9

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 1b:
Solving Quadratic Equations
Mathematics – Grade 9
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Solving Quadratic Equations
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Joan A. Cagadas
Editors: Noel B. Wamar, Feby D. Atay
Reviewers: Ronela S. Molina
Illustrator: Joan A. Cagadas
Layout Artist: Joan A. Cagadas
Cover Art Designer: Reggie D. Galindez
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director
Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Omar A. Obas – Schools Division Superintendent
Jasmin P. Isla – Schools Division Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM
Ronela S. Molina – Subject Area Supervisor
Meilrose B. Peralta – CID Chief
Hazel G. Aparece – EPS In Charge of LRMS
Antonio R. Pasigado – Division ADM Coordinator
Ronela S. Molina – Subject Area Supervisor

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Region

Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 9

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 1b:
Solving Quadratic Equations
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics 9 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Solving

Quadratic Equations!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

It focuses on the fundamental concepts of quadratic equations and its

application. The presentation and examples herein stated are tailored – fit and
meticulously selected to ensure learners understanding. Learners should be able to
identify the significant characteristics of each concept. An array of solving
strategies are then manifested to guide students’ learning.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. It is significant that the
learner be able to integrate the values of patience and perseverance to attain the
needed competency. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the
needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and
circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics 9 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Solving

Quadratic Equations!

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies
you are expected to learn in the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what
you already know about the lesson to take. If you get
all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to
skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson.

This aims to help you discover and understand new
concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to

solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You
may check the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph

to be filled in to process what you learned from the
lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you
transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.
This also tends retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master the different algebraic methods in solving quadratic
equations. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence
of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module is aimed to:

a. Find the roots or solutions of quadratic equations by: (a) extracting

square roots; (b) factoring; (c) completing the square; and (d) using the
quadratic formula.

What I Know

PRE-ASSESSMENT
Directions: Let us find out how much you already know about this module.
Answer the following questions as much as you can by writing the letter of
your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Take note of the items that you
were not able to answer correctly and then let us find out the correct answer
as we go through this module.
1. How many real roots the quadratic equation have?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
2. In the quadratic equation , which is the quadratic term?
A. B. C. D.
3. What are the roots of the quadratic equation ?
A. B. C. D.
4. Which of the following quadratic equations can be solved easily by
extracting square roots?
A. C.
B. D.
5. One of the roots of is . What is the other root?
A. B. C. D.

6. Which of the following is a perfect square trinomial?

A. C.
B. D.
7. Which of the following quadratic equations whose roots are ?
A. C.
B. D.
8. What is the most convenient method in solving the quadratic
equation ?
A. extracting square roots C. completing the square
B. factoring D. quadratic formula
9. Which of the following methods can be used in solving quadratic
equation of the form ?
I. Extracting Square Roots III. Completing the Square
II. Factoring IV. Quadratic Formula
A. I, II and III C. II, III and IV
B. I, III and IV D. I, II, III and IV
10. What quadratic equation has roots of
A. C.
B. D.
11. What is the quadratic equation formed by roots
A. C.
B. D.
12. What number must be added to to make it a perfect square
trinomial?
A. 4 B. 9 C. 16 D. 25
13. The product of two numbers is 32 and their quotient is 8. What are the
numbers?
A. 8 and 4 B. 16 and 2 C. 24 and 3 D. 32 and 4
14. Angela’s father is twice her age. If the product of their ages is 450, how
old is Angela now?
A. 12 B. 15 C. 18 D. 20
15. The sum of two numbers is 8. The square of the first minus twice the
square of the second equals 7. What are the two numbers?
A. 4 and 4 B. 6 and 2 C. 5 and 3 D. 7 and 1
Lesson

1 Solving Quadratic Equations

A number is a of a quadratic equation if, when the number is

substituted for the variable, the equation becomes a true statement. For
quadratic equations, there are at most two real roots. There are several ways
by which roots of a quadratic equation can be found. A recall of algebraic
techniques involving polynomials is needed to fully understand the
procedures.

What’s In

Activity1: Am I Standard?
Encircle the number if its shows a quadratic equation. Write it in standard
form and determine the values of , and . (J. Ulpina, L. Tizon, E. Fernando; Math
Builders 9; JO-ES Publishing House, Inc.; 2014)

Equation Standard Form

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.
 What’s New

Activity 2: Cardboard Box!

Use the situation below to answer the questions that follow.

A square piece of cardboard is to be used to form a box

without a top by cutting off squares, 𝑐𝑚 on a side from each
corner and then folding up the sides. The volume of the box
must be 𝑐𝑚 .

1. Draw a diagram to illustrate the given situation.

2. How are you going to represent the length of the side of a square piece
cardboard? How about its volume
3. What will be the dimension of the box with a square base?
4. How will you find the length of each side of the box?

What is It

SOLVING A QUADRATIC EQUATION

Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of real numbers are
the key to your success in solving linear and quadratic equations.
In solving quadratic equation, you must know how to get the square
root of a number, how to factor expressions, and how to apply properties of
real numbers. The different methods of solving quadratic equations are
extracting square roots, factoring, completing the square and using the
quadratic formula.
The solution of a quadratic equation is called roots of the equation.
A quadratic equation has at most two roots.
 Based on the activity Cardboard Box:

3cm 3cm
𝑥
3cm 3cm
𝑥
3cm

𝑥 𝑥

3cm 3cm

3cm 3cm

Let be the length of a side of the cardboard. When a square is

cut off from each corner and then folded up, a box with square base
on each side, and a height of will be formed. Therefore, its volume is
. Since the volume must be , we have
– length of the box
– width of the box
– height of the box
– volume of the box

We reject the value of since the dimensions of the box must be

positive Thus we get

Therefore the square cardboard must be on each side.

A. Extracting Square Roots.

Quadratic equations that can be transformed in the form can

be solved by applying the properties:
1. If , then has two real solutions or roots: √ .
2. If , then has one real solution or root: .
3. If , then has no real solutions or roots.
The method of solving a quadratic equation is called extracting
square roots. (Math 9 LM, p. 21)
The square root method is used in solving incomplete quadratic
equations of the form x2 = c, when c is a non-negative number.

The Square Root Property of Real Numbers

If u2 = d, then u = or u = - for d  0.

A shorter way of writing the two solutions u = d and u = - d is to

write using double sign notation: u =  d. (Project EASE, Module I)

Example 1: Solve for the roots of .

Solution:

Write the equation in the form .

Addition property of equality

√ √ Take the square roots of both sides of the equation.

Check against the original equation.

For 𝑥 : For 𝑥 :
𝑥 𝑥
Example 2: Find the roots of .

Solution:

Write the equation in the form .

Apply multiplicative inverse property of equality.

√ √ Square root both sides of the equation.

Check against the original equation.

For 𝑥 : For 𝑥 :
𝑥 𝑥

B. Factoring

Factoring is a method used to solve a quadratic equation in the form

or .

Zero Product Property

If 𝑎 and 𝑏 are real numbers and 𝑎𝑏 then 𝑎 or 𝑏 . This is aso true for
three or more factors, For any factor equal to zero, the product is zero.
Example 3: Find the roots of

Solution:

Transform the equation into standard form

or .
Factor the quadratic expression.

Apply the zero product property by setting each

factor of the quadratic expression equal to .
Solve each resulting equation.

Check against the original equation.

For 𝑥 For 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

Example 4: Find the roots of by factoring.

Solution:

Transform the equation into standard form

or .
Factor the quadratic expression.
Apply the zero product property by setting each
factor of the quadratic expression equal to .
Solve each resulting equation.

Solve each resulting equation.

 Check against the original equation.
For 𝑥 For 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

C. Completing the Square

There are quadratic equations that are not factorable. If an equation is

not factorable, you can apply another method to solve for the roots of
the quadratic equation called completing the square. Using this
method means transforming one side of the equation into a perfect
square trinomial. (J. N. Ulpina, L. Tizon, E. Fernando, Math Builders 9;JO-ES Publishing House, Inc. 2014)

Example 5: Find the roots of

Solution:

Group all variable terms on one side of the equation

and constant on the other side,
Complete the square of the resulting binomial by
adding on both sides of the equation the square of
half of .

Factor the resulting perfect square trinomial and

write it as square of binomial.

√ √ Use the square root property to solve for .

Solve each resulting equation.

Check against the original equation.
For 𝑥 For 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

Example 6: For what values of is the equation

Solution:

Since is not equal to , divide the equation by the

value of .

Group all variable terms on one side of the equation

and constant on the other side, .
Complete the square of the resulting binomial by
adding on both sides of the equation the square of
half of .
;

Simplify.
Factor the resulting perfect square trinomial and
write it as square of binomial.

√ √ Use the square root property to solve for .

√
√ √
or Solve each resulting equation.

√
or
Check against the original equation.
√ √
For 𝑥 For 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

D. Quadratic Formula

To solve any quadratic equation using the quadratic formula,

determine the values of , , and then substitute these in the equation
√
. Simplify the result if possible, then check the solutions obtained against
the original equation. (Math 9 LM, p.50)

Example 7: Find the roots of the quadratic equation using

quadratic formula.

Solution:

Write the equation in standard form.

Determine the values of b and .
√

√
Substitute the values of , , and in the quadratic
formula.
√
Simplify.
√

Check against the original equation.

For 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
Example 8: Find the roots of using the quadratic formula

Solution:

Write the equation in standard form.

Determine the values of b and .
√

√
Substitute the values of , , and in the quadratic
formula.
√
Simplify.
√

Check against the original equation.

√ √
For 𝑥 For 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
√ √ √ √

3 3
√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √
 What’s More

Activity 3: Extract My Roots!

Find the roots of each quadratic equation. Simplify your answer and check
the result. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

1. 3.

2. 4.

Questions:

a. How did you find the roots of each equation?

b. Which equation did you find difficult to solve by extracting square

roots? Why?

Activity 4: Factor Then Solve!

Solve the following quadratic equation by factoring and check the result.
Write your answer on a separate sheet.

1. 3.

2. 4.

Questions:

a. How did you find the solutions of each equation?

b. What mathematical concepts or principles did you use in finding the

solutions? Explain how you used these?
Activity 5: Make Me Complete!

Solve for the roots by completing the square and check your answer. Write
your answer on a separate sheet.

1. 3.

2. 4.

Questions:
a. How did you find the solution of each equation?

b. What mathematical concepts or principles did you use in finding the

solution? Explain how did you use these?

Activity 6: Is the Formula Effective?

Solve for the roots of the following quadratic equations and check. Write
your answer on a separate sheet.

1. 3.

2. 4.

Questions:
a. How did you use the quadratic formula in finding the solution/s of
each equation?

b. How many solutions does each equation have?

 What I Have Learned

Answer the following questions.

1. Extracting square roots is used to solve a quadratic equation in the

form ___________________________.

2. How do you know that a given trinomial is a perfect square trinomial?

_____________________________________________________________________

3. How will you determine the constant to be added in completing the

square if the given trinomial is not a perfect square trinomial?
_____________________________________________________________________

4. Can you use the quadratic formula to solve quadratic equation of any
form? Why?
_____________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Problem 1: The area of a rectangular garden is . . The length of the

garden is more than its width. What are the dimensions of the
rectangular garden?

Solution:

Step 1: Represent the given information in an equation.

Let represents the width of the garden.
represents the length of the garden.
Why?

Step 2: Solve the equation

Why?
Why?
Why?
 Step 3: Interpret the answer

The length cannot be . Why?

The width of the garden is . Why?
The length of the garden is . Why?

Problem 2: The product of two consecutive positive numbers is 56. Find the
numbers?

Solution:

Step 1: Represent the given information in an equation.

Let be the smaller number.
be the bigger number Why?
So, Why?

Step 2: Solve the equation

Why?
Why?
Why?
Why?

Step 3: Interpret the answer

Can be Why?

Therefore the numbers are and Why?

 Assessment

POST ASSESSMENT:
Directions: Let us check how much you have learned from this module.
Read each question carefully. Write the letter of your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. How many real roots does the quadratic equation

A. 0 B. 1 C. 3 D. 4
2. In the quadratic equation , which is the quadratic term?
A. B. C. D.
3. What are the roots of the quadratic equation ?
A. B. C. D.

4. Which of the following quadratic equations can be solved easily by

extracting square roots?
A. C.
B. D.

5. One of the roots of is . What is the other root?

A. B. C. D.
6. Which of the following is a perfect square trinomial?
A. C.
B. D.
7. What is the quadratic equation formed by the roots
A. C.
B. D.
8. If , then .
A. B. C. D. 0
9. If then .
A. B. C. D. 0
10. If , then which correctly states the possible values for ?
√ √
A. C.
√ √
B. D.
11. The sum of two positive integers is 24. Which of the following represents
their largest product?
A. 140 B. 240 C. 154 D. 144
12. The length of the garden is longer than its width and the area is
. How long is the garden?
A. B. C. D.
13. Arvin is 5 years older than Prince. The product of their ages after 10
years is . How old is Prince now?
A. 55 B. 50 C. 45 D. 40
14. Alyssa and Valerie can finish cleaning the house in 2 hours. If it takes
Alyssa working alone 3 hours longer that it takes Valerie working alone,
how many hours will Alyssa finish the work alone?
A. 3 hours B. 6 hours C. 8 hours D. 10 hours
15. Mark is planning to enlarge his graduation picture. His original picture
is long by wide. He asked the photographer to enlarge it by
increasing its length and width by the same amount. If he wants the
area of the enlarged picture is . , what is its new dimension?
A. C.
B. D.
 Additional Activities

Squaring digits

Select a natural number between 1 to 50. Square the digits and add.
Repeat this process until you see a pattern.

Example:

The number is 23. Observe the pattern.

What other numbers ends in 1?

________________________________________________________________________
What happens if you do the process to number 37?
________________________________________________________________________
What conclusion can you give?
________________________________________________________________________
 1. A 1. √
√
2. B 2.
3. C 3. √
4. B
4. √
5. B
6. D Activity 3: Extract my Roots
7. A
8. B
9. A Standard Form 𝒂 𝒃 𝒄
10. D
𝑥 𝑥 -2 1 -5
11. D
12. C 𝑥 𝑥 1 4 -5
13. D
14. B 𝑥 𝑥 -3 9 0
15. B 𝑦 𝑦 1 1 5
Post Assessment 𝑥 𝑥 5 -7 0
𝑥 𝑥 3 -2 4
1.
√ 𝑥 𝑥 1 3 0
Activity 1: Am I Standard?
2.
𝑥 𝑥 -1 4 5
3. √
4. 𝑥 𝑥 1. C 1 2 8
2. A
𝑥 𝑥 1 -15
Activity 6: Is the formula effective?
3. A -1
1. -12, 8 4. C
2. -9, 5 5. B
3. -8, 6 6. A
√ 7. D
4. 8. A
Activity 5: Make me Complete! 9. C
10. D
11. B
1. 0, 3 12. B
2. -3, 8 13. B
3. -11 14. B
4. 15. C
Activity 4: Factor then Solve! Pre-Assessment
Answer Key
References

DepEd Materials: Mathematics 9 Learners Material

Jisela N. Ulpina (2014). Math Builders 9, Mega-Jesta Prints, Inc.,

Valenzuela City

Orlando A. Oronce and Marilyn O. Mendoza (2014), E Math 9, Rex

Printing Company, Inc.

Soledad Jose-Dilao, Ed.D. and Julieta G. Bernabe(2009), Intermediate

Algebra, SD Publications, Inc.
 DISCLAIMER
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendation.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: [email protected]