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Strukture Podataka I Algoritmi 1 Vežbe 5: Lazar Vasović Nikola Bačanin Nikola Andrijević

This document contains code examples and explanations about pointers in C programming. It demonstrates how to declare and use pointers to pass arguments to functions, manipulate pointers through arithmetic, and the relationship between arrays and pointers. Functions like swap() and div_and_mod() are used to illustrate passing arguments by reference using pointers. Pointer arithmetic is applied to step through character arrays and integer arrays. Finally, it is explained that a pointer to the first element of an array can be used interchangeably with the array name itself.

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41 views10 pages

Strukture Podataka I Algoritmi 1 Vežbe 5: Lazar Vasović Nikola Bačanin Nikola Andrijević

This document contains code examples and explanations about pointers in C programming. It demonstrates how to declare and use pointers to pass arguments to functions, manipulate pointers through arithmetic, and the relationship between arrays and pointers. Functions like swap() and div_and_mod() are used to illustrate passing arguments by reference using pointers. Pointer arithmetic is applied to step through character arrays and integer arrays. Finally, it is explained that a pointer to the first element of an array can be used interchangeably with the array name itself.

Uploaded by

dragela
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Kragujevac, školska 2019/20

STRUKTURE PODATAKA I ALGORITMI 1


VEŽBE 5

Lazar Vasović
Nikola Bačanin
Nikola Andrijević
POKAZIVAČI - OSNOVNI POJAM
#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
int x = 3;
int *px;
printf("Adresa promenljive x je : %p\n", &x);
printf("Vrednost promenljive x je : %d\n", x);

px = &x;
printf("Vrednost promenljive px je (tj. px) : %p\n", px);
printf("Vrednost promenljive na koju ukazuje px (tj. *px)
je : %d\n", *px);

*px = 6;
printf("Vrednost promenljive na koju ukazuje px (tj. *px)
je : %d\n", *px);
printf("Vrednost promenljive x je : %d\n", x);
}
Institut za matematiku i informatiku | 2020 | KG
SWAP: DEMONSTRACIJA PRENOSA
ARGUMENATA PREKO POKAZIVAČA
#include <stdio.h>
void swap_wrong(int x, int y) {
int tmp;
printf("x : %p\n", &x); printf("y : %p\n", &y);
tmp = x;
x = y;
y = tmp;
}
void swap(int* px, int* py) {
int tmp;
printf("px = %p\n", px); printf("py = %p\n", py);
tmp = *px;
*px = *py;
*py = tmp;
}

Institut za matematiku i informatiku | 2020 | KG


SWAP: DEMONSTRACIJA PRENOSA
ARGUMENATA PREKO POKAZIVAČA
main()
{
int x = 3, y = 5;
printf("Adresa promenljive x je %p\n", &x);
printf("Vrednost promenljive x je %d\n", x);
printf("Adresa promenljive y je %p\n", &y);
printf("Vrednost promenljive y je %d\n", y);
swap_wrong(x, y);
printf("Posle swap_wrong:\n");
printf("Vrednost promenljive x je %d\n", x);
printf("Vrednost promenljive y je %d\n", y);
swap(&x, &y);
printf("Posle swap:\n");
printf("Vrednost promenljive x je %d\n", x);
printf("Vrednost promenljive y je %d\n", y);
}

Institut za matematiku i informatiku | 2020 | KG


PRIMER 1
• Napisati funkciju koja istovremeno vraća dve vrednosti -
količnik i ostatak dva data broja.
#include <stdio.h>
void div_and_mod(int x, int y, int* div, int* mod)
{
printf("Kolicnik postavljam na adresu: %p\n", div);
printf("Ostatak postavljam na adresu : %p\n", mod);
*div = x / y;
*mod = x % y;
}
main() {
int div, mod;
printf("Adresa promenljive div je %p\n", &div);
printf("Adresa promenljive mod je %p\n", &mod);
div_and_mod(5, 2, &div, &mod);
printf("Vrednost promenljive div je %d\n", div);
printf("Vrednost promenljive mod je %d\n", mod);
}
Institut za matematiku i informatiku | 2020 | KG
POKAZIVAČKA ARITMETIKA
#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
char s[] = "abcde"; int t[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
char* ps = &s[0]; int* pt = &t[0];
printf("ps = %p\n", ps);
printf("ps+1 = %p\n", ps+1);
printf("ps+2 = %p\n", ps+2);
printf("ps-1 = %p\n", ps-1);
printf("ps-2 = %p\n", ps-2);
printf("pt = %p\n", pt);
printf("pt+1 = %p\n", pt+1);
printf("pt+2 = %p\n", pt+2);
printf("pt-1 = %p\n", pt-1);
printf("pt-2 = %p\n", pt-2);

Institut za matematiku i informatiku | 2020 | KG


POKAZIVAČKA ARITMETIKA

for (ps = s; *ps; ps++) putchar(*ps);


putchar('\n');

ps = &s[3];
printf("s = %p\n", s);
printf("ps = %p\n", ps);
printf("ps - s = %d\n", ps - s);
pt = &t[3];
printf("t = %p\n", t);
printf("pt = %p\n", pt);
printf("pt - t = %d\n", pt - t);
}

Institut za matematiku i informatiku | 2020 | KG


PRIMER (PRETHODNE VEŽBE)
• Napisati funkciju za ispis niza brojeva - demonstrira prenos
nizova brojeva u funkciju.
#include <stdio.h>
void print_array( int a[], int n) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { a[i]++; printf("%d ",a[i]);}
printf("sizeof(a) - u f-ji: %ld\n", sizeof(a));

putchar('\n');
}
main() {
int a[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
int i;
printf("sizeof(a) - u okviru main : %ld\n", sizeof(a));
int n= sizeof(a)/sizeof(int);
print_array(a, n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) printf("%d ",a[i]);
putchar('\n');
}
Institut za matematiku i informatiku | 2020 | KG
VEZA IZMEĐU POKAZIVAČA I NIZOVA
#include <stdio.h>
void print_array(int* pa, int n);
main()
{
int a[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
int num_of_elements = sizeof(a)/sizeof(int);
int* pa;
printf("Niz a : %p\n", a);
printf("Adresa prvog elementa niza a (&a[0]) : %p\n",
&a[0]);
pa = a;
printf("Pokazivac pa ukazuje na adresu : %p\n", pa);
printf("a + 3 = %p\n", a + 3);
printf("&a[3] = %p\n", &a[3]);
printf("pa[5] = %d\n", pa[5]); printf("*(pa + 5) = %d\n",
*(pa+5));

Institut za matematiku i informatiku | 2020 | KG


VEZA IZMEĐU POKAZIVAČA I NIZOVA

printf("sizeof(a) = %ld\n", sizeof(a));


printf("sizeof(pa) = %ld\n", sizeof(pa));
print_array(a, num_of_elements);
print_array(pa, num_of_elements);
}

void print_array(int* pa, int n)


{
int i;
for (i = 0; i<n; i++) printf("%d ", pa[i]);
putchar('\n');
}

Institut za matematiku i informatiku | 2020 | KG

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