[CHAPTER SEVEN]

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

7.1. Summary of the Study

The purpose of the project is to carry out a petrophysical evaluation study on five wells within
Cretaceous oil-bearing sandstone reservoirs along blocks [SB9] in the Sarir oil field.
As a result, the main dominant reservoir in the area is Sarir sandstone, which is also called
(Nubian Sandstone). The area has a major potential source rock (Sirt shale) that provides the
hydrocarbons and the reservoir sealed by different cap rocks; either by the shaly layers within the
Sarir sandstone or the shale and anhydrite of the overlying Etel formation.
The study also included a part summarizes the physical properties of rocks, the principles and
uses of wireline logs. The logs were classified based on their usage or their operational principle.
The first group helps to determine physical and chemical properties of reservoir rocks; this
includes porosity logs (sonic, density and neutron), lithology logs (gamma ray and spontaneous
potential), resistivity logs (induction, laterolog and microresistivity) and auxiliary logs (caliper,
dipmeter). The second group is based on the method of measurement and corresponds to
electrical logs (spontaneous potential and resistivity), radioactive or nuclear logs (gamma-ray,
neutron and density) and acoustic logs (sonic).
The case study in the project was organized in the following parts:
1. Interpretation of reservoirs lithology based on wireline logs
2. Determination of petrophysical properties of reservoir rocks.
3. Mapping the petrophysical properties of the Sarir reservoir
The study of reservoir zones and lithology consisted of evaluating the type of rocks (clean or
shay sandstones) forming the reservoir intervals and their distribution in order to quantify gross
zones, by relating the behavior of wireline logs signature.
The second part deals with the petrophysical evaluation of the identified potential reservoirs.
Eight parameters were calculated and three of them were used as reference for reservoir
characterization. The volume of shale was estimated in all the wells using the linear method.
Density porosity was performed in all the wells except well M04-SB9, in which sonic porosity
was applied. Neutron-density porosity in all wells were made with the purpose of having
reasonable results. Indonesia equation was used to determine water saturation. Furthermore, a
predicted permeability function was derived using Timur equation based on porosity calculated
and Shlumberger constant parameters.

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In order to trace and explain the variation in the reservoir parameters, different type of maps
were constructed for (net pay, porosity, shale volume, and saturation). The maps have different
pattern for each parameter and different reason of interpretation.

7.2. Results

§ Quantitative log interpretation has been performed on wells localized into the Sarir area
over Cretaceous intervals of Sarir Sandstone.
§ Five wells have been interpreted (M01, M02, M03, M04 and M05). From the
petrophysical study of these wells listed in chapter five, it shows that zones (5 & 6)
present highly porous sandstone intervals with variable shale content.
§ Zone (5) is characterized by a higher shale content compared to zone (6) which is
composed predominantly of sandstone with thin interbedded shale at the top.
§ During this study, shale volume (Vsh) has been interpreted, this is computed preferential
based on GR according to the linear method, it ranging between 9% - 16%.
§ Effective porosity has been interpreted, this is preferentially based on the neutron-density
calculation. The resulting porosity is generally comprised between 12 and 21%.
§ Water saturation has been computed using Indonesian equation. Input parameters have
been chosen based on standard industry accepted values, and it was ranging between 21%
- 29%.
§ From the results, it is evident that, the reservoir has excellent petrophysical properties
reservoir. These parameters were averaged after having applied cutoffs and summarized
as follow: the average net pay thickness is 17 ft for zone (5) and 78 ft for zone (6). The
average net pay porosity is 19% for zone (5) and 15% for zone (6). The average water
saturation is 23% for zone (5) and 28% for zone (6).

7.3. Conclusion

§ The zones (5 & 6) were evaluated and considered as potential zones, therefor the OOIP
was calculated for both zone to be 31∗106 BBL for zone (5) and 106∗106 BBL for zone
(6).

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§ Based on the recovery factor (53%) in the study area, the reserve was calculated for both
zones to be 16∗106 BBL for zone (5) and 56∗106 BBL for zone (6).
§ The total hydrocarbon volume in place for the whole area from both reservoir zones is
137∗106 BBL and the recoverable about 72∗106 BBL.
§ The main factor controlling the distribution of OOIP for both zones (5 and 6) is the
variation in net pay thickness between the wells.

7.4. Recommendation

§ Use the seismic data interpretation is a major step to understand and confirm the results
of this study.
§ Basic core analysis of reservoir zones of all the wells is also needs to confirm the
petrophysical results.
§ Additional wells are required to be involved in the study, in order understand the extent
of Sarir sandstone reservoirs in the area.
§ Production well data should be considered in the study.

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