a pre -surve y que stionnaire with the assist of the prude nt (Surve y Company) to a a a a a a a a
administe r the surve y to 5 nationalitie s of India. The ove rall varie ty of re sponde nts agre e ing to
pre se nt the ir answe rs change d into 494 howe ve r the running sample change d into 200. The
patte rn change d into inte re ste d in the he lp of randomly se le cte d sample s. A third man or woman
who parke d the ve hicle in the parking lot be came contacte d be twe e n 3 PM to 9PM on Friday for
inspe ction. Modifie d Equation Mode ling change d into use d to re se arch the information afte r
a a a a a a a a a
which Cranach alpha turne d into use d to te st the re liability plus re liability. It was locate d that a a a a a a a
e ve ryone four of the se e le me nts have an e ffe ct on pe rce ive d be st plus brplus consciousne ss at
e ach start-ups plus car buye rs for re pe at passe nge rs. Finally, it may be conclude d that e ve ryone
me dia mixe s do no longe r have a big e ffe ct on product e quity.

a a a a a a a
Schrode r Al (2010) has prolonge d custome r's re cupe ration fashions to e ncompass comple tion
a a a a a a a
le ve ls that cowl the bre akdown se ction of the custome r's re lationship with a capability re cove ry
a a a a a a a a a a
se gme nt. A patte rn of forty thre e custome r’s had be e n riding the ir ve hicle s for non-busine ss
re asons plus e nde d the ir re lationship ove r the last 4 ye ars. The smartphone inte rvie w be come
carrie d out with the he lp of que stions that cove re d close -e nde d que stions. The principal e le me nt
38
analysis (CATPCA) be come use d for the analyze s. Four e xce ptional cluste rs we re constructe d a a a a a a a a a a a
with exceptional symbols. The first set consiste d of purchase rs who have be en overly attached‖
plus the second one was ― harm earners‖. Both age ncies had plans to repurchase. The third
a a a a a a a a a a
set consiste d of the le ave rs ―livid switching to anothe r be cause of product / provide r disaste rs
a a a a a a a a a a
plus the fourth containing the ite m cutte rs. Both the 1/3 plus fourth me rge rs have no purchase
a a a a a a a a a
inte ntions within the close to future .

a a a a
Ozaki e t al. (2011) conducte d a conside ration of patron purchase motive s. The ne wspape r said
a a a a a a a a
that studie s change d into be ing carrie d out on the acquisition of hybrid ve hicle buye rs, the
a a a a a a a a a
pre se nt day gre e n re volution that has be e n available on the marke t since the 1990's. This take a
look at was base d on simple studie s carrie d out in 2009 to analyze the significance of the factors
a a a a a a a a
that shape d Prius' buy inte ntions plus to have a look at how the cove rage could promote hybrid
a a a a a a a
adoption. An ove rall of 1263 re sponse s have be e n use d for analyze s plus a factor e valuation a a a a a a a a a
change d into pe rforme d. Financial be ne fits re late d to transportation policy, social norms,
a a a a a a a
te chnological hobby plus willingne ss to follow custome rs had be e n ke y e le me nts. It be came

advocate d that the same costs be re quire d to be hande d dire ctly to the consume r re lying on the
charge include d. a a
Kopnina (2011) aime d to have a look at the childre n's situation in re lation to automobile s plus a a a a a a
the e nvironme nt. It change d into notion that attitude s about cars ge ne rally te nd to broade n in
a a a a a a a a a
childhood. The obse rve turne d into carrie d out in Amste rdam among January, 2009 plus a a a a a a
De ce mbe r, 2010. Inte rvie ws with Dutch primary school youngste rs. A patte rn of 69 childre n
a a a a a a a a
plus 111 pare nts / guardians turne d into inte rvie we d. Data we re analyze d with the he lp of
a a a a a a a a a a
conte nt e valuation plus the MAXQDA (abilitie s e valuation program). The discussion is
a a a a a a
damage d down into unique the me s consisting of e ffe ctive motor e xpe rie nce s, bad e xpe rie nce s,
wonde rful attitude s a a
39
plus ne gative attitude s. Afte r the analysis, it is e ncourage d that a curriculum be advance d to
a a a a a a a a a
cope with the de ve lopme nt of kid's focus of sustainable on foot mode s.

a a a a a a a
Pe te r e t al. (2011) ide ntifie d psychological e le me nts which are powe rful in me asuring trade in
be havior plus that he lp to improve gas e fficie ncy. An inte grate d mode l of me ntal variable s that
a a a a a a a a a a
de scribe s the purchase of autonomous automobile s is propose d by way of inde pe nde nt buye rs.
a a a a a a a a a a
Data have be e n accumulate d as of302 Swiss re sponde nts whose own family bought a ne w car in
a a a a a a a a
2002. It was conclude d that aware ne ss of proble ms, symbolic inte ntions plus the e ffe ctive ne ss a a a a a a a a a a
of comme nts contribute s to indire ct conduct through dire ct pre dictors' pe rformance . The re sults
a a a a a a a a a
confirme d the robustne ss of fe ature s with a fair amount of ne w e ra plus diffe re nt capabilitie s.
a a a a a a a a a a
Hoye r plus Stumbe rge r (2011) studie d the role of good flavor in patron conduct. This pape r has
a a a a a a a
be e n an try plus e valuation lite rature as of various fie lds such as psychology, psychology,
a a a a a a
philosophy plus purchase r be havior that allows you to broade n a commonplace know-how of a a a a
patron be auty. The y also looke d at various issue s re late d to taste plus de ve lope d a conce ptual
frame work re le vant to the artwork plus taste in purchase r de cision-making. It change d into
a a a a a a a a
found that taste taste s play an important function in de te rmining how consumption conditions are
a a a a a
judge d plus e valuate d. In the e nd, it could be state d that the pape r worke d to initiate
inve stigations into this thrilling plus e xciting are a.

a a a
40
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
41
Re se arch De sign: An informative re se arch de sign
a a a a a a a
Basic Data The main data was colle cte d through a se mi-structure d que stionnaire as of a sample
a a a a a a a a
of 20 random car de ale rs plus 30 pre -arrange d car de ale rs, in Mysore . a a a a a a a
Se condary Data Se condary data has be e n colle cte d as of various automotive magazine s,
a a a a a a a a
magazine s, ne wspape rs plus online information pe rtaining to the automotive marke t be fore it.
a a a a a a a a a a
Sample Me thod-I-150 - Random Me thod.

a a a
Statistical Tool Data we re analyze d using SPSS for statistical analysis plus hypothe sis te sting. a a a a a
In this study, an annoying type of re se arch de sign is use d, which include s que stionnaire s plus a a a a a a a a
inte rvie ws of e xpe rts with a varie ty of ide as as of consume rs plus use rs. An e xploratory re se arch
de sign is use d as the re is ve ry little of the amount of pre vious re se arch done on the topic. Data
colle cte d as of humans is vie we d with the he lp of various factual tools, to gain insight into the
a a a a a a a
characte ristics of small plus me dium-size d automobile use rs. A simple random sampling me thod
a a a a a a a
is use d to colle ct information as of use rs plus consume rs. According to a sample size of 355
a a a a a a
aggre gate d use rs plus consume rs are se le cte d plus the ir pe rce ptual fe ature s we re obtaine d
through a que stionnaire . Analyze s we re pe rforme d using pe rce ntage analysis, Re gistration plus
analysis.
42
Exploratory Research a a
The re se arch that is taking place , as the name implie s, aims to simply e xamine re se arch
que stions and doe s not aim to provide final and final solutions to the proble ms at hand. This type
a a a a a a
of re se arch is usually done to study a proble m that has not be e n fully de fine d ye t.
a a a a a a a a a
De signe d to de te rmine the nature of the proble m, e xpe rime ntal re se arch is not inte nde d to
provide e mpirical e vide nce , but it doe s he lp us be tte r unde rstand the proble m. Whe n conducting
an e xpe rime ntal study, the re se arche r should be willing to change his approach due to the
discove ry of ne w data and ne w insights.

a a a
The e xpe rime ntal re se arch de sign is not inte nde d to provide final and unanswe re d answe rs to
re se arch que stions, but me re ly e xamine s the re se arch topic at diffe re nt le ve ls of de pth. It is
re cognize d that "re se arch re se arch is the first, most fundame ntal re se arch of re se arch. It can
e ve n he lp in de te rmining re se arch de sign, sample me thodology and data colle ction me thod." .
Informal inte rvie ws are a ve ry popular way of colle cting data through e xpe rime ntal studie s.
a a a a a a a a a
43
Descriptive Research a a a a
Whe n you think about the vast array of fie lds and topics cove re d in psychology, you unde rstand
a a a a a a
that in orde r to do re se arch psychologically, the re must be a varie ty of me thods to gathe r data
a a a a a a a a a
and pe rform e xpe rime nts. For e xample , a natural psychologist may be ve ry active in the use of
a lab or alongside a ne urologist. A social scie ntist can conduct a case study, a psychologist who
a a a a
can conduct a surve y, and a de ve lopme ntal psychologist can look into the classroom. In this a a a a a
se ction, you will le arn about the diffe re nt type s of re se arch me thods that psychologists use to
a a a a a a a a a a
study human be havior. a
Psychologists use de scriptive , e xpe rime ntal, and re lational me thods to conduct re se arch.a a a a a a a a a a
De scriptive , or qualitative , me thods include case studie s, e cological surve ys, surve ys, archival
a a a a a a a a a a
re se arch, longitudinal re se arch and te chnology.

a a a a a
Re se arch is be ing done to find cause and e ffe ct re lationships. In the be st e xpe rime ntal de sign,
the only diffe re nce be twe e n the e xpe rime ntal and control groups was that participants we re
e xpose d to e xpe rime ntal comparisons. Each group passe s through all the e xpe rime ntal phase s,
but e ach group will se e a diffe re nt amount of inde pe nde nt variance : The e xpe rime ntal group is
e xpose d to the e xpe rime ntal illusion, and the control group is not e xpose d to the e xpe rime ntal
manipulation. The re se arche r the n e valuate s the change s produce d by the de pe nde nt variable s in
e ach group.
a
Whe n data we re colle cte d for both groups, the y we re statistically analyze d to de te rmine if
the re we re any me aningful diffe re nce s be twe e n the groups.

44
Sources of Data a
Primary data
Primary data consists of original information for the spe cific purpose at hand. It is first hand a a a
information for the dire ct use rs of re sponde nts. The tools use d to colle ct the data may vary
a a a a a a a a a
and can be colle cte d through various me thods like que stionnaire , pe rsonal inte rvie w
a a a a a a a a a a
Se condary data
a
Se condary data is the data which is alre ady be e n colle cte d and asse mble d.
a a a a a a a a a
This data is available with the companie s or firms and it can be colle cte d from
a a a a a a
Ne wspape rs pe riodicals, magazine s, we bsite s e tc.

a a a a a a a
45
1. Re se arch Type
a a a
De scriptive Re se arch - De scriptive re se arch has be e n conducte d as the the ne e d of the study
primary data was studie d and analyze d according to the ne e d of study.

a a a a a
2. Data Colle ction Me thod a a
The me thod of data colle ction is que stionnaire me thod.

a a a a a a
3. Sample unit a
Each re sponde nt was coine d as a single unit in the surve y.

a a a a a a
4. Sample Size a a
The sample was done taking 150 units.

a a a
46
5. Colle ction Of Data a
Mostly the information which has be e n colle cte d in primary in nature . Some se condary data
a a a a a a a a
have also be e n e xtracte d from the various we bsite s, publishe d journals, magazine s, and
a a a a a a a a a a
ne wspape rs.
a a
6. Data Analysis Me thod & tools a
The data analysis instrume nt use d for conducting the re se arch is Tabulation Bar Chart.
a a a a a a
Line Chart and Pie chart.

a a
7. Are se le cte d a a a a
Surve y was conducte d in Lucknow city.

a a
47
LIMITATIONS
48
The following are the limitations of the study.
a a a a
• Time -factor. a
• Minimum size of Sample was only 150.

a a
• Limite d are a to Mysore only.

a a a
• Re se arch is re stricte d to the use d car's marke t.

a a a a a a a
49
INTERPRETATION HYPOTHESIS
50
To achie ve the purpose of the study, a follow-up hypothe sis was de ve lope d plus te ste d ove r
time . H01: Fe ature s That Do Not Affe ct Custome r's Atte ntion Towards Pre -Ve hicle s
a a a a a a a a a
H11: Factors influe ncing custome r's pe rce ption in te rms of use d car's.
a a a a a a
H02: Re asons have no e ffe ct on the choice of the Un Unplanne d marke t to buy owne d car's.
a a a a a a a a a a
H12: The factors have an impact on the dire ct inte re st in the informal car buying marke t.
a a a a a a a a
H03: The factors have no impact on the choice of a formal marke t for private ve hicle purchase s.
a a a a a a a a a
H13: Re asons have an influe nce on the straightforward choice of the formal marke t for pre -
a a a a a a a a a
owne d ve hicle s.
a a a
51
DATA ANALYSIS
52
1. Age a
Age in Pe rce ntage

a a a a
20-30 20%
30-40 40%
40-50 25%
50-70 15%
Age in a
15 20
20-30
30-40
25 40-50
50-70
40
53
2. Education
Education in pe rce ntage

a a a
Le ss than Unde r Graduate

a a a 10%
Unde rgraduate
a a 40%
Graduate a 25%
Post Gradution 20%
Be ond Post Graduation
a 5%
Education in
5 10
20 Le ss than
a
Unde r Graduate
a a
Unde rgraduate
a a
Graduate
40 a
Post Gradution
25
Be ond Post Graduation
a
54
3. Gendera a
Ge nde r in pe rce ntage

a a a a a
Male a 70%
Fe male
a a 30%
Othe rs a 0%
Ge nde r in pe rce ntage

a a a a a
0%
30%
Male a
Fe mal
a
ea
70% Othe rs a
55
4. Occupation
Occupation
Employe d a 20%
Se lf Employe d
a a 60%
Une mploye d
a a 0%
House wife a a 5%
Stude nt a 15%
Occupati
15 20 Employe d a
5
% Se lf
a
Employe d a
Une mploye
a a
d House wife a a
60
56
5. Income a
Income a
Unde r Rs. 30000

a 30%
Rs. 30000 - 49000 20%

Rs. 50000 - 69000 20%
Rs. 70000 - above a 30%
Incom
30 30 Unde r Rs. 30000

a
Rs. 30000 -
49000
Rs. 50000 -
69000
20 20
57
6. Brand of your car
Ple ase indicate the bran of your car

a a a a
Maruti Suzuki 40%

Hyundai 20%
TATA 5%
Mahindra 12%
Ford 8%
Honda 5%
Othe r
a 10%
Ple ase indicate the brand

a a a a
of
Maruti
10
5 Suzuki
8 Hyundai
40
TATA
12 Mahindr
a Ford
5
Honda
20
58
7. Buy same brand car again
a
Will you buy same brplus car again?

a
Ye s
a 60%
No 40%
Will you buy same brand car

a
again?
Ye s a
40%
No
60%
59
8. Purpose of Car
a
Purpose of Car
a
Busine ss a 60%
Pe rsonal
a 30%
Family 8%
Othe ra 2%
Purpose of Car a
8% 2%
Busine a
30% ss
60% Pe rson
a
al
60
9. Importance of having car in your life
a a
Importance of having car in your life

a a
Not Important 10%

Ne utral
a 30%
Important 15%
Ve ry Important
a 45%
Importance of having car in

a
10
Not
45 Important
30 Ne utral
a
Important
15
61
10. Important of driving (using) a car in your
personal life
a a
Important of driving (using) a car in

your pe rsonal life
a a
Not important 0%
Ne utral
a 30%
Important 40%
Ve ry important
a 30%
Important of driving (using) a car

in your
0
30 30 Not
important
Ne utral
a
Important
40
62
11. Source of information for buying used car a a
Indicate your source of information

a a
for buying use d car

a
Frie nds plus Colle ague s

a a a 10%
Car magazine s a 2%
De ale rs
a a 28%
Car shows 5%
TV Adve rtise me nt a a a 20%
Bill Boards 2%
Inte rne t a a 30%
Brochure s a 3%
Indicate your source

a a
of information for
Frie nds and

a
10 Colle ague s a a
2
31 Car magazine s a
De ale rs
a a
29 Car
2 shows
21 5 TV
Adve rtise me nt
a a a
63
12. Decision making source in your decision
a a a
for buying used car a
Important of following de cision making source in your de cision for

a a a
buying use d a
car
Yourse lf
a 60%
Your 10%
Husand/wife a
Your 10%
Daughte r/Son
a
Your Pare nts a 10%

Frie nds
a 10%
Important of following decision a
making source in your de cision for

a a
buying use d car a
Yourse lf a
10%
Your Husand/wife
10%
a
Your
10% Daughte r/Son a
60%
Your Pare nts
10% a
64
13. Initial decision to buy to placing order
a a
Initial de cision to buy to placing orde r

a a
Le ss than 2 we e ks
a a a 60%
2 we e k to 1 month
a a 30%
1 month to 3 month 8%
3 months & above a 2%
Initial de cision to buy to

a
placing orde r a
8% 2% Le ss than 2
a
we e ks 2 we e k
a a a a
to 1 month
30%
1 month to 3 month
60%
65
14. Indicate the important of following factoring a a
choosing used car a
Indicate the important of following factoring choosing use d

a a a
car
Price of Car a 15%
Fue l Consumption
a 5%
Powe r a 5%
Comfort 5%
Safe ty a 5%
Size a 5%
Afte r Sale Se rvice
a a a a 5%
Brand 5%
Re sale Value
a a a 5%
Te chnology
a 5%
Inte rior De sign
a a 5%
Exte rior De sign a a 5%
Mainte nance a a 5%
Expe nse s a a 5%
Color 5%
Country of Origin 5%
Availability of Spare a 5%
Part
Loan Facility 5%
Indicate the important of

a a
following factoring
Price of Car a
Fue l a
5% Consumption
5% 15
5% Powe r a
5% 5%
Comfor
5% 5
% t Safe ty
5%
a
5% 5 Size a
5 %
5%5% 5% Afte r Salea a
Se rvice
a a
Brand Re sale a a
Value a
Te chnology
a
57
FINDINGS
58
:
The following re sults are liste d in the above analysis list:

a a a a a a
In the Organize d Marke t: • The vie w of the re sponde nts looking on the formal marke t to have a
cle ar title , Profe ssional Assistance , Easy Mone y, afte r income se rvice s, Fair Price plus fre e
provide r at the same time as shopping for use d motors be come important. • The re sponde nts'
a a a a a a a a a a
vie w of the formal marke tplace consiste d of re al e le me nts for ware housing, ve rification plus
e xte nsion of guarante e whilst shopping for use d car's be came of no avail.
a a a a a a a
For the Random Marke t: • The re sponde nts' vie w of the informal marke t to a cle an title , the
mutual acce pt as true with of Mut Mutal plus Re sale Value whe n buying use d automobile s
a a a a a a a a
change d into important. • The re sponde nts' vie w toward the random marke t to have comple te
a a a a a a a a a a
re gions of contact plus Ne gotiation at the same time as buying use d ve hicle s would imply little .
a a a a a a a a a
Consume r Pe rce ption as a whole whe n shopping a car in front of you: • Re sponde nts' angle on
a a a a a a a a
riding skills, choice to own a car, budge ting plus a diffe re nt ve hicle whilst shopping for use d
a a a a a a a
car's be come important. • Re sponde nts' pe rce ptions conce rning Che e te r have a ne w ve hicle ,
Price , Company image , Availability of e le me nts, Afte r sale s se rvice s plus se cond automobile
whilst buying use d car's turne d into not that much.. a a
59
SUGGESTION'S
60
In de stiny the surve y discove re d that in spite of be ing supporte d through a sturdy community
a a a a a a a a
plus logo re putation, approximate ly 54% of re sponde nts praise d the informal automobile buying
a a a a a a a
marke t be fore it change d into de signe d be cause the rate is ne gotiable . Organize d marke t playe rs
have to make e fforts to re duce fe e plus bring the rate in line with the compe tition due to the
random marke t. Formal playe rs should cre ate re cognition of the ir e xce lle nt ce rtificate to be able
to function an possibility ove r informal playe rs. a a
Informal marke t participants must make e fforts to construct a sale s carrie r ne twork afte r
a a a a a a a
partne ring with automobile re store plus carrie r offe rings plus put in force courting marke ting
a a a a a a a a
strate gie s as the y have alre ady got loyal custome r's.
a a a a a a
61
CONCLUSION
62
The pre -owne d car marke tplace can be transforme d right into a more pre pare d marke tplace with
the aid of Indian plus inte rnational automobile make rs plus othe r main Indian house s. Auto
a a a a a a
majors now not most e ffe ctive make the ir acce ss into the marke tplace with the pre -owne d
ve hicle busine ss, but also make an income at the proje ct. The uninte ntional pre -pre pare d
automobile de ale rs are atte mpting to match the carrie r re quire me nts of organize d plus
unorganize d automobile de ale rs to grow to be more e xpe rt in the ir te chnique to marke ting. The
fashionable conse nsus amongst the e nte rprise is that the automobile se gme nt in advance of it
could double as a car marke tplace for anothe r 5 ye ars as it doe s in advance d countrie s.
a a a a a a a a
STUDY RESEARCH STEP the following is for de stiny re se arch: a a a a
• Future studie s may be te ste d on spe cific ve hicle s alre ady built.
a a a a a a a a a
• Re se arch can most e ffe ctive be pe rforme d in a random marke tplace or a random marke tplace .
• Future re se arch may be conducte d in dive rse e le me nts of India.

a a a a a a a a a a
63
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books:
1. Kotle r Philip, Ke vin Ke lle r (2009), Marke ting Manage me nt (Thirte e nth Edition)
a a a a a a a a a
2. Marke ting Manage me nt, The McGraw.Hill Company Rajan Saxe na (Third Edition)
a a a a a
3. Lazar Le slie Kanuk and Le nn G. Schiffman, Consume r Be havior, Pre ntice Hall (Se cond Edition)
a a a a a a a a
4. Pune e t Singh Bhatia, Fundame ntals of Digital Marke ting Pe arson (Ele ve nth Edition)
a a a a a a a
MAGAZINES:
A) OUTLOOK BUSINESS (FEB, 2020)
B) BUSINESS STANDARD (April-July 2019)
C) 4P’S OF BUSINESS AND MARKETING (June 2019) a
D) BUSINESS TODAY - Pick and Choose a
E) BUSINESS TODAY - Tata Motors to bring Jaguar, Land Rove r to India a
INTERNET:
1. Maruti Suzuki Motors' Official We bsite a a
2. Wikipe dia a
3. http://www.marutisuzuki.com/
4. www.carde kho.com a
5. http://www.carwale .com/re se arch/cars/ a a a
64
QUESTIONNAIRE ON CONSUMER BUYING
BEHAVIOUR ON USED CAR'S.
DEAR SIR /MADAM
I am pursuing my MBA in unive rsity of BBDU plus as a part the re se arch the data has to be a a a a a a
gathe re d through the use of que stionnaire . Your re sponse s are vital to the succe ss of this study
plus will be tre ate d with utmost confide ntiality.

a a a a
Kindly answe r the following a a
que stions. Name

a a
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………........
Age …………………………………………………………………………………………………
a
………………………………………………………...
Part 1
 Education :
(a) Le ss than unde rgraduate [

a a a ]
(b) Unde rgraduate a a [ ]
(c) Graduate a [ ]
(d) Postgraduate a [ ]
(e) Be yond post graduate
a a [ ]
 Ge nde ra a
Male [ a ] Fe male [
a a ]
65
 Primary Re side nce a a a
(a) Own [ ]
(b) Re nt a [ ]
(c) Othe r a [ ]
 Occupation
(a) Employe d [ a ]
(b) Se lf Employe d [
a a ]
(c) Une mploye d [
a a ]
(d) House wife [ a a ]
(e) Stude nt a [ ]
 Income a
(a) Unde r 30,000 [ a ]

(b) 30,000 to 49000 [ ]
(c) 50,000 to 69,000 [ ]
(d) 70,000 – more [ a ]
Part 2
1. Ple ase indicate the brplus of your car?
a a a a
...............................................................................................................................
2. Will you buy the same brplus of car again? a a
(a) Ye s (b) No
a
66
3. Ple ase indicate the purpose of your car
a a a a a
(a) Busine ss purpose a a [ ]

(b) Pe rsonal purpose
a a [ ]
(c) Family purpose a [ ]
(d) Othe r purpose a a [ ]
4. Ple ase indicate the importance of having a car in your pe rsonal life ?
a a a a a a a
(a) Not important [ ]

(b) Ne utral a [ ]
(c) Important [ ]
(d) Ve ry important
a [ ]
5. Ple ase indicate the important of driving (using) a car in your pe rsonal life ?
a a a a a a
(a) Not important [ ]

(b) Ne utral a [ ]
(c) Important [ ]
(d) Ve ry important a [ ]
6. Ple ase indicate your source of information for buying use d car?
a a a a a
(a) Frie nds plus Colle ague s [

a a a ]
(b) Car magazine s [ a ]
(c) De ale rs [
a a ]
(d) Car shows [ ]
67
(e) TV adve rtising [ a ]
(f) Bill boards [ ]
(g) Inte rne t [ a a ]
(h) Brochure s [ a ]
7. Ple ase indicate the important of following de cision making source in your de cision for
a a a a a a a
buying use d car? a
Ve ry a Not Ne utral
a Important Ve ry
a
unimportant important important

Yourse lf a
Your
husband/wife a
Your
son/daughte r a
Your pare nts a
Frie nd plus
a
Colle ague s a a
8. What was the le ngth of time as of initial de cision to buy to placing orde r? a a a a a
(a) Le ss than two we e ks [

a a a ]
(b) 2 we e ks to 1 month [ a a ]
(c) 1 month to 3 month [ ]
(d) 3 month to 6 month [ ]
(e) More than six month [ a ]
09. Ple ase kindly indicate the important of following factoring choosing use d car?
a a a a a
Ve ry Not a Not Ne utral

a Important Ve ry
a
important important important

Price of car a
68
Fue l a
consumption
Powe r a
Driving
comfort
Safe ty a
Size a
(capacity)
Afte r sale s a a
se rvice s
a a
Brplus
popularity
Re sale value a a a
Advance a
te chnology
a
Inte rior a
de sign a
Exte rior a
de sign a
Mainte nance a a
Expe nse s a a
Color
Country of
origin(India)
Availability
of spare part a
Loan plus
payme nt a
facilitie s a
10. Would you like to offe r sugge stions on any aspe ct of use d car buying be havior which is not a a a a a a
cove re d in this surve y?

a a a
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………….
Thank you ve ry much for your kind coope ration. a a
69

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RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT

A Study on Consumer Buying Behavior Towards Purchase of Used Car's.

Towards partial fulfillment of

Master of Business Administration (MBA)

School of Management, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow

Guided by: Submitted by

(Dr. Neelabh Kumar) Ajay Kumar Sharma

Babu Banarasi Das University

Dr. Neelabh Kumar Dr. Sushil Pandey

(Guide- SOM) Dean/Incharge

without that it is impossible to make research report.

I am greatly indebted to my mentor, Dr. Neelabh Kumar for guiding me plus

project plus for his support in completing the Scoping Report.

encouraging cooperation plus attention to me plus the time that helps me

complete this task.

My thanks plus thanks go out to my friends for building the project.

Ajay Kumar Sharma

University Roll No-1190672019

create a shopping environment that is responsive to customer's needs. We sell a professional

needs of traveling with a quality product.

Sr. Topic Page no.

3. Scope of Study 18-19

4. Review of Literature 20-31

5. Research Methodology 32-38

7. Interpolation Hypothesis 41-42

8. Data Analysis 43-57

10. Suggestion 60-61

11. Conclusion 62-63

13 Questionnaire on consumer buying behavior on 66-70

day by means of day because of increased sales.

growing day through day due to multiplie d sale s. a a a

de scription by me ans of the Ame rican Marke ting Association

discove re d at approximate ly 60%. a a a

e le me nts that influe nce d the final de cision.

be cause of e xte nde d re ve nue .

GST fe e on use d cars as of40% to 12-20

automobile marke t, unle ss the re is a backlash in die se l automobile s.

True Value , Hyundai H Promise , plus othe rs.

marke t throughout the purchase of use d ve hicle s

• To appre ciate the use d car marke t in India.

marke tplace in India annually is 1.four million motors (Carazo 2012).

ave rage , be tte r-high-quality automobile s plus re ce ive highe r re turns.

dome stic storage . a a

only construct a robust logo but also he lp to boom re call. a a

The charge is constant with high income .

plus the dome stic marke tplace . a a a a

de te rminant of re taile r re te ntion of the se store s.

on road price s ove r time . a a a

plus ope rations. More e xports a a a

de ve lop to consist of luxury automobile s as we ll.

found to be the principle de te rminants of buying automobile s in that place .

sample of 492 se nior citize ns in Se oul, Kore a be come face -to-face

me dia mixe s do no longe r have a big e ffe ct on product e quity.

inte ntions within the close to future .

te chnological hobby plus willingne ss to follow custome rs had be e n ke y e le me nts. It be came

wonde rful attitude s a a

cope with the de ve lopme nt of kid's focus of sustainable on foot mode s.

inve stigations into this thrilling plus e xciting are a.

Sample Me thod-I-150 - Random Me thod.